1

ANI
NDUSTRI
ALTRAI
NINGREPORT
UNDERTAKEN

AT:
-

Kohi
noorEnt
erpr
ise,
Mehsana.

DURATI
ON:
-

01/
11/
2018TO15/
11/
2018

SUBMI
TTEDTO:
-

DR.
V.R.
GODHANI
YACOLLEGE

B.
B.A&B.
S.W DEPARTMENT

GUI
DEDBY:
-

Pr
of.Poonam pankhani
ya

PREPADBY:
-

Dhar
miKot
iya

2
 PERSONALI
NFORMATI
ON

Name : Dhar
mikot
iya

Academi
cYear : 2018–2019

Rol
lNo. : 15

CompanyVi
sit
ed: Kohi
noorEnt
erpr
ise

Col
l
ege : Dr
.V.R.Godhani
yaCol
l
ege,

BBA&BSW Depar
tment
.

Uni
ver
sit
y : Bhakt
aKav
iNar
sinhMeht
a

Uni
ver
sit
y

Dat
eofv
isi
t : 01/
11/
2018t
o15/
11/
2018

Semest
er : 6

Dur
ati
on : 15Day
s

Enr
oll
mentNo : 1101100496

3
 Dr
.V.
R.Godhani
yaB.
Ed.
Col
lege-
Por
bandar

[
Dept
.ofBBA&BSW]
(
ManagedBy:Shr
iMal
devj
iOdedr
aSmar
ak
Tr
ust
)
[
Aff
il
iat
edt
oBhakt
akav
iNar
sihnMeht
aUni
ver
sit
y]

CERTI
FICATE

Thi
sis cer
ti
f hatDh
yt ar
mikot
iya(
Enr
oll
mentNo.
11011600496)compl
eted heri
ndust
ri
alt
rai
ning r
epor
ton
Kohi
noorent
erpr
ise&madear
epor
tonapar
ti
alf
ulf
il
lmentof
B.
B.A.pr
ogr
am f
ort
heacademi
cyear2018-
19.

Thest
udenthasshowni
mmensei
nter
esti
nthesubj
ectand
t
hest
udywascar
ri
edoutwi
tht
otal
dev
oti
on.

Pl
ace:
Por
bandar
Dat
e:

Pr
of.Poonam pankhani
ya Ms.BhumikaTanna
(
Proj
ectGuide) (Di
rect
or)

4
5
 PREFACE
Iam t
hest
udentofBBA.BBAi
sthet
hreey
ear
cour
seofbusi
nessadmi
nist
rat
ion.Managementi
ncl
udes
pr
act
ical
studyandf
ort
hist
rai
ningi
simpor
tant
.Bot
h
t
heor
eti
cal
studyandpr
act
ical
areequabl
ycr
uci
al.

Asast
udentofBBASem-
6,anoppor
tuni
tyt
olear
n
pr
act
ical
studi
es.Thi
sst
udyi
ncl
udesi
nfor
mat
ionofa
company
,inf
ormat
ionofi
tsmanagement
,et
c.

Ther
efor
eIv
isi
tedKohi
noorEnt
erpr
ise,
Mehsana.I
hav
edonemyl
evel
bestt
ocompl
etet
hist
rai
ningr
epor
t.

6
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I,Dhar mikoti
ya,astudentof BBASem 6,heart
il
ythankf
ultoallt
he
personwhoar edi
rectl
yori ndi
rect
lyhav
ehelpedmet oprepar
emy
projectrepor
tandwit
houttheirhel
pIdon’
tthi
nkitwoul
dbecomesuch
fabulous.

Iwoul dthereforefi
rstofal lthankt oDr.V.R.
Godhani yaCollegef or
provi
dingmeanoppor tunityt
of l
ouri
shmyknowl edgeapar tfr
om theory.
Iam alsothankfultoProfPoonam pankhaniya.,whoi skindenought o
sharehiswonder fulideas,enthusiasti
c,cheerful,which prov
ed v ery
muchhel pf
ultomei nprepari
ngandr epr
esentsther eporti
nmuchmor e
bett
ermanner .Iwouldliketotaketheoppor tuni
tyt othankourdirector
si
rMr .
Bhumi kaTannaforhisguidanceandsuppor t
.

Iwoul dalsol i
ket othankMr .
DarshanPat el(
ManagingDirectorof
Kohinoorenter
prise)whoi nspit
eofbusyschedul ehasco-oper
atedwith
mecont inuousl
yandi ndeed,hisv aluabl
econt r
ibut
ionandgui dance
havebeencer t
ainlyi
ndispensabl
ef ormyprojectwork.

7
 DECLARATI
ON

I
,theunder
signedDhar
miKot
iya,st
udentofDr
.V.
R.
Godhani
ya Col
l
ege,Por
bandar
,st
udy
ing i
n BBA Sem-
6,
her
ebydecl
aret
hatt
hepr
ojectwor
kpr
esent
ed i
nthi
s
pr
ojecti
smyownwor
kandhasbeencar
ri
edoutundert
he
super
visi
onofPr
of.
poonam pankhani
ya.

Dat
e: Si
gnat
ure
Pl
ace: (
Dhar
mikot
iya)

8
 TABLEOFCONTENT

SERI
AL CONTENTS PAGE
NO.
NO.

1 Gener
alI
nfor
mat
ion 10

2 Mar
ket
ingdepar
tment 35

3 Concl
usi
on 50

9
10
 I
NDEX

SERI
AL CONTENTS PAGE
NO.
NO.

1 Companypr
ofi
l
e 12

2 I
ndust
ryov
erv
iew 13

3 hi
stor
y&dev
elopmentOfuni
t 14

4 Si
ze&f
orm or
gani
zat
ion 15

5 Ty
peofpr
oduct 20

6 Manuf
act
uri
ngpr
ocess 25

7 Or
gani
zat
ionst
ruct
ure 29

8 Ti
mekeepi
ng 31

9 Empl
oyeewel
far
e 33

11
.

COMPANYPROFI
1. LE

Name : Kohi
noorEnt
erpr
ise

Addr
ess : F/
1-6,
Ramkr
ishna
Mar
ket
,Mal
godown
Road,
Mehsana384225,
Guj
arat
.

Act
ivi
ty : Manuf
act
urerandSuppl
i
er

Empl
oyees : 50
Sl
ogan : “
You’
reHeal
thOurConcer
n.”
YearEst
abl
i
shed : 1996

Annual
Tur
nov
er : Rs.1-
2Cr
ore
St
andar
dCer
ti
fi
cat
e: I
SO9001:
2000

Websi
te : www.
Kohi
noor
ent
erpr
ise.
com
Phone : +919909430610
Emai
l : Kohi
noor
_pr
oduct
s@y
ahoo.
com

12
 2.I
NDUSTRYOVERVI
EW.

The Indi
an phar maceutical
smar keti
st he thir
dl ar
gesti nt er
msof
vol
umeandt hir
teent
hlar gesti
nt ermsofvalue,asperar eportbyEqui t
y
Master.Indiaisthelargestpr ov
iderofgener i
cdr ugsglobal
lywi ththe
I
ndiangener i
csaccountingf or20percentofgl obalexportsintermsof
vol
ume.Ofl at
e,consolidati
onhasbecomeani mportantcharacteri
sti
c
oft
heI ndianpharmaceut i
calmarketastheindustryishighl
yfragment ed.

Indiaenj
oysanimpor t
antposit
ionint heglobalpharmaceut i
calssector.
Thecountryal
sohasal ar
gepool ofscientist
sandengi neers
whohav ethepotenti
altosteertheindust r
yaheadtoanev enhigherlevel
.
Present
lyover80percentoft heant iret
rovi
raldrugsusedgl oball
yto
combatAIDS( AcquiredImmunoDef iciencySy ndr
ome)ar esuppliedby
Indi
anpharmaceuticalfi
rms.

Incept ed as a  Sole Pr opriet

orship 
firm i n the 1996,  
“Kohinoor
Enterprise”
 arerenowned  manuf acturer
 ofcommendabl earrayof Ortho
Crepe Bandage,Sur gicalDr essi
ng Bandage,.Locat ed at Mehsana
(Gujarat,India),
 
they hav e builtan ul tr
amoder ninf
rast
ructuralbase
wher e we manuf act
uret hese pr oductsi n bul
k.Underthe headshi p
of 
“Mr .Dar shanPat el"(Managi ngDi rector),
 t
heyhaveabl et oapt l
y
sati
sfyourcl ient
sandgai ntheirtr
ust.

13
 3.COMPANYHI
STORY&DEVELOPMENT

I
ntr
oduct
ion-
TheKohi
noorEnt
erpr
isecompanywasf
oundedi
n1996andi
ts
f
ounderi
sMr
.PankajPat
eli
sver
yexper
iencedmani
nthi
sfi
eld.Thi
s
v
isi
onandbusi
nessacumenhasmadeKohi
noorEnt
erpr
iseanamet
o
r
eckonwi
thi
nthesur
gical
indust
ryt
oday

Dev
elopmentofcompany
-
Asst
atedabov
e,t
hef
ir
m wasst
art
edi
n1996byMr
.PankajPat
el,
t
hechai
rper
sonoft
hef
ir
m asasmal
lbusi
nessandwi
thi
nshor
tspanof
t
imeachi
evedt
remendousgr
owt
hint
hebusi
nessduet
ohi
svi
si
onand
mi
ssi
on.
Dur
ingt
heear
lyst
agest
her
ewer
emanysi
mil
aruni
tsi
nthi
sfi
eld.
Gay
atr
iindust
ri
esandBr
iskgr
oupwer
ebi
gpl
ayer
sinf
iel
d,whi
l
ecl
ari
s
and di
spov
an Gr
oup wer
e al
so bi
g compet
it
ors.Todaydue t
o hi
s
const
antef
for
tst
hecompanyhasnotonl
ybeensuccessf
ulbuthasal
so
at
tai
nedt
remendousgoodwi
l
lsi
ncei
tiswel
lknownf
ori
tsquant
it
yof
pr
oduct
s.Today
,Kohi
noorEnt
erpr
iseasabusi
nessent
it
yisal
eadi
ng
f
ir
mint
hissect
or,
notonl
yinGuj
arat
,butal
soi
nIndi
aaswel
lasabr
oad.
The company has cent
ersf
orcol
l
ect
ing r
aw mat
eri
alsf
rom
Tami
l
naduandKar
nat
aka.

14
 4.SI
ZE&FORM OFORGANI
ZATI
ON

Smal
l scal
e Medi
um scal
e Lar
ge scal
e
i
ndust
ri
es i
ndust
ri
es i
ndust
ri
es

Ther
ear
emai
nlyt
hreesi
zeofi
ndust
rydi
ff
erent
iat
ion:

1.Smal
lscal
eIndust
ry
2.Medi
um Scal
eIndust
ry
3.Lar
geScal
eIndust
ry

“
Thecompanywi
tht
hei
nvest
mentf
rom Rs.25l
acst
o5Cr
ores
comesunderSmal
lScal
eIndust
ry.
”

“
Thecompanywi
tht
hei
nvest
mentf
rom Rs.5Cr
orest
o10Cor
ers
comesunderMedi
um Scal
eIndust
ry.
”

“
Thecompanywi
tht
hei
nvest
mentf
rom Rs.10Cr
oresormor
e
comesunderLar
geScal
eIndust
ry.
”

Kohi
noorEnt
erpr
isei
samedi
um scal
eindust
ry

15
16
 FORM OFORGANI
ZATI
ON

Ther
ear
emanyf
ormsofcompanyl
i
kepar
tner
shi
pfi
rm,
publ
i
clt
d,
pr
ivat
elt
d,et
c.

Kohi
noorent
erpr
isei
ssol
epr
opr
it
ershi
pfi
rm.

Sol
epr
opr
iet
orshi
piscal
l
edi
ndi
vi
dual
per
sonbusi
ness.I
t
canbedef
inesasaf
orm ofbusi
nessi
nwhi
chan
i
ndi
vi
dual
per
soni
nvesthi
sowncapi
tal
,useshi
sown
t
alentandexper
iencedeal
i
ngwi
tht
heaf
fai
rsof
management
,assumesal
lthet
hreatofbusi
nessandal
so
r
esponsi
blef
ort
her
esul
toft
heoper
ati
ons”
.E.
g.Gener
al
st
ores,
Baker
y,Har
dwar
est
ores,
Ser
vicest
ati
on,
Doct
ors
cl
i
nic,
andBeaut
ypar
lor
set
cal
lar
eexampl
esofsol
e
pr
opr
iet
orshi
p.Thesol
epr
opr
iet
orshi
pisaf
orm of
busi
ness,
whi
chut
mostpopul
ari
nal
lov
ert
hewor
ld.

Char
act
eri
sti
cofSol
ePr
opr
iet
orshi
p

1.Owner
shi
p:Theowner
shi
pinsol
epr
opr
iet
orshi
pis
hel
dbyasi
ngl
eper
sonwhor
unst
hebusi
ness.

17
2.Managementandcont
rol
:Oneoft
he
char
act
eri
sti
cofsol
epr
opr
iet
orshi
pist
hati
tis
managedbyownerhi
msel
f,duet
osmal
li
nsi
zeof
busi
ness.

3.Fi
nance:
Insol
etr
adershi
ptheownerhi
msel
f
managedcapi
tal
oft
hebusi
ness.

4.Ri
sk:
Int
hist
ypeofbusi
ness,
theownerhi
msel
f
r
esponsi
blef
oral
lther
isksoccur
sint
hebusi
ness.

5.Unl
i
mit
edl
i
abi
l
ity
:Oneoft
hechar
act
eri
sti
cof
sol
epr
opr
iet
orshi
pist
hati
tsunl
i
mit
edl
i
abi
l
ity
.The
owneri
sper
sonal
l
yresponsi
blef
ort
hedebtwhi
ch
i
soccur
redi
nthebusi
ness.

6.Legal
stat
us:
Int
heey
esofl
aw,
thecombi
nat
ion
ofsol
etr
aderandhi
sbusi
nessar
ecombi
ned
t
oget
herandt
reat
edasone.

7.Rel
ati
onshi
pwi
thcust
omer
s:Theowneroft
he
busi
nesst
ri
est
okeepgoodr
elat
ionshi
pwi
thhi
s
cust
omer
s.

8.Easeofdi
ssol
uti
on:
Oneoft
hei
mpor
tant

18
char
act
eri
sti
cofsol
epr
opr
iet
orshi
pist
hati
tcan
easi
l
ydi
ssol
veasl
i
kei
tsf
ormat
ion.

Adv
ant
agesofSol
ePr
opr
iet
orshi
p

1.Easeoff
ormat
ion.Themai
nadv
ant
ageofsol
e
pr
opr
iet
orshi
pist
hati
tcaneasi
l
ybef
ormedbyany
per
sonbyunder
takenanyl
egal
busi
nessf
or
ear
ningpr
ofi
t.
2.Sol
eaut
hor
it
y.Theowneroft
hebusi
nesshas
compl
eteaut
hor
it
ytodeal
wit
htheaf
fai
rsof
busi
ness.Hepr
epar
est
hepl
ain,
inv
esthi
smoney
,
super
viset
hebusi
nessandenj
oyt
hepr
ofi
t.
3.Sol
ecl
aim onpr
ofi
t.Theowneroft
hebusi
ness
r
ecei
vesf
ull
prof
itear
nedf
rom t
hebusi
ness.
4.Fl
exi
blemanagement
.Thesol
epr
opr
iet
ormake
pr
omptdeci
si
on,
incar
ryi
ngoutpol
i
cies,
changes
t
hemet
hodsofpr
oduct
ion,
reduci
ngori
ncr
easi
ng
t
hepr
ices,
oft
hecommodi
ti
es,
del
egat
ing
r
esponsi
bil
i
tieset
c.

19
2.TYPESOFPRODUCT

KOHI
NOORENTERPRI
SES
Pr
oducti
sany
thi
ngt
hatcanbeof
fer
edt
osat
isf
ya
wantorneed.Al
lpr
oduct
sar
epackedasperbuy
er’
s
speci
fi
cat
ions.

Themai
npr
oduct
sofKohi
noorEnt
erpr
isear
eas
under
:

 Or
thoCr
epeBandage

 Sur
gical
Dressi
ngMat
eri
al

 Wei
ghi
ngScal
e

 Wr
ist&ThumbSuppor
t

 Lumber
/backSuppor
t

 Gel
product
s

 Tr
act
ionSuppor
t

 Spl
i
nt&Br
aces

20
1.ORTHOCREPBANDAGE:

21
 1.
Sur
gical
Dressi
ngmat
eri
al:
2.
 Bandage

22
3.Ar
m Suppor
t:

 Ar
m Si
l
ingPouch

23
Abdomi
nal
Suppor
t

24
 4.PRODUCTI
ONPROCESS

1)OPENI
NGANDCLEANI
NG 5)DRYI
NG
2)WASHI
NG: 6)
LAPPI
NG
3)BLEACHI
NG: 7)
CARDI
NG
4)ALKALIREMOVI
NG: 8)ROLLI
NG

25
 9)WEI
GHI
NG&CUTTI
NG

(
i)OPENI
NGANDCLEANI
NG:
Rawcottoni
nbaleformi sopenedinCr ei
ghtonopener ,iti
s
l
oosenedanddustandot herparti
clesareremov ed.Thecot tonisthen
senttoKi er,
whereiti
ssteam boil
edf orabout3–4hour saf teradding
chemi cal
ssuchasCausticSoda, SodaAsh, Detergentsetc.This
tr
eatmentr emovesmuchofnat ural waxesandoi l
sandsof tensand
disi
ntegratesanyfori
gnmatterthatmayr emainaf t
ercleaningoper ati
on.

26
(
ii
)WASHI
NG:
Aftert
hecott
onisboi
l
ed,i
tisr
emov
edf
rom t
heKi
erandsendt
othe
tanksf
orwashi
ng.

(
ii
i)BLEACHI
NG:
Thewashedcot t
onisnotofgoodcol our.I
tist
herefor
ebleached
wi
thchemi calssuchasHydrogenPeroxideorSodi
um Hypochlor
it
e.The
bl
eaching notonlywhiten t
hecol ourbutalso i
mprov
esi t’
swet ti
ng
pr
operties and assi
stsin disi
ntegrat
ion ofany r
emai ni
ng forei
gn
mater
ials.

(
iv)ALKALIREMOVI
NG:
Thebleachedcott
onisthor
oughlywashedagaintor emovethe
chemical
s.A smallquanti
tyofdi
lutedsul
fur
icacidisalsoaddedt o
neutr
ali
ze excess al
kal
i
.The cott
on isthen passed t
hrough hy
dro
extr
actortor emovewater
.Itisthensentto awetcot t
onopening
machine.

(
v)DRYI
NG:
Thecottonsoopenedisthenpassedt hroughdri
er.Wheredr
ying
machineisnott her
e,t
hecott
onissubj
ectedt osundryi
ng.Thismet
hod
howev err
estr
ictsthecapaci
tyoftheuni tbesidesthecottonget
ting
mixedupwi t
ht hedust
.

(
vi)LAPPI
NG:
Aft
ert
hecottoni
sdr
ied,
iti
sagainsentt
othebl
owr
oom,
wher
eit
i
sthor
oughl
yopenedandmadeintol
aps.

27
(
vii
)CARDI
NG:
Thelapsarethenf
edi
ntot
hecar
dingmachi
ne,wher
ecot
ton
comesint
othinl
ayer
s.

(
vii
i
)ROLLI
NG:
Her epaperi
sinsert
edundert
hel
apsandt
hecot
toni
srol
l
edand
si
mul
taneousl
ycompressed.

(
ix)WEI
GHI
NG&CUTTI
NG:
Theroll
sarethenweighedaccordi
ngtotherequiredsi
ze.Thecut
r
oll
sarethenfur
therpackedi
napol y
thenerol
laf
terlabeli
ngandputt
ing
t
heweightmarkandthensendforfi
nalpacki
ng.

28
ORGANI
ZATI
ONCHART

Mai
nTy
pesofOr
gani
sat
ion

Ty
pe#1.Li
neorScal
arOr
gani
sat
ion:

Ty
pe#2.Funct
ional
Organi
sat
ion:

Ty
pe#3.Li
neandSt
affOr
gani
sat
ion:

Ty
pe#4.Li
ne,
Staf
fandFunct
ional
Organi
sat
ion:

Ty
pe#5.Commi
tt
eeOr
gani
sat
ion:

29
30
 Ti
mekeepi
ngsy
stem
Accur
atet
imekeepi
ngisoneofthemostcruci
alaspect
sofasuccessfulbusiness.Knowi
ng
howmanyhourseachemploy
eeworks,whentheyareschedul
edofforiftheyareonsick
l
eavecanbeachi
evedthr
oughonesyst
em.

Ot
herwise,or
gani
zati
onswi
llhavetoaccountforwastedti
meandmoney .Thi
sismor e
di
ff
icul
ttoaccompli
shwhenthatdataiscol
lectedf
rom faul
tysystemsandprocesses.
Pr
ofit
abil
it
yisat
tai
nablewi
thagoodt i
met r
ackingsystem i
nplace.

Ther
eisonl
yoneshi
fti
nKohi
noorent
erpr
ise,t
het
imi
ngsar
e
ment
ionedi
nthebel
owt
abl
e:-

MORNI
NGTI
MINGS 9AM –1PM

BREAKTI
MINGS 1PM –2PM

NOONTI
MINGS 2PM –6PM

31
 ADVANTAGESTOI
MPLEMENTI
NGA

TI
MEKEEPERSYSTEM
1)Or
gani
zat
ionst
hatv
aluet
hei
mpor
tanceoft
imekeepi
ngi
nthe
wor
kpl
acecanexpectav
ari
etyofbenef
it
sfr
om i
mpl
ement
ati
on:

2)
Reducedpay
rol
li
nfl
ati
on.I
ncr
easedcont
rol
overcl
ocki
ngi
nandout
pr
act
ices.Buddypunchi
ng,
“ear
lyi
n,
”and“
lat
eout
s”ar
esi
gni
fi
cant
ly

r
educed.

3)
Reducedspendi
ngonov
ert
ime.Labormanagementr
epor
ti
ng
i
mpr
ovesal
ongwi
thcont
rol
l
abl
eov
ert
imespendi
ng.Or
gani
zat
ionscan
expectt
osav
ehundr
edsoft
housandsofdol
l
arsf
rom adecr
easei
n
ov
ert
imehour
s.

4)
Reducedpay
rol
ler
ror
s.Dat
aaccur
acyi
mpr
oveswhenmanual
ent
ryi
s
nol
ongerast
andar
d

5)
oper
ati
ngpr
ocedur
e.

6)
Non-
quant
if
iedbenef
it
s.Thesear
eal
soachi
evedt
hroughi
mpr
oved
l
aboranal
ysi
s,andaneaset
oident
if
yingwor
kfor
ce-
rel
atedpr
obl
ems.

32
 5.WELFAREFACI
LITI
ES

Empl
oyee wel
far
e ent
ail
s ev
ery
thi
ng f
rom ser
vices,
f
aci
l
iti
esandbenef
it
sthatar
epr
ovi
dedordonebyanempl
oyer
f
ort
headv
ant
ageorcomf
ortofanempl
oyee.I
tisunder
taken
i
nor
dert
omot
ivat
eempl
oyeesandr
aiset
hepr
oduct
ivi
tyl
evel
s.

I
nmostcases,empl
oyeewel
far
ecomesi
nmonet
aryf
orm,but
i
tdoesn’
tal
way
sbendt
hatway
.Ot
herf
ormsofempl
oyee
wel
far
e i
ncl
ude housi
ng, heal
th i
nsur
ance, st
ipends,
t
ranspor
tat
ionandpr
ovi
sionoff
ood.Anempl
oyermayal
so
cat
erf
orempl
oyees’ wel
far
e bymoni
tor
ing t
hei
rwor
king
condi
ti
ons.

Kohi
noorent
erpr
isepr
ovi
desmealf
ort
hei
rwor
ker
,medi
cal
f
aci
l
iti
es(
forempl
oyees&t
hei
rfami
l
y),
vehi
cl
efaci
l
iti
es,
etc.

 Kohi
noorent
erpr
ise pr
ovi
des one t
ime mealf
ort
hei
r
wor
ker
.
 Theyal
sopr
ovi
demedi
cal
faci
l
iti
es.
 Onemont
hleav
epery
earf
ort
hewor
ker
.
 TeaandRef
reshment
.
 BonusonDi
wal
i
.

33
 Thei
mpor
tantbenef
it
sofwel
far
emeasur
escanbe
summar
izedasf
oll
ows:

1)
Theypr
ovi
debet
terphy
sical
andment
alheal
tht
owor
ker
s
andt
huspr
omot
eaheal
thywor
kenv
ironment

2)
Faci
l
iti
esl
i
kehousi
ngschemes,
medi
cal
benef
it
s,and
educat
ionandr
ecr
eat
ionf
aci
l
iti
esf
orwor
ker
s’f
ami
l
ieshel
p
i
nrai
singt
hei
rst
andar
dsofl
i
ving.Thi
smakeswor
ker
sto
paymor
eat
tent
iont
owar
dswor
kandt
husi
ncr
easest
hei
r
pr
oduct
ivi
ty.

3)
Empl
oyer
sgetst
abl
elaborf
orcebypr
ovi
dingwel
far
e
f
aci
l
iti
es.Wor
ker
stakeact
ivei
nter
esti
nthei
rjobsandwor
k
wi
thaf
eel
i
ngofi
nvol
vementandpar
ti
cipat
ion.

4)
Empl
oyeewel
far
emeasur
esi
ncr
easet
hepr
oduct
ivi
tyof
or
gani
zat
ionandpr
omot
eheal
thyi
ndust
ri
alr
elat
ionst
her
eby
mai
ntai
ningi
ndust
ri
alpeace.

5)
Thesoci
alev
il
spr
eval
entamongt
hel
abor
ssuchas
subst
anceabuse,
etcar
ereducedt
oagr
eat
erext
entbyt
he
wel
far
epol
i
cies.

34
35
SERI
AL CONTENTS PAGE
NO.
NO.

1 I
NTRODUCTI
ON 37

2 PRI
CING 38

3 Concl
usi
on 50

36
 I
NTRODUCTI
ON

Marketingisthest udyandmanagementofexchanger elat

ionshipsThe
AmericanMar keti
ngAssoci at
ionhasdefi
nedmarket
ingas" t
heact ivi
ty,
setofinsti
tut
ions,andpr ocessesforcr
eat
ing,
communicati
ng, del
iv
ering,
and exchanging of fer
ings thathav evalue f
orcustomer s,clients,
part
ners,andsocietyatlarge."

The t
echniques used i
n marketi
ng i
nclude choosing t
argetmar
kets
thr
ough mar ket anal
ysi
s and mar ket segment ati
on,as well as
under
standi
ngmet hodsofinf
luenceontheconsumerbehav iour
.
From asoci etalpoi
ntofv i
ew,mar keti
ngprovi
dest hel i
nkbetweena
society'
smat eri
alr
equir
ementsandi tseconomicpatternsofresponse.
This way mar keti
ng sati
sfi
es these needs and want sthr
ough t he
developmentofexchange pr ocesses and the bui
l
di ng oflong-t
erm
rel
ationshi
ps.

I
n Kohi
noorEnt
erpr
ise,t
he mar
ket
ing manageri
s const
ant
ly
updat
ingwi
thnewpr
oduct
swhi
chcanbebr
oughti
ntomar
ket&di
rect
s
t
hepr
oduct
ionper
sont
odoso.

Pr
ici
ngi
sthepr
ocesswher
ebyabusi
nessset
sthepr
iceatwhi
chi
twi
l
l
sel
li
tspr
oduct
sandser
vices,
andmaybepar
toft
hebusi
ness'
s
mar
ket
ingpl
an.I
nset
ti
ngpr
ices,
thebusi
nesswi
l
ltakei
ntoaccountt
he
pr
iceatwhi
chi
tcoul
dacqui
ret
hegoods,
themanuf
act
uri
ngcost
,the
mar
ketpl
ace,
compet
it
ion,
mar
ketcondi
ti
on,
brand,
andqual
i
tyof

37
pr
oduct
.

38
 I
NTRODUCTI
ON

Pr
ici
ngi
saf
undament
alaspectoff
inanci
almodel
i
ngandi
soneoft
he
f
ourPsoft
hemar
ket
ingmi
x,t
heot
hert
hreeaspect
sbei
ngpr
oduct
,
pr
omot
ion,
andpl
ace.Pr
icei
stheonl
yrev
enuegener
ati
ngel
ement
amongstt
hef
ourPs,
ther
estbei
ngcostcent
ers.Howev
er,
theot
herPs
ofmar
ket
ingwi
l
lcont
ri
but
etodecr
easi
ngpr
iceel
ast
ici
tyandsoenabl
e
pr
icei
ncr
easest
odr
ivegr
eat
err
evenueandpr
ofi
ts.

Pr
ici
ngcanbeamanual
oraut
omat
icpr
ocessofappl
yi
ngpr
icest
o
pur
chaseandsal
esor
der
s,basedonf
act
orssuchas:
afi
xedamount
,
quant
it
ybr
eak,
promot
ionorsal
escampai
gn,
speci
fi
cvendorquot
e,
pr
icepr
evai
l
ingonent
ry,
shi
pmentori
nvoi
cedat
e,combi
nat
ionof
mul
ti
pleor
der
sorl
i
nes,
andmanyot
her
s.Aut
omat
edpr
ici
ngsy
stems
r
equi
remor
eset
upandmai
ntenancebutmaypr
eventpr
ici
nger
ror
s.The
needsoft
heconsumercanbeconv
ert
edi
ntodemandonl
yift
he
consumerhast
hewi
l
li
ngnessandcapaci
tyt
obuyt
hepr
oduct
.Thus,
pr
ici
ngi
sthemosti
mpor
tantconcepti
nthef
iel
dofmar
ket
ing,
iti
sused
asat
act
ical
deci
sioni
nresponset
ocompar
ingmar
ketsi
tuat
ions.

39
Pr
ice-
120

40
Pr
ice220

Pr
ice700

41
Pr
ice590

PRODUCTNAME PRI
CE

Cr
epeBandage 120/
-

Wei
ghi
ngscal
e 700/
-

ar
m Bel
t 220/
-

Backsuppor
t 590/
-

Kohi
noorankl
eTr
act
ionki
t 126/
-

42
Fact
orsI
nvol
vedi
nPr
ici
ngPol
i
cy:
Fact
orsaf
fect
ingpr
ici
ngpol
i
cy

Pr
icedet
ermi
nat
ioni
sav
erydi
ff
icul
ttaskasi
tisaf
fect
edbyanumber
off
act
ors.Ther
efor
e,bef
oredeci
dingt
hepr
icet
hemar
ket
erhast
okeep
i
nmi
ndt
hef
act
orsaf
fect
ingt
hepr
ice.Fact
orsaf
fect
ingpr
ici
ngpol
i
cy
ar
edi
vi
dedi
ntot
wopar
ts:

(
I)I
nter
nal
fact
ors

i
)Mar
ket
ingobj
ect
ives:
themar
ket
ingobj
ect
iveoft
hepr
oductmustbe
kepti
nmi
ndbef
oreset
ti
ngt
hepr
iceoft
hepr
oduct
,thepr
oducti
sfor
hi
ghcl
ass,
middl
ecl
assorl
owercl
ass.

i
i
)Mar
ket
ingmi
x:oneoft
hekeyel
ement
sofmar
ket
ingmi
xispr
ice.
Ot
herel
ement
sofmar
ket
ingmi
xal
soaf
fectt
hepr
ici
ngdeci
si
on.Sot
he
mar
ket
ermustkeepi
nmi
ndt
hemar
ket
ingmi
xwhi
l
eset
ti
ngt
hepr
ice.

i
i
i)Cost
:Acompanymustkeepi
nmi
ndbot
hfi
xedaswel
lasv
ari
abl
e
costwhi
l
eset
ti
ngt
hepr
ice.

i
v)Or
gani
zat
ional
setup:
pri
ceoft
hepr
oducti
sdeci
dedby
or
gani
zat
ional
setup.I
nlar
gescal
eor
gani
zat
ionst
hepr
icei
sdeci
dedby
t
hepr
oductmanagerwhi
l
eint
hesmal
lor
gani
zat
iont
hepr
icei
sdeci
ded
byt
het
opmanagement
.

43
(
II
)Ext
ernal
fact
ors

i
)Mar
ketanddemand:
costoft
hepr
oducti
sthel
owerl
i
mitoft
hepr
ice.
Whi
l
ethemar
ketanddemandsett
heupperl
i
mitoft
hepr
oduct
.Sot
he
mar
ket
ermustkeepi
nmi
ndt
her
elat
ionshi
pbet
weencostpr
iceand
mar
ket&demandoft
hepr
oduct
.

i
i
)Compet
it
ion:
compet
it
ionaf
fect
sthepr
ici
ngdeci
si
onoft
hepr
oduct
.
Themar
ket
ermusthav
eknowl
edgeaboutt
heact
ivi
ti
esoft
he
compet
it
or.Fort
hissomet
imet
hecompani
esgof
orpr
icel
eader
shi
p,
whi
l
eot
hergoesf
orl
owpr
ici
ngdeci
siont
owi
peof
fthecompet
it
ion
f
rom t
hemar
ket
.

i
i
i)Ot
herenv
ironment
alf
act
ors:
theot
herenv
ironment
alf
act
orsal
so
af
fectt
hepr
ici
ngdeci
sionsl
i
ke:

a)Economi
ccondi
ti
onsoft
hecount
ryl
i
kei
nfl
ati
on,
def
lat
ion,
boom,
r
ecessi
onet
c.af
fectt
hepr
ici
ngpol
i
cy.

b)
Consumert
hinki
ngaboutt
hepr
oduct
.

c)Di
str
ibut
ionchannel
alsoaf
fect
sthepr
ici
ngpol
i
cy.

44
d)Gov
ernmentpol
i
ciesal
sohav
eanef
fectont
hepr
iceoft
hepr
oduct
.

Ther
efor
e,al
lthesear
ethei
mpor
tantf
act
orswhi
chaf
fectt
hepr
ici
ng
pol
i
cy.

Thepr
ici
ngoft
hepr
oduct
sinv
olv
esconsi
der
ati
on

oft
hef
oll
owi
ngf
act
ors:

(
i)CostDat
a.

(
ii
)DemandFact
or.

(
ii
i)ConsumerPsy
chol
ogy
.

(
iv)Compet
it
ion.

(
v)Pr
ofi
t.

(
vi)Gov
ernmentPol
i
cy.

45
 Ty
peofpr
ici
ngpol
i
cy

1.Pr
ici
ngataPr
emi
um

Wi
thpr
emi
um pr
ici
ng,
busi
nessessetcost
shi
ghert
hant
hei
r
compet
it
ors.Pr
emi
um pr
ici
ngi
sof
tenmostef
fect
ivei
ntheear
lyday
sof
apr
oduct
’sl
i
fecy
cle,
andi
deal
forsmal
lbusi
nessest
hatsel
luni
que
goods.

Becausecust
omer
sneedt
oper
cei
vepr
oduct
sasbei
ngwor
tht
hehi
gher
pr
icet
ag,
abusi
nessmustwor
khar
dtocr
eat
eav
alueper
cept
ion.Al
ong
wi
thcr
eat
ingahi
gh-
qual
i
typr
oduct
,owner
sshoul
densur
ethei
r
mar
ket
ingef
for
ts,
thepr
oduct
’spackagi
ngandt
hest
ore’
sdécoral
l
combi
net
osuppor
tthepr
emi
um pr
ice.

2.Pr
ici
ngf
orMar
ketPenet
rat
ion

Penet
rat
ionst
rat
egi
esai
mtoat
tr
actbuy
ersbyof
fer
ingl
owerpr
iceson
goodsandser
vices.Whi
l
emanynewcompani
esuset
hist
echni
quet
o
dr
awat
tent
ionawayf
rom t
hei
rcompet
it
ion,
penet
rat
ionpr
ici
ngdoes
t
endt
oresul
tinani
nit
ial
lossofi
ncomef
ort
hebusi
ness.

Ov
ert
ime,
howev
er,
thei
ncr
easei
nawar
enesscandr
ivepr
ofi
tsandhel
p
smal
lbusi
nessest
ost
andoutf
rom t
hecr
owd.I
nthel
ongr
un,
aft
er
suf
fi
cient
lypenet
rat
ingamar
ket
,compani
esof
tenwi
ndupr
aisi
ngt
hei
r
pr
icest
obet
terr
efl
ectt
hest
ateoft
hei
rposi
ti
onwi
thi
nthemar
ket
.

46
3.EconomyPr
ici
ng

Usedbyawi
der
angeofbusi
nessesi
ncl
udi
nggener
icf
oodsuppl
i
ersand
di
scountr
etai
l
ers,
economypr
ici
ngai
mst
oat
tractt
hemostpr
ice-
consci
ousofconsumer
s.Wi
tht
hisst
rat
egy
,busi
nessesmi
nimi
zet
he
cost
sassoci
atedwi
thmar
ket
ingandpr
oduct
ioni
nor
dert
okeeppr
oduct
pr
icesdown.Asar
esul
t,cust
omer
scanpur
chaset
hepr
oduct
sthey
needwi
thoutf
ri
ll
s.

Whi
l
eeconomypr
ici
ngi
sincr
edi
blyef
fect
ivef
orl
argecompani
esl
i
ke
Wal
-Mar
tandTar
get
,thet
echni
quecanbedanger
ousf
orsmal
l
busi
nesses.Becausesmal
lbusi
nessesl
ackt
hesal
esv
olumeofl
arger
compani
es,
theymayst
ruggl
etogener
ateasuf
fi
ci
entpr
ofi
twhenpr
ices
ar
etool
ow.St
il
l,
sel
ect
ivel
ytai
l
ori
ngdi
scount
stoy
ourmostl
oyal
cust
omer
scanbeagr
eatwayt
oguar
ant
eet
hei
rpat
ronagef
ory
ear
sto
come.

4.Pr
iceSki
mmi
ng

Desi
gnedt
ohel
pbusi
nessesmaxi
mizesal
esonnewpr
oduct
sand
ser
vices,
pri
ceski
mmi
ngi
nvol
vesset
ti
ngr
ateshi
ghdur
ingt
he
i
ntr
oduct
oryphase.Thecompanyt
henl
ower
spr
icesgr
adual
l
yas
compet
it
orgoodsappearont
hemar
ket
.

Oneoft
hebenef
it
sofpr
iceski
mmi
ngi
sthati
tal
l
owsbusi
nessest
o
maxi
mizepr
ofi
tsonear
lyadopt
ersbef
oredr
oppi
ngpr
icest
oat
tract

47
mor
epr
ice-
sensi
ti
veconsumer
s.Notonl
ydoespr
iceski
mmi
nghel
pa
smal
lbusi
nessr
ecoupi
tsdev
elopmentcost
s,buti
tal
socr
eat
esan
i
l
lusi
onofqual
i
tyandexcl
usi
vi
tywheny
ouri
tem i
sfi
rsti
ntr
oducedt
othe
mar
ket
place.

5.
Goi
ngr
atepr
ici
ng
Defi
nit
ion:TheGoing-Rat
ePr i
cingisamethodadopt
edbythef
ir
ms
wherei
nt heproducti
spricedaspertherat
esprevai
l
ingi
nthemarket
especi
all
yonparwi ththecompet i
tor
s.

Basical
ly,
thecompanysetsapr i
ceofit
spr
oductsandser
vicesi
nline
wit
ht hecompeti
tor
’spr
ices,andmaysometimeschargemoreorless
dependingontheval
ue,productoff
ers.

Goi
ngrat
epr
ici
ngisapri
cingst
rat
egywher
efir
msexami nethepri
cesof
t
hei
rcompet
it
orsandt
hensetthei
rownpri
cesbroadl
yinli
newiththese.

Goi
ngr
atepr
ici
ngi
smostl
i
kel
ytooccurwher
e:

t
her
eisadegr
eeofpr
icel
eader
shi
ptaki
ngpl
acewi
thi
napar
ti
cul
ar
mar
ket

busi
nessesar
erel
uctantt
osetsi
gni
fi
cant
lydif
ferentpr
icesbecauseof
ther
iskofset
ti
ngoffapri
cewar,
whichwouldreduceprofi
tstoallf
ir
ms

t
her
eisadegr
eeofcol
l
usi
ont
aki
ngpl
acebet
weenf
ir
ms

48
LI
STOFCOMPETI
TORSOFKOHI
NOOR
ENTERPI
SES

Compet
it
ioni
sther
ival
rybet
weencompani
essel
l
ingsi
mil
ar
pr
oduct
sandser
viceswi
tht
hegoal
ofachi
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ngr
evenue,
prof
it
,and
mar
ket
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egr
owt
h.Compani
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ri
vet
oincr
easesal
esv
olumeby
ut
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soft
hemar
ket
ingmi
xal
sor
efer
redt
oast
he
4P’
spr
oduct
,pl
ace,
promot
ion,
andpr
ice.

Maj
ort
hreecompanyl
eadst
otheKohi
noorent
erpr
ise.Ther
e
namear
efol
l
owi
ng:
-

Gay
atr
iIndust
ri
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Br
iskSur
gical

Vi
sccoSur
gical

Var
dhmani
ndust
ri
es

49
 CONCLUSI
ON

Theconcl
usi
onenabl
esy
out
orei
nfor
cet
hemai
nmessagesoft
he
document
.Thei
ndust
ri
alv
isi
ttot
heKohi
noorent
erpr
isewasa
wonder
ful
exper
ience.Thev
isi
twashi
ghl
yeducat
ional
andhel
pedone
t
ogi
venmeandept
hunder
standi
ngoft
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erydepar
tmentofi
ndust
ry.
Icamet
oknowaboutt
hepr
ocessusedf
ormanuf
act
uri
ngofcr
epe
bandageanddi
ff
erentt
ypesofpr
obl
emsencount
eredi
nit
.Iunder
stood
t
hedi
ff
icul
ti
est
hati
sfacedbymanagementofmoder
ncompani
esand
al
sost
udi
est
heway
stheysav
ethedi
ff
icul
ti
esandpr
obl
ems.

Iwoul
dli
ket
osayt
hatKohi
noorent
erpr
isehasv
erygood
r
eput
ati
oni
nthef
iel
dofsur
gical
product
s.Company
’swhol
est
aff
wor
kingwi
thf
ull
responsi
bil
i
tyandmor
eposi
ti
vepoi
nti
stheyar
enot
connect
edwi
thanyuni
onact
ivi
ti
es.

Cr ep,bandage,theproductoft
hecompany,i
susedf orall
chronic-l
eg
conditi
ons,vari
cosev ei
nsandthei
raft
er-
car
e,asapr essuredressi
ng
forburns,forskingr
af t
sandWheneverel
asti
csupportisneededf or
treatmentofstrain,
spr ai
nsandsi
mil
arcondi
tions.

50
 BI
BLI
OGRAPHY

1)www.
kohi
noor
ent
erpr
ise.
com

51