2100 Specifying and Purchasing

Procedure

Abstract
This section outlines a suggested procedure for specifying and purchasing compres-
sors. The detailed sequence of steps is applicable to both large and small projects
and can be used by engineers at all experience levels. This is a general procedure
that does not address local practices or administrative and approval requirements. It
may be modified for local preferences or used as is.

Contents Page

2110 Introduction 2100-2

2120 Procedure 2100-3

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2110 Introduction
This procedure is a guide to assist engineers in specifying and purchasing compres-
sors. Generally, this procedure applies to small as well as large projects.
Note This procedure does not address local administrative and approval require-
ments. Engineers should determine these from their own organization.
Although many compressor purchases are straightforward, several aspects can be
quite complex, and involvement by a Company machinery specialist may be benefi-
cial. Consult a machinery specialist if:
• You are unsure of any steps.
• You need a recommended Vendor list.
• A post-award design audit should be conducted.
• Shop performance and mechanical tests are to be witnessed.
Section 2120 describes in detail the recommended steps for specifying and
purchasing a compressor listed below. Also included are two checklists, one for
centrifugal and one for reciprocating compressors, to assist in the selection and bid
process.
Recommended steps for specifying and purchasing a compressor:
1. List the user’s requirements and site conditions.
2. List maintenance considerations.
3. List physical and chemical properties of the gas.
4. Calculate and list the gas inlet and discharge conditions, including sidestreams
if applicable.
5. Select the compressor type (axial, centrifugal, reciprocating, or rotary).
6. Select the driver type.
7. Complete the compressor data sheet.
8. Select and/or develop the purchase specification.
9. Prepare a recommended Vendor list.
10. Obtain quotations.
11. Evaluate quotations.
12. Conduct bid clarification meetings.
13. Award the order.
14. Conduct design coordination, and Pre-Inspection meetings in the Vendor’s
plant.
15. Review rotor response reports and conduct a Design Audit meeting.

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16. Review Vendor drawings.

17. Coordinate a quality assurance surveillance program in the Vendor’s plant
(large projects only).
18. Witness mechanical and performance tests in the Vendor’s plant.

2120 Procedure
1. List the User’s Requirements and Site Conditions
Discuss requirements and conditions with the party who wants you to buy the
compressor (operating managers, project managers, etc.). He/she may have
strong feelings, based on experience, about one type versus another and may
want special features in the equipment train.
The user may have additional requirements. For example, safety and fire
considerations, space limitations, environmental factors or matching existing
machines could dictate the type of compressor to buy.
Finally, check with the user to determine the reliability of utilities available. For
example, is reliable cooling water readily available? If not, you may have to
specify air coolers. Is there adequate electrical capacity? Are emission controls
required?
2. List Maintenance Considerations
Maintenance considerations could influence:
– Compressor selection
– Manufacturer selected
– The type or Vendor for auxiliaries
For example, does maintenance stock spare parts, or do they rely on the
Vendor? If the quotations were otherwise equal, this may be the deciding factor.
The local maintenance group usually has some preferences which should be
considered. However, you should evaluate them to ensure a safe and cost-
effective installation.
3. List the Physical and Chemical Properties of the Gas
This includes site ambient conditions, unusual conditions, a complete gas anal-
ysis for each compression stage, and gas analyses for alternate services. Be sure
to list ranges if physical or chemical properties vary. It is important to list trace
substances in the gas such as H2S because they may greatly affect materials
selection and complexity of auxiliary systems.
4. Calculate and List the Gas Inlet and Discharge Conditions
This includes temperatures, pressures, mass flow rate, etc., for inlet, side-
streams, final discharge, and each stage or casing. Consider turndown or part
load operating conditions. The Compressor Profile Worksheet, CMP-EF-876

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can be used to log results of these calculations. Refer to Sections 100, 200 and
300 of this manual for detailed discussions. Initially, these may only be esti-
mates of the final operating conditions. They may need continual refinement as
the order progresses through the quotation and design phases.
If it becomes evident that a small process design change might save a consider-
able amount of money, the change should be referred back to the process
designer. In some cases the process design can be conservative, allowing a
substantial savings.
5. Select the Compressor Type
Refer to Section 150, “Application and Selection Criteria” of this manual for
assistance in compressor selection (axial, centrifugal, reciprocating or rotary).
Refer to Sections 200 and 300 to help confirm your choice for centrifugal and
reciprocating compressors, respectively.
6. Select the Driver Type
In process plant environments, electric motors are typically preferred because
of lower initial cost and higher reliability. Less costly and available utilities or
fuels such as steam or natural gas may dictate selection of steam turbines,
internal combustion engines, or combustion gas turbines.
Refer to the Driver Manual for additional information. Consult a specialist if
you have difficulty selecting the driver.
Driver selection depends on:
a. The utility most readily available.
For example, a natural gas engine may be used in areas where electricity is
not available.
b. Sparing considerations.
In process plants, an electric motor driven compressor is sometimes spared
by a steam turbine driven spare to accommodate a power failure.
c. Energy costs.
Energy costs are a major factor in evaluation of overall compression costs.
The cheapest utility may dictate the driver type. However, the cheapest
available utility may actually cost more when all things are considered.
The driver could be less-efficient than another type. The choice depends on
a net present-value economic evaluation.
d. Local preferences.
Pick the appropriate driver for your application. Complete the driver data
sheet (where applicable) and obtain the appropriate specification for inclu-
sion in the bid package.
7. Complete the Compressor Data Sheet
The type of compressor selected dictates which data sheet to use. For example,
for a heavy-duty reciprocating compressor, use the data sheet included in

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API 618. This material is located in the Specifications section of this manual.
(Figure 2100-1 lists the specifications, data sheets, and Industry Standards
included in the Compressor manual.)
8. Select and/or Develop the Purchase Specification
A detailed purchase specification should be developed consistent with the
complexity of the equipment to be purchased. If the compressor type selected
falls into a category covered by the specifications listed in Figure 2100-1, the
task is easier. If available, obtain a copy of the applicable specification without
comments (see Section 2010, “Specification Types and Uses”). This copy can
be used whole, or in part by deleting sections that do not apply to your unique
application. Make sure the “bulleted” (Ã) paragraphs of your tailor-made speci-
fication correspond correctly to the appropriate paragraphs in the industry stan-
dard and to items on the data sheet.
If the compressor type selected is not covered by a model specification, a
job-specific specification will need to be developed. Consult a Company
machinery specialist for help if needed. The CRTC Mechanical and Elec-
trical Systems Team in Materials and Equipment Engineering or other
Company engineering groups may have a specification on file for similar
equipment used on a previous project.

Fig. 2100-1 Compressor Manual Specifications, Data Sheets and Industry Standards
Compressor Type Model Spec. Industry Standard Data Sheet
Centrifugal MS-1876 API 617 Included in API 617
Reciprocating:
Heavy-Duty API 618 Included in API 618
Packaged High-Speed API 11P Included in API 11P
Lube-, Seal-, and MS-4762 API 614 Included in API 614
Control-Oil
Integral-Gear API 672 Included in API 672
Centrifugal Air
Process Fans and Blowers API 673 Included in API 673

9. Prepare a Recommended Vendor List

This is an important but often overlooked step. Extending a bid invitation to an
unacceptable bidder can lead to significant problems. Bids should only be
requested from those Vendors who are both technically and commercially qual-
ified to supply the equipment. Do not invite a Vendor to quote on your equip-
ment unless you are prepared to accept their bid. Keep in mind this list is only a
recommendation.
Purchasing is responsible for the selection of bidders invited to quote. This
includes consideration of their commercial qualifications (financial condition
past delivery performance, etc.) and quality assurance programs. However, you

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should recommend bidders for inclusion (or exclusion) when project, tech-
nical, quality or other considerations make it advisable. In such instances,
state the reason for your recommendation on the requisition form or in a sepa-
rate letter.
10. Obtain Quotations
Work through your local Purchasing Department to obtain quotations. Discus-
sions between engineers and suppliers’ representatives should be limited to
technical matters, except that estimated prices and deliveries may be obtained.
No firm or contract prices or deliveries would normally be discussed except in
the presence of a buyer from your Purchasing Department.
Make sure the Vendor fills out the rest of the data sheet. Vendors often use their
own data sheets which may be confusing, or omit valuable information. Data
sheets are important documents for both bid evaluation and as a permanent
record of the machine. This permanent record is very important to technical and
maintenance personnel.
Besides filling out the data sheet, the Vendor will provide prices, delivery, and
usually a list of exceptions to your specification.
The equipment guarantee is usually a part of the specification attached to the
QR. In cases where the specification does not include a guarantee clause, or
where there is no specification, and Engineering does not furnish a guarantee
clause, Purchasing will attach a standard guarantee form.
11. Evaluate Quotations
A “committee approach” to compressor quotation request review is often
useful. The committee may consist of the purchasing engineer, operating repre-
sentative, machinery specialist, QA engineer, and others, as appropriate. The
goal of the bid review is to achieve a thorough understanding of the Vendor’s
proposal. In particular, concentrate on technical aspects such as:
– Materials of construction
– Operating requirements and restrictions
– Energy efficiency
– Critical speeds
– Exceptions to specifications
– Testing and inspection
Note Due to the high cost of energy, particular attention should be paid to
operating costs.
It is easy to lose sight of the drive train, resulting in design deficiencies and
cost additions after placing the order. Therefore, a thorough review of the entire
train (drive train and driven equipment) must be made. Optional features for the
equipment train must be selected based on Vendor's quoted cost extras.
Before placing the order, be sure that all process conditions originally specified
in the quotation request are still correct. In many cases, process designs mature

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considerably during the bidding and bid evaluation stages. Also confirm that
startup, shutdown, and power-outage effects on process conditions are correctly
shown on the data sheets.
12. Conduct Bid Clarification Meetings
Prior to the award of the purchase order, bid clarification meeting(s) are neces-
sary for almost all large or critical equipment trains. The purpose of the meeting
is to:
– Review engineering details of what the Vendor has proposed.
– Discuss all exceptions to specifications.
– Obtain appropriate price adjustments to comply with specifications.
– Discuss how the Vendor proposes to coordinate the job if awarded.
– Agree to a schedule for the Vendor’s work (including drawing approval).
– Understand the detailed experience the Vendor can demonstrate on similar
equipment in similar applications.
Generally, each equipment Vendor is invited to the engineering office to clarify
a proposal. Also present may be project, design engineering, purchasing, oper-
ating, inspection and specialist personnel with equally responsible Vendor
representatives. The meetings usually last one-half to two days, depending on
the complexity of the equipment train, the number of different services
involved, etc. Use the checklists at the end of this section as a guide to cover
items in a bid clarification meeting. These checklists may also serve as a guide
during bid reviews.
13. Award the Order
The responsible engineer needs to prepare a complete requisition package (all
applicable drawings, list sheets, specifications, etc.) and forward it to the Mate-
rial Control Section or local Purchasing office. Consult a Purchasing represen-
tative for any needed assistance.
Instructions to Vendors should normally be in writing. Engineers should avoid
oral instructions to suppliers’ representatives which change the provisions of
the order, or which might affect the contract price or delivery date. If oral
instructions are absolutely necessary, they must be made in the presence of a
Purchasing representative and promptly confirmed by a revision to the requisi-
tion, and supplement to the Purchase Order.
It is a good idea to keep a written log of all communications (written or oral)
with Vendors, in case of future disputes.
Contact with suppliers’ representatives concerning equipment quotation
requests or purchase orders is arranged through the Purchasing Department.
14. Conduct Design Coordination and Pre-Inspection Meetings (complex or
critical trains only)
Design coordination meetings ensure the Vendor’s factory personnel thor-
oughly understand specification and Company requirements. They are normally

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held at the responsible Vendor’s office within four to eight weeks after place-
ment of orders for special purpose, critical and large equipment. The respon-
sible Vendor should arrange for any major equipment Sub-Vendor(s) to be
present. Company representatives should be similar to those participating in the
bid clarification meeting.
Prior to this meeting, communication with the Vendor will have been made
through their marketing representatives. Engineering capabilities of the equip-
ment may have been misunderstood or possibly misrepresented.
For some large, complicated or critical equipment trains, more than one coordi-
nation meeting may be needed. The first coordination meeting includes a
detailed line-by-line review of all data sheets for the equipment train, including
auxiliary systems. In addition, significant time is spent reviewing equipment
outline drawings, discussing proposed testing methods, discussing detailed
inspection and quality control requirements, and reviewing preliminary P&ID’s
of auxiliary systems. For equipment trains involving critical auxiliary systems
(such as API 614 type lube- and seal-oil systems), a second coordination
meeting is held within approximately eight to 16 weeks of order placement.
This meeting covers a detailed review of final system P&ID’s, auxiliary equip-
ment layout, access, etc.
It is usually convenient for the QA inspector to conduct a Pre-Inspection
meeting at the time of the first (or only) Design Coordination meeting. In this
meeting the inspector establishes all hold points and observation points for both
the prime and Sub-Vendor equipment items.
15. Review Rotor Response Reports and Conduct Design Audit Meeting
(complex, or critical trains only)
A Design Audit, usually conducted by a mechanical equipment specialist, is
held in addition to Design Coordination meeting(s) for large or critical equip-
ment. To resolve questions more efficiently, Design Audits are almost always
held at each equipment Vendor’s engineering/manufacturing facility when all
engineering is essentially complete, (i.e., rotor response reports are complete,
Campbell and Goodman diagrams are finalized for steam turbines, transient and
steady torsional analyses have been performed, and all engineering design
details of bearings, seals, rotors, impellers, etc., are finalized).
To minimize changes to equipment delivery schedules, hold Design Audit
meetings within six to 10 weeks after order placement. Also as an incentive to
complete engineering design in a timely manner, establish specific engineering
milestones with appropriate payment schedules. Otherwise, Vendors may
attempt to delay the timing of a Design Audit to freeze the design, insisting that
changes will cause delivery delays.
If specific areas need further clarification, advise the Vendor in advance that
detailed discussions will be held at the time of the Design Audit. Therefore,
prior to conducting a Design Audit, thoroughly review required rotor-dynamic
(lateral and torsional) reports, Campbell and Goodman diagrams, and
calculations. In cases requiring transient analyses (such as for synchronous-

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motor-driven equipment), the entire equipment train should be closely

analyzed. A careful understanding of the assumptions made, data used, and
sensitivity of results is strongly recommended.
16. Review of Vendor Drawings
Remember that the equipment is not isolated; it must be integrated into the rest
of the plant or installation. Be alert to interfaces between Vendor supplied
equipment and Company supplied equipment. To avoid Vendor claims of
missed delivery because of slow turnaround on drawings, keep a log of the
drawings indicating the date received and date returned.
17. Coordinate a Quality Assurance Surveillance Program (complex or crit-
ical trains only)
A quality assurance surveillance program is different (and separate) from the
inspection of the equipment, and can only be justified on large projects. The
purpose of the program is to ensure that the machinery system is fabricated
from the correct materials, within the specified fits and finishes, properly
assembled, balanced, piped and wired.
Selection of the right Quality Surveillance people for this job is extremely
important. They must be located at the Vendor’s plant to follow the job through
the factory, to get a good machine shipped on schedule and to avoid any hang
ups in the factory. They must be available so that no advance notice on the part
of the Vendor is necessary, and production does not stop. They must under-
stand mechanical equipment assembly and problem diagnosis, machining and
balancing, and also be capable of writing informative, periodic status reports. A
good working relationship with the Vendor's personnel is also important to
avoid antagonism.
Chevron has had good luck using people from its refinery and chemical plant
machine shops. Also, retired machine shop supervisors and experienced
consultants in machinery manufacturing and servicing have worked out well.
Contact Mechanical and Electrical Systems Team or IMI (CUSA Mfg) for
recommendations, if desired.
18. Witnessed Mechanical and Performance Tests
Equipment testing, together with in-plant inspection, has proven to be one of
the most effective methods of minimizing field startup problems. A machinery
specialist generally participates in shop performance and mechanical testing of
large and critical equipment items. Vendor shop testing is about the only
feasible method of uncovering major operational and design problems. Prima-
rily, the advantage is to minimize the possibility of transferring major problems
to the field which result in much higher costs, startup delays, unscheduled shut-
downs, and the need for costly field repairs and retrofitting. Another advantage
is the high degree of attention the equipment gets from Vendor management
and availability to Vendor technical expertise. These advantages are lost almost
entirely when a major problem occurs in the field. Once a piece of equipment is
paid for and shipped, Vendor interest decreases dramatically.

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One disadvantage of a Vendor shop test is the inability to simulate all field
operating conditions. In addition, shop tests are usually conducted for rela-
tively short periods of time (one to six hours depending on equipment
involved). This is sufficient only to identify major mechanical problems.
At least two months before starting shop tests, specific test agendas (proce-
dures) should be obtained from the equipment Vendor and carefully reviewed.
All pertinent test conditions, procedures and acceptance criteria should be
reviewed for acceptability and conformance to the purchase order and pertinent
test codes. It is critical that all aspects of the test be mutually agreed upon in
writing in the form of a final test agenda. This final test agenda must be
completed prior to the start of any testing program. Failure to resolve any
aspects will lead to disagreement and conflict on the test stand.

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR

1. Plant Layout and Site Conditions
Nozzle Orientation ______________________________________________
Arrangement and Location of Auxiliaries ____________________________
Area Classification ______________________________________________
Tropicalizing/Weather Protection __________________________________
Drains ________________________________________________________
Utility Conditions _______________________________________________
Steam ____________________________________________________
Electricity _________________________________________________
Water ____________________________________________________
2. Compressor Selection
Place of Manufacture ____________________________________________
Component Selection ____________________________________________
Casing ____________________________________________________
Impellers __________________________________________________
Guide vanes _______________________________________________
Diaphragms ________________________________________________
Bearings ___________________________________________________
Seals _____________________________________________________
Couplings _________________________________________________
Safety Mechanisms __________________________________________
Controls ___________________________________________________
Impeller Stage Layout in Comp Case ________________________________
Alternate Offers ________________________________________________
3. Indicate details of components or assembly which do not have at least two
years satisfactory operating experience in similar service.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR

(continued)
4. Compressor Performance
Final Process Conditions _________________________________________
Performance Curves _____________________________________________
Selection Curves ____________________________________________
Overall Curves______________________________________________
Air Operation _____________________________________________
Pressure Rise to Surge ______________________________________
Constant Pressure Stability_____________________________________
Curve Shape Guarantees_______________________________________
ICFM & Z Values____________________________________________
Sideload Pressure Level Guarantee _____________________________
Speed Tolerance to Meet Specification ___________________________
Max Surge Pressure and Case Ratings _____________________________
Horsepower Guarantees and Steam Rates ____________________________
Alternate Offers _______________________________________________
Run-in On Nitrogen ___________________________________________
Low Temperature Operation ____________________________________
5. Compressor Construction
Internal Layout - Gas Path - Space for Sidestream Flow ________________
Impeller Stress Levels __________________________________________
Critical Speeds ________________________________________________
Thrust Bearings and Loads ________________________________________
Journal Bearings and Loads _______________________________________
Coupling _____________________________________________________
Manufacturer _______________________________________________
Type ____________________________________________________
Hydraulic Fit _______________________________________________
Coupling Guards _______________________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR

(continued)
Thrust Disc __________________________________________________
Shaft Sleeves _________________________________________________
Materials ___________________________________________________
Allowable Flange Forces and Moments ______________________________
Flange Ratings and Facings________________________________________
X-Ray Quality Castings __________________________________________
Vibration ___________________________________________________
Noise Levels _______________________________________________
Dry Air Purge and Vents to Bearing Housings ________________________
Alternate Offers ______________________________________________
Flanged Casing Drains ___________________________________________
6. Lube- and Seal-Oil Systems
Vendor Schematics _____________________________________________
Major Equipment - Sub-Vendor List ________________________________
Compliance with API 614 _______________________________________
Separate or Integral Lube/Seal Oil System____________________________
Driver Lube and Control Oil Requirements ___________________________
Subcontracting of Consoles _______________________________________
Welding Standards ______________________________________________
Piping Standards ________________________________________________
Stainless Piping Downstream of Filters ______________________________
Seal Type: Contact, Labyrinth, Cone, etc. __________________________
Seal System Design Pressure ___________________________________
Seal System Overhead Tanks ___________________________________
Seal System Expected and Guaranteed Inner Seal Leakage_______________
Seal System Inner Seal Leakage Balance ____________________________
Heating Coils ________________________________________________
Buffer Gas Arrangements ________________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR

(continued)
Oil Cooler Materials __________________________________________
Oil Centrifuge or Connections for Centrifuge ________________________
Console Shop Tests (if no string test) _______________________________
Console Flushing and Clean Up ____________________________________
Low Point Drains _____________________________________________
Emergency Rundown Tanks _______________________________________
Filling Spare Filters and Coolers from Active Equipment Accumulators_____
Filter Design ∆P _______________________________________________
Reservoir Alarm Level _________________________________________
7. Instrumentation
Scope ________________________________________________________
Site Requirements ______________________________________________
Panels _______________________________________________________
Local Gage Boards ____________________________________________
Instrumentation Standardization __________________________________
Sub-Vendor List _______________________________________________
On Stream Testing of Protective Devices_____________________________
Thermowells __________________________________________________
Thrust Bearing Temperature Measurement ___________________________
Outer Seal Oil Flow Temperature Measurement _______________________
Vibration Probes Per API 670 ____________________________________
Instrument Lagging _____________________________________________
Surge Control Involvement _______________________________________
Tropicalizing/Weather Protection __________________________________
Terminal Boxes for Wiring _______________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR

(continued)
8. Shop Tests
Hydrotests
Division Plate _____________________________________________
Pressure __________________________________________________
Test Fluid _________________________________________________
API Mechanical Test ____________________________________________
ASME Performance Test _________________________________________
Procedure ________________________________________________
Re-number Correction _______________________________________
Curves Before Unit Leaves Stand ______________________________
Critical Speed Survey ___________________________________________
Seal Oil Flow and Leakage Rates ___________________________________
Internal Inspection After Test ____________________________________
Spare Rotor Testing _____________________________________________
Rotor Response Tests ___________________________________________
Noise Level on Test _____________________________________________
Impeller Shaker Tests ____________________________________________
“String” Tests __________________________________________________
9. Applicable Specifications and Vendor Comments
API 617 ______________________________________________________
API 614 ______________________________________________________
Vendor's Standard Specifications ___________________________________
Specifications Not Yet Commented On _____________________________
10. Manufacturing and Inspection
Radiograph Quality Castings _____________________________________
Repair of Castings
Compressors ____________________________________________
Turbines ______________________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR

(continued)
Piping Materials _____________________________________________
Welding Requirements __________________________________________
Head Welds ________________________________________________
Impeller Welding _____________________________________________
Impeller Cover Thickness Variation ______________________________
Shop Balance _________________________________________________
Plating of Shafts _______________________________________________
11. Miscellaneous
Tools and Maintenance Equipment _________________________________
Cradles for V.S. Comp. Internals __________________________________
Sound Enclosures _____________________________________________
Site Storage and Export Boxing ___________________________________
Spare Rotor Containers. Five Years Storage _________________________
Companion Flanges _____________________________________________
Preparation for Shipment _________________________________________
Alignment Provisions _________________________________________
Compressors ________________________________________________
Turbines _________________________________________________
Electrical Grounding of Baseplates _________________________________
Painting ______________________________________________________
Contract Maintenance ___________________________________________
On-site Balancing _______________________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR

1. Plant Layout and Site Conditions
Nozzle Orientation _____________________________________________
Arrangement and Location of Auxiliaries ____________________________
Area Classification _____________________________________________
Tropicalization/Weather Protection ________________________________
Drains _______________________________________________________
Utility Conditions
Steam ____________________________________________________
Electricity ________________________________________________
Water ____________________________________________________
2. Scope Major Components
Place of Manufacture ____________________________________________
Compressor ___________________________________________________
Motor Drivers _________________________________________________
Acoustical Simulation Study (Pulsations) ____________________________
Instrument Panels ______________________________________________
Capacity Controls ______________________________________________
Packing Cooling ________________________________________________
Cylinder Jacket Cooling System ____________________________________
Lube-Oil Consoles _____________________________________________
3. Compressor Performance
Review of Final Engineering Figures ________________________________
Verify Forces and Moments _______________________________________
Capacity and HP Data ___________________________________________
Motor Data:
Compressor, Breakway Torque and Torque-Effort Diagram __________
Frequency of Starts after Trip-out _______________________________
Speed and Torque Curve ______________________________________
Special Considerations for Startup and Shutdown ______________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR

(continued)
Capacity Control (Unloaders) ___________________________________
Clearances with and without Clearance Pockets ______________________
Guarantees - Valve Life and After Sales Service ______________________
4. Lube Oil System
Vendor’s Schematics _____________________________________________
Equipment Items-Description and
Make (Cooler, PSV’s, Filters and Pumps) ____________________________
Auxiliary Pump Startup __________________________________________
Lubricator (Type, Number of Feeds) & Location _______________________
Corrosion Protection (Pickling or Stainless Steel) _____________________
Motor Lubrication ______________________________________________
5. Cylinder Jacket Cooling System
Vendor Schematics _____________________________________________
Equipment Items—Description and Make ____________________________
Cooling Required when Cylinder Unloaded___________________________
6. Packing Cooling
Vendor's Schematics ____________________________________________
Equipment Items—Description and Make ____________________________
Type of Coolant ________________________________________________
Type of Packing ________________________________________________
7. Instrumentation and Electrical
Panel Requirement ______________________________________________
Protection Systems _____________________________________________
8. Piping
Extent of Fabrication ____________________________________________
Extent of Stainless Steel Piping and Tubing __________________________
Piping Materials ________________________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR

(continued)
9. Shop Tests
Cylinder Clearance Test _________________________________________
Witnessed Tests per Data Sheet __________________________________
Helium Leak Tests (Cylinder and Valves) ____________________________
Bar-Over Test and Acceptance Criteria _____________________________
Lube System _________________________________________________
Cylinder-to-Distance Piece-to-Crosshead-to-Frame Alignment ___________
Crank Shaft Web Deflection _____________________________________
Field Performance Test _________________________________________
Piston To Head Clearance Both Ends _______________________________
Rod Run Out _________________________________________________
10. Pulsation Dampers
Pulsation Effects on Valve Performance ____________________________
Assumed Pressure Drop per Performance Calculations _________________
Simulation Study Coordination ___________________________________
Sizing Guidelines for Preliminary Quotes ___________________________
11. Operation on Nitrogen or Alternate Gases
Rod Loads __________________________________________________
Valve Failure and Reversal ______________________________________
B.H.P. ______________________________________________________
Valve Performance (Different Valves Required?) ______________________
12. Nodular Iron Construction
Describe Where NI is Being Used __________________________________
Has Credit Been Taken for Increased Strength of NI Over CI Reducing
Material Thicknesses?
Describe in Detail. __________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR

(continued)
13. Rod Coating Requirements
What Type of Coating? _________________________________________
Coordination __________________________________________________
What Part of Rod is Being Coated? ________________________________
Inspection __________________________________________________
14. Discharge Temperature
Adiabatic vs. Actual ____________________________________________
Maximum Suction Temperature ____________________________________
Cylinder Maximum Allowance Temperature __________________________
15. Valve Design
Analysis Capability
(Impact Velocities, Flutter, Pressure Drop) _________________________
16. Miscellaneous
Distance Piece ________________________________________________
Shaking Forces _______________________________________________
Installation and Startup Supervision—Field Tests _____________________
Complete Frame to Foundation Mounting ____________________________
17. Indicate details of Component or assembly which do not have at least two
years satisfactory operating experience in similar service.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
18. Rod Loads
Rod-load reversal calculation showing adequate reversal on valve failures
should be presented for all operating conditions including unload condition.
This is required for all cylinders including those with more than one valve per
corner. Also include partial valve failure to show sensitivity of non reversal to
valve failure. Weak link in reciprocating assembly.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

December 1998 2100-20 Chevron Corporation

Compressor Manual 2100 Specifying and Purchasing Procedure

CHECKLIST FOR PURCHASING A RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR

(continued)
19. Noise Level Guarantee
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
20. The Exceptions to API and Chevron Specifications
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
21. Torsional Analysis
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
22. Motor Bearing Cantilever Design
Bearing Loading ________________________________________________
Shaft Alternating Stress Levels ___________________________________
Overhung Weight and Deflection __________________________________

Chevron Corporation 2100-21 December 1998