ENTERPRISE vs Workbook Pre-Intermediate Teacher’s Book Virginia Evans - Jenny Dooley Os Express PublishingUnit 13 Unit 14 Unit 15 Unit 16 Unit 17 Unit 18 Unit 19 Unit 20 Unit 21 Unit 22 Contents Read My Lips... In the Public Eye. Around the World Traveller's Tales. Enjoy Reading. Extinct Animals A Ghostly Welcome Hard Times Lost Civilisations Citizens 2050 Narrow Escapes. Ancient Buildings... Nature's Fury Tricky Jobs... Panic is Rare The Great Fire of London Scary but Lovely to Watch Problems of the Planet. Quality or Quantity? Nature's Secret Art. ‘A Return to the Big Screen Great Inventions. Suggested Answers Section. PP PP PPP PPP PPP PPP PPP PPP 12 16 20 4 28 32 36 40 44 52 56 60 64 68 2 76 80 84 88 3Read my Lips 1. Read the text and underline the correct adjective, as in the example. ty oder bother, Tom is @ Singer, He aso my bes frend eon) 1 actvelaring/ ‘i helpral other remeber him sting up with me ah ight ence when | had a fever end cau et seep. Tomi ery 2) generouysenstivedeisive on afer Wing ur prs tack om the courres he sts. When Re no working ! et working, Fom Ate) 3) confidenttaryactve. person. who. enoys climbing, sailing and cycling, He also has a really 4) outgoing/loyal/co-operative personality and loves ming pel Tom 3) reserved atria seifcentred person and once he deeter tos something, nothing can stop ‘him Weis as. very 6) ambtious/careflrespnsbe ana practes eer) day because fe wants tobe 0 succesful singer However, he tends to be a 7 oh : @. bi 7) shy/tubborn disorganised & tines, fusing to aanit tat he oy be wrong about something Tom can aso be rather 8) bes oregattih ne ies ghng das overs AI in al Tom i very specil to me as he Is ehvays there when | need him. _ 2. Fill in the correct word from the list. Then, use the phrases to make sentences. oval, pretty, hooked, curly early full, handsome, green, average, bushy 1 curly hair 6 a(n) pretty woman 2 hooked nose 7 average height 3. full lips 8 bushy eyebrows 4 green eyes 9 early teens 5 a(n) handsome man | 10 a(n) oval face We can form adjectives by adding various suffixes to nouns and verbs. ‘© Adjectives ending in -ful, -ive, -ous, -y, -ly, sable describe sb or sth as having the quality expressed by the noun or verb. success successful wave > wavy fact > active friend > friendly fame > famous comfort > comfortable ‘© Adjectives ending in -ablel-ible convey the idea of sth that is possible to do (or can be done), accept > acceptable (it can be accepted) rely ~ reliable (they can be relied on) resist > resistable (it can be resisted) 3 Form adjectives by adding suffixes to the following nouns and verbs. Nouns/Verbs Adjective care careful attract attractive adventure adventurous coward cowardly boss bossy digest digestible desire desirable silk silky courage courageous co-operate co-operative ‘Compound adjectives are formed with two or more words and we usually put a hyphen between them. These words can be: an adjective + noun -(e)d | agreen-eyed boy #2 noun + past participle a self-centred person © anoun + adjective a self-confident person 4. Rewrite the sentences using the right compound adjective from the list to replace the words in bold. self-reliant kind-hearted, metal-framed, curiy-haired, tongue-tied 1. John is the boy with the curly hair. John is the curly-haired boy.| | 2. Susan wears glasses with metal frames. Susan wears metal-framed glasses. 3 Matthew is so nervous at interviews that he cannot say a word. Mathew is so nervous at interviews that he is tongue-tied 4 Rachel is a person who doesn’t rely on others, Rachel is a self-reliant person. 5 He is a warm and generous man. He is a kind-hearted man, ‘Some adjectives form their opposites by adding certain prefixes. Some common prefixes that form oppo: uns attractive > unattractive dependent > independent organised > disorganised dis Ifthe adjective begins with I, mip or r we add im., or ir- respectively. moral > immoral regular > irregular legal > ilegal polite > impolite; 5 the gaps with the opposites of the words in brackets. 1 Timothy can't make decisions easily; he is indecisive, (DECISIVE) 2 Maggie is far too impatient to be a teacher. (PATIENT) 3 Don't believe what he says; he's dishonest (HONEST) 4 You cannot depend on him to help you with your work; he is totally irresponsible. (RESPONSIBLE) 5 Although he Is fiy years old, he still behaves like a child. Everyone agrees that he is immature. (MATURE) 6 Cathy made some insensitive remarks about ‘Ann's new dress. (SENSITIVE) 6 Match the words to their opposites. 1 generous d a sad 2 cheerful a b distant 3. outgoing e © talkative 4 friendly b ds mean 5 quiet c e reserved 6 polite t f rude Read my Lips 7 Match the people in the pictures A-D to the descriptions (1-4).Then, using the same words, describe them. (See Suggested Answors Section) [aT + elderly, quite plump, grey hair, small dark eyes, thin lips, floral blouse 2. young, short, oval face, dark curly hair, big dark eyes, wide smile, T-shirt, dungarees 3 mid-thirties, slim, high cheekbones, long curly halt, short neck, long nose, tired eyes, jumper 4 quite old, bushy white eyebrows, white beard and moustache, wrinkles, blue eyes, smart jacket The woman in picture D is elderly and quite plump. She's got grey hair, small dark eyes and thin lips. She's wearing a floral blouse 8 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, Present Simple or Present Continuous. 1 Hernew perfume smells (smell) like spring flowers Peter is seeing (see) his giririend tonight. 3 Have you seen Mary's new haircut? It looks (look) great. 4 Did you put sugar in the coffee? It tastes (taste) bitter. 5 You haven't said a word, What are you thinking (think) about? 6 My mother is listening (listen) to her favourite radio programme right now. 7. My brother does not enjoy (not/enjoy) going to the cinema, 8 Do you know (you/know) what time the concert starts? 9 She speaks French, but she comes (come) from Spain 10 The greengrocer is weighing (weigh) the grapes now. 11. eel (feel) depressed every time | hear that song,Read my Lips 9 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, Present Simple or Present Continuous. 2 Can | help you, sir? Yes, please. | (1) am looking (look) for a birthday present for my wife. A: | see, What kind of things (2) does she like (shellikey? B: Oh, she (3) enjoys (enjoy) books on interior decorating and she (4) loves (love) Latin music. ‘A: How about this book then? It (5) has (have) over a hundred pages of different ways to decorate your home and lots of pictures, too. B: 1 (6) am not (notibe) sure about that. Is there anything else you could show me? ‘A: Well, sir | (7) believe (believe) this set of CDs by Latin bands is an excellent choice. Your wife will enjoy it very much. How much is it? It @) costs (cost) £25. It's a special offer. Okay, then. | just (9) hope (hope) she won't play the music too loud because | (10) hate (hate) Latin music! 2 10 Read the text about Janet. Then ask and answer questions using words from the list. how old, how often, what, when, where (See Suggested Answers Section) ‘A: How old is Janet? B: Sho is in her late thirties. This is Janet, she's in her late thirties and she's tall and slim with shoulder- length brown hair and dark biue eyes Janet isa pilot with a Canadian airline company. Her job isnt an easy one as. she flies from Toronto to London and Back every week. Janet wears a dark ‘blue uniform when she is working, but diuring her free time she usually wears Jeans and shirts Janet is an energetic person. She loves skiing find horse riding, she often goes horse riding When she has {ree time, At the moment she's taking her horse back to the stable to feed it. 11 a) Match the exchanges, then, in pairs, act out the dialogue. [AIG] A: What is your bes riena’s name, Sue? [2[d] A: How long have you known Debbie? {3]B) A: What does she look like? Is she pretty? [a[e] A: What is she like? [Bla] A: That's good. Do you get on well? a. B: Yes, we do. We have a lot in common and we never argue. B: Ohyes. She's got iong blonde hair and blue eyes. B: Her name's Debbie, B: Since | was five years old. B: Oh, she's very friendly and kind. b) Now ask your partner about a friend or relative of his/hers. Use the phrases in bold in the dialogue and the ideas below to talk about this person. She's very attractive/He's very handsome... since | was three years oldifor seven years... ‘generous/saciable/cheerfull sensitivelactivelself- confident, enjoy doing the same things/have the same sense of humour/tell each other ceverything/have very interesting conversations (Ss' own answers) ep wactuation The full stop is used at the end of sentences (not direct questions or exclamations). e.g. He is 4 lawyer. The comma is used a) when we use more than one adjective to describe something (but not after the last adjective). I've got long, brown, curly hair b) to separate items ina list (but not before and). I need a loaf of bread, ten slices of cheese, wo cans of Coke and a carton of milk, please. The apostrophe is used a) in contracted forms. Isn't b) with possessives. Its John’. is not.we es. xs) 412 Punctuate the following paragraph. Omar's my best friend. He comes from Morocco and 's now staying in England with his aunt, uncle and two cousins. He's got short, black, curly hair and a lovely smile. Omar wants to be a doctor when he’s older and his favourite subject is Biology. | When we write an article describing a person we usually write five paragraphs. In the introduction, we give general information saying when, where and how we first met them. In the main body, we describe the person's physical appearance (Para 2), their character (Para 3) and their hobbies/interests (Para 4). We always include examples to justify our ideas (eg. He is | selfish. He cares only about himself) In the conclusion, we write our feelings/comments | about the person. | 13 a) Read the rubric and underline the key words, Your seacher has asked you to write a short, article for the school magazine describing your best friend. Write your article describing your friend and talking about his character and hobbies b) Read the article and fill in the missing topic sentences,a-e.(A topic sentence is a sentence z which summarises what a paragraph is about.) Gq] His family lives in my neighbourhood and we «grew up together 80 we've known each other all our lives. {2[0) He's tall and slim with shor fair hair and green yes. He usually wears derk blue jeans and T-shi [Ble] He's very sociable and makes new friends casily. Ho's good at thinking up new games to play because he's very imaginative. However, he can be uite noisy. For example, he likes honking the hom when riding his bike, driving all the neighbours mad! [lal His dad is a pilot and he brings Sam T-shirts from all over the world. Sam's a really good basketball player, too, On Saturdays, we get together with friends fora team match, and we usually win [BIB] A wookend with him can be pretty exhausting bul, then again ie is never boring with Sam around! Read my Lips a His favourite hobby is collecting T-shirts. b Allin all, 'm glad to have such a great cousin and. friend © Sam has an outgoing personality, d_ Sam and | are cousins and best friends, @ Sam is twelve years old. ©) Which paragraph describes: the writer's relationship to this person? 1 the person’s hobbies and interests? 4 physical appearance? 2 character? 3 d) What personal qualities does the writer mention? What justifications/examples does he/she give? (See Suggested Answers Section) €) Which sentence would you use to end an article describing a person? 2 1 On the other hand, he/she does have some negative qualities. 2. I'm sure we'll always be friends. 3 Moreover, he/she has some interesting and unusual hobbies, 14 a) Read the rubric and underline the key words. Then, answer the questions in the plan. A teens magazine has asked its readers to write an article describing their best friend. Write your article (120-180 words). Plan Introduction: Para 1: Whatis his/her name? How do you know each other? Main Body: Para 2: What does he/she look like? Para: What is he/she like? Give examples. Para 4: What are his/her hobbieslinterests? Conclusion: Para §: How do you feel about him/her? (Ss! own answers) b) Use your answers from Ex. I4a to write your article.You can use the article in Ex.13b asa model. (Ss’ own answers)In the Public Eye 1 Look at the dictionary entry, the terms and the grammar codes below. Then, use your dictionary 0 look up the words in the table below and complete the missing information. pronunciation part of speech countable headword \ mermaid marmetd nf) (in flry stories) «woman who has go the tall of fish instead af legs ond ves inthe sea N definition Headword Pronunciation Part of speech pottery poten’ n shyness, fans n currently avant adv reveal vi v down-to-earth dan tu 36 adj without wba prep |) We can form adjectives by adding the suffixes -al, -ed, -ing to nouns and verbs: Adjectives ending in -al describe sb or sth as being related to the thing the original noun refers to. experiment > experimental, philosophy > philosophical Adjectives ending in -ed express the state of a person or thing. interest interested, retire - retired ‘Adjectives ending in -ing show the effect that sth has on sb. interest interesting, amuse > amusing 2 Form adjectives by adding suffixes to the following nouns and verbs. 1. practice practical 4 complicate complicated talent talented 5. type typed, typical 3. excite excited, exciting 6 relax relaxed, relaxing 3. a) Look up the following pairs of words that people often confuse in your dictionary. physical/natural, nice/sympathetic, aloneflonely, sensitive/sensible, bored/boring (See Suggested Answers Section) GRAMMAR CODES parts of speech adjective [c] = countable uncountable adj adv = adverb prep = preposition fo} Definition things made of clay u—_ lack of confide happening now practical = not have sth b) Underline the correct word. We should all care about our physical/natural fitness. I've meta lot of nice/sympathetic people during my holiday abroad. They were friendly and pleasant. Tim felt alone/lonely because all his friends were on holiday. He's a very sensitive/sensible person. He always listens to his friends’ problems. | got boredboring as the fim was not interesting at all Relative Clauses Relative clauses modify nouns and are introduced by: a) relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, which or that) which join the relative clause to the main clause. b)relative adverbs (when, where, why). There are two kinds of relative clauses: defining and non-defining.ry imy vere ‘ays tal, Defining Relative Clauses — ‘These clauses define the subject or object of, the main clause. There is no comma before | a defining relative clause.We can omit the relative pronoun when it is the object of the relative clause but we cannot omit it when itis the subject. # We use who/whomilthat for people. There’s the boy wholthat won first prize. Here's the man (wholthat) | told you about last week * We use whichithat for things/animals. I read a book whichithat was very boring, This isthe dress (whichithat) | bought last week. Whoselof which express possession and cannot be omitted. * We use whose for people/things/animals. This is the man whose son lives in Pari. This is the house whose residents have been away for months. © We use of which for things/animals This is the room the windows of which need repairing. Non - defining relative clauses We can use non-defining relative clauses to give extra information about the subject or “object of the main clause. These sentences are separated from the main clause by commas and, even if we leave them out, the main clause still makes sense. a) Mary looks very nice: she is the new secretary. who — Mary, who is the new secretary, looks very nice. b) The Browns live next door; their son is a dentist. whose The Browns, whose son is a dentist, ive next door. | | 4 Fill in who, which, that or whose where necessary. 1) Harry is the man with black hair which (that) is starting to turn grey. 2 The car which (that) is parked outside is John's. 3. That's the man who (that) fixed my car. 4 That's Mrs Smith, whose husband is a surgeon. 5. There's a concert on tonight (whichythat) I'd like to see, In the Public Eye Albert's the man (who) you should see about your garden. That's the girl whose father is a circus performer. Mrs Black, whose cat died last week, is moving to Bristol 9 That’s the table whose legs need mending 410. There's the house (that) I was talking about. 5 Make one sentence from each pair of sentences using the relative pronouns in bold. Tim is Lucy's brother; he loves basketball who Tim, who loves basketball, is Lucy's brother, 2. Annis very upset; her trip was cancelled whose Ann, whose trip was cancelled, is very upset. 3. Those women are German; they're talking to the bus driver. who Those women, who are talking to the bus, river, are German. 4. This article is interesting; it talks about Indian music. which This article, which talks about Indian music, is interesting 5 Helen called two minutes ago. Her mother i il whose Helen, whose mother is il, called two minutes ago. r Relative Adverbs : Timer when (= infon/at which) 1876 was the year when the telephone was invented. Place: where (= in/at/onito which) That’ the hotel where we spent our summer holiday. Reason: why (= for which) Lack of qualifications was the reason (why) she didn’t get the job. 6 Filli when, where or why. 1. This is the town where | grew up. 2 Do you know the reason why she was crying yesterday? 3. The Star restaurant, whore | worked for a while, has closed down. 4 I'linever forget the day when | frst started school. 5 There are several reasons why I can't go to the party.In the Public Eye Prepositions can come either before relative pronouns or at the end of the relative clause. This s the house in which Shakespeare lived. (formal) This isthe house (which) Shakespeare lived in. (informal) Also: This is the house where Shakespeare lived. Note: Who and that are not used after prepositions. This is the boy with whom I went out. (formal This isthe boy (who) I went out with. (informa) NOT: Frise the-bopitnibe-Hwent-out 7. Rewrite the sentences, as in the example. (Gee Suggested Answers Section) That's the office block where my mother works, That's the office block in which my mother works. He's the person for whom | wrote that report ‘The project on which we were working is finished. This is the church in which my parents were married. ‘That is the shopkeeper | had an argument with. © Multiple Ghoiee Glaze In a multiple choice cloze text, you are given a text with gaps. You have to fill in the gaps by choosing the correct item from a list of choices. Steps ‘© Read through the whole text carefully to understand what it is about, © Read the text again, sentence by sentence, and choose the item that best fits each gap. ‘© Read the text again to see if your choices make sense. B Choose the correct item. Itis easy to believe that rich and famous people are 4) «.., But if you do, think again, Both money and fame can 2) .... Serious problems. To start with, when you are successful you never 3) who your real friends are, which 4)... it difficult to trust people. Another problem is the lack of privacy. §) ... you are famous, the public wants to know everything about your personal life. Journalists always want to interviow you, photographers always try to take photos of you, ‘even during your most 6) ... moments, and your life becomes a nightmare. Famous people do have lots of money, and people recognise them and 7)... thelr admiration, but how much of it can they take? So the next time you start dreaming 8) ... being 2 star, perhaps you should stop and be thankful thal you're an ordinary person afterall 4 A glad ® happy © delighted | | 2 @cause B make C take | 1 3 A see B think © know | 4 @makes B puts C does j bs AAs ® When © Whether | 6 A atomic B close private | 17 Asay ) express Cell i {8 Aon of Cc in | a) Fill in the gaps with the words and phrases from the list, then, i the dialogue aloud. Pi read how many, hew often, when, how long A: I didn't know you could play the piano, Sarah. 1) When did you start having lessons? B: When | was about six years old. A: Really? So 2) how long have you been playing, exactly? B: Let me see .., it must be eight years, now. ‘A: Wow! 3) How aften do you practise? B: | usually practise for an hour every evening, but | practise more when | am studying for an exam. A; 4) How many exams have you taken? B: Six. 'm taking my seventh exam in June. ‘A: That's great! You must be very good. b) Now, in pairs, use the prompts below to replace the phrases in bold and act out (See Suggested Answers Section) 1. dance, eight years old, three hours a week, four, fith in January 2 play the guitar, ten years old, five hours a week, two, third in March1 you, wr ie os of Tag [A forand-against essay is an argumentative essay wrnere we discuss the advantages and disadvantages ' ofa specific topic-In the introduction, we sate the ing @ | oct the main body, we present the point for cor against with our justifications/examples in separate paragraphs. In the conclusion, we write a balanced consideration of the topic andor we state ‘our opinion. Each argument presented, either for or against, has to be justified andlor supported by examples. ted 10 a) Read the rubric and underline the key words. Then read the essay and complete the missing sentences. ver Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being an actor.” fieve you aver dreamt of being an actor? The ating | {profession may sound glamorous to mast of us, but the | rth is that there are advantages and cisadvantages o a | bite in acting The main advantage of being an actor is that itis aj ead | ‘creative job. [dl] As a result, many of them come to} Hterms with the bad aspects of their character and } ; ! develop the good ones. Furthermore, many people are | sarah. | {impressed by actors. [2[a] {_ However, no gress sciartagois ck of heey vying, {31e] What is more, atthe beginning of her careers they { ‘ have to struggle with poor pay and fong hours,(4[B] 1 alin all, boing an actor means litle or no privacy and} long hours of practice fo ile reward. However, it can but | {help you discover many things about yourself and one day you might pay the leacing roe in a fim ‘a They offen envy their lifestyles and fame. b_ For example, they have to go to a lot of auditions before they get a small part in a play or film, © I's quite common to see famous actors being to vue mobbed by their fans while having dinner or coffee. An actor, by playing different characters. during ston) their career, has the chance to express diferent 8 mn personality Ey aspects of their own personality b) What arguments for’ and ‘against’ does the writer use? In which paragraphs? (Gee Suggested Answers Section) In the Public Eye *; ©) Replace the words/phrases in bold Ex.10a with the expressions listed. To sum up, This way, One point of view in favour ... For instance, In addition to this, ‘On the other hand, Finally (See Suggested Answers Section) 44 Mark the arguments in section A as F (for) or A (against) and then match them to the justifications/examples in section B. A 4 A, ahave to appear or behave perfectly wherever they are 2 A,ccan be photographed wherever they go 3. F, have an easier life 4. F,dtheir names are known by everyone a they always have to look their best 'b celebrities get the best hotel roomsithe most efficient service wherever they go © whatever they do could be reported in the next day's newspapers d_ they feel they are doing something ‘worthwhile/have a better understanding of their role in the world 12 a) Read the rubric and underline the key words, Then answer the questions in the plan. Your teacher has asked you to write an essay discussing the topic ‘Being Famous Isn't Always Easy’ Write your essay (120-180 words). Plan Introduction: Para 1: How could you start your essay? Main Body: Para 2: What are your arguments for? Justify them. Para: What are your arguments against? Justify them. ‘Conclusion: Para 4: How could you sum up your arguments? (Gee Suggested Answers Section) b) Use your answers in Exs 10b, I and 12a to write your essay. Start like this: “Have you ever wondered what it would be like to be famous? If you think that life would be a bed of roses you could be in for a surprise.” You can use the essay in Ex. 10 as a model. (See Suggested Answers Section) i1 1. Match the words to their opposites. 1 sunny ¢ a. disgusting 2 cleane b horrible 3. delicious a © dull 4 fabulous b d noisy 5 quiet e dirty 2 Underline the correct word. 1 We must try/test the brakes of the car before we set out on our journey. 2 The old/ancient man had a wrinkled face. 3. The boy tried to steal/rob sweets from the comer shop. 4 Can | have some time to think/consider over your proposal before I give you an answer? 5 We swam in the crystal clear/clean waters of the Mediterranean Sea 6 Alter dinner, | always have a piece of chocolate cake for desertidessert. 7 The children’s laughter feelsfills the house with joy. Certain pairs or groups of words are used together very frequently. These special word combinations are called collocations. The most important collocations are formed by an adjective +a noun averb + an adverb an adverb + an adjective an adjective + adverb . « big house . to think seriously . terribly disappointed . scared stiff 3 Fill in the correct word from the list below. Which kind of collocation do they belong to? frozen, bitterly, rain, sunny, dark, awful, fierce, unbearably 1. dark clouds (agj+noun) : 6 rain heavily (verb+ady) 2 a(n) sunny/awiul day - 7 a(n) fierce storm (@)+noun) (exj+roun) 3 frozen stiff (adjacy) 8 _sunny/awful_ weather 4: bitterly cold (adv-+adi) (@4)+noun) 5 unbearably hot (adv+ad) Around the World | Adjectives which | a) describe weather conditions, b) refer to physical feelings sb experiences end in. wind > windy, hunger > hungry 4 Fill in che gaps with the correct adjective. 1. The salty (salt) chips made me quite thirsty (thirst. 2. The weather on holiday wasn't hot and sunny (sun) but very cloudy (cloud) and rainy (rain) 3 It’s quite foggy (fog) tonight; | don't think it's safe to drive home. | “Yet is used with perfect tenses in pe | incerrogative and negative sentences. Have you called him yet? | haven't finished yet. ‘Already’ is used with perfect tenses in affirmative and interrogative sentences. She has already paid the bill. Hos she posted the letters already? 5 Fill in yet or already. Mum: Haven't you done your homework (1) yet ? Jane: Nearly! I've (2) already finished my Maths and English homework Have you studied for the History test (3) yet! already? The test is next week. | have plenty of time. You have (4) already failed two History tests. | suggest you start studying right away. But Mum, | have (5) already arranged to go out with my friends. They haven't come (6) yet. Call them and tell them you have to stay in tonight Mum: Jane: Mum Jane Mum: since (= from a starting point in the past) since 1990 for (= over a period of time) for two yearsve. hirst) (sun) s safe i 12 rsand 3) yet me. tests. | to go 1d tell 6 Fill in since or for. Katherine has been a teacher (1) since 1995. She has lived in the area (2) for a year and has made many ttiends (3) since she moved here. She has managed to save a lot of money (4) since she started working. She hasn't had a holiday (6) for two years so she is looking forward to going to Egypt in the spring. Present Perfect is used for: a) recently completed actions. She has just posted a letter. b) past actions which have a visible result in the present. Ive laid the table. (We can see thot the table is aid) ©) personal experiences or changes. I've been to Paris. She’s put on weight. recent actions when the time is not mentioned. He's visited Brazil. ‘with today, this morning, when these periods are not over at the moment of speaking. He's typed ten reports this morning. (ItS still morning.) Present Perfect Continuous is used for: a) actions which began in the past and are still going on. They've been working on this project since Monday. b) past actions which lasted for some time and have visible results in the present. He's tired because he has been jogging for hours. ) emphasis on duration. He's been working here for twenty-two years. eee ERO 7 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous. 1 Susan has not retumed (not/return) from her skiing holiday yet, 2 We have just moved (Just/move) in. 3. | have not seen (not/see) Thomas since 1995. 4 Sue has been cleaning (clean) for the past three hours. 5 Cindy has never been (never/be) to the United States. 6 She has been revising (revise) for the exams since Monday. Around the World 7 How long have you been working (you/work) here? 8 He has made (make) ten phone calls since this morning. 8 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, Past Simple, Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous. Lite on the tiny Caribbean island of Antigua (1) has been (be) the same for centuries. The few hundred inhabitants of the island (2) have always lived (alwaysilive) a quiet life, growing their own vegetables ‘and catching fish, This neatly (3) changed (change), however, when a group of hotel developers (4) visited (visit) the island, They (6) offered (offer) to buy the houses and land of the locals so as to build a huge resort. The Antiguans (6) refused (refuse) to sel. When the hotel developers (7) realised (realise) that the islanders wouldn't change their minds, they (8) left (leave) and the Antiguans (@) have enjoyed (enjoy) their peaceful: Q Match the sentences to the explanations. 1 Johas gone toBrazil.e a She has visited Brazil 2 Mary has been to but now she is home, Brazil. a She hasn't come back 3 Lucy has been in Brazil yet. for a month. b © She is staying there, 10 Choose the correct item. 1 John ‘A was typing B typed letters since he came in this morning, © has been typing 2 The children cartoons when their father came home. A have watched ®) were watching © watched 3 The dinner she sa... for us was delicious {A was cooking’B) cooked © has been cookingAround the World in Manchester since 1994. © have been living 4 They A wereliving B lived 5 She hard all day, and now she is exhausted. ‘A was working B worked ©) has been working on weight, © has put 6 Paul eats too much — he A was putting B put over the forest when we saw it. B flew C has been flying 7 The helicopter @ was tying 8 Brenda up Christmas decorations, when suddenly the Christmas tre fll over and landed on top of her @ was hanging B hung © has been hanging Guidelines In this type of exercise you have to complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. You must use 60 to five words, including the word given in bold. Contracted words count as two words, e.g. it’s, he’s, etc. You mustn't change the key word. The beginning and ending of the new sentence have been written for you. 41. Study the following examples, then complete the sentences using the word! bold. Use two to five words. The first one has been done as an example. Kim started guitar lessons two months ago. has Kim has been taking guitar lessons for two months. ‘¢ She hasn't cooked dinner yet. still She still hasn't cooked dinner. How long ago/When did you graduate from university? since How long is it since you graduated from university? | have never been an a safari before. It's the first time I have been on a safari first Susan last went out two months ago. been its a long time since | went to the park. been | haven't been to the park for a long time. ‘The last time | ate out was a week ago. have | have not eaten out for a week. ‘Susan has not been out for two months 1 He has never swum in a swimming pool before. first It's the first time he has swum in a swimming pool. 2. I started taking driving lessons three weeks ago. Ihave been taking driving lessons for three weeks. have 3 How long ago did she get married? since How long is it since she got married? 4. They haven't decorated the house yet. still They till haven't decorated the house. 5 It's along time since | watched a horror film. haven't watched a horror film for a long time. 6 They last played tennis two weeks ago. ‘They haven't played tennis for two weeks. have for jelines In this type of exercise you are given some sentences or a whole text. Some of the sentences are correct but others have a word which should not be there. In Exercise 12 the mistakes have to do with wrong formation of, tenses and the adverbs which go with them. Read the sentences carefully, put a tick next to the ones which are correct and cross out the unnecessary word in the others. 12 Tick (/) the correct sentences or cross out (0) the unnecessary word. We haven't Bread fnshed packing, They dscussed the dela inte last meeting. / Have you'Deet tasted Inaian cury? He kes teling jokes. They have been swimming for haf an hour. 7 aaenahree long 2eks. nut out 43 a) Match the exchanges, then, ‘out the dialogue. pairs, act. a A: Adouble with a view. b A: Miltake it. Thank you. ¢ A: How much is it per night? dA: Hello! I'd like to book a room, please. eA: From the 20th until the 25th of June. IH] B: Certainly. When would you like it for? [BIB] B: Would you like a single or a double room? {g[B] B: We have a room overlooking the lake. [c]a] 8: W's £58 including breakfast [bI5] 8: Can! have your name and credit card number, please? b) Use the prompts to act out dialogues. (See Suggested Answers Section} 1. 3ist July - 4th Augustisingle/sea/t4s 2. 5th September - 10th September/double/castle/£50 When we write an informal letter of yn we start our letter with ‘Dear’ and our friend’s first name. In the introduction, we | give the reason we are writing the letter. In the main body, we describe the place and we write directions to help our friend find the place. In the conclusion, we write our closing remarks. We sign off with ‘Love’ and our first name. 14 a) Read the rubric, underline the key words and answer the questions. You are spending your holidays at a seaside resort and have decided to invite your friend to come and spend a weekend with you. Write ‘your letter describing the place and giving directions to your friend, (See Suggested Answers Section) 1. What kind of leer is it? 2 What would you include in your letter? 3. How could you start/end your letter? Around the World b) Put the paragraphs in the correct order. Dear Michae {BH{3] You shaun have much rouble finding he hot, but ere are @ few directions so you dont get lost. Take the tan to Poole, then take the Number 152 bus to Sandbanks per. You wil see the Royal Hotel on your, am staying In room 23, you want me to book a ‘oom for you, you can call me on my mobi. My number is 0944 372649. [B14] | hope you'l be able to join me. | ook forward to sezing you at the weekend, [E12] Ive been staying here for a week now, and i realy is a ware resort. am staying atthe Royal Hat ts on the searont andthe rooms havea spectacular view of he Engish Channel. The beach is clean, There is afunfar and a mini-goll course which everyone seems 10 enjoy. The hotel has a restaurant wiere they ser delicious food. ''m writing to invite you to join me in Sandbanks next woekend, Love, Katie ©) Circle the phrases from the list below that can replace those in bold in the letter above. I'm writing to thank you for your kind invitation to, See you then. © Ve love itt you could come to @ Hope you can come. (Para 4) (Para 1) 45 a) Underline the key words in the rubric. Then answer the questions in the plan. You are on holiday and have decided to invite friend co spend a few days with you. Write him/her a letter describing the place and giving directions. (120-180 words) Plan Introduction: Para 1: What can your opening remarks be? Main Body: Para 2; What does the place look like? Para3: How can your friend reach the place? Conclusion: Para 4: What can your closing remarks be? (Ss' own answers) b) Use your answers in Ex. 15a to write your letter. You can use the letter in Ex. 14b as amodel, (See Suggested Answers Section) 116 cL 1) Underline the correct word. 1. The sandy coastibeach was full of sunbathers. 2 The haunted house is the most popular sight/ attraction at the funfair. 3 To be a good basketball player, you have to be high tall 4 He gave her an expensive gold/golden ring. 5. The man was stil alivejlively when the ambulance reached the hospital 2 Fill in the correct word from the list. Then, use the phrases to make sentences. busy, warm, suntan, car loud, bright, honking, golden, crashing, exhaust (See Suggested Answers Section) 1 warm sea 6 golden beaches 2 bright sun 7 suntan oil 3 honking horns 8 loud music 4. a(n) busy street 9 exhaust fumes 5 crashing waves 40 a(n) car park 3 Underline the odd word out. 1. chalet, instructor, straw hat, ski lit 2 gallery, museum, tour guide, goggles 3. sleeping bag, torch, sult, tent 4 captain, ship, por, pilot 5 fur coal, jeep, binoculars, insect repellent 4 Use your dictionary to complete the table. Headword Pronunciation amazing jomezin) beach it countryside antnsatal delicious tifa enjoy nds food ful gorgeous hotel e | island falend, journey dsatni Traveller’s Tales 5 Read the text and underline the expression; th describe the use of the senses (e.g. sight, hearing, smell, etc). We could hear the loud voices of the vendors even Cee en) Coen market, Onc epped out of the See eed ote carefully arranged their in large, round Dra een een Ce tre) Resa) See enn We can form adjectives by adding the suffix -less to some nouns. sense —* senseless These adjectives show that sb or sth does not have the quality expressed by the noun (contrary |_to the adjectives ending in -ful.) 6 Form adjectives using the nouns in brackets and the appropriate suffix, -ful or -less, to fill in the gaps. 1 The forest is very peaceful (peace) on Sunday mornings. 2. Oh, don't worry about the dogs; they are harmless (harm) 3 My grandmother still manages to look youth (youth) at 64. She says that her secret is not tc worry about meaningless (meaning) things in lie. 4 The key to my father’s successful (suecess) cares! as a businessman was to always have good industrial relations, 5 It’s pointless (point) for me to give you any helptu (help) advice if you're not prepared to follow it 6 The playful (play) puppy chased the kitten. 7. Mike got a low mark for his composition, because he made a lot of careless (care) mistakes.ssions ue less not cary ackets + to fill Sunday armless youthful not te sin ite, )caree! 2 gooe helpfu wit vecause © 7 Fill in the correct preposition(s). 1 Cape Canaveral is located on the east coast of Fiorida. 2 Many ancient artifacts have been discovered I inthe Mediterranean Sea. 3. Rio de Janeiro is famous for its carmival 4 We're going on a tour of the new school tomorrow. Shaking hands with someone is a way of saying hello or goodbye. Hove lying on the beach in summer. We got on the first plane to Hawaii and were there in ton hours, Greece is in southern Europe My country house is by a river. The first time | look my son to the zoo, he was very excited. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, Past Simple or Present Perfect. ‘A: 1) Have you been (you/be) to Blackpool recently? B: Yes. It2) has changed (change) a lot since the last time 1 2) was (be) there. A: | 1) have visited (visit) several different countries so far this year. B: Really! | 2) haven't been (not/be) abroad since last summer. Where 3) did you go (you/go) last? A; To Italy, and | 4) had (have) a great time. A: 1) Did you see (you/see) the Eifel Tower while you 2) were (be) in Paris? B: Yes, 18) did (do) A: | 4) sent (send) you a postcard last week. 2) Haven't you received (you/not/receive) it yor? B: No, but | 3) got (get) one from James on) Monday moming, Fill in since or for. | have had this jacket for five years. haven't eaten snails since our holiday in Crete. Have you seen Robert since his party? Ken hasn't written to me for ages, Traveller's Tales 6 I haven't ridden a horse since 1984, 6 Greg has lived here for ten months. Clauses of result are introduced with ‘* such + (a/an) + adjective + noun + that It was such an expensive dress that she didn't buy it She received such bad news that she burst into tears. He told us such funny stories that we couldn't stop laughing, so + adjectiveladverb + that He was so happy about his promotion that he took us all out to dinner. The children were playing so noisily that the neighbours complained. * so + muchilittle + uncountable noun + that She made so much pasta that we couldn't eat i al. © so + many/few + countable plural noun + that There were so few students in the classroom that the teacher let us go home. 10 Fi in the gaps with so, such or such a(n). 1 He has such strong muscles that he can lift the front part of a car. 2. The kitten is $0 small that it fis into the palm of my hand, 3 The book was So difficult that she couldn't understand it. 4 It was such a tall tree that the children couldn't climb it, 5 The film she watched last night was So scary that she couldn't sleep afterwards. 6 It was such a hot day that we went to the beach. 11 Fill in the where necessary. I've invited the Smiths to dinner this evening, I'm scared of travelling by « plane. We went shopping at - Harrods. Dor't turn the TV on; I've got a headache. It is dangerous to go through ~ Central Park at night. It gets very hot here in the afternoon. ound - French very difficult to learn 8 The Archaeological Museum is closed on Mondays. NoTraveller’s Tales 9 I'm not going to - school today. 40 My daughter plays the piano. 11 We need to care for the elderly. 12 - Dad is on a business trip in Germany. 42 study the following examples, then complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words. Itwas such a funny film that we couldn't stop laughing. 30 The film was so funny that we couldn't stop laughing, © The weather was very cold so we stayed in, such It was such cold weather that we stayed in. 1. twas such a dark room that we couldn't see. so The room was so dark that we couldn't 2. The carpets were so beautiful that | bought two. such They were such beautiful carpets that 1 bought two. 3 The play was very dull so I left early such It was such a dull play that | left early. 4 twas such a deep cut that she had to go to hospital so The cut was so deep that she had to go to hospital 5. They were such friendly people that we felt welcome. so. The people were so friendly that we felt welcome, 13 a) Match the exchanges, then, inp the dialogue aloud. [Ta] A: Excuse me, can you help me? [21d] A: Ive missed my flight. A: Flight TA 488 to New York [ale] A: Oh, yes please. That would be wonderful Thank you so much ‘a. B: Yes, what seems to be the trouble? b_ B: I s00, Well, there is another flight to New York in two hours. Would you like me to book you a seat on that flight? © B: No problem. dB: Oh dear. Which flight were you supposed to be on? b) Now, in pairs, use the prompts below to act out similar dialogues. (Gee Suggested Answers Section) 1. train/the 8:00 train/Reading/an hour coachithe 7:00 coach/York/half an hour Assessment reports are written for someone in authority such as your employer. They are formal in style and contain factual information, They present the positive and negative qualities of a person or a place in order to make 2 recommendation. We always begin an assessment report by saying who the report is for and what their position is, the writer's name and position, as well as what the report is about and the date. In the introduction we present the purpose of | the report. In the main body we present each | topic in detail under suitable sub-headings. In the conclusion we summarise the information and state our general assessment. 44 a) Read the rubric and underline the key words. ‘The editor of the magazine you work for as an assistant editor has asked you to write a ‘report assessing the suitability of Blue Sky hotel for family holidays. Write your report giving the hotel’ location and describing the accommodation, facilites, food and cost and‘ork aua abe to tion) vat te of ch he nd hotel, ne nd b) Read the report and choose a suitable sub-heading from the list for each paragraph. Then, underline the correct linking word. ‘Accommodation, Food & Cost, Purpose, Availability & Booking, Recommendation, Location, Facilities To: Mrs $. Thomson, Editor From: J. K. Eliot, Assistant Editor Subject: Blue Sky Hotel Date: 20th June, 2002 1. Purpose The purpose of this report is to assess the suitability of the Blue Sky hotel for family holidays. 2 Location ‘The hotel is located on the east coast of Wales about half an hour’s walk from the beach. It is surrounded by gorgeous countryside and/but is built on top of a hill where some amazing views of the mountains can be enjoyed. 3. Accommodation The Blue Sky has 150 twin-bedrooms and extra accommodation in chalets for the high season. All rooms have their own bathroom and TV. A small fridge is also/too provided 4 Facilities The Blue Sky has a mini-gym and a small indoor recreation centre for younger members of the family, complete with an indoor five-a-side football pitch. Furthermore/However, for those who wish for a quieter time, there is a reading room with a large collection of books including children’s literature. 5 Food & cost Food served in the hotel restaurant is not expensive andis one of the best ways of trying some of the local cuisine at reasonable prices. However/Even though there are quite a lot of restaurants in the countryside around the hotel, they are often more expensive. 6 Availability & Booking The Blue Sky is open all year and reservations can be made at any time, The summer months are most popular so/as early booking for this period is recommended. 7. Recommendation Although/All in_all, the Blue Sky is a good, clean, reasonably priced hotel, ideal for family holidays and provides a good base to visit the surrounding area. 45 a) Underline the key words in the rubric. ou work for Camping World magazine as an assistant editor and your editor has asked you to write a report assessing the quality of services at Golden Sands campsite Write your report giving the location of the campsite and assessing its organisation and facilities, the food ‘and cost, entertainment and sports offered. b) Match the prompts (a-m) to the sub- headings: Location (L), Organisation & Facilities (O/F), Food & Cost (FIC), Entertainment & Sports (E/S). a. OIF supermarket (small) b EJS television room © E/S large swimming pool d_ EJS table tennis fe FIC Beachside restaurant (excellent, rather expensive) 1 FIC a fast food restaurant (reasonably priced meals, only open until 8:00 pm) 9g. OIF clean drinking water h OIF public telephones L tall trees around the site provide shade OIF showers JF plenty of space for each car and tent EJS bikes for hire Lon the south coast of Devonifive-minute walk from the beach Bux- ©) Use your answers in Exs 15a,b to answer the questions in the plan. (See Suggested Answers Sectic Plan To: Who are you writing to? From: Who are you? ‘Subject: What are you going to write about? Introduction: Para 1; Why are you writing the report? Main Body: Paras 2-4: What information about the location, organisation & facilities, food & cost, entertainment & sports will you include? ‘What are the good and bad points? Conclusion: Para 5: What is your overall impression? What are your recommendations? d) Now wi .e your report. (120-180 words) (See Suggested Answers Section)1 softd a take off 2 freezing b b boing 3. silently © clean 4 sadh hard 5 land a e common 6 unusual © f different 7 same f @ loudly 8 dity hh happy 2 Fill in the correct word from the list below. Then, use the phrases to make sentences. heavily, street, dim/soft, deep, rough, rocky, anxiously, big, dark, hard (See Suggested Answers Section) 1. big raindrops 6 dark clouds 2 to rain heavily 7 a(n) street lamp 3. a(n) deep hole 8 dim/soft light 4 to blow hard 9 a(n) rocky cli 5 a(n) rough sea 10 to wait anxiously 3) Underline the correct word. ‘The doctor studied/examined my injury and said it wasn't serious. 2 James was frightened/depressed for weeks after he lost his job. 3 The cat lay sleeping on one of the tree’s large is/branches. 4 The hunter shotifired at the target with his rifle. 5. There are only a few large jungles/forests left in Europe. 6 We bought a(n) atlasimap of the town so we wouldn't get lost 7. It’s sharply/bitterly cold today, isn't it? ‘A dog bit him when he was young and he still has, the sear/brulse on his leg 9 My parents told me aliensistrangers. 10 She gasped/sighed in terror when she saw the burglar. never to speak to @ Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, Past Simple or Past Continuous. 1 As 1 was doing (do) my homework last night, | heard] (hear) a strange noise which was coming (come) from the garden, | went (go) out to see what was happening (happen), only to find my cat chasing rat 2 In 1972, Tim Carlisle saw (see) Elvis in concert, while he was travelling (travel) in the USA, 3. It was snowing (snow) heavily on that cold, dark night when George Bailey left (leave) his office and, began (begin) his long journey home. 4 She was tidying (tidy) her room when suddenly the lights went out (go out). 5 Jasper was sleeping (sleep) and his father was| ‘watching (watch) TV when the earthquake struc (strike). | 6 As Mary was feeding (feed) the ducks, a small boy rushed (rush) up to her and grabbed (grab) her arm. 7 He was (be) unable to sleep because the wind \whisting (whistle) through the trees in the forest. outside, 8 | came across (come across) Anna as | was walking (walk) through the park with my dog. 9 Sharon didn’t see (not/see) the car coming towards her because she was looking (look) in the other direction, 10 The old lady was getting (get) onto the bus when she {ell (fall) and broke (break) her leg. 5 Look at the pictures and the notes and make sentences using Past Simple and Past Continuous. (See Suggested Answers Section) 1. Angela/drive to work! mobile phoneiring 2. Anne and Frankiwalk down the street/ Annejotfer/Frank/a new joborrect heard asing a vis in usa. 4, dark ce and ny the struck all boy erarm, id was. forest valking >wards other enshe Past action) walk 3 4. Victor/sit/at his desk) remember/ibe/his wife's birthday Lawrence/runito ‘work/ fall and breakihis ankle Robertileaveithe office/ Miss Chenjreming him/of an important meeting 6 Johnihave/his break Roberttell him/the terrible news Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or Past Continuous. Charles Lindbergh was working (work) as a pilot for the Chicago St Louis aitine company when he made (make) the fist non-stop fight around the wort in 1927, Mahatma Gandhi died (die) in 1948 after @ man shot (shoot) him Alexander Fleming discovered (discover) penicilin by accident wile he was working (work) at St Mary's Hospital in London Aer the painter Degas went (go) blind in the late 1890s, he gave up (give up) painting Emest Hemingway got (get) many of his ideas for For Whom the Bell Tolls while he was living (ive) in Spain during the Spanish Civil War. Ferdinand von Zeppelin did not build (not/build) his famous airship until 1899 when he was (be) sixty-one Enjoy Reading Used to Used to expresses past habits or states which are no longer true. It forms its negative and interrogative with did and it is the same in all persons. We can use Past Simple instead of used to. She walkedlused to walk to school. She didn’t use to wake up late. Did she use to wake up late? 7 Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets and the correct form of used to. 1 In the old days, people did not use (not!travet) by plane 2 |used to eat (eat) meat, but now I'm a vegetarian. 3. What kind of games did you use to play (you/play) when you were young? 4 used to go (go) to schoo! in Glasgow when | was a child 5 used to have (have) really short hair, auite tong 6 She id not use to work (not/work) so ate, but now she does. 7 Tom used to drive (drive) to work, but now he prefers to commute by train 8 Didn't Mary use to dive (Mary/drive) a sports car? travel but now it's 8 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, Past Simple or Present Perfect. 1A: | haven't seen you (not/see) you for ages! Where have you been (youlbe)? B: | went (go) to Malta for a three-week holiday. 2 A: Have you over read (youlever/read) this book? B: No, | haven'tread (not/read) that one, but | reac (read) the author's previous novel last year. | didn't ike (notlike) it much. Have you spoken (you/speak) to Pam about your missing blouse yet? B: Yes, | spoke (speak) to her five minutes ago she hasn't seen (notisee) it anywhere. 4A: Have you booked (you/book) your holiday yet? B: No, | haven't decided (not/dectde) where to go. Last year | went (go) to Spain and had (have) a great time, so maybe I'll go there again. 5 A: | haven't seen (not/see) James for ages. B: | haven't seen (not/see) him either, but | heard (hear) yesterday that he has gone (go) to Italy and will be back next week