Power Analysis

Power analysis for a Repeated Measures MANOVA with two levels was
conducted in G*Power to determine enough sample size using an alpha of 0.05, a
(31)
power of 0.80, and a large effect size (f = 0.40) . Based on the assumptions, the
desired sample size is 15 for each group.

Statistical analysis

Test of normality, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, was used to measure the

distribution of data measured.
Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk
Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
CRP Pre .121 30 .146 .936 30 .065
CRP Post .126 30 .109 .941 30 .068
chest expansion Pre .128 30 .097 .940 30 .063
chest expansion Post .129 30 .091 .941 30 .059
red blood cell Pre .095 30 .200* .975 30 .501
red blood cell Post .074 30 .200* .979 30 .646
Hemoglobin Pre .136 30 .079 .935 30 .073
Hemoglobin Post .124 30 .121 .955 30 .115
*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Accordingly, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) test repeated

measures, was used to compare the post-treatment values of the two groups. Least
Significant Difference test was used to compare within group (pre- vs post-
treatment) differences. Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or
median, minimum and maximum.
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program (version 23
windows) was used for data analysis. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.
 Results
Table (1): Demographic data of patients in both groups (A&B).

Group A (n= 15) Group B (n= 15) Test Statistic P value

Gender Chi-Square = 0.135 (NS)
3.88
Male 11 9
Female 4 6
Age (yrs.) 8.6 ±2.4 8.23 ±1.98 t-value = 0.941 0.353 (NS)
Weight (kg.) 27.53 ±8.4 25.2 ±7.9 t-value = -0.308 0.760 (NS)
Height (m) 130.24 ±12.14 127.23 ±11 t-value = -0.777 0.442 (NS)
Data are expressed as mean ± SD. NS= p> 0.05= not significant.

Control Study
27%
40%

73% 60%

Male Female Male Female

140 130.24 127.23
120
100
80
60
40 27.53 25.2
20 8.6 8.23
0
Age Weight Height

Control Study

Figure (1): Demographic Characteristics for all subjects.

Within group comparison (intra group comparison)
In group A, there was statistically significant difference between the mean
value of all measurements at the pre-treatment and post treatment levels. In group
B, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean value of all
measurements at post-treatment when compared with its corresponding value
measured at pre-treatment with p value < 0.001.
 Starting with the inflammatory marker – CRP, both groups improved with
67% decrease in the control group and 83% decrease in the study group. The chest
expansion in cm, improved for both groups with 49% increase in the control group
and 63% increase in the study group. The RBCs improved with 21% increase in
the control group and 32% increase in the study group, and the same goes for the
Hemoglobin, with 17% increase in the control group and 32% increase in the
study group (Table 2).
Between groups comparison
At pre-treatment, in groups A and B, the mean values (± SD) of all measured
points had no statistically significant difference between the two groups.
AT post-treatment, there was a statistical significant effect in the values of
all measurements in group B when compared with their corresponding values in
group A with p< 0.05 except for the RBC where there is no significant difference
between the groups with p<0.05. (Table 2).
Table (2): Comparison between mean values of the selected measures by group in the
measured at pre-treatment, and post-treatment.

Measurements Mean ± SD F-value P-value

Group Control Group Study Group
Inflammatory Marker - CRP
Pre-treatment 31.24 ± 2.07 36.433 ± 2.07 3.136 0.087 (NS)
Post-treatment 10.2 ± 0.96 5.94 ± 0.96 9.748* 0.004 (S)
Percentage of
67.3% 83.7%
improvement
F -value 7.848* 10.489*
p value 0.000 (S) 0.000 (S)

Chest Expansion
Pre-treatment 1.56 ± 0.185 1.92 ± 0.185 1.829 0.187 (NS)
Post-treatment 2.327 ± 0.192 3.13 ± 0.192 8.849* 0.006 (S)
Percentage of
49% 63% 
improvement
F-value 4.655* 6.648*
p value 0.000 (S) 0.000 (S)
 Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Pre-treatment 3.889 ± 0.159 3.714 ± 0.159 0.610 0.410 (NS)
Post-treatment 4.710 ± 0.136 4.939 ± 0.136 1.422 0.234 (NS)
Percentage of
21.11% ↑↑ 32.91 ↑↑
improvement
F-value 5.996* 11.565 *
p value 0.000 (S) 0.000 (S)

Hemoglobin
Pre-treatment 10.78 ± 0.337 10.267 ± 0.337 1.161 0.290 (NS)
Post-treatment 12.647 ± 0.196 13.587 ± 0.196 11.529* 0.002(S)
Percentage of
17.3%↑↑ 32.33%↑↑
improvement
F-value 5.123* 8.987*
p value 0000 (S) 0.000 (S)
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, S= P<0.05= significant , NS= p> 0.05= not significant.

Inflammatory Marker - CRP

40 36.43
35 31.24
30
25
20
15 10.2
10 5.94
5
0
Control Group Study Group

Pre-treatment Post-treatment

Figure (2): CRP comparison between pre and post treatment for all groups

Chest Expansion
3.5 3.13
3
2.5 2.33
1.92
2 1.56
1.5
1
0.5
0
Control Group Study Group

Pre-treatment Post-treatment

Figure (3): Chest Expansion comparison between pre and post treatment for all groups
 Red Blood Cells RBCs
6
4.71 4.94
5
3.89 3.71
4
3
2
1
0
Control Group Study Group

Pre-treatment Post-treatment

Figure (4): Red Blood Cells RBCs comparison between pre and post treatment for all groups

Hemoglobin
16
13.59
14 12.65
12 10.78 10.27
10
8
6
4
2
0
Control Group Study Group

Pre-treatment Post-treatment

Figure (5): Hemoglobin comparison between pre and post treatment for all groups