ASSIGNMENT: 1

ROLL NO: 1 TO 20

SUBJECT: ENGLISH

SUBMITTED TO: Dr Iram

DATE: 12-DEC-19

TOPIC: TENSES
DEFINATION : Tense is the form in which a verb is used to express when an
action is , was or will be performed.

Types of Tenses:

 Present Tense
 Past Tense
 Future Tense

1.Present Tense: A tense expressing an action that is currently going on or a

state that currently or generally exists.

Types of present tenses are:

Present Indefinite : It represents an action which is regular are normal and uses the
base from of the verb.In case of third person singular number ‘s or es’ is added with the
verb.
 Structure:(S+1ST V+s’es+O)
Examples: The poet writes romantic poems.

Negative: (S+do,does+not+1st V+O)

The poet does not write romantic poems.

Interrogative: (Do,Does+S+1ST V+O)

Does the poet write romantic poems?

Present continuous : also called the present progressive,is a verb form used in modern
English that combines the present tense wit the continuous aspect.

Structure: (S+is,am,are+V-ing+O)

I am singing at church today

Negative(S+is,am,are+not+V-ing+O)

I am not singing at church today.

Interrogative:(Is,am,are+S+V-ing+o)

Am I singing at church today?

Present Perfect: is a tense of a word that indicates that an action has ended but not a
definite time.

Structure:(S+has/have+3rd form+O)

He has brought his paper.

Negative(S+has/have+not+3rd form+O)

He has not brought his paper

Interrogative:(Has/have+S+3rd form+O)

Has he brought his paper?

Present Perfect Continuous: The tense express an action that started in past and the
continued to present or recently stopped.

Structure:(S+has/have+been+V-ing+O+Time reference)
 They have been learning english for two years.

Negative:(S+had/have+not+been+V-ing+O+Time reference)

They have not been learning english for two years.

Interrogative:(Has/have+S+been+V-ing+O+Time reference)

Have they been learning english for two years?

2.PAST TENSE: is the tense expressing an action that has happened or a state that
previously existed.

Types of past tense:

Past Indefinite: indicates that the action described in a sentence has happened before
and is not a current happening.

Structure:(S+2nd V+O)

He visited me yesterday.

Negative:(S+did+not+1rst v+O)

He did not visited me yesterday.

Interrogative:(Did+S+1rst V+O)

Did he visited me yesterday?

Past Continuous: this tense is used to described actions ongoing in the past.

Structure:(S+was/were+V-ing+O)

It was raining yesterday.

Negative:(S+was/were+not+V-ing+O)

It was not raining yesterday.

Interrogative:(was/were+S+V-ing+O)

Was it raining yesterday?

Past Perfect: refers to events that happen in the past.

Structure:(S+had+3rd v+O)

I had written the letter.

Negative:(S+had+not+3rd v+O)

I had not written the letter.

Interrogative:(Had+S+3rd +O)

Had I written the letter?

Past Perfect Continuous: is used to indicate that a continuing action in the past began
before another past action.

Structure:(S+had been+V-ing+O+time reference)

I had been studying for an hour.

Negative: (S+had been +not+V-ing+O+time reference)

I had been not studying for an hour.

Interrogative:(had been+S+V-ing+0+time reference)

Had been I studying for an hour?

3.FUTURE TENSE: A tense expresses an action that has not yet happened or a state
that does not yet exist.

Types of future tense:

Future Indefinite: indicates that an action or occurrence has not happened yet and will
take place at some point in the future.

Structure: (S+will/shall+1st V+O)

I will go to the museum.

Negative: (S+will/shall+not+1st V+O)

I will not go to the museum.

Interrogative:(Will/shall+S+1ST V+O)

Will I go to the museum?

Future Continuous: tense used to describe actions ongoing in the future.
Structure:(S+will be/shall be+V-ing+O)

I will be helping sara tomorrow.

Negative:(S+will be/shall be+V-ing+O)

I will be not helping sara tomorrow.

Interrogative:(Will/shall +S+be+V-ing+O)

Will I be helping sara tomorrow?

Future Perfect: expresses idea that an activity will occur before some future time.
Structure:(S+shall have/will have+3rd V+O)

She will have cooked dinner.

Negative:(S+shall have/will have+not+3rd V+O)

She will have not cooked dinner.

Interrogative:(Will have/shall have+S+3rd V+O)

Will she have cooked dinner?

Future Perfect Continuous: used for action which will be in progress over a period of
time that will end in the future.

Structure:(S+will +have been+V-ing+O+Time reference)

She will have been living here for five years .

Negative:(S+will/shall+ have not+V-ing+O+Time reference)

She will have not been living here for five years.

Interrogative:(Will/shall+have been+V-ing+0+Time reference)

Will she have been living here for five years?