EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES

INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)- refers to the combination of computer technology, telecommunication
technology, and media.
What is Web?
Web technology is the establishment and use of mechanisms that make it possible for different computers to communicate and
share sources. In short, it provides a platform for effective communication among different users and devices on a computer
network.
WORLD WIDE WEB (www) is the universe of network- accessible information, an embodiment of human knowledge.
It refers to all websites, documents and all other resources connected to the Internet and utilizing the hypertext transfer protocol
(HTTP).
Tim Berners- Lee is the founder and inventor of world wide web.

TYPES OF WEBSITE
 STATIC site is one that is usually written in plain HTML and what is in the code of the page is what is displayed to the user.
 A DYNAMIC site is one that is written using a server- side scripting language such as PHP, ASP, JSP, or Cold- fusion.

Web 1.0
 Static Web Page, Flat Page or stationary page
 The first stage of World Wide Web’s evolution
 It connects information
 Web 1.0 sites aren’t interactive
 Web 1.0 applications are proprietary
Web 2.0
 Evolution of Web 1.0
 It connects people
 The user is able to see a website differently than others.
 Allows users to interact with the page
 Allows users to use a web browsers instead of just their operating system.
 describes World Wide Web sites that emphasize user generated content, usability, and interoperability. The term was
popularized by Tim O'Reilly and Dale Dougherty at the O'Reilly Media Web 2.0 Conference in late 2004, though it was
coined by Darcy DiNucci in 1999.
FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
1. Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen keywords (e.g., tagging).
Popular social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram use tags that start with the pound sign (#). This is
also referred to as hashtags.
2. Rich User Experience – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input
3. User Participation – the owner of the website is not the only one who is able to put content. Others are able to place a
content of their own by means of comments, reviews and evaluation.
4. Long Tail – services that offered on demand rather than on a one time purchase. In certain cases, time-based pricing is
better than file size-based pricing or vice versa. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the
amount of time you spent in the Internet, or a data plan that charges you for the amount of bandwidth you used.
5. Software as a Service – users will subscribe to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them. Software as a
service allows you to “rent” a software for a minimal fee.
6. Mass Participation – diverse information sharing through universal web access.

Web 3.0 and the Semantic Web

 It connects knowledge
 The semantic web is a movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The W3C standard encourages web
developers to include semantic content in their web pages. It was coined by the inventor of WWW, Tim Berners-Lee. Lee
also noted that the Semantic Web is a component of Web 3 .0
 According to W3C, “The semantic web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across
application, enterprise, community boundaries”.
 Aims to do better. This is through studying personal preferences of an individual user and showing results based on those
preferences.
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
1. Artificial Intelligence (AI)- is a branch of computer science focused in making computers work and act like humans
2. Robotics- field of computer science and engineering concerned with creating devices that can move and react to sensory
input.
3. Biometrics- used to measure and analyze human body characteristics such as DNA, finger prints.
4. Quantum cryptography- science of encoding and decoding information or messages which depends on physics.
PLATFORM
 is a group of technologies that are used as a base upon which other applications, processes or technologies are developed.
 It is a system that can be programmed.
 A platform the basic hardware (computer) and software (operating system) on which software applications can be run.
TRENDS IN ICT
1. Convergence
Technological Convergence is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task.
For example, besides using your personal computer to create word documents, you can now use your smartphones.
It can also use cloud technologies o sync files from one device to another while using LTE technology which means you can access
your files anytime, anywhere. Convergence is using technologies to accomplish task conveniently.
2.Social Media
Social Media is website, application, or online channel that enables web users to create, co-create and discuss, modify, and exchange
user-generated content.
SIX TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
a) Social Networks -these sites allow you to connect with other people with the same interests or background. Once a user
creates his or her account, he or she can set up a profile, add people, create groups, and share content. Examples:
Facebook and Google +
b) Bookmarking Sites -these sites allow you to store and manage links to various websites and resources. Most of these sites
allow you to create a tag that allows you and others to easily search and share them. Example: StumbleUpon and Pinterest.
c) Social News -these sites allow users to post their own news items or links to the other news sources. The users can also
comment on he post and comments may also be ranked. They are also capable of voting on these news articles of the
website. Those who get the most amount of votes are shown most prominently. reddit and digg.
d) Media sharing -these sites allow you to upload and share media content like images, music and video. Most of these sites
have additional social features Examples: Flicker, YouTube, and Instagram
e) Microblogging - these are sites that focus on short updates from the user. Those subscribed to the user will be able to
receive these updates. Examples: Twitter and Plurk .
f) Blogs and Forums - these websites allow users to post their content. Other users are able to comment on the said topic.
There are several free blogging platforms like Blogger, WordPress, and Tumblr. On the other hand, forums are typically part
of a certain website or web service.
3. Mobile Technologies
The popularity of smartphones a tablets have taken a major rise over the years. This is largely because of the devices' capability to
do tasks that were originally found in personal computers. Several of these devices are capable of using high-speed Internet. Today,
the latest mobile devices use 5G Networking (LTE), which is currently the fastest mobile network. Also, mobile devices use different
operating systems:
 iOS- apple devices
 Android
- an open source operating system developed by Google. Being open means several mobile phone companies use this OS
for free.
 Blackberry- used in Blackberry devices
 Windows Phone OS- a closed source and proprietary operating system
 Symbian-the original smartphone OS; used by Nokia devices
 Web OS- originally used for smartphones; now used for smart TVs.
 Windows mobile developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs.
5. Assistive Media- It is a non-profit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments.
Internet- defined as information superhighway. Anyone has access to this highway, can place information, grab that information.
INTERNET THREATS
1. Malware
a. Virus- a malicious program designed to replicate itself and transfer from one computer to another either through the
Internet and local networks or data storage like flash drives and CDs.
b. Worm- a malicious program that transfer from one computer to another by any type of means. Often, it uses a
computer network to spread itself. For example, the ILOVEYOU worm (Love Bug Worm) created by a Filipino.
c. Trojan- a malicious program that disguised as a useful program but once downloaded or installed, leaves your PC
unprotected and allows hackers to get your information.
 Rogue Security software- tricks the user into posing that it is a security software. It asks the user to pay to
improve his/her security but in reality they are not protected at all.
d. Spyware- a program that runs in the background without you knowing it. It has the ability to monitor what you are
currently doing ang typing through keylogging.
 Keyloggers- used to record the keystroke done by the users. This is done to steal their password or any other
sensitive information. It can record emails, messages, or any information you type using your keyboard.
e. Adware- a program designed to send you advertisements, mostly as pop-ups.
2. Spam- unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers. It can be used to send malware.
3. Phishing- Its goal to acquire sensitive personal information like passwords and credit card details.
 Pharming-a more complicated way of phishing where it exploits the DNS (Domain Name Service) system.
ONLINE RESEARCH
Tips in conducting online search
1. Have a question in Mind- focus on a question you want answered.
2. Narrow it down- type the keyword or the exact word/title of the needed information.
3. Advanced Search- the best way to filter information you get from search engines.
4. Look for credible source- When using wikis, check out the link of the cited text(indicate by superscript number) to be
navigated to the footnote where the list of sources is located.
5. Give credit- properly cite a reference. We need to teach ourselves the basic of source citation to give credit to whom is due.

MICROSOFT WORD: MAIL MERGE

Key Terms
 Mail Merge - a feature that allows you to create documents and combine or merge them with another document or data
file
 From Document-the document that contains the main body of the message we want to convey or send
 Data file- includes the individual information or data or the recipient’s information
 Merge field/Place Holder-mark the position on your from document where individual data or information will be inserted
 Clipart- line art drawings or images used as generic representation for ideas and objects
  Smart Art-predefined sets of different shapes grouped together to from ideas that organizational or structure in nature
 Text Wrap-adjust how the image behaves around other objects or text

Steps in Mail merge

STEP 1…
 In Word, choose File>New> Blank document.
 On the Mailings tab, in the Start Mail merge group, choose Start Mail Merge, and then choose the kind of merge you want
to run.
 Choose Select Recipients > Use an Existing List
 Browse to your Excel spreadsheet, and then choose Open.
 If Word prompts you, choose Sheet1>OK.
STEP 2….Edit your mailing list
-Choose Edit Recipient List.
- In the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box, clear the check box next to the name of any person who you don't want to
receive your mailing.
- In the Insert Address Block dialog box, choose a format for the recipient's name as it will appear on the envelope
- Choose OK.
- Choose File > Save.

STEP 3…Preview and finish the mail merge

-On the Mailings tab, choose Preview Results.
1. Choose the Next   or Previous   record button to move through records in your data source and view how the records
will appear in the document.
2. In the Finish group, choose Finish & Merge, and choose Print Documents or Send E-mail Messages.
STEP 4…Save your mail merge
When you save the mail merge document, it stays connected to your data source. You can reuse the mail merge document
for your next bulk mailing.
Open the mail merge document and choose Yes when Word prompts you to keep the connection.
Print
 Merge to printer > choose all > click ok

Kinds of materials
1. Pictures
a..JPG- For Photographic Image
-But it does not work well with Lettering, line Drawings, or simple graphics, small in file size
b..GIF- Moving images/pictures
- Good with logs, drawing, small texSmall in file size t, black and white images or low resolution files.
c..PNG- control of the transparency level or capacity of images
2. Clip Art- Freely download use that come from party provides
-Representation for ideas objects
3. Shape- designing layout for poster or material for advertising.
4. Smart Art- Can graphically represents on organization, relationships, process or flow for infographic documents
5. Chart- Can be represents for data Characteristics and Trends
6. Screenshot- Select or display only the exactly like to capture your screen.

Image placement
 Text wrapping options/inserting text in the image/picture
1. In line with text- placing your image at the beginning of the paragraph
2. Square- allows the image you inserted to be place anywhere within the paragraph.
3. Tight- allows you to get more creative effect on your document
4. Through- allows the text to flow even higher taking the contours and shape of the image
5. Top and Bottom- image occupies a whole text line on its own as in sample.
6. Behind text- effectively makes your text look like a background.
7. In front of text- your image will be place right on top of the text
Inserting images to a work
1. Inserting picture in your document
 Desktop>illustration>Insert>picture>Insert picture from file>navigate your Desktop
 Right click>wrap text >square
2. Inserting signature
 Right click>wrap text>Behind text [you can go in the Font of Text for the setting of the background
3. Inserting CHART
Insert tab> chart
Insert chart>Pie >Explored in 3D
Click on the chart’s TEXT WRAP options> Top and Bottom .

MICROSOFT EXCEL
Microsoft Excel – provides an automated way of displaying any statistics data. It can be used to automatically compute for several
that are not easy to notice especially when faced by large data.
KEY TERMS:
 Accounting Number Format – a number format that is used for accounting.
 Orientation – the angle at which a text is displayed.
 Count–a function used to count the cells with content in a range.
 Sum – a function used to compute for the summation of the number of a range.
 Average – a function used to compute for the average of the number of a range.
 COUNTIF – a function used to count the cells with a specified content within a range.
 SUMIF – a function used to compute for the summation of a range if a certain condition is met.
 AVERAGEIF – a function used to compute for the average of a range if a certain condition is met.
 Range – the range of cells where you want to look for the criteria.
 Criteria – a value or label that determines if a cell is part of the range to be averaged.
 Average Range – the actual range of cells that will be averaged, if omitted, the range will be used instead.

NOTE: Values with PHP or Philippine peso sign use Accounting number format . Its default uses dollar symbol $. To change this,
click the drop down arrow at the currency button then select MORE ACCOUNTING FORMATS, then change the symbol to PHP.
 To change the orientation of a text , press Ctrl +1. To open the Format Cells dialog box > Alignment tab> under
Orientation, specify the degrees want.
 When getting the AVERAGE Ex. If you have a list of numbers in cells D1 through D55 and you wanted the average of
these numbers, what would be the formula? =AVERAGE (D1:D55)
 If you will create a formula to get the 50% of a 100 item Quarterly Exam , what would be the formula?
=(Score/100)*50%

MICROSOFT POWERPOINT
Creating an Effective Presentation
1. Minimize- Keep slide counts to a minimum to maintain a clear message and to keep audience attentive.Most information
should still come from the reporter.
2. Clarity- A font size is about 72 is about an inch (depends on the screen size). A one inch letter is readable 10 feet away; a
two-inch letter is readable 20 feet away.
3. Simplicity-using bullets or short sentences; applying the 6x7 rule.
4. Visuals- using graphics that attract, not distract the audience.
5. Consistency-making your designs uniform
6. Contrast- using light font on the dark background and vice versa.

HYPERLINK- a text or object that contains a link to another file, web page, a place in a document, a link to a new document, or
an email address.
Embedding- the act of placing objects within the presentation.
USING HYPERLINKS IN MICROSOFT POWERPOINT
Ways to insert hyperlinks
1. Select an object or highlight a text.
2. Go to Insert> Hyperlinks (under links category) or to use the shortcut key Ctrl +K. The insert Hyperlink dialog box would
appear.
Link to options:
a. Existing file or Web Page-creates a hyperlink to website or a local file saved in your hard drive. Just browse your file
in the dialog box or type the web address.
b. Place in this document- creates a hyperlink that allows you to jump to a specific slide in your presentation.
c. Create a New Document- creates a hyperlink that onced clicked, creates a new document on your specified
location.
d. E-mail Address- creates a hyperlink that opens Microsoft Outlook that automatically adds your specified recipient
on a new mail.
3. When done, click OK to apply your hyperlink.

Embedding Objects in Microsoft PowerPoint

Embedding objects is easy using Microsoft PowerPoint. With this option, you can insert an Excel file that would look like a table to a
presentation.
Embedding an Excel File to your slide presentation
1. Go to the Insert tab
2. On the text group, click on Object
3. The insert Object dialog box would appear:
Options:
a. Creates New- creates a new file from scratch. You can select on a wide variety of files listed.
b. Create from File –creates a file from an existing file saved on your hard drive; simply browse the file to use it. Putting a
check on the “link” option will allow you to modify the Excel file inside your presentation.
4. Once you are done, click OK.
 Adding Hyperlinks to your Presentation
1. Insert action buttons on your presentation (action buttons are found on INSERT> SHAPES)
2. Create action buttons that will allow you to navigate to the next slide, previous slide, and first slide.
3. Insert hidden slides at he end of your presentation then insert an object containing your Excel files. Create hyperlinks to this
slide from the slides that contain charts corresponding to the data.
Note: Animation Tab - you click when you want to animate a part of your text in Powerpoint.
Insert Tab - used to add a sound or video clip to your slideshow.
Slide Show, Custom Transition- set the timing for each object in Microsoft PowerPoint

PRINCIPLES AND BASIC TECHNIQUES OF IMAGE MANIPULATION

1. Cropping -is the process of removing unwanted parts of the image focusing only on the subject.
2. Color Balance- is the command that will allow you to make changes in the mixture of colors in an image.
3. Brightness and Contrast- is the most basic command in adjusting the image tone such as highlights, shadows, and midtones.
4. Compression and resizing- is an important aspect in image manipulation . Images to be uploaded on the web must be of
standard resolution of 72dpi(dots per inch) to maintain its image file size of 30-50 KB.

ONLINE GRAPHICS SOFTWARES

1. Zenfolio -online image hosting site allows you to upload image and let you create an online image website for your images.
2. SlickPic -online image hosting services offers professional editing of images and allows you to upload and store unlimited
number of photos online.
3. Flickr -is the image social networking site which you can save and manage photos that offers 1 TB storage capacity in your
account.
4. Fotor -is the multiplatform image editing website that offers a wide range of effects and tools for editing images.
5. Pixlr -is the multiplatform image editing program that you can choose between the editor for editing images or creating original
images right through the browser.
6. Picasa- is Google’s free desktop image editing program which is available as online graphics software.
7. Photobucket- Almost similar features with Flickr as you can upload and share your images over the internet.
PRINCIPLES OF GRAPHICS AND LAYOUT
1. Balance-describes the placement of elements of equal weight on the page. There are three types symmetrical, asymmetrical
and radial.
Symmetrical- both sides of a composition are balanced.
Asymmetrical- both sides of a composition are balanced yet different.
2. Variety- visual element uses several design elements to draw a viewer’s attention.
3. Proportion- the visual element creates a sense of unity where they relate well with one another.
4. Rhythm- achieved when visual elements create a sense of organized movement.
5. Movement- guide the viewer’s eyes around the screen.
6. Emphasis- an area in the design that may appear different in size, texture and shape and color to attract viewer’s attention.
7. TEXTURE- art element that refers to the sense of touch.
8. CONTRAST- If two items are not exactly the same, then make them different, really different
9. WHITESPACE- “… it is the art of nothing”?
THE PROPERTIES OF COLOR
COLOR WHEEL - is circular chart is used to remember color relationships
HUE- name of the color itself
INTENSITY- the brightness of the hue
VALUE- the lightness or darkness of color

Name File Extension Use Supports Supports Animation

Transparency
Joint Photographic Real-life
Experts Group .jpeg or .jpg photographs, high No No
compression
Graphics Computer
Interchange Format .gif generated graphics Yes Yes

Portable Networks Screenshots, high

Graphics .png compatibility Yes No

Prepared by:

Rechelle Reregrino Glaeza T. Addun

Erdine T. Raful Glenah A. Taguibao
E-Tech Teachers
Recommending Approval: Approved by:
Glenah A. Taguibao Rocky T. Banatao
Subject Group Head MT2/ OIC-Assistant Principal II
TVL and SAND Department