Systematic Identification and Reverse

Engineering of Fire Water Pipeline System

SECOND REVIEW PROJECT REPORT BY

Submitted by

BEPARI MOHAMMED JUNED ZAKIR HUSEN (410616219003)

BILAL HUSSAIN (410616219004)

FASITH AHMED (410616219005)

MOHAMMED MUSTAFA (410616219012)

Internal Guide:
Mrs. Yuvarani

Assistant Professor

Department of Petroleum Engineering

Dhaanish Ahmed College Of Engineering

Padappai
Abstract
Fire water system is essential for security system maintenance in every industry for safety
concerns and as immediate response during certain abnormal conditions. Usually industries loose their
engineering dossiers in time and they might have added various equipment and instruments to their
system. These sudden modifications done from time to time by the industry personnel cannot always be
noted and may result in causing hindrance to the operability of the industry.

Thus, a complete survey on the system is followed and reversed into engineering a diagram
representation with the help of software for observations.

Introduction
A firewater system is an active fire protection method, consisting of a water supply system,
providing adequate pressure and flow rate to a water distribution piping system.

It has four main sections:

• A supply of firewater. This can come from storage tank , fire water lagoon , or a natural water
bodies such as sea or a lake or river.

• A pumping system that provides a sufficient flow of water to extinguish the fire.

• A header network of pipes, often in the form of a ring main that transfers the water from the
pumps to the fire.

• Hydrants, nozzles, sprinklers, or other local devices for directing the firewater to the location of
the emergency.

Approach
• Since there are various components used for detection of fire and firefighting systems, firstly the
components are identified during the survey.

• A list of components include:

– Detection fire:

• Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)

• Primary and Backup Power supply

• Alarm initiating/Notification Device

• Remote Control and Display panels

 – Fire Fighting System:

• Alarm Check Valve.

• Butterfly Valve.

• Check Valve.

• Concealed Sprinkler Head.

• Control Valve.

• Dry and Wet Pipe Sprinkler System.

• Fire Department Caps/Connections.

• Fire Pumps.

• Fire Sprinkler Heads.

• Gauges and Hangers.

• Jockey Pumps.

• Post Indicator Valve.

• The identified components during the survey are compared with the existing p&id and if found to
be different, updation in the p&id is made accordingly.

• During the updation of p&id, the size of the component, exact location of the
instrument/component, type of the component and the standard dimensions of the components are
noted exactly and updated accordingly.
Fire Fighting system – Types

Wet Pipe System Wet Pipe anti-Freeze Dry Pipe systems Deluge Systems

Simple Design and Anti-freeze chemical Second Most common. All the sprinklers
Most Common. is used. connected to the
system are Kept open.

Auto Sprinklers and Pipes cant be kept Water is not present in Water is not present in
Alarm. above 40 F. the system until the the system until the
system operates system operates. Only
to slow the travel of
fire.

Automatic water Increasingly Cannot be used under To prevent pressure

supply (under ineffective (Reported NFPA regulations. reduction, “Deluge
pressure). to be completely Valve is added”
banned by 2022). and

Increased complexity.

Pre-action Systems Foam Water Water Spray Water Mist System

Sprinkler
System

Hybrids of wet, dry, and Mix of water and Operationally Creating a heat absorbent
deluge systems. low expansion identical to deluge vapor is primary objective.
foam. system.

Two main types- Single Flammable Covers 3d area Mist – droplets size of less
interlock (preceding fire liquids and containing than 1000 microns at min
detection system) and hangers. components or operation pressure of the
double interlock (preceding equipment. discharge nozzle.
fire detection system and
automatic Sprinklers).

Mostly used in Uses a compressed gas as

storage tanks to an atomizing medium,
prevent Bleeve which is pumped through
and fire spread. the sprinkler pipes.
Fire Detection System
• The Fire detection system consists of an AFCP (Fire Alarm Control Panel) – which is the brain of
the system, capable of making rapid decisions.

• The detection device detects the presence of smoke or particles of combustion and then alerts the
FACP about a problem.

• The four types of fire detector mechanisms are

– Heat

– Ionization

– Photoelectric

– Ionization/Photoelectric.

Benefits of P&ID
• They can be used to catalogue each of the component pieces of hardware used within a system.

• Offers a comprehensive overview of all the parts that are needed within the process flow and a
highly effective blueprint for current and future works.

• Possible operational issues with the current instrumental lineup can be found.

• They are a live-mimic diagram of real components to be displayed on graphical user interfaces of
large industrial control systems such as SCADA and Distributed Control Systems.

• It is also used majorly for risk studies such Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP).

Conclusion
• An updated p&id would improve the safety of the industry as the risk studies performed will be
up to date and all the risks would have been computed precisely.

• The updated p&id will provide easy integration with any graphical user interfaces for industrial
control systems such as SCADA and Distributed Control Systems.