International Global News

HEALTH SOCIETY BUSINESS SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY SPORTS

。Entertainment。娛樂 2020/02/17-02/22
1. Berlinale winner e___________ ___________ dilemmas of Iran's capital punishment --

Reuters 柏林影展得主探討伊朗死刑的道德兩難（ 2020/3/2 ） = death penalty

○ explore / probe / investigate / discuss and explain

2. BTS says new album tells of c____________ doubts and fears -- Reuters

防彈少年團表示 新專輯講述克服懷疑與恐懼（ 2020/2/27 ）

3. Fashion Institute of Technology apologizes after fashion show e_______es c__________y

over racist imagery – CNN

時尚技術學院就時裝展中具種族歧視的意象引發爭議提出道歉（ 2020/2/26 ）

。SPORTS。體育

4. Remembering Kobe Bryant: Michael Jordan and Beyonce share t__________es to Lakers

l_________d -- CNN

懷念柯比布萊恩：麥可喬丹、碧昂絲分享向這位湖人傳奇球員的致詞（ 2020/2/25 ）

5. Roger Federer p_______ ________ of French Open after knee s_________y – CNN

膝蓋手術後 羅傑費德勒退出法國網球公開賽（ 2020/2/21 ）

Sunny Cheng Business English & News March 7, 2020 1

。TECHNOLOGY。科技

6. NASA images show a d_________ in China's pollution r_______ed to coronavirus

s__________n – CNN

NASA 影像顯示 ( 因新冠病毒封城緣故 ) 中國的汙染降低了（ 2020/3/2 ）

7. New 'mini-moon' o_____ting Earth — for now, a__________ers say -- NBC News

天文學家表示 有一顆新的「迷你月球」目前在繞行地球（ 2020/2/28 ）

○ orbit / rotate / move around

。SOCIETY。社會

8. Greece stands f_____m on migrants, as Turkey opens floodgates to Europe – CNN

土耳其解開歐洲的限制 希臘對移民不讓步（ 2020/3/2 ）

9. Floods in Indonesia c＿＿＿＿l p＿＿＿＿e parts of city, cut power -- Reuters

印尼首都洪災癱瘓市區部分地區、造成停電（ 2020/2/25 ）

10. Venice C＿＿＿＿l to be h＿＿ted due to coronavirus outbreak -- Reuters

威尼斯嘉年華因新冠病毒疫情暫停舉辦（ 2020/2/24 ）

Sunny Cheng Business English & News March 7, 2020 2

 Global News English
ENTERTAINMENT
POLITICS SOCIETY BUSINESS SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY SPORTS

。Novel Coronavirus 。新型冠狀病毒

一 疫病名稱

1. 冠狀病毒 coronavirus
2. 新型冠狀病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
3. 嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎 (武漢肺炎) novel coronavirus pneumonia
4. 病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia
5. 不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause
6. 嚴重急性呼吸綜合症 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
7. 嚴重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
8. 急性呼吸窘迫綜合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
9. 中東呼吸綜合征 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
10. 呼吸道疾病 respiratory diseases

二 傳染防控

11.國際關注的突發公共衛生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)

12. 第二類傳染病 Category B infectious diseases
13. 人傳人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission
14. 移動傳染源 mobile source of infection
15. 潛伏期 incubation/latent period
16. 無症狀的潛伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period
17. 特定傳染病 specific infectious disease
18. 病毒帶原者 virus carrier
19. 無症狀帶原者 asymptomatic carrier
20. 超級傳播者 super spreader
21. 飛沫傳播 droplet transmission
22. 接觸傳播 contact transmission
23. 病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus
24. 隱性感染 subclinical infection/inapparent infection/silent infection
25. 外來傳染/外源性感染 exogenous infection
26. 密切接觸者 close contact
27. 接觸者追蹤 contact tracing
28. 傳染途徑 route of transmission
29. 傳播方式 mode of transmission
30. 宿主 host

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31. 易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population
32. (醫) 院內感染 hospital-acquired infection; nosocomial infection
33. 職業暴露 occupational exposure
34. 確診病例 confirmed case
35. 疑似病例 suspected case
36. 零星病例 sporadic case
37. 境外移入病例 imported case (輸入病例)
38. 二代病例 second-generation case (即遭第一代病例感染的本土病人)
39. 傳染性 transmissibility; infectivity
40. 致病性 pathogenicity
41. 疫情 epidemic; outbreak
42. 疫區 affected area
43. 發病 morbidity
44. 發燒病人 patient with fever; febrile patient
45. 重症 severe case
46. 發病率 incidence rate
47. 致死率 fatality/mortality/death rate
48. 治癒率 recovery rate
49. 疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control
50. 監測體溫 to monitor body temperature
51. 體溫檢測 to check body temperature
52. 早發現、早隔離 early detection and early isolation
53. 隔離治療 to receive treatment in isolation
54. 自我隔離 to self-quarantine
55. 臨床數據 clinical data
56. 核酸檢測 nucleic acid testing (NAT)
57. 血清診斷 serodiagnosis
58. 主動接受醫學觀察 to present yourself to medical observation
59. 解除醫學觀察 to be discharged from medical observation
60. 診斷、治療、追蹤和篩檢 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening
61. 預防措施 preventive measure
62. 疫苗 vaccine
63. 戴口罩 to wear a mask
64. 勤洗手、仔細洗手 Wash your hands often and well!
65. 消毒 disinfection
66. 避免人多的地方 avoid crowds
67. 健康篩檢 health screening
68. 健康申報表 health declaration form
69. 野味 bushmeat; game

Sunny Cheng Business English & News March 7, 2020 4

 。Listening Training 。聽力訓練

• Judy Woodruff:
Restrictions are escalating around the world tonight, in an effort to control the coronavirus outbreak.

Schools are being closed. Travelers are facing quarantines. And even the Church of the Nativity in
Bethlehem has been shuttered. In this country, Congress gave final approval today to an emergency funding
measure, as the Washington state announced an 11th death, making 12 nationwide.

William Brangham begins our coverage.

• William Brangham:
Another cruise ship stuck at sea because of coronavirus; 62 passengers are quarantined inside their cabins,
anchored in San Francisco Bay, after a passenger from a previous voyage on the ship died of COVID-19.

Elsewhere in the country, two new states had their first confirmed cases, Nevada and Tennessee.
• Lisa Piercey:
While we are saddened to learn that the virus has now reached Tennessee, our recent preparedness efforts
that the governor just mentioned have positioned us to respond swiftly and thoroughly.
• William Brangham:
In Washington, D.C., the Senate Homeland Security Committee heard from administration officials on the
federal preparation.

Republican Chairman Senator Ron Johnson said, no response is perfect, but the Trump administration is
doing all it can.
• Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis.:
The chances of the administration getting it just right, reacting perfectly, is zero. It won't happen. But, again,
from my own knowledge, my own interaction, what we have seen in terms of the interaction with the Senate
and the House, this is an all-government approach. This is all hands on deck.
• William Brangham:
Vice President Mike Pence, who is leading the response, echoed that sentiment during a trip to Minnesota.
• Vice President Mike Pence:
And we're going to continue to bring the full resources of the federal government to bear to confront the
spread of the coronavirus.
• William Brangham:
But in a phone interview on FOX News last night, President Trump seemed to contradict guidance from
public health officials about whether people should go to work if they think they have the virus.
• President Donald Trump:
We have thousands or hundreds of thousands of people that get better just by sitting around, and even going
to work. Some of them go to work, but they get better.
• William Brangham:
And he cast some doubt on the latest projections from the World Health Organization about the virus's death
rate.
• President Donald Trump:

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 Well, I think the 3.4 percent is really a false number.

Now, this is just my hunch, and — but based on a lot of conversations with a lot of people that do this,
because a lot of people will have this, and it's very mild.
• William Brangham:
And a senior health official today explained why the death rate could be lower.
• Anthony Fauci:
What the WHO numbers do not take into account the people that do not come in contact with medical
facility. That's the reason between the difference of 2 percent of a 3 percent mortality and a model of what it
might be, with a big range, if you counted people who are asymptomatic.
• William Brangham:
Other experts warn that going to work while infected is dangerous and could exacerbate this outbreak.

Lawrence Gostin specializes in global health at Georgetown University.

• Lawrence Gostin:
It's very clear, from a public health perspective, that if a person has flu-like symptoms, they shouldn't go to
work, they shouldn't go to school, because what we know about this coronavirus — and we know it very
clearly from other countries and from the United States in King County, Washington — is, is that it spreads
very rapidly in congregate settings, when people are crowded together.
• William Brangham:
Gostin also took issue with the general message the president gave last night.
• Lawrence Gostin:
I think the president's tone was to understate the seriousness of COVID-19. COVID-19, no matter what the
fatality rate will be, will be orders of magnitude more deadly than the flu.
• William Brangham:
That threat is why so many cities are seeing school and workplaces are shutting down across the globe.

In South Korea's Daegu City, which has born the brunt of that country's outbreak, usually bustling train
stations were empty today. A few brave train riders kept their faces covered with masks.

In Italy, primary school employees put up signs in Rome informing students class was out at least until
March 15. Back in the U.S., the Senate passed an $8 billion emergency spending bill aimed at combating the
virus domestically. The president is expected to sign that bill soon.

For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm William Brangham.

• Judy Woodruff:
Economic worries over the outbreak weighed down Wall Street today and wiped out most of Wednesday's
big gains.

The Dow Jones industrial average lost 969 points, to close at 26121. The Nasdaq fell 279 points, and the
S&P 500 dropped 106.

The coronavirus outbreak is also increasingly straining the health care systems and economic resources of
countries around the world. This week, the International Monetary Fund announced a $50 billion aid

Sunny Cheng Business English & News March 7, 2020 6

 package intended to help various governments buy needed medical equipment and ease expected slowdowns
in business activity.

Kristalina Georgieva is managing director of the IMF, and she joins me now.

Welcome to the "NewsHour."

• Kristalina Georgieva:
Thank you for having me.
• Judy Woodruff:
So, first of all, the question is, which countries are going to get this money?
• Kristalina Georgieva:
The $50 billion is made available to both low-income countries and middle-income countries that may be
severely impacted by an economic slowdown, as well as the need to respond to this crisis.

For the low-income countries, this is zero-interest loans. For the middle-income countries, the regular
conditions of the IMF.

What I want to stress is that what we want to make sure, Judy, is that people don't die just because of the
lack of money, and businesses don't collapse only because of the lack of immediately available credit.
• Judy Woodruff:
So, how do you do that? What exactly are you expecting countries to do with the money?
• Kristalina Georgieva:
So, what we're doing at the moment are two things.

We are engaging with governments to look at the countries that are at higher risk, either because their health
systems are weak, or because they're commodity-exporting countries, and prices are going down, or they
don't have fiscal space. They just have the money to be more aggressive.

And, secondly, we are discussing with our sister institution the World Bank how we can collectively support
countries to make the right decisions.

And what we're telling everybody is, number one, invest in your health provision, especially targeted to
more affected communities. Number two, immediately, put in place a plan, even if you don't yet need it, to
help businesses and to help families to cope with economic impact, because what we have in front of us is a
rather unusual shock that affects both demand and supply.

And that requires — that requires a rather unusual set of measures that we want countries to put in place as
quickly as possible.
• Judy Woodruff:
And you say as quickly as possible. So you're — I'm assuming you mean you have methods to get them the
money unusually quick.
• Kristalina Georgieva:
Yes. Yes.
• Judy Woodruff:
But I also want to ask, how can you make sure they're using the money the way you want them to?

Sunny Cheng Business English & News March 7, 2020 7

• Kristalina Georgieva:
Well, the — this is why we work with the World Bank as well.

The World Bank difference from the IMF is grounded in countries. They have a lot of knowledge about
health systems. They have a lot of staff personnel on the ground.

And what we want is collectively to give policy recommendations, and then have these recommendations
followed through. Because it is emergency financing, we can provide the resources virtually within weeks,
even sometimes within days.

But then there has to be support for countries, so they can spend this money wisely. And this is a case when
the international community truly needs to come together.
• Judy Woodruff:
How confident are you right now that world leaders are addressing this as they should?

One of the reasons I'm asking you is because there's a lot of conversation today about President Trump, for
example, speaking about the mortality rate not actually being as high as it reportedly is?

How do you assess how leaders are doing their jobs on this?
• Kristalina Georgieva:
There is clear recognition that we do need to work together.

And we had Secretary Mnuchin, Chairman Powell, all the leading ministers of finance and central bank
governors uniting and expecting from us, the international organizations, to be the platform to bring speed of
action.

We need to lean forward in this crisis with collective resources. And I want to make a very important point
for our viewers now.

We know, from previous health crises, that only one-third of the cost, the economic cost, of the crisis is from
direct impact, people unfortunately dying, not going to work, production shrinking. Two-thirds of the impact
is loss of confidence, uncertainty.

So, we have a very important role, not only to act, but to communicate these actions, be together in the face
of this uncertainty, so we can reduce the suffering and reduce the economic burden.
• Judy Woodruff:
Well, the seriousness is certainly coming across with what you are saying.

Kristalina Georgieva, the managing director of the IMF, thank you very much.

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