i. + ioe * PARLIAMENTARY RULES 12 OF MOTIONS The correct use of motions depends upon one's know: ledge of the purpose of each motion and the rules governing it In midst cases, the purpose of a motion is evident from its terminology or phraseology, as in the following: to object to the’consideration of a question, to postpone a question definitely or indefinitely, to divide a question, to refer question t6 a committee, to appeal from the decision of the Chair, to reconsidér'a question, to raise a point of order or parliamentary inquiry, and the like. ‘The rules governing each motion, on the other hand, are, for thé most part, dictated by common sense and are self explanatory. These rules can be better understood and, therefore, properly applied, by knowing the basic character. istics of each motion, like the following: 1. Whether a motion can be made while someone has the floor; 4. Whether it can be amended; Characteristics of Moti ‘The yote it requires; The order of its precedence; To what other motions itcan apply What motions may apply to it; an Whether it can be renewed. PP wa wm ‘The answers to these nine items may vary somewhat in their relation toeach motion but they can be classified and summ rized under a few definite rules to provide a general bus. ground to assist in determining their applicability to each motion. e Can the Motion Interrupt a Speaker? Generally all motions can be made onlywhile noone has the floor because, asarule, once aspeakeris recognized, he’s entitled to the floor solong as he does not violate the rules of speaking, There are, however, certain motions which, because of their urgency, may interrupt a speaker. This exceptional class of motions cither require immediate disposition or are subject toa time limit that they must be proposed and decided promptly, otherwise they would be out of order. ‘The motions which require immediate attention are those which affect the rights and privileges of a member or the organization itself. They are: 1... Questions of privilege 2, Point of order ; 3. Point of parliamentar inquiry 4.Point of information A question of privilege involves the convenience, com- fort, right, or security of the organization, or any of its members. For instance, if the light coming through the window causes discomfort to some members, anyone of them may rise on.a question of privilege, even by interrupting a speaker, to request that the window be closed. (See Sec.'4, Question of Privilege.)Se ee ase PARLIAMENTARY RULES | ns ‘A point of order may interrupta speaker to bring tothe ce oe attention of the Chair any matter involving an error in | cine bniunahasineened Socios ofthe bposion golietie jpliance with, or in violation of, the ther business has intervened. Because of the imposition of Per ofthe organization. (See Sec. 24, Point of Order) | theft {See See 8, TeDacartarhseebhy ecfee 21, Ts Process i onganiain, (ae a on | the floor. (See Sec. 28, ToDivide the Assembly, and Sec. 27, To are stiended to promptlyif they are pertinent to the pending, “PS faon the sembly ha 7 orif they affect matters which must be decided even When the assembly has voted certain questions into eae te sBletion of a speech or the disposition of a special ordersand the program of business fails to take them pending question. Because of their urgency, both motions | Up at their appointed time, acall for the order of the day may Pe eee ap lao sapling Wapeakar® (orb See 25, ‘bemade even by interrupting a speaker because failure todo iy be ae sO Se, ain of efi. this would preclude the bringing up of the speciatorder atits Pri ‘Parliamentary Inquiry, : ‘designated time. (See Sec. 5, To Call for Orders of the Day.) ‘The other set of motions which can interrupta speaker, | Second’ because of the time limit prescribed for their proposal and Does the Motion Require. a. ? Asa rule, all moti fequire asecond, but there are some which donot because, tly speaking, they are not motions in the sense that they disposition, are the motions to: z Seeds aseriaiia ofa questior offer a proposal; they are classified as motions ei rece ee ec 5, Call for orders of the day eel 4 jeman ‘, Se ae those which ores ofthe ann, Theyre ‘Amotion to reconsider must be made on the day the vote was taken on the question sought to be reconsidered or, ioe 1 lotions Constituting a Demand or Request Inthe case ofaconvention,atitsnext meeting or business day. $ Con This motion is allowed to interrupt speaker because failure Division of the assembly 2. Division of a question Point of order Point of information any other time. (See Sec. 18, To Reconsider.) Point of parliamentary inquiry Discussion of a question may be objected tomake itwithin the time limit precludes its presentation at toat anytime x afterits presentation to the assembly but before any substan- . t si ccnmade a deliberation or before any . Reading of papers ‘other motion has been applied to it. For this ree: -n. it may Sdn tect bemade evenifsomeone has the floor. (See Sec. 28, To Object Laanere Consitting an Assertion of a Right or Prvi to the Consideration of « Question.) bs ann to the consideration of a qu sition ‘Amotion to divide the assembly, or to appeal from the a for orders of the day decision of the Chair should be made immediately after the in Question of privilege . fithdrawal of a motion 5. Change of vote resultofavote or adecision of the Chairhas been: announced,ee 102 PARLIAMENTARY RULES _ The motions listed above are generally decided by the Chair although in certain cases some of them require the decision ofthe assembly. Thus, ifamember, instead ofsimply calling out "Division!" formally moves for a division of the assembly, or where one moves to allow another to read Papers, asecond shall be required in each case, and both must be voted upon by the assembly. ds the Motion Debatable? Motions may be debatable or not The motions which can be debated upon are those that consist of substantive propositions requiring consideration by the assembly, while the undebatable ones are those which are procedural in character and are generally decided by the Chair. Debatable motions are subdivided into two classes: those that are entitled to a full debate and those that are allowed only,a limited discussion, Full debate opens the motion or question to a discussion of all its aspects, while limited debate confines the. discussion only to certain debat- able phases of the question. ‘The following motions are fullly debatable: 1. Main {notion 2 Toamend, ifappliedtoafully debatable question To postpone indefinitely a appeal less applied to undebatable ques- tionsorwhen related toindecorum, transgression of the rules of speaking, or priority of business. 5. Toreconsider 6. Torescind or repeal Main motions are subject to full debate because they present matters of business which require thorough exami- ‘tation and deliberation by the assembly. Since amendments tomain quisii>"s and toall other debatable motions neces: sarily dwell on the essential features of the principal questions Chatiactcristics of Motions © 103, themselves; it follows that motions to amend should likewise beopento full debate. ‘ on we «Fhe effectof 2 motion to postpone indefinitely 0 suppressor rejectthe question towhich the motion PP pi witout the benefit of a vote on the question itself. This necessarily irivolvesaninquiryintothe meritsofthe question sought to be suppressed, and for this reason, the motion to postpoiie indefinitely should be fully debated upon, open ingjasitdoes, theprincipal question to unlimited discussion. ‘An appeal from the decision of the Chair transfers the responsibility of the decision from the presiding officer to the ‘The presiding officer is entitled to explain his decision, while the:appellant has’ the right to argue the reasons for his appeal. In all likelihood, some members would supportthe Chair's decision, while others may hold the opposite view, and so a full debate becomes necessary to determine whether‘or not the Chair's:decision should be If the appeal, however, involves an undebatable in, the appéal is itself undebatable. The same rule when the: appeal relates to procedural questions, indecorum, transgression of the rules of speak- ty of business, ‘The motion to reconsider applies to main motions and amendments, while the motion to rescind is applicable only tomain motions: Both motions, if approved, reopen the main question to debate and, for this reason, are themsclve fully debatable. mecninatas Gan the Motion be Amended? Since the purpose ofamend- ment is to modify or alter a motion, it stands to reason that only such motions asare variable in form or capable of modi- fication can be amended. The motion "to limit the debate to thirty minutes,” for instance, ‘can be ‘modified to either increase or reduce the time limit. On the'other hand, aSe i ee 104 PARLIAMENTARY RULES | 7 motion to adjourn cannot be amended because there is ee ee 105 simply nothing modifiable in the proposition. ‘These two ! ‘4, To object to the consideration of a question examples illustrate a simple test to determine whether a 5. Toamend adopted constitutions, by-laws, rulesof motion can be amended or not. order, and standing rules. Main motions and motions to amend are fully amend- The motions for'the prevous quesuon and to limit a debate are both intended to restrict the right of debate, hence, the necessity of a two-thirds vote for their adoption. i e modified to suit individual preferences. In the following ences the y motions, however, amendments are restricted to the variable debate bec true with the motion to extend the limits of details of each proposition as correspondingly indicated: mame aside a previously adopted rule of the 1. To fix the time to which to adjourn - duration, fat ‘emo-thirdsvoteis needed tosuspendtherulesbecause effectivity, and place of adjournment. requiee, leviation from the rules of the organization. By 2. To postpone definitely ~ duration of posers” Sc eaioey ober os bis Purpose its believed shat ment and kind of order to be created by the postponement. which ‘hie aioe ‘amply protected from arbitrary measures pt Tomodify the imitsofdebate-timeelementand wich the msembly may decide to take by suspending the manner of limiting or extending debate. ste Seen = eee eetake a recess - duration and effectivity of a tworhirds vote beceuse ta ration of question requires recess. ks sree, t damental rightofai iotion transgresses the fun- eee ee pa soc is proporal for its considera ins before the assembly any comPsthecr motionscannotbeamended because eye re ini 2 Nom bs eitherrequests or demandswhich donotoffer| possibilities of — ‘of constitutions, by-laws, and nderaeeas ose modification. ¢ principle that since these bodies ct nwo ns on been adopted by the organisation an rues have already Whot Vole is Required? Subject to the rules of each tion would, in -— ae partite subsequent altera- organization, all motionsgenerally require: amajority vote for amendment, however, is applied to. general will. If the their adoption. The few motions, which demand a bigger rules of order which have Potrero ns a fae vote are those which seek to set aside ct tain fundamental like in ordinary cases, and requires on adopted, itis treated principle of parliamentary procedure or the rules of the same rule applies tothe amendment fveataes robe wine organizationsn:¢ ponst, therefore, be supported bymore than ‘out previous notice. ding rules wi 2 majority of the members. On this basis, the following ’ 7 motions, as a rule, require a two-thirds vote: A tworhirds vole is required to a special because it can interrupt any other business before the assem- 1. Tocall for the previous question ‘can int 2 Tomodify the limits of debate bly when its designated hour arrives excpt whi ‘o modify fogy imines Sens en the pend-206 PARLIAMENTARY. RULES What is its Order of Precedence? A full discussion.on the orderand rules of precedence of motions appearsin Chapter 14 of this book. ts : A knowledge of the order of precedence of motions is essential so that ome may know what motion isin order.atia particular stage of the deliberations, thus minimizing, ifnot totally eliminating, confusion in the proceedings... What Motions Can Apply to the Pending Motign?.The following rules generally determine what motions can be applied to a motion pending before,the assembly; 1... Allmotions.can be applied.to main motions and amendments except 0, object 16 the consideration of a question which cannot be applied toramendments and to mmittee reports. a oe. All_motions capable of modification, can. be ded. ‘ : vb amenee™ ‘ll debatable motions are subject 0 the snotions for the previous question and to modify the limits of debate. Hee eee Only main motions and amendments can be re- toa committees oe Only:main motions can be postponed. » &. The motion to objectito the'consideration of a : i i tions. sen'can be applied only:to main'mo! ee Every

coker Sr Procedure of Motions 4153 2. Ifthe motionis rejected, itmay notagain bemade on the same question unless it has been substantially modi- fied to make it new proposition: BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION TO POSTPONE DEFINITELY 1, _ It cannot be made while someone has the floor. 2, Itmust be seconded. 3. Itis debatable but only as to the proprietyand the time of postponement; itdoes not open themain question to debate, ¥ 4. Itmay be amended but only as to the duration of the postponement. 5. Itrequires a majority vote to postpone a question asa general order; two-thirds vote, as a special order. 6. _ Avote on this motion may be reconsidered. 7. Ittakes precedence over the motions to commit, amend, and to postpone indefinitely. 8. © Ityields to the motions for the previous question, to lay on the table, modify the limits of debate, and to all .d appropriate incidental motions. ji motions only. privileged an 9. reconsider, and withdraw. Section 10. To Commit or Refer Purpose To enable the assembly to secure a carefull and thor- ough investigation of question before itwithoutloss of time or of its right to finally decide the same.cana te ‘before the assembly ibe appotneed by the Char (r bythe be referred toa standing committee, 2 a.committce of the whole, depending ‘ofthe subject and the wish of the assembly. and C Reports in Part Two.) Procedure of Motions 155 ‘Aregular or standing committee is one'thathas amore or less permanent duration and whose members are ap- pointed for a fixed period of time, usually equal in length of the term of the officers of the organization. This type of ‘committee performsall kinds of work ofa particular class that may be submitted to it from time to time. A special committeais created to perform some special task. Itis automatically dissolved as soon as it has submitted. its reporton the question referred toit of has performed the work assigned it, unless it is given additional assignment. If a special committee is to be created, the motion should specify its purpose, the number and manner of select- ingits members aswell asitschairmay,, the type of reportithas to submit, and whatever instructions the assembly may wish the committee to follow or carry out. The Chair should see to it that these details are provided for either before or after the motion creating the committee has been voted upon. The committee of the whole consists of the entire assembly acting asa committee. Whgn the assembly resolves itselfintoa committee of the whole, the following procedure is generally adopted: ‘The presiding officer of the assembly appoints any member to actas chairman of the committee of the whole to. whom he surrenders the Chair temporarily. The chairman then calls the meeting to order and states the business before the committee (actually the assembly). As in other committee meetings, deliberations in the committee of the whole are conducted with a minimum of formality as the rules of parliamentary procedure are practi- cally dispensed with. There are, however, two motions that must be made and voted upon formally no matter howday foll the reconsideration of the vote on the ady elapsed, the committee may be dis- estion may be withdrawn from it mittee is discharged, the assembly may ‘Procedure of Motions 137 not consider anything involving the same or practically the same, question that has been committed. -- ‘Themotiontocommitcannotbe applied toasubsidiary motion, and neither canitbe laid on the table nor postponed except in connection with the main question. The motions for the previous question, toamend, and to modify the limits of debate may be applied to the motion to commit without, however, affecting the question committed. When a question is referred to a committee, it carries with it all adhering motions, but a motion to postpone in- definitely, if pending at the time of committal, is disregarded as it ceases to have any effect on the main question once it is committed. After a question has been acted upon by, or taken away from, a committee, it may be referred back to the same , committee or committed to another one. In either case, the motion is"torecommit" which is made in practically the same manner as the motion to commit. If a question is recommit- ted, any action previously taken on it by a committee is disregarded. The motion to commit is essentially a subsidiary mo- tion, made for the purpose of committing a pending ques- tion. Ifno question is pending, and amotionismade to create a committee to look into certain matters, say, "to assess the properties of the organization,” or "to investigate the causes offrequentabsences ofsome members,” the motions treated as, and is governed by the rules of, a main motion. Effects 1. __ If the motion is carried, the question, with all * adhering motions, is transferred from the assembly to the committee until the latter submits its report or is discharged.Procedure of Motions 139 Section 11. To Amend Purpose ‘To modify a question in order tomake itmore satisfac- tory to the assembly. Is there any discussion on the motion, as amended?. .. As many a3 are in favor of the motion, as amended, say Aye... ‘Those opposed, say No... The motion scarried, etc. (orlost). If the motion to amend is lost, the Chair states, instead, as follows: ‘The amendment is lost; the question is still on the motion as proposed: “thatthe treasurer be directed tosubmita financial report Is there any further discussion on the motion? 2. By ddimination or striking out PROPOSER: (upon recognition): Imovetoamend the motion by eliminating (or striking out) the word “exclusive.”motion is "to investigate Mr. Santos for his actu meeting,"an amendment! tosubstitute “inves vt d"oreven commend” would bein order. dment would be hostile to the objec: stion which, in this n, itisgermane to the que: Procedure of Motions 161 particular ‘case, is to express an opinion with regard to the conductof the subject member. However, ifthe amendment is"toadd the words, ‘and fine him for being absentin today’s meeting,’ " the same would:not be relevant to the question and should be ruled out of order. n ‘An amendment which merely negates the affirraative proposition in likewise out of order. Thus, ifthe motionis "to tend a delegation to the national convention," an amend- ment “not to send a delegation to the national convention,” would be out of order.. The same is true in the case of an amendment the effect of which is to change a motion into another form, as where a motion seeks to amend a definite time to an indefinite one. ‘When a motion has been amended in one respect, it may not be changed except by adding to it or by embodying it or the essential part of it in anew proposition. Once.anamendmenthas been adopted or rejected, the same, or substantially the same, amendment cannot be rein- troduced at the same meeting or convention unless the vote on the original amendment has been reconsidered, or the motion toamend withdrawn. Itisalso the rule that questions which have been previously rejected by the assembly cannot be brought up again in the guise of an amendment, and the amendments which leave no rational proposition or those which are frivolous and absurd are never in order. ‘Amendment are of two degrees or ranks. An'amend- ment to'a main motion or question is an amendment of the first degree, while an amendment to an amendmentis of the second degree. ‘The amendment of the first degree should relate di- rectly to the main motion, while: the amendment of the -163 ‘Amendment of Adopted Questions. Asarule, when amend- ments are proposed to questions already adopted, such as a constitution, bylaws, rules of order, and standing rules, they are considered and treated as main motions, requiring @ special vote which may be two-thirds or three-fourths, de- pending upon the rules of each organization. However, amendments to the provisions of a constitution, by-laws, and similar rules which have not yet been adopted require only a majority vote. (See Constitutions, By-laws, Rules of Order, and Filling Blanks. The method of filling blanks allows any number of members to propose, without need of second, different names or propositions for consideration by the assembly, subject to the rule that no one may offer more than one name or proposition for each place unless permitted by general consent or called for by the nature of the question under consideration. This system is commonly used when relation to a pending question. These suggestions are notPARLIAMENTARY RULES ae ts of one another but as independeny ‘voted upon successivelY: Incaseswhere more than one’ candidateisto be elected toan office, like membership on acommittee es an ottane number ofmames proposed is IeSs 7c" sual te the number of positions frames are offered, all nominees Bho = oot If the nominees exceed the number of jtions to be filled, each name is voted upon successively Peginning with the candidate Grsttobenominated unless the vote is taken by ballot. “Thé rues are the same when voting on various propo, tionzenceptthatin tis ease the votes akenin descending aie egianing with the argestsum, oF the longest se, or order ore scant date, unless itis evident to the Chair thata aoe ert order of voting isnecessary, the idea being to have aarp taken Brston the proposion thatis least likely tobe adopted. Effects 1, Ifthe motion iscarried, the amendment becomes apart of the question to which itis applied, and the business before the assembly is on the consideration of the question, asamended. If the motion is rejected, the same amendment 2. the same question exceptin may not again be introduced to asubstantially modified form. BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION TO AMEND 1. _ Itcannot be made while someone has the floor. 2. Itmustbe seconded. ‘Procedure of Motions 165 $. tis debatable except when the motion sought to be amended is undebatable. seo, _Itmay be amended upito the second degree. 5, Itrequires only.a majority vote even though motion towhich the amendmentis applied requires a differ- entvote. 6... Avote on this motion may be reconsidered. 7. Ittakes precedence over the motionit proposesto amend and the motion to postpone indefinitely. 8 Ityields to the motions for the previous question, to lay on the table, modify the limits of debate, postpone definitely, commit or refer, and to all previleged and appro- priate incidental motions. 9... Itappliesto any motion which may be variable in form. 10, It is subject to the application of all subsidiary motions (exceptto postpone) and the motions toreconsider and to withdraw. Section 12. To Postpone Indefinitely Purpose To suppress a question before the assembly without incurring the risk of having it come to a direct vote. Procedure PROPOSER (upon recognition): Imove thatthe motion before the assembly be postponed indefinitely. CHAIR (ifmotion isseconded): Ithasbeen moved and seconded to postpone indefinitely the motion before the assembly, Is there any discussion? . .. Are you ready for the question? . .. As many as are in favor of the motion, say Aye. Those opposed, say No. . . The motion is carried, etc. (or Jon).168 PARLIAMENTARY RULEs | Explanation the question. ‘The motion to postpone indefinitely is applicable only | tomain motions. Itis debatable anditopensthe main motion | to debate since an indefinite postponement, if approved, would have the effect of finally disposing the main motion. For this reason, members who have already exhausted their speaking time on the main motion may be allowed to speak again on the motion for indefinite postponement which, technically, presents a new question. Effects 1. Ifthe motion is carried, the question towhich itis Procaduure of Motions 167 2 Ifthe motion is rejected, it may not be applied to the same question again unless the latter is subsequently amended or substantially modified. BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION ‘TO POSTPONE INDEFINITELY |. Tteannot be made while someone has the floor. , It must be seconded. }. _ Itis debatable and it opens the main question to 4. Itcannot be amended. 5. — Itrequires only a majority vote. 6. _ Anegative vote on this motion cannot be recon- sidered. 7, It takes precedence only over the question to - which itis applied, das y uae . yi reconsider (affirmative vote), and withdraw. Section 13. Main Motion Purpose To bring before the assembly a substantive proposition for its consideration.Procedtere of Motions 169 Explanation discussion and decision. “Any business brought before the assembly should be in the form of a motion, otherwise, the Chair, technically, cannot bring the question before the assembly for consideration. ‘Main motions are of two classes, the general main motion and the specific main motion. General main motions cover a wide rarige of subjectsand they donothave particular names. ‘Specific main motions, on the other hand, are only eight in number, but because of their long and common usage, they have been given specific names, hence, the term specific main motions. (See Classification of Motionsin Part Three and Secs. 141019.) There are two ways of proposing a main motion, as illustrated above. One is done through the ordinary manner ofpresenting motions, and the otherisby reading prepared resolution. The latter procedure is advisable if the propos tion is a lengthy one. To avoid confusion in the minds of the other members, amotion should be framed in concise and specific language, and must be stated affirmatively. It would be improper, for ‘example, to propose "that we do not hold a convention this year," as this would require those in favor of the proposition to vote in the negative, and those against, in the affirmative. If itis necessary to propose amotion with a negative intent, it should beso constructed so as not to destroy the logic thatan affirmative vote expresses an affirmative desire. In the ex- ample above, the change in phraseology should be "that we dispense with the holding of a convention this year.”Procedure of Motions Section 14. To Take from the Table Purpose To resume the consideration of a question that has been previously laid on the table or set aside temporarily. Procedure PROPOSER (upon recognition): I move to take from the fable the quesdoe pertaining wo the purchase of new «++ Those opposed, say No... The motion is carried, etc. fe lost). If the motion is carried, the Chair continues: ‘The question pertaining to the purchase of new books for our library is now open for consideration. The secretary will please read the minutes pertaining to the question. Explanation Aqueition may be taken from the table atany time after floor at the same time, the other desiring to take a question from the table should promptly announce the nature of his* question upon 172 motion so th: member desiring (0 at he may, be.given priority Over @ny othe, propose anew main motion. When amot applied toitwhenit en ; a amele from the table is approved, should state the moto vent first, and have the assembly act on it before rsh and causing actionron the main motion. However, it ating ering motion is one limiting the debate, the later {he ig effectif the motionis taken from the table on the day losetie motion limiting the debate was adopted. If the ~ Uthering motion is to postpone the question to a definite ane the later is also disregarded if the question is taken fram’ dhe table after the time towhich ithas been postponed, The previous question, however, does notloreits effect the which it has been ordered is taken from the table at the same meeting or session. Inassemblieshaving regular sessions, or those in which meetings are held as often as weekly, monthly, or quarterly, the effectof the motion tolay on the table lasts only through the meeting or session following the one at which it was passed. Consequently the motion to take from the table can PARLIAMENTARY RULEg Apply only to questions which have been laid on the table | during the immediate preceding meeting or session. ‘The motion to take from the table cannot be reconsi- dered butit may be renewed repeatedly if lost, provided the motion for-renewal is made after the disposition of the business that followed the motion to lay the question.on the table. If the motion to take. from the table is carried, the question towhich ithasbeen applied may again be laid onthe table after there has been substantial progress in business. | i Procadsure of Motions: Effects 1. _Ifthemotionis carried, the question to whichitis applied is brought before the assembly for consideration in the condition in which the question existed when it was laid on the table. ° 2. Ifthe motion is rejected, the question to which it is applied remains suspended, but the motion may be re- newed at the same meetinig or session after the disposition of an intervening business. BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION TO TAKE FROM THE TABLE 1... It cannot be made while someone has the floor. 2. Itmustbe seconded: 5. Itis not debatable. 4, Itcannot be amended. 5. Itrequires only a majority vote. 6. _Avote on it cannot be reconsidered. 7. _ Ittakes precedence of no other motion except new main motion. 8. Ityields to all privileged and appropriate inci eee jan priate inciden- 9. Itapplies only tomain motions, amen pci! \dments, and 10. Itcanhave: ‘motion applied toi ae no other; applied toitexceptto174 PARLIAMENTARY RULES, Section 15. To Reconsider Purpose ‘Tosetaside the vote previously taken onaquestion and and vote. Procedure ther business is 1. (Ifmotion is seconded and no ot siness is pending): fusheen moved andseconded toreconsiderthe ote by which was passed (or lst) the question pertaining to the purchase of new books for our library. [ls there any Gisclusion?] ... The question ison the motion to reconsider Spposed, ny No. ” The motion is carried (oF lost). {urdnequestionsoughttobe reconsidered isundebatabe, the Chair omits the call for discussion] Ifthe motion to reconsider is carried, the Chair continues: ‘The question pertaining wo the purchase of new books for our brary is again open for discussion. The secretary will please read the motion. 2 (Ifthe motonisseconded and another business ispending): Ithas been moved and seconded to reconsider the vote bywhich was passed (or let) the question pertaining 10 (state question). The secretary will please make a note! the motion. Proceduse of Motions 135 Explanation ‘Through the motion to reconsider, the assembly may change its decision on a question which it may have acted upon inadvertently or injudiciously. ‘Some parliamentary writers claim that the motion to reconsider can be proposed only by one who has voted with the winning or prevailing side of the question sought to be reconsidered, whether affirmatively or negatively, on the assumption, nodoubt, thatsaid member could have changed his mind and would like toreopen discussion on the question and have it voted upon again. Experience, however, has shown how the purpose of this restriction can be defeated by the simple expediency of a minority member voting with the majority, and then claiming the right to reconsider the question - a parliamentary maneuver which can unduly tie up the progress of business. Besides, unless the vote is taken by roll call and the assembly isa small one, itis difficult, ifnot impossible, to ascertain how a member has voted on the question sought to be reconsidered, more so if the vote was taken viva voce. In the face of this problem, itis best that each organization adopt its own rule so that it may determine for itself who should be entitled to move for reconsideration; otherwise, any member should be allowed to doso, provided the motion is not abused. Jefferson's Manual holds this view which has been consistently upheld by the courts. ‘A motion to reconsider can be proposed only at the meeting where the question sought to be reconsidered has been decided, and in the case of conventions, on the next business day. Asarule, the motion to reconsider cannotbe applied to procedural motions, question that may be renewed within a reasonable time, questions which have been partly executedProcedure of Motions 7 The motion toreconsider hasahigh precedencein that it can be proposed while someone has the floor, or while ‘another question is pending, or even after it has been voted to ‘adjourn, provided adjournment has not been declared. However, the consideration of the motion has only the precedence of the question to be reconsidered, although it has priority over any new main motion. An exception to this rule is made if the motion to reconsider is introduced when no business is pending before the assembly in which case it may be considered immediately unless its consideration is Postponed to some definite time. Illustrations: (1) Ifamain motion is pending, a motion to reconsider the vote on another main motion may be introduced, but its considera- tion will have towaituntil the pending businessisdisposed of. (2) A main motion is pending, and a motion to commit it is proposed and lost. A motion to lay on the table is then presented, and is pending when a motion to reconsider the vote on the motion to commit is made. In this case, the motion to lay on the table, which ranks sixth in the order of precedence, must be acted upon first and if this is lost, the motion to reconsider is taken up next, ahead of the pending main motion, since the motion to reconsider in this particu. lar case enjoys the rank of the motion to commit which is sought to be reconsidered. If the motion to reconsider is carried, the Chair then calls for discussion on the motion to commit. The rule then is, if the motion that is sought to be reconsidered is privileged, subsidiary, or incidental, it must be acted upon first before considering the pending main motion, and itis incumbent upon the Chair to cause action ‘ "upon the motion to reconsider the moment the precedence reconsidered unless it has of the question sought to be reopened makes this possible. its first reconsideration so as. On the other hand, if the motion to be reconsidered is oi fi *< neither privileged, subsidiary, nor incidental, the Chairisnot obliged to bring the motion for reconsideration before the spresent notified of histion to reconsi say No (festatequestion),say Aye. Those opposed say No motion is carried (or lost). ir omit discus {tre quenion isundebatabl, the Chair omitsthe cll for son] Ifthe motion is reconsider is carried, the Chair continues as. follows: i ison the motion “that there be appropri- sate thon sand pesos ofthe organization to from the funds ganization sothes new books for our library.” Is there any discussion ‘on the motion?... etc. The motionis then treatedasifitwere’ introduced for the first Orme es reconsideration j the vote on an deration is sought of the nent of either rank after the main motion has been oi eee itis also necessary to reconsider the vote on the an question. The proper motion isas follows: Procedure of Motions = In the above example, the Chair takes a vote, first, on the ‘motion to.reconsider, then, if this motion is carried, on the amendment, and finally on the main question. The moment a motion to reconsider is proposed, no further action may be taken-on the question sought to be reconsidered until it is taken ‘up or its effect terminated. Effects 1, Ifthe motion is carried, the question sought to be Teconsidered is placed before the assembly as though itwere introduced for the first time. 2. _ If the motion is rejected, it may not be renewed with respect to the vote on the same question. BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION TORECONSIDER 1, Itmay be made even if someone has the floor o: ‘hile another question is pending. 2 Itmustbe seconded. 3... [tis debatable except when the question to be reconsidered is undebatable. Ifdebatable, itopens the main question to debate. 4. Itcannot be amended. 5. _ Itrequires only a majority vote regardless of the vote necessary to approve the reconsidered question. 6. Avote on this motion cannot be reconsidered. ‘7... The proposal of the motion to reconsider takes precedence over al! other motions but its consideration hassition): 1 move to iting for recognition): se jana reconsider He vol fost) the question pertaining to the \ding commitzees. “,PROPOSER (without ae or Oar eeconded): Ithas been moved and TAI Goin ee insera muon Feo secon i passed (or lost) the question Hr corunsanefootaanding cones The vecibiry will please enter the motion on the minutes. Explanation . = ji stersare divided on the advisability adopting tis moton as apart of parliamentary procedore Pecuuse’ while some consider it an expedient to correct the injudicious actions of the assembly, others ee in itan =o Procedure of Motions 181 malous parliamentary device by which atleast two members (one tomove and the other tosecond) can cause the suspen- sion ofaction on any decided question untilthe nextmeeting even though it be weeks or months away. For this reason, it isbestthat each organization should decide for itselfwhether or not to adopt this particular motion for its own purpose. ‘The motion to reconsider and have entered on.the minutes is customarily used when a question is decided in a manner thatwould not possibly reflect the will of the majority members were they present when said question was decided. Thisis bound to happen at meetingswhere there age present more minority. than majority members, thus enabling the former to constitute themselves into a temporary majority to. passmeasures which may nothave the support or sympathy of thereal majority. The remedy in sucha case is tohave entered on the minutes a motion to reconsider the vote on the controverted question because the effect of such motion, upon its mere proposal, is to suspend action on the question * until said motion is considered at the next meeting. Thiswill then enable the other majority members to be present and, perhaps, to help change the decision on the question when itis called for reconsideration, Itis obvious that the simple motion toreconsider is not properin this case asany member ofthe minority (temporary majority) may callup the question on the, same day that the motion to reconsider has been Proposed, Theeventual purpose of thismotion, however, issimilar tothatofthe simple motion toreconsider (Section 15), which is to reopen a decided question for discussion and have it voted upon anew, . It differs essentially from the simple motion to reconsider in that the motion to reconsider and have entered on the minutes can be proposed only on the days the vote to be reconsidered is taken, and it cannot be called up for consideration except at a succeeding meeting or, innthathas been decided 3 ition): Lmove oe ihe vole TE on pertaining to the os bj Bs : ioe s a motion to recon- sider aigaakes Rayaai (or lost) the question peat Stade aaiasee Srpaniization of outstanding committees. sas sere ope ene? Cv ction on the minutes. Gtic asi. ie 8 a Parlizinen tary writers are divided on the advisal g this motion as'a part of parliamentary progedhir while some consider it an expedient to correct Rrtcebaverdleseniiy chr vo inten 208 Procedure of Motions 181 ‘malous parliamentary device by which atleast two members (one tomove and the other tosecond) can cause the suspen- sion ofaction on any decided question untilthe nextmeeting, ven though it be weeks or months away. For this reason, it isbestthat each organization should decide for itself whether oF not to adopt this particular motion for its own purpose. ‘The motion to reconsider and have entered on the minutes is customarily used when a question is decided in a manner that would not possibly reflect the will ofthe majority members were they present when said question was decided. Thisis bound to happen at meetings where there ase, present more minority than majority members, thus enabling the former to constitute: themselves into temporary majority to Pass measureswhich may not have the support or sympathy of thereal majority. The remedy in suchacaseis to have entered ‘on the minutes a motion to reconsider the vote on the controverted question because the effect of such motion, upon its mere proposal, is to suspend action on the question * until said motion is considered atthe next ‘meeting. This will then enable the other majority members to be present and, Perhaps, to help change the decision on the question when itis called for reconsideration, It is obvious that the simple motion toreconsiderisnotproperin thiscase asany member of the minority (temporary majority) may call up the question on the same day that the motion. to reconsider has been Proposed. The eventual purpose of thismotion, however, issimilar tothatofthe simplemotion toreconsider (Section 15), which is to reopen a decided question for discussion and have it voted upon anew. It differs essentially from the simple motion to reconsider in that the motion to reconsider sad have entered on the minutescan be proposed only on the day: the vote to be reconsidered is taken, and it cannot be callea ¥p for consideration except at a succeeding meeting or, inProcedure of Motions 18s 5.» Novoteisrequired tohaveamotiontoreconsider entered on the minutes, but a majority vote is needed to approve the motion when it is taken up for consideration, regardless of the vote necessary to approve the reconsidered 6. _ Avote on this motion cannot be reconsidered. 7. The proposal of the motion to reconsider and have entered on the minutes takes precedence over all other motions, butits consideration has only the precedence of the question sought to be reconsidered. 8 Ityields to no other motion. 9. It applies to any vote on main questions and amendments, to an affirmative vote on the motion to post- Pone indefinitely, and to a negative vote on the motion to object to the consideration of a question. 10. ‘It can have no other motion applied'to it at the time it is made except to withdraw, but when taken up for consideration, it is subject to the application of the motions lay on the table, postpone definitely, modify the limits of debate, and withdraw. Section 17. To Rescind or Repeal Purpose Torender null and void a question previously passed. Procedure PROPOSER (upon recognition): I move to rescind (or repeal) the resolution (or question) passedin the last meeting (or at any time in the past) by which this assembly went on ,PARLIAMENTARY RULES v record being opposed 1 the: inchision of religions instruc. as iculum. jon in the collegiate CUrICN a Iehas been moved and passed in thelastmeeting i assembly went on TECOTE i i asaligiousinatruction in theco NCE pepeenomt tec oasense veal the resokwuon (CF yfor the secretary will please Tay discussion? ee ci s there any Tin favor ofthe motion to rescind A ‘Be seated. Those opposed, yestion) Fis «+» edo Nae wed. There being two-thirds in ‘same... Be seatec- e i Please 00 on scarticd (or There| peingafailure toobiai in. ae ‘motion is lost); a two-thirds vote, the Ifthe motion is carried, the Chair continues as follows: i sos.) passedin the last meeting (orat Teron anti yee ener any time in the past) 7g question), ishereby rescinded (or (eevee). The emery will please make the necessary ‘ePeion on the records of the organization. Explanation Any questi passed bythe assembly may be nullified in te ay Ait regardless of the time thathas elapsed since 88 js irretrievable has ded that nothing w! \doption, provi adopt Pinder the question sought to be repealed. been done under ie by any member, 1¢ question to be thatifaquestion ‘The motion to rescind may be mad but not at the same meeting at which th led was d. Itis the rule, however, a venched by ‘a motion to reconsider, the motion to rescind is out of order. In other words, a motion to rescind can only be proposed if the time to reconsider the question has already elapsed. Procedure of Motions 185 ‘A question may be rescinded with or without notice to theassembly. Ifnotice isgiven, itrequires onlya majority vote for its adoption, but if no notice is served, it requires a two- thirds vote or a majority vote of the entire membership. The notice must be given at a previous meeting, and it may be made while another question is pending but not when some- one has the floor. ‘The motion torescind may be applied to the votes on all main motions, including questions of privilege and orders of the day already acted upon, and tovotes on appeals, with the following exceptions: when, asa result of a vote, something hhas been done which cannot be undone by the assembly; when a resignation has been acted upon; or when some member has been elected to, or expelled from, membership or office, and has been notified to the effect. Whena question is rescinded, itis not stricken off from the records of the organization butanotation ofitsrescission ~ isentered on the minutes, on the margin beside the question that has been repealed. The motion to rescind does not invalidate any action already taken on the question but merely prevents any further action on it Effects _1. Ifthe motionis carried, the question to which itis ied is rendered null and void. 2. Ifthe motionisrejected, itmaynotbe renewed for the same specific purpose at the same meeting or session. BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION ‘TO RESCIND OR REPEAL ,, 1: Itcannotbe made while someone has the floor or while another question is pending. 2. Itmustbe seconded. 3. _ Itis debatable, and it opens the main question to‘ye6 PARLIAMENTARY RULES debate. ‘4, Iteannotbeamended, = 5. _Itrequires only a majority vote ifprevious notice ofthe motion is given, otherwise, trequiresa twothirds 7 ora mijrig vote ofthe entire membership. 6. An affirmative vote on this motion reconsidered. ‘. * motions. 7. Tetakes precedence over main - 8 Ityieldstoall privileged, subsidiary, and appropri incidental motions. e eee caps to main motions previously adopted, including questions of prvegeandordersoihe lay already d , and to votes on appeal. = Oe ei subject to the application of all subsidiary motions and the motion to withdraw. Section 18. To Expunge Purpose Toexpress strong disapproval toan action taken by the assembly and to have it rescinded. Procedure PROPOSER (upon recognition): Imove to expunge from the records of this organization the resolution (or question) passed in the last meeting (or atany time in the past) by which this assembly expressed itself against the recognition of the the resolution (or question) passed in the last meeting (or at any time in the past) by which this assembly expressed itself against the recognition of the employees’ union, The sec"e- Procedure of Motions 187, will please read the resolution (or question) referred to is there any dacunion?. Ar roany near in favor ofthe motion to expunge (restate question), please rise. ... Be ‘There being a failure to obtain a two-thirds vote, the motion islost). {lfontya majority vote s required, the Chair modifies the mannerof Putting the question and of announcing the vote.) If the motion is carried, the Chair continues as follows: Theresolution (or question) passed in the last meeting (or atany timein the past) by which thisassembly (state nature of action and question) is hereby expunged from the records of this organization. The secretary will please make the neces- sary notation on the records. Explanation To "expunge" means to strike or blot out which is how some parliamentary writers interpret the purpose of the motion treated in this section. Perhaps, it would be more appropriate to say that the actual purpose of this motion is merely to disavow a previous action of the assembly since itis not possible to strike or blot out an entry on the records and notleave anything to show what has been expunged. Besides, effacing or obliterating the entry would not spare the organi- zation from the embarrassmentit seeks to avoid because the minutes of the meeting at which the motion to expunge is introduced would somehow make mention of theinjudicious action or decision it wants to blot out. The motion to expunge is governed by the same rules and has much the same effect as the motion to rescind or repeal except that the former is employed not only to nullify aquestion but, atthe same time, toexpressstrongdisapproval to objectionable actions, and to’ indicate, as one writer puts it, eeied, the question towhich itis from thetime said questi to rescind or Procediee of Motions Section’ 19: To Adopt'a Report ©" Purpose To accept or agrée to a report as an official act of the assembly. Procedure 1. If the report is in the Order of Business . CHAIR: The assembly is now ready to hear the report of the commitiee on ways and means (or the committee created te study the plans for the clubhouse). Is the commit- tee ready to report? If the reporting committee member is ready, the: Chair directs him to read the reportafter which he hands a copy of itto the Chair. If the report calls for action by the a-sembly, the committee chairman or any other member may propose as follows: PROPOSER: (upon recognition): I move that the report be aidépted together with its resolutions (or recom- mendations). The Chair’ then states the question which is treated as a main motion. 2.» If the report is not in the Order of Business REPORTING MEMBER (upon recognition): The com- mittee to which was referred the question pertaining to our participation in the Philippines International Fair is ready to report CHAIR: Ifthereisnoobjection, the assemblywillnowhear the report of the committee appointed to study the question pertaining to our participation in the Philippines Interna- tional Fair. 3191 * Procedure of Motions No report miay be read if an objection is raised unless allowed by & majority vote ofthe assembly. If the assembly votes against its reading, another time should be set for the purpose, either by a majority Vote or by general consent Minority reports, containing the dissenting views of 2117 committee member or members, are presented to the assem blyafter the reading of the committee report, thatis, the one submitted by the majority of the committee. The reports member of the committee may or may not announce the existence ofaminority report; should he fail or choose notto make such announcement, any member may rise to call attention to the minority report, and thus oblige the Chair to have it read unless this is objected to, in which case a formal motion is necessary toallow itspresentation. Ifa majorityvote approves the motion, the minority report is read by any member who signed it, and the result is to place before the assembly two or more reports on a cor ubject. Under the circumstance, the assembly may vot majority report entirely except to consider it as a part of the discussion, and then proceed with the consideration of the ‘of business, the Chair calls majority report. sration arrivesand then Hines Ifno one moves toadopt areport, the presiding officer | ee i may take the initiative of putting the question before the aeriing member Digs | assembly, as follows: Chair in the manner shown ‘The question is on the adoption of the report of the committee on waysand means (or specify other committee). Isthere any discussion?.... etc. ‘The question is then treated as a main motion. This proce- dure is permissible since several members have signed the report thus giving it their approval. Once the question of adopting the report is brought before the assembly either by motion or by the Chair, the “PARLIAMENTARY RULES. tion of the rules of a main motion except tion cannot be objected to, The assembly may amend the report but such amendments affect only that which the assembly adopts, and not the report which must be recorded and published in its original form. Therefore, ifacommittee, for instance, recommends the expulsion of a certain mem- ber, but the assembly votes to substitute the word “expulsion” with “suspension,” the committee's original recommenda- tion stands although the decision of the assembly shalll pre- vail. Committee reports may be disposed of in any manner the assembly deems fit. A report may be merely filed away for future reference; or its consideration postponed to a future time; or it may be adopted, rejected, recommitted, or substi- tuted byanother report. (See ‘Committees and Committee Reports in Part Two) ‘The fact that a report has been read shows that it has, been received, hence, there is no need for a motion to that effect. Another common error is to vote to accept a report, which is equivalent to adopting it, when the real intention is merely to bring it up for the consideration of the assembly. Mistakes like these should be avoided to prevent misunder- standings and undue disruption of the proceedings. Effects 1. _Ifthemotioniscarried, itcommitsthe assembly to everything contained in the r 2, If the motion is reje the saine meeting or session un! it cannot be renewed at reviously withdrawn. Procedure of Motions 193 BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION TO ADOPT AREPORT 1, _ Itcannotbe made while someone has the floor or while another question is pending. 2 Itmust be seconded. 3. Itis debatable. 4. Themotiontoadoptcannotbe amended, butthe report itselfis amendable once it is brought up for conside- ration. . 5. _ Itrequires only a majority vote. 6. Avote on this motion may be reconsidered. _ 7. Tttakes precedence of no other motion except as indicated in the order of business. 8 Ityields toall other motions. 9. Itapplies to no other motion. 10. _Itissubject to the application ofall other motions except to object to the consideration of the question. Section 20. To Suspend Rules Purpose Toallow the assembly to do something which is forbid- den by the rules or some previously adopted orders of the organization. Procedure PROPOSER (upon recognition): a. I move to suspend the rules that interfere with the consideration of a motion to appropriate and send immedi- ately two thousand pesos to the fire victims of this town.PARLIAMENTARY RULES 194 ‘of business 20, the niles of our order of bt a i ‘of the auditor immediately. ir conti follows: If the motion is carried, the Chair continues as Chair, is now ready to mules are suspended. The : heat emodon for which the rules have been suspended. b. Therulesare suspended. The assembly isnow ready to hear the report of the auditor. Explanation tion is desi bly from the is motion is designed to free the assembly technialdesofitsown rules or previously adopted ieee that it may be able to act with dispatch on important and ent questions without violating its own constitution any bylaws or the fundamental principles of parliamentary law. those relating to ‘The rules that may be suspended are ; the order orpriority of business, business procedure, and like rules which are generally classified as standing rules or rules of order. Rules may be suspended either to have a main question considered or to take up aquestion thathasbeen postponed - Procedure of Motions 195, definitely or scheduled in the order of business for a later time. In any case, the suspension of the rules should be for a specific purpose and only for a definite period of time, Provisions of the constitution and the by-laws canhotbe suspended unless, in the case of the latter, the by-laws itself explicitly allows its suspension. No rule of the organization, however, may be suspended, even by general consent, if its effect is to protect absentee members. A rule, for instance, related to the fixing of quorums, or requiring notice of a motion to be given at a previous meeting, cannot be sus- pended by general consent or unanimous Vote as it will Protect members who do not give their consent. Neithei arule, requiring the vote to be taken by ballot, be suspended by general consent since it will inevitably expose a member's vote when he votes openly against the motion or objects to the giving of general consent. ‘The motion to suspend rules may be proposed at any- time when no question is pending, or even while a question is pending, provided ‘the suspension of the rules is for a Purpose ¢onnected with the pending question: No business, except those directly connected with the one for which arule has been suspended, can be considered durin, i sion loses its effect and the rule automatically becomes effective again. In practice, rules are suspended by general consent to, save time. When this method is adopted, the Chair, after stating the motion, and if no objection is interposed, directs the member making the requestto proceed with the business just.as if the rules had been formally suspended. If an Objection is raised, the Chair immediately puts the question toa vote in the manner shown above.196 Effects 1 tthe motion s caried, the businessforwhich the rule has been suspended is in order. 2. Ifthemotion isrejected, itmaynorberenewed for the same question at the same meeting. BASIC RULES COVERNING THEMOTION TO ‘SUSPEND RULES Itcannot be made while someor le a question is ’ tl purpose connected with the pending 1. may be made whil suspension is for a Itmust be seconded. 3. Itisnot debatable. 4, Itcannot be amended. 3 Ierequires a tworthirds vote or general consent it cannot be reconsidered. subsidiary motion, or any which it may arise. &. Ityields to all privileged and appropriate inci dental motions. ‘9, Itapplies to no other motion. 10. Itcanhave noother motion applied toitexceptto withdraw. Section “21. To Withdraw or Modify Purpose Toenable the proposer ofamotion to remove from the consideration of the assembly his own motion or to modify the same. Procedure of Motions Procedure: 1. [stated as'a request PROPOSER (upon recognition): Task (orreq leave owitntrne{ormnodif) my none. nie ate pom {utboutwaing fr tecond): ‘Mr. Francisco asks ‘requests, or begs) leave to withdraw (or modify) his” motion Isthere any objecon?... There beingno objection, he request is granted. The motion i withdrawn (or Me yrancisco may modify his motion). If et he . is a Xf an objection is raised, the Chair procecds, instead, as There beingan objection, ther i , the request will be puttoavote. ‘Are you ready for the question?. .. As many as are in favor of allowing Mr.Franciacotowithdra (ormodify) his motion, say Aye... Those opposed, say Na... The Ayeshave it; the request is granted (orthe Noes have it; the request is denied). 2. Ufstated asa motion to allow Mr. Francisco to withdraw (or modit i ify) his motion. Areyouready for the question?... As many asaroin favor he motion, say Aye... Those opposed, say No. . . The- motion is carried, etc. (orlost). ° ~ : Explanation = ae inl or modification of a motion may be th o without leave, depending at what stage of the proceedings itis proposed. If the request is made before i _ Tfthe requ the Chair has stated the a which is sought to be withdrawn or modified, the irawal or modification may be made at the proposer's198 pleasure, withoutleave. Ifthe requests rai m or modi has stated the motion, ee the assembly. Subject been amended, fied only if there is no objec! d motion, ‘even after it has bes ¢ sae nar any ime before ewe # ESD SR a aon: if there is none, the Teques a chicane ere eat, and the presiding officer an- Canc eam oa isobsserved if the requestis for 4 Chair, after announcing the result of the vote, aie? the Ch ae yaking the request 19 proceed Will the modifica tion, of his motion. 1 for modification is made, the member When a request (07 The motion may withdraw his sec- the motion is modified, it must be seconded that requires a second. .d to grantby gencralconsentthe ‘ofa motion, itis necessary for anew if itis one Ifany objectionis raise withdrawal or modification vi Chair to put the request to ayvote, OF, asan alternative, te cme other member of the proposer himself, to move to tore ne withdrawal or modification of the motion, as the case may be. ‘After a question has been divided, any part ofit may be d, subjectto the rulesmentioned above. withdrawn or modifie Withdrawal may still be allowed even if other motions affect- ing the main question are pending, of even ifdebate on it had been closed. Once 2 motion is withdrawn, it carries with it all the other motions applied, or pertaining, to it. . However, a Procedure of Motions 199 motion that has been withdrawn i ’ wn may be introduced again, vena the same mecting butit does not carry back with it Motions are withdrawn either to gi ° give way to a more ungent business or because they are considered unsuitable or untimely for consideration: On the basis of any of these reasons, the Chair or any other member may request the Proposer to withdraw his motion, this being a more tactful ‘way of avoiding a question than objecting tots consideration. Effects 1. __ Ifthe request towithdraw is gran ted, i tothe effetisearied,itiasifthe orginal question had not :n made, and any motion adhering toitislikewise removed from 7 consideration of the assembly. . Ifthe request to modify is granted, or amoti the effectis carried, the motion, as modified, continues te be before the assembly. in 3. _ Ifthe request or moti i oe ion to withdraw. ify i Sie ei arma er ost fe meeting or séssion except by unanimous consent. BASIC RULES GOVERNING ‘THE MOTION Tt WITHDRAW OR MODIFY A MOTION ° 1. It cannot be made while om ted d someone has the floor. = loes not require a second even if it is stated as 8. Itisnot debatable. A It cannot be amended. . _ Ifmade asarequest, it m: ay be allowed eral - consent. If stated as a motion, it requires a aesProcedure of Motions 201 iting Mr. Villa's request, say Aye. .. Those opposed, say Na BiThe Ayerhaveit; the requests granted (orthe Nosshave it; the request is denied). 2 [stated asa motion PROPOSER (upon recognition): Imovethat Mr. Robles beallowed toread (orto have thesecretary read) the remarks of Mr. Cruz on the minutes of the last meeting. CHAIR (if motion is seconded): Ithas been moved and seconded toallow Mr. Robles to read (or to have the secretary read) the remarks of Mr. Cruz on the minutes of the last, meeting. Are for the question?.., Asmany as are abies eoe ae .. Those opposed, say No... The motion is carried, etc. (or lost). Explanation Amember may read or cause to be read any paper, or document or extracts from a book during debates or delib- erations of the assembly, provided it is not objected to in which case it may only be allowed by a majority vote of the assembly. In prescribing restrictions, parliamentary law secks to prevent any member from reading any paper or document which may be of doubtful or questionable character, or the contents of which have been previously repudiated by the assembly. In practice, however, it is customary to allow members to read printed extracts as parts of their speeches without formal permission, provided they do not abuse the privilege, just asitis expected ofthe members of the assembly notto abuse the privilege of this rule by objecting indiscrimi- nately to the reading of papers or documents which are necessary toa speech. This parliamentary privilege may be obtained through asimple request by the member who finds need to read from many asare in favor ofPARLIAMENTARY, RULES | pene jocumentsare! When pap seer as aright to have them read debate or amendmen®, itshould be le member can a CO a complied with ifthe request or the motion and this ge of the assembly: Ifa member, in approneg been absent when a paper was ead, he cannot it read again except by gene : have Memb ix more important than that of it individual members If the reading of a paper vestion is made upon it the QU ana settings and must be first decided. is called for during a debate, 1, the question is incidental to Effects i the motion carried, 1. If the request is granted or whateveris read from the paper or document! becomesa part th of the member concerned. ae rihe request or motion is rejected, it may not be renewed with respect to the reading of the same paper again at the same meeting or session. BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE READING OF PAPERS 1. Arequest or a motion to read papers cannot be made while someone has the floor. 2. If stated as a motion, it must be seconded. 3. — It isnot debatable. 4. _Itcannot be amended. 5. A request to read papers may be granted by gen- eral consent. If the request is stated as a motion, it requires ‘Procedtire of Motions"! 208 a majority vote. ject 6. Avote on this motion may be reconsidered. 72." takes precedence only over the question under which arises. 8.” Ityields to“all privileged and appropriate inciden- tal motions 9... applies to no'other motion! 10,’ ' Itissubject'to the application of the motions tore- consider and to withdraw. Section’ 23. To Object to the Consideration of a Question Purpose To avoid the consideration, of questions which the assembly considers irrelevant, contentious, unprofitable, or objectionable, Procedure CAIROPOSER (without waiting for recognition): Mr. airman, I object to the consideration of the questio1 before the assembly. RSA Tee CHAIR (without waiting for a second): Objection has been raised to the consideration of the question now before the assembly. Are you ready for the question? .. . Those in favor of considering the question, please rise ... Be seated . «+ Those opposed, pleasedo the same... Beseated:.. There being a two-thirds vote in the negative, the objection is sustained; the question will not be considered. If the objection is not sustained, the Chair states, instead, as follows: Since the objection has failed to obtain a two-thirds vote, the jection is not sustained, The question will now be consid- ered.PARLIAMENTARY RULES — 204 Explanation which is tactless, frivolous, untimely, or Any questiog wm mmediately rejected by the sembly ay be ecessary m: . id i eens tgobjecttoitsconsideration hich madebyanymember. Ifthe question is so patently: is entirely beyond the scope of the assembly, the presiding a ticer mayrule the motion outoforder onhis own authority although his decision may be appealed to the assembly. ‘This motion can be applied only to main to communications, such as directives, letters, OF telegrams, provided they donote ate from abigher governing body. ii i i ‘ts or toame! Tnmocasecanitbe applied to commie Pon ortoamen ments to the constitution oF se, the motion to object to the ust be made soon after the butnotafter there has To accomplish its purpo: consideration of a question mt question has been stated by the Chair, \ teen considerable progress in debate on the question, OF afier any subsidiary motion has been applied to it- Inorderto sustain an objection to the consideration of aquestion, the prevailing vote must bein the negative rather thin in the alfirmative as in the case in most motions. Therefore, in ord assembly must deration. ‘Acommonerror in mostmeetingsisfor some members to shout "Objection!" as soon as some question is presented before the assembly. These cries of “Objection” are merely the spontaneous reaction of the members.to questions of which they disapprove, and should not be considered as a szotion tn object to the consideration of the question which mustbe stated formally. The Chair should, inst thi yer sonnet seman C guard against this motions and ler to avoid a question, two-thirds of the vote Noto sustain the objection to its.consi- ° Procedure of Motions 205 Effects 1. Ifthe objectionissustained, the question objected to may not be discussed or put. 2. If the objection is rejectred, it is as if ithad not been made, and the objection may not again be renewed on * the same question. ‘BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE MOTION TO OBJECT TO THE CONSIDERATION OF A QUESTION It may be raised even if someone has the floor. It does not require a second, Itis not debatable. Itcannot be amended. 5, -» Terequiresatwo-thirds negative vote to sustain the objection. 6. Avote sustaining the objection cannot be recon- sidered: __.7. _Ittakes precedence only over the question under which it arises. 8. Ityields privil date Ha ae yields toall, leged and appropriate inciden- 35 i: applies only to main motions. out Itcan have no other motion applied toitexcept to Sep Section 24. To Raise a Point of Order Purpose ‘ To call attention to an error in the observance or en- forcement of the rules of parliamentary procedure or those of the organizations.PARLIAMENTARY RULES 206 Procedoe son): Me Ca MEMBER (winot wang "Peon L. san oi ng foraezona aa spahat tne amendment not ; vendment is not germ the qu ore Cie and ee the pad ene ee aes. pve a son that the ameridment is germane ie oe is pe rs a ‘Those of a contrary opinion, $3 Tae von eye i; une amendment is declared germane 10 the question (or The Noeshave it; the amendment isruled order.) Explanation of order is raised to call the attention assembly to any mistake of the presiding office somber involving a violation of th procedure or those ofthe organizat a request that the error be correct well taken. A point rupta speaker or the taking of avote. It cannot be raised at any later time unless the ‘error involves a Violation of the con- stitution or the by-laws or an entry on the minutes of the ‘meeting. Procedure of Motions 207 When a member is raising point of order, it is not necessary for him to seek recognition as prescribed in other cases; he merely rises from his seat and says, “Point of order!” or'T rise toa point of order.” The presiding officer must rule on the matter at once since no business can proceed until the question of order has been decided. If any member is interrupted by the pointof order, he should sitdown until the question is disposed of unless it involves his right to hold the floor and the question of order is ruled against him. ‘The presiding officer may, on his own authority, rule any member out of order for disorderly conduct, use of improper language, or transgression of the rules of debate. He may choose to explain or togive reasons for his ruling, but his decision cannot be debated upon although it may be ‘appealed to the assembly for final judgment. (See Sec. 27, To " Appeal from e Decision of the Chair.) - Effects 1. _ IE the point of order is sustained, the error is corrected accordingly. 2. If the point of order is overruled, the business proceeds, and the same question i eee q of order cannote raised on BASIC RULES GOVERNING QUESTIONS OF ORDER 1. A point of order may be rai i y be raised E has the floor or while another question is pain ne on 2. It does not require a second. 1 is not debatable. ai: 4. i generally decided by the Chair. If the ques- e assembly, it requir jori «sustain the point of order. Mage tee-" paRLIAMENTARY RULES . ‘Avote on it cannot be reconsidered: 208 rover the question under 6 7, Ittakes precedence onl kash Ityields to all privileged io cedural |B Rape pr movonappidoieAeetS withdraw. Section 25. To Raise a Parliamentary Inquiry Purpose Tobeinforme law and procedure. Procedure MEMBER (without waiting for recogniti ):, Mr. Chair- rise toa parliamentary inquiry. | CHAIR (without waiting for asecond): State MEMBER: Whatvote is necessary to suspen don matters pertaining toparliamen ary a two-thirds vote of the ‘members present and voting. Explanation A parliamentary inquiry may be res information on, or clari pertaining to parliamentary procedure or the rule organization. Itvaries slightly from the request for informa: tion which is treated in the following section. 4 ‘Question on parliamentary procedure may be raised at any time, even if someone has the floor, especially if it requires an immediate answer. The speaker who is inter- be raised by any member fication of, questions Proceduré of Motions 3 209 rupted by a parliamentary inquiry should'sit down unt the question has been answered. Notwithstanding this privilege, no member should'internipt a speaker ‘if the inquiry can reasonably wait until the latter is finished. "Parliamentary inquiries are always’ directed t6, and answered by, the presiding officer although he may consulta parliamentarian, ifany, orsome other authority beforegiving his answer. While parliamentary inquiry must be answered at once, the presiding officer, ifhe feels that the question is not of immediate importance, may defer his answer until after the pending businessis disposed of or untilamemberis through with his speech. "Parliamentary inquiries, like other forms of requests, can be the object of abuse, and itis the duty of the Chair to guard against the unreasonable use of this privilege as a dilatory tactic or as a means to unnecessarily bother oF ‘embarrass a member who has the floor. Effects __, J: Whena parliamentary inquiryis raised, the pend- ing businessis interrupted until the presiding officer answers. the query or announces the deferment of an answer to it. 2, _ After a parliamentary inquiry has been answered or ruled out of door, it may not be renewed. BASIC RULES GOVERNING PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRIES 1. A parliamentary inquiry may be raised even if someone has the floor or while a question is pending. 2. Itdoes notrequire a second. 3. 4. 5. It requires no vote! itis answered by the Chair.SS E rns es 6, _ Ittakes precedence only over the 3 1B a» aa Tt yields toall privileged moson X Teappliestono other DOHOM, a, iexceptto 9. __Itcanhavenoother motion 4 withdraw. Section 26. To Raise a Point of Information : dion afy matter related to the pending To be inform: atier related business or to the assembly and its activine Procedure is di Chair she query is direded tothe Chair : 2 chimed coithout waiting for recognition): Me Chair rman Trise on a point of information (or rise for informa. tt) AIR (without waiting for a second): State your ques MEMBER: sai ish wo know ifthe question now pending before the assembly sin the order of business. ; em is Mime have we set for the adjournment of this meeting? ‘a. Yes, the question isin the order of business (orNo, itis notin the order of business). b. Adjournment has been set at five o'clock. 2. Ifthe query is directed lo a speaker MEMBER (without waiting for recogni man, I should like to ask the speaker a qu Speaker yield to a question?) Procedure of Motions 2i1 CHAIR: Is the speaker willing to answer the question (or Will the speaker yield to a question?) ‘SPEAKER: Yes (or No, or I prefer to answer the question after my speech). Explanation A request for information is similar to a parliamentary inquiry exceptthat the latteris restricted to questions pertain- ing to parliamentary procedure, while the former covers any question related to the pending business or to the assembly and its activities. Both are governed by the same rules. ___Itis the right of every member to be informed at all times of the question pending before the assembly as well as of matters pertaining to the organization, and itis the duty of the presiding officer to give out such information if he decides the request to be a reasonable one. A request for information interrupts the pending busi- ness until the presiding officer either answers the question or states that he will answer it later. Ittheq isto beasked of aspeaker, the procedure is as ted above, but both the question and the reply shouid be made through the Chair, thus: MEMBER: Mr. Chairman increase or reduce the ob! the proposal of the speaker 2 + MY pr decrease our obligations. I the maturity dates of our promissory is obvious that the request for information is more le to abuse than the privilege of parliamentary For this reason, the presiding officer should be on the alert against members who merely wish to annoy a speaker or who unduly interrupt the deliberations by asking impertinent questions.re FOR INFORMATION sib ‘ ai dhirtes: The same as those governing parliamentary inquiries : : (See Section 2.) 8 3% ‘hie the Decision of | ion 27. To Appeal from . Section 2’ Purpose decide ask the assembly to sade bythe presiding fier should be whether the decision upheld oroverruled. Procedure PROPOSER (immediately after andwithoutwaiting for recognition isi ir. - CHAIR prappeal Orne onded): The decision ofthe Chair hasbeen appealed from. Does Mr-Romero (or theappellan') ‘wish to state the reason for his appeal? thedetisionisannounced, ): Mr. Chairman, appeal te hi briefly. The ‘The appéllant may give his reason or reasons briefly. T presiding ‘officer may do the same with respectto his naling cither before or after allowing discussions on the appeal, if it Procedure of Motions : 28 isdebatable. After the debate, the Chair takes the vote on the appeal as follows: The question before the assembly ison the decision ofthe Chairruliag Mr. Romero'samendmentoutoforder. Are you ready for the question?... Asmanyasarein favor ofsustaining decision of the assembly (or The Noes haveiit; the decision of” the Chair (restate ruling) is reversed by the ruling of the assembly), Explanation Any decision made by the presiding officer may be appealed to the assembly whose decision on the matter is more orless final. The announcement of the results ofa vote and the answers to parliamentary inquiries and requests for information are not decisions of the Chair, and, therefore, are not appealable. Anappeal must be madeimmediately after the decision appealed from has been decided; if any other business has. intervened, itis notin order. the making of an appeal may interrupt a speaker, it cannot be made while another appeal is pending. ions of appeal. both the presiding officer and are free to explain their respective sides — the appeal. However, if g the appellant's argu- ments, is convinced that he decided incorrectly, he may change or reverse his decision. On the other hand, the appellant may withdraw his appeal if, after hearing the presid- ing officer's arguments, he is convinced of the correctness of the Chair's decision. In either case, the appeal is automati- cally dropped.proposed amendment is out o! isla : .d, the propeeed aoa a rpereaidon the table or pos the case may be, together with the appeal. Effects i jsion of the presid- 1. Ifthe assembly sustains the decision o! ing officer, teeta yeeemes the Binal [judgment of the | sProcadsere of Motions u as ‘amembly, and the appeal may not be renewed for the same Purpose. : 2, Iftheassembly overrules the decision of the Chair, the presiding officer is compelled to reverse the same. BASIC RULES GOVERNING APPEALS FROM THE DECISION OF THE CHAIR 1. An appeal may be raised even if someone has the floor but not while another appeal is pending. 2 Itmust be seconded. 8. Itis debatable except when the appeal relates to indecorum in behavior or debate, priority of business, or ifit .; arises out of an undebatable question. ‘4. Itcannot be amended. 5. Itrequires a majority vote to sustain the decision of the Chair. A tie vote sustains the Chair's decision even ifthe tie is created by the vote of the presiding officer himself. 6. __Avote on an appeal may be reconsidered at any time before action has been taken in accordance with the decision of the assembly on the appeal. 7. _ Ittakes precedence only over the question under which it arises, 8. Ityields to all privileged motions. 9. Itapplies to all decisions of the Chair. 10. _Itissubjectto the application of the motions tore- consider and to withdraw, and all subsidiary motions except toamend.To verify the vote taken O° ® more accurate count of the vote Procedure ) PROPOSER | (rithout waiting for recognition): ‘Mr. Chairman, [call for division; OF &Mr.Chairman, I doubt the vote; Or . _ Division! ji ): Division has juhout waiting for a second): : cen ue for Areyoureadyfor the question? -Thosein favor of the motion (state the motion to be vo! ease rise (orraise their righthands) ....Be seated (or aon) ‘Those opposed, please dothe same..Beseated (o ads down) There are 87 votes in favor and 88 agains motion is carried (orThere are 83 votes in, favor and 87 votes against. ‘The motion is lost). Bepbot ion to divide the assembly should not be con- fused sah the motion to reconsider. While the eventual purpose of both motions is to have a new vote taken on the pending question, the motion is divide the assembly, unlike the motion to reconsider, does not reopen the question to debate but simply obliges the Chair to recount the vote. In other words, the purpose of the motion to divide the assembly is merely to ascertain whether the Chair was correct-in determining the results of the vote, while that of the motion to reconsider is to find out if some members have changed their standon the question afterithas been rediscussed. (See Sec. 15, To Reconsider.) Procedure of Motions 217 A division of the assembly may be called for by any member who doubts the vote as announced by the Chair. If the presiding officer himself has any doubts about the vote, he may, on his own initiative, order a recount. Itisimproper to call for a division when the results of the vote are evident, and any member who abuses this privilege should be ruled out of order. The call for division should be made immediately after theresults ofthe vote have been announced, even ifsomeone has the floor, but before another motion has been stated by the Chair. Immediately after a call for division is made, the Chair should proceed to take another vote on the question, this time by adopting a more accurate method of counting is not necessary, however, thatan actual count be is evident that cither the affirmative or the negative has a distinct preponderance of votes. If the member calling for division desires to have the votes on each side counted and not merely estimated, or ifhe wishes to have the vote taken by roll call or by ballot, his hould be made in the form of a motion which is ‘dental to the main question. Assuch, itmustbe cannot be debated upon, and it requires a - When different methods of taking the vote are 3 id not be treated as amendments but like filling in blanks. (See Votes and Votingin Part Two.) Effects 1. Theresult of avote, after a recount, becomes the final decision of the assembly on the question at issue. 2. Acall for division cannot be renewed after ithas been reasonably denied.Assuime that the following question has just been intro- That the organization offer to clean the city park in Plant trees on J. Abad Santos Avenue asits contribution to the Lions’ Club city-beautification campaign. Procedure of Motions = ; 219 PROPOSER (without waiting for recognition): Mr. Chairman, Irequest that the motion just proposed be divided into two parts; first, amotion thatwe offer toclean the city park If an objection is raised, the Chair immediately puts the request to.a vote, without debate, as follows: above. However, if an objection to the request is raised, itis submitted to a vote of the assembly without debate. It may also be proposed formally as a main motion. A motion to divide the question can be applied only to main motions and amendments, provided the question. contains several parts relating to a common subject and that each partis capable of standing as a complete proposition if‘Procedure of Motions 221 hhavé beén read tnd considered independently, the presiding ‘officer calls for firther amendments to the entire proposi- tion, At this stage, amendments to the original provisions may be made Or new ones inserted. If no further modifica tions re‘ proposed, the Chair submits the entire proposi- tions, as simended, for the vote of the assembly. In the'tasé of a constitution, the preamble isconsidered Jast to ‘permic its aiendment to conform with its body. The same rule applies to resolutions or to any other document with respect to’its title or heading: Preambles and tides are not affected by a call for the previous question on the other Provisions of the constitution, by-laws, resolutions, and like documents, unless 56 specified. Effects ‘1 If the requestiis granted 6r a motion to the effect is carried, the Chair submits the question to the assembly in the manner it has been divi ob . Tethe request or motion is rejected, it is as if no such request or motion has been made, and the same cannot be renewed on the same proposition unless itwas Previously withdrawn, orseria- i byanymember through BASIC RULES GOVERNING THE DIVISION ‘hall be governed by the rules OF THE QUESTION 1. _A request or a motion to divide the question cannot be made while someone has the floor, 2 If made as a request, it requires no.second; if” stated as a motion, it must be seconded, 3... Itis not debatable. i 4, It. may be amended, but:the amendments are are Festricted to the manner of dividing the question and are ‘offered, ‘ie subsequent sections or paragraphs are read, treated as in filling blanks, ‘debated upon, and amended, one after another. After allProcedure of Motions 228 CHAIR (ifmotionis seconded): Ithasbeenmovedand Jos). {If no election is pending, the Chair omits the call for discussion on the | motion] om 2 Todose nominations , PROPOSER (oy pon recone): Lave toes the Re seated. There being two-thirds in favor, the motion is carried, and the nominations are closed (or There being a failure to obtain a two-thirds vote, the motion is lost, and ‘nominations are still in order). 3. To reopen nominations PROPOSER (upon recognition): Imovetoreopen the ' ao ee of preint ortate oe ofc). nations ~ To allow more nomina- seconded to reopen the nominations forthe office of presi To reopen nominations ~ T° : et : dent (or state other ffice). As many as are in favor of the + ~ tions fora particular office. 7 motion, say Aye... Those opposed, say Na... The motion is ‘ 7 carried; nomination: for president (orstate other office) are ced ‘ in order (or The motions is lost). 1, _ To propose method of nomination ‘Explanation PROPOSER (upon recognition) eB : a Ifancléctionis pending: I move that nominations Method of Nomination. If the by-laws of the organization for all the offices be made from the floor (or by ballot). do not prescribe the method of making nominations, any 2B." Sf no dlction is pending. Tove that in the next member maymove forthe adoption of any of the accepted i : (orby ballot, or by a nominating committee). ;te Reopening Nominations. At any time after the nomina- tions are declared closed, but before voting has actually began, nominations for a particular office may be reopened througti'@imotion’to that effect. It being incidental to the pétiding’ Cléction, tie motion is unidebatable but may be andtaded ad to time, ifany time clement s involved. 2... To lose nominations. fue 3 fi cuont pisc a Ifthe motion is carried, no further nominations, ‘can be accepted for the position covered by the motion. b, _ Ifthemotionisrejected, further nominations may, ‘be made but the motion may be renewed from time to time. 3. Toreopen nominations a. Ifthe motionis carried, further nominations may be made afier they have been closed. ; b. Ifthe motionisrejected, the nominations remain closed and the motion cannot be renewed for the same BASIC RULES GOVERNING MOTIONS RELATING TONOMINATIONS |: ° To propose method of nomination . 1, It cannot be proposed while someone has the floor. 2 Itmust be seconded. Wot 8. If made while an election is pending, it is not debatable; if no election is pending, it is treated as a main motion and may be debated upon. 4. It may be amended but the amendments are piel te alteg banka 5." Itrequires only a majority vote, 6 Avote on it cannot be reconsidered unless it is”Procedure of Motions 2 ballots. 4. To change vole— Toallowamember to change his Procedure 1, To propose method of voting or ind of voteProcadure of Motions ¥ °°, PROPOSER (without waiting for recognition): Mr. *” CHAIR (withoutwaiting orasecond): Ifthereisno ob- +... deetion, Mr. Fernandez may change his vote ... There being “Ho objection, the request is granted. How do you vote Mr. Falmanded ; If an objéction is raised, the request is denied but a motion may be maife to allow the member concerned'to change his 20 nd seconded to allow Mr. Fernandez to change hiswote. Are you ready for the question? As many asare in favor of the ‘motion, say Aye... Those opposed, say No... The motion is ‘cartied. How do you vote, Mr. Fernandez? (orThe motion is ton, the closing of the polls although the Chair i may defer action on such motion unless everyone has presumably cast his ballot. The motion ta.close the polls may be made to take effect immediately upon its adoption or at some later time, . PROPOSER: (upon recognition): I move that Mr. Fernandez be allowed to change his vote. ‘CHAIR: ‘(if motion is seconded): It has been moved - depending upon the nature of the proposal.thas the right to change his F ‘of the voting have not been an- the rel Ge not taken by ballot. After the pay ing, i jhile a question . sions relating to voting, if made while aq gran lection pending are incidental motions. If they are made at any other time, they are treated as, and governed by the rules of, main motions. Effects * i To propose method of voting or kind of vole a Ifthemotioniscarried, the assembly bindsitselfto + adopt whatever vote or method of voting is proposed. Procedure of Motions 231 b. _ Ifthemotionisrejected, the same, orsubstantially the same, proposal cannot be made for the same purpose ‘unless it was previously withdrawn. 2 To dose polls a Ifthe Chair declares the polls closed or a motion to the effect is carried, voting ceases. b. Ifthe Chair's decision is overruled or amotion to: - the effect is rejected, voting continues but a motion to close the polls may be renewed after a reasonable time. 3. To reopen polls % Ifthe motion is carried, voting is resumed. b. Ifthe motion isrejected, the polls stay closed, and the motion may not be renewed. 4. To change vole ___& __ Ifthe request is granted or a motion to the effect iscarried, the member concerned is allowed toannounce his | reconsidered vote. b. Ifthe request or motionis rejected, the member's original vote stays, and the request or motion cannot be renewed for the same purpose. BASIC RULES GOVERNING MOTIONS RELATING TOVOTING (As may be pertinent in each case) Af made while a question or an election is pending 1. They cannot be proposed while someone has the floor. 2 They must be seconded.ended if variable in form, but the , ‘Thevote onany of these motions m: «They take precedence of no other motion, 0. Theyare subject to the application of all other “Aq EndNotes Page 15 ° a ice "Rule XXV, Rules of he Houseof Representatives, Congress of the Philippines, Manila, 1950, maa Page 16 : “ *Sec. 21, Art. VI, Constitution of the Philippines Page3a9 * Brown vi District of Columbia (1888) 127 U.S. 579,82L. Ed. 262; Boggess vs. Buxton (1910) 67 W.V. 679, 69 S.E. 367; State ¥s. Porter (1 118 Ind, 79, 14 N.E. 883; Jn ve Gunn (1898) 50 Kan. 48; Ellsworth Woolen Manufacturing Co, vs. Faunce 10 Atl. 250; Dingwall vs. Common Council (1890) W.938. -Art, VI, Constitution of the Philippines. right (1902) 80 Colo. 489, 71 Pac, 365; Swan vs. 2 Iowa 781, 121 N.W.547; Statevs, Porter (188) 118 Ind. 79, 14 N.E. 883, Page 25. ‘Seiler vs. O'Maley (1921) 190 Ky. 190, 227 $.W, 141, Avelino vs. Cuenco, GRL. : "People vs. Wright (1902) 80 Indianola (1909) 142 Towa 781, 35 NIL. 190; Gildensleeve vs. Pr.N.Y.201. Fed. 868, 153 C.C.A. 549; ‘73 Il App. 5; Burton 73 Ore. 605, 144 Pac. 1149.