cheiron 29 {1 & 21 :23-27, Febnrary & April 2000

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF BROILER RATIONS WITH

LIVE YEAST CULTURE*
R. Richard Churchill, B. Mohan and K. Viswanattran
I
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:{
Department of Poultry Science
g
veterinary college & Research Institute, Namakkal - 637 001
a

ABSTRACT
The use of liue yeast culture in broiler mtion was tested
@ a biological Hal. The
treatment dieb cor{a1*d 0.0 or 0.1 or 0.2 percent lire yeai cdture.
Supplan*ti"g
broiler ratlm with o.2 pr cent liw yea$ cufture significantb p<0.05)
eighth week bo&7 wei-qht. Yemt supplerrentatio, ,er,rttd in-tnprowd
ir"r"u*a nI
ieed efficlerrcy
of p;.tuil;;
brn did not ha'.ae any effect on lirability of chicks. The relative weights
gizzard, heart, lir,rer,
ryrr"y, thlmus, hrrsa of Fab,ricius ana sfuen and eviscemted
carcass yield rerrained urcharged with yeast zupplementa$on.

Key words : Li'.rc yeast culture, Feed, Broilers

For many !rears, inactive dried yeast
has been used as protein supplernent in
chicken feeding. use of live yeasts as
probiotic in pulfuv nukition is relatively nelrr
although they are being used in baking and
brewing indusfuies for quite long time. uve
yeasts are knoum as rich sourc€s of uitamins,
enalmes, as digestive aids and as a basic
source of nutrienh. Benefidal effects of live
yeast suppl€rn€ntation in broiler ration
indude improved body weight {Burkitt e t ol.,
197 7; Stanley et o1.,1993), dmreased feed
consumption and increased feed efficienry
(lgnacio and sefton, lggs). Houuever yeast
supplementation was not found to alter
' thesis submitted to the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Antmal Sciences University,
::T:ly-''Sc'
trrst author.
carcass characteristics
in broilers (yadav et
al., 1994; Durst et al., lgg5).
Mucl-r work
has been done on its utility as probiotic in
ruminants {chadernana and offer, 19g0);
Williams et al., 1991). However,
information regarding it's us€ in chicken
feeding is scanty and hence the present sfudy
was initiated to evaluate th€ effect of graded
levels of live yeast culfure as probiotic on the
perforrnance and carcass characteristics in
broilers.
MATERIALSAND METHODS
.
A biological trial was conducted to
evaluate the usefulness of live yeast culture
in chicken feeding. Basal starter and
Chennai by the

2 Assistant Prcfessor, AICRP on Pouhry, College ol Veterinary and Anirnat sci,ences. Mannuthy, Thriszur,
Kerala - 680 651.

23
t

Richard Churchil et al

Table I
Physical and chemical composition of starter and finisher
mash

trngredients Starter Finisher

(O-4 weeks) (5-8 weeks)
Maize
50.00 61.50
Bajra
5.00 3.00
Deoiled rice bran
4.00
Sunflower oil cake
3.50
Soyakrean meai
15.00 16.50
Groundnut oil cake
14.50 4.00
Fish meal
9.00 9.00
Mineral
2.50 2.50
Total
1 00.00 1 00.00
Feed supplemente (g per I OO kg)
Trace minerai mixture
50.00 50.00
Vitamin
1 5.00 15.00
50.00 50.00
Lysine
100.00
Methionine
s0.00
Chernical cornposition
Crude protein (%)
22.97 20.a2
ME (KcallKs)
Lysine(%)-Calculated
2785.A0 2894.00 _l
I

L.2l 1.05
Methionine (%)-Calculated
0.51 0.42

1 Supplied per kg of diet: Calcium 6.49, phosphorus

1.2g, Manganese 54 mg,
Iodine 2mg, 7inc S2mg, Copper 2mg and Iron 20mg

2 Supplied per kg of diet: Vitamin A g00 I.u., vitamin B, 5mg, Mtamin D3 1200 IU
andVitaminKlmg
3 Contained D-Niho-O-Tolurride 2}o/owlw and Ethopabate
1..60/o w/w

24

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF BROILER RATIONS
finisher diets were prepared as per BIS
(L992) specifications (Table 1). The yeast
culture co'ntaini ng live cells of
Soc charomyces cereuis iae \uas
incorporated into the basal diet to Eet 0. 1
and 0.2 per cent concentrati,ons.
One hundred and eighty day-old
straight run cornmercial brojler chicks were
distributed at random into thied groups of
sixty chicks each having two replicates. The
chicks were fed ad-libitum with the
respective treatrnent diet through out the
study perioC cf I weeks. Other standard
n'lanagemental pnactices were corrrrnon to
ail the chicks irrespective of treatment.
Body weight and f.eed consurnption were
recorded at weekly intervals to calculate the
weight gain and feed efftctency. The
rnortality was recorded on its occurrence.
Six birds consisting three males and three
females from each treatment were drawn
randornly at the end of the experiment tc
study the eviscerated carcass yieid. Visceral
crgans iike proventriculus, gizzard, heart,
{iver and kidney and trymphoid organs like
thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen were
collected and weighed. Organ weights
were expressed as relative organ weight
(gram organ per 100 grarn body weight).
All the data obtained in this study
w€re subjected to analysis of variance under
Completely Ramd ornrzed Design (Snedecor
and Cochrdn, 1989).
RESI.JLTS AND DISCUSSION
Body weight at eighth week [able 2)
irnproved with increasing level of live yeast
25
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culture. At O.2 per cent inclusion level,
body weight was significantly (P<0 05)
higher than that in control . Similar
observation has been recorded by Rajic et
of" (1987). Several other workers (Yadav et
el,, L994; Durst et al., 1995) observed nc
significant difference on growtfr rate by
feeding yeast culture. At the end of the
experirnent, feed efficiency in control was
2.37 in comparisorr to 2.22 and 2.29 in
broilers receiving 0.1 and A .2 per cent yeast
culture respectively. The result of this study
coincides with the findings of Ignacio and
Sef tcre (1995) who alsc observed
improvement in feed, efficiency but differed
from that of Yadava et al. (1994) who
reported no change in f.eed efficiency. Live I
yeasts are the ideal source ol protein, t
vitamins, enryrnes and an unidentified growth
\
factor. In addition, live yeasts irnprove fibre
digestion and mineral availability. These
could be prcbable reasons for improved
grewth and feed efficiency in yeastfed broilers
cbsewed in this study.
In the present Sudy, inclusion of live
yeast culfure in the broiler ration did not have
much benefit on livability similar to the findings
of Vananuvat and Chiraratananon (7977).
The relative weights of different
viscerai and lymphord organs (Table 3) were
not changeC by feeding live yeast culture.
In contrast, Staniey et al, (1993) observed
lower relative proventriculus weight in
broilers fed rations containing 0. 1 per cen{
Sacch oromyces cereuisiae. Live yeast
culture had no significant (b0.05) effect on
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 Richard Churchil et al

Table 2
Effect of feeding graded levels of live yeast culture on production
' performance of broilers (O-8 weeks)
Body weight (g) Feed Mortality
Treatments
Day-old Eight week Gain efficiencgr to/rl
T1 (Control) 43.28 ! 0.24 t 21.45
1639.30u 1596. 02" + 21 .19 2.37 5.00
T2 (CI.1 per cent LYC) 43.31 r 0.28 1655.g0ub t 17 0c 7612"49"b r 16.70 2.22 6.67
TZ (0.2 per cent LYC) 43.27 t 0.27 i701.15b t 25 06 1657.88b t 24"75 2.29 5.00

Mean values within each column bearing at least one common superscript do not differ
significantly (P<0.05)

Table 3 \

Effect of feeding graded levels of live yeast culture on carcass

I
h
l
characteristics im broilers (0-S weehs) \

Relative Organ Weight NS

Treatments Proventri- Eviscerated
culus Gizzard Heart Liver Kidney Thymus Bursa Spleen ."n."r'a ;i"td
T1 0.37! 1 92+ 0 43t 2 t3t 0 70+ a 29tt 0 0951 0. 1 30r 61.7 4+
(Controi) 0 01 003 003 009 005 0 030 0 008 0.005 062
T2 0 40+ 1 .93+ 0 411 2 13t 0 73t 0 330r 0.092! 0. 1 35+ 62.54*
(0 1% LYC) 0 01 0.04 0,02 0 10 0.03 0 030 0 006 0.010 a.72
T'3 0. 38+ .85r 0.40+ 2.20+ 0 731 315t 0.097r 0.I26t
1 0. 62.55t
(0 20/o LYC) 4.02 0.n0 0.04 0.14 0.04 0.002 0.005 0.008 0.67

eviscerated carcass yield in this study Bahadur Zaf,ar Marg, New Delhi 110
suppcrting earlier observations (Durst et al., 002
1995: Subrata Sarkar et sl., 1996) Burkitt, R.F., Tha yer and Morrisor,R. D.
(t977). Supplementing market broiler
REF'ERENCES rations with lactobacillus and live yeast
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feeds.
IS 137 4-7992. Manak Bhavan, g,
26
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 EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF BROILER RATIONS
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27
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