IE Academic Mentorship Program Math 17: Review Exercises 1

I. True or False

1. If 𝑎 ∈ 𝐴, 𝐴 ⊂ 𝐵 and 𝐵 ⊂ 𝐶, then 𝑎 ∈ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 .
2. For any non-empty sets A, B, C, 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 = 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶 ∪ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 .
3. By the distributive axiom, 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑢 ∙ 𝑣 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑢 ∙ 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑣 .
x 3 +1
4. ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ, x 3 +1 = 1.
1 𝑛 𝑛
5. ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ, ∀𝑛 ∈ , 𝑎 𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎.

II. Perform the indicated operations and simplify.

1. 6𝑝2 + 10𝑞 2 − 𝑞 3𝑝 + 4𝑞 + 2𝑝 2𝑞 + 3𝑝 − 𝑞 3𝑝 + 8𝑞
2. Factor the following completely:
a. 𝑥 7 − 7𝑥 4 − 8𝑥
b. 3𝑎6 𝑏 − 27𝑎4 𝑏5 + 48𝑎2 𝑏9
𝑥
3. Rationalize:
𝑥+1+1

1 1
𝑛 −2 𝑛 2 +2
4 16
4. 2𝑛 −1 𝑛 8𝑛 𝑛 +1

3 6
3 𝑦 8𝑥 7 𝑥 8 ∙3 𝑦
5. 27𝑥𝑦 − 3 +
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥

5 4 3
6. − 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−3 + 2𝑥 2 +𝑥−1
2𝑥 2 −7𝑥+3

1
7. 2 − 2
1−2−𝑥

−1
𝑎 −1 𝑏 −2 −𝑎 −2 𝑏 −1
8. 𝑏 −2 −𝑎 −2

9. 1 + 𝑥𝑛 −1
+ 𝑥 −𝑛 + 1 −1

10. Use long division: 6𝑥 3 + 13𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 12𝑦 3 ÷ 2𝑥 + 3𝑦

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IE Academic Mentorship Program Math 17: Review Exercises 1

I. TRUE OR FALSE
1. TRUE 2. FALSE 3. FALSE 4. FALSE 5. TRUE

II.
1. 6𝑝2 + 10𝑞2 − 𝑞 3𝑝 + 4𝑞 + 2𝑝 2𝑞 + 3𝑝 − 𝑞 3𝑝 + 8𝑞

= 6𝑝2 + 10𝑞2 − 3𝑝𝑞 − 4𝑞2 + 4𝑝𝑞 + 6𝑝2 − 3𝑝𝑞 − 8𝑞2

= 12𝑝2 − 2𝑝𝑞 − 2𝑞2

=2 6𝑝2 − 𝑝𝑞 − 𝑞2

2 3𝑝 + 𝑞 2𝑝 − 𝑞

2. a. 𝑥7 − 7𝑥4 − 8𝑥

= 𝑥 𝑥 6 − 7𝑥 3 − 8

= 𝑥 𝑥3 − 8 𝑥3 + 1

𝑥 𝑥 − 2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 4 𝑥 + 1 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1

b. 3𝑎6 𝑏 − 27𝑎4 𝑏 5 + 48𝑎2 𝑏 9

= 3𝑎2 𝑏 𝑎4 − 9𝑎2 𝑏4 + 16𝑏 8

= 3𝑎2 𝑏 𝑎4 − 8𝑎2 𝑏4 + 16𝑏 8 − 𝑎2 𝑏4

= 3𝑎2 𝑏 𝑎2 − 4𝑏2 2
− 𝑎2 𝑏 4

3𝑎2 𝑏 𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏2 − 4𝑏4 𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏2 − 4𝑏4

𝑥 𝑥+1−1
3. ∙
𝑥+1+1 𝑥+1−1
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IE Academic Mentorship Program Math 17: Review Exercises 1

𝑥 𝑥+1−1
=
𝑥+1−1

𝑥+1−1

1 1
𝑛 −2 𝑛 2 +2
4 16
4.
2𝑛 −1 𝑛 8𝑛 𝑛 +1

2 +2
22𝑛−1 24𝑛
= 2 −1 2 +3𝑛
2𝑛 23𝑛
2
24𝑛 +2𝑛+1
= 4𝑛 2 +2𝑛
2
2
24𝑛 ∙ 22𝑛 ∙ 2
= 4𝑛 2 2𝑛
2 ∙2
2

3 6
3 𝑦 8𝑥 7 𝑥 8 ∙3 𝑦
5. 27𝑥𝑦 − 3 +
𝑥2 𝑦 2 𝑥

2𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑥 3
= 3 3 𝑥𝑦 − 3 + 𝑥 3 𝑥𝑦 𝑦2
𝑥2 𝑦2

=3𝑦 3 𝑥 − 2𝑦 3 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 3 𝑥

=𝑦 3 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 3 𝑥
3
𝑦 𝑥 1+𝑥

5 4 3
6. − 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−3 + 2𝑥 2 +𝑥−1
2𝑥 2 −7𝑥+3

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IE Academic Mentorship Program Math 17: Review Exercises 1

5 4 3
= − +
2𝑥 − 1 𝑥 − 3 𝑥−3 𝑥+1 2𝑥 − 1 𝑥 + 1
5 𝑥 + 1 − 4 2𝑥 − 1 + 3 𝑥 − 3
=
2𝑥 − 1 𝑥 − 3 𝑥 + 1
5𝑥 + 5 − 8𝑥 + 4 + 3𝑥 − 9
=
2𝑥 − 1 𝑥 − 3 𝑥 + 1

1 1 2−𝑥
7. 2 − 2 = 2− 2−𝑥−2 = 2+ = 2𝑥 + 2 − 𝑥
1−2−𝑥 𝑥
2−𝑥

𝑥+2

−1
𝑎 −1 𝑏 −2 −𝑎 −2 𝑏 −1
8. 𝑏 −2 −𝑎 −2

−1
1 1
2 − 2
= 𝑎𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
1 1
2 − 2
𝑏 𝑎
−1
𝑎−𝑏
= 𝑎2 𝑏2
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
𝑎2 𝑏2
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
=
𝑎−𝑏
𝑎−𝑏 𝑎+𝑏
=
𝑎−𝑏
𝑎+𝑏

9. 1 + 𝑥 𝑛 −1
+ 𝑥 −𝑛 + 1 −1

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IE Academic Mentorship Program Math 17: Review Exercises 1

−1
1 1 + 𝑥𝑛
= +
1 + 𝑥𝑛 𝑥𝑛
1 𝑥𝑛
= +
1 + 𝑥𝑛 1 + 𝑥𝑛
1 + 𝑥𝑛
=
1 + 𝑥𝑛

10. 6𝑥 3 + 13𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 12𝑦 3 ÷ 2𝑥 + 3𝑦

3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑦 2

2𝑥 + 3𝑦 6𝑥 3 + 13𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 12𝑦 3

− 6𝑥 3 + 9𝑥 2 𝑦

4𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 2

− 4𝑥 2 𝑦 − 6𝑥𝑦 2

−8𝑥𝑦 2 − 12𝑦 3

− 8𝑥𝑦 2 − 12𝑦 3

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