URDANETA CITY UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

#1 SAN VICENTE WEST URADANETA CITY
PANGASINAN

Lesson 12-2
OP-AMP Input Modes
and Parameters
DATE SUBMITTED:
March 20, 2020

SUMMITTED BY:
RODEL MARTIN CONSUELO
SUBMMITTED TO:
ENGR. LORENA ANGULO
  DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. INPUT SIGNAL MODES- RECALL THAT THE INPUT SIGNAL MODES ARE
DETERMINED BY THE DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER INPUT STAGE OF THE OP-AMP.
2. DEFFERENTIAL MODE- REFERS TO SIGNALS OR NOISE THAT FLOW IN
OPPOSITE DIRECTIONSIN A PAIR OF LINES.
3. SINGLE ENDED DIFFERENTIAL MODE- THE ONE INPUT IS GROUNDED
AND A SIGNAL VOLTAGE IS APPLIED TO THE OTHER INPUT.
4. DOUBLE ENDED DIFFERENTIAL MODE- A TWO OPPOSITE-POLARITY
(OUT OF PHASE) SIGNALS ARE APPLIED TO THE INPUTS.
5. COMMON MODE- REFERS TO SIGNALS OR NOISE THAT FLOW IN THE
SAME DIRECTION IN A PAIR OF LINES.
6. OP AMP- IS AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT THAT OPERATES AS A VOLTAGE
AMPLIFIER.
7. COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO- IS A DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER OR
A METRIC USED TO QUANTIFY THE ABILITY OF THE DEVICE TOREJECT
COMMON-MODE SIGNALS, THOSE THAT APPEAR SIMULTANEOUSLY AND IN
PHASE ON BOTH INPUTS.
8. OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN- IS THE GAIN OBTAINED WHEN NO OVERALL
FEEDBACK IS USED IN THE CIRCUIT.
9. MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING- WITH NO INPUT SIGNAL THE
OUTPUT OF AN OP-AMP IS IDEALLY 0 VOLTS. THIS IS CALLED THE QUIESCENT
OUTPUT VOLTAGE.
10. INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE- IS A PARAMETER DEFINING THE
DIFFERENTIAL DC VOLTAGE REQUIRED BETWEEN THE INPUT OF AN
AMPLIFIER, ESPECIALLY AN OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER, TO MAKE THE OUTPUT
ZERO.
11. INPUT BIAS CURRENT- IT IS A SMALL AMOUNT OF CURRENT THAT
FLOWS INTO OR OUT OF THE INPUTS IDEALLY IT IS ZERO. IT AFFECTS THE
INPUTS BY ADDING A VOLTAGE OFFSET EQUALTO THE CIRCUIT INPUT
RESISTANCE TIMES THE BIAS CURRENT.
12. INPUT IMPEDANCE- TWO BASIC WAYS OF SPECIFYING THE INPUT
IMPEDANCE OF AN OP-AMP ARE DIFFERENTIAL AND THE COMMON MODE.
13. INPUT OFFSET CURRENT- THE TWO INPUT BIAS CURRENTS ARE EQUAL
AND THUS THEIR DIFFERENCE IS ZERO.
14. OUTPUT IMPEDANCE- THE OUTPUT IMPEDANCE IS THE RESISTANCE
VIEWED FROM THE OUTPUT TERMINAL OF THE OP-AMP.
15. SLEW RATE- THE MAXIMUM RATE OF CHANGE OF THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
IN RESPONSE TO A STEP INPUT VOLTAGE IS THE SLEW RATE OF AN OP-AMP.
 SECTION 12-2 CHECK-UP
1. DISTINGUISH BETWEEN SINGLE-ENDED AND DOUBLE-
ENDED DIFFERENTIAL MODE.
-The single ended input is the most common configuration and the
non-inverting input varies above or below the grounded non inverting
input. The output is an inverted and amplified form of the input.
However, in the double ended configuration, the input varies both the
inverting and non-inverting input and the output is twice the input.
2. DEFINE COMMON-MODE REJECTION.
-The ability of a differential amplifier to not pass (reject) the portion of
the signal common to both the + and - inputs.
3. FOR A GIVEN VALUE OF OPEN LOOP DIFFERENTIAL GAIN,
DOES A HIGHER COMMON MODE GAIN RESULT IN A
HIGHER OR LOWER CMRR?
-A higher CMRR results in a lower common-mode gain.
4. LIST ATLEAST TEN OP-AMP PARAMETERS.
 Voltage follower
 Inverting op amp
 Non inverting op amp
 Non inverting summing amplifier
 Inverting summing amplifier
 Differential amplifier
 Integrator
 Op amp differentiator
 Converter current – voltage
 Negative resistance
5. HOW IS SLEW RATE MEASURED?
-  Slew rate is measured by applying a large signal step, such as 1V, to
the input of the op amp, and measuring the rate of change from 10%
to 90% of the output signal's amplitude.