[63] He might go to New York lemight rain. (= 281s possible that be will goto New York) (= its powible that et wil rain) t+ infiniti (might go / might be / might rain cx}: be weryousthey ro come ei. Umight ... = itis posible that f will. : e to the cinema this evening. (= itis possitde that 5 will go) © A: When is Barbara going to phone you? don’t know. She might phone this afiernocn. © Take an umbrella with you. k might rain. # Buy a lorry ticket. You might be incky. {= perhaps you will be lucky) “F might. (= J might gp oot) © “Are you going out tonight?" Study the difference: ‘2 P'm playing tennis tomorrom. fue} J might play tennis tomorrow. fpessible} ‘© Barbara is going to phone later. faurr} Barbara might phone Inter. (possible) ‘The negative is might not: 9 I might not go to work pomormw. c (= its possible thar f will not go} ‘Sue might not come to the party. (= ix 4% possible that the will not come) sy ‘You can use may in the sameway. F may ... =I might ..: @ 1 may go to the cinema this evening, (= I might gs) Sue may not come to the party (= Sue might aot come) =hnOKto... Cand,EXERCISES 30 Write sentences with might 1 Ge posable that I'l go to the cinema) 2 OS poste that I sce you tomorrow) 3 (0s porate that Ann will forygt to phone) — 4 (es porate that wall snow todzy) 5 (is posmble that Il be bite tonight) ‘Write sentences with might wot 6 (@s pomible that Mary will not be here) 7 (¢s pomble that { won't have tume 09 meet you) ‘Somebody is asking you about your plans. You have some ideas but you are not sere. Chonse trom the st and wnite sentences witht might. fish goxway Haly Monday vewcar ti Where are you going for your holiday? ‘What are you doing a the weekend? ‘When will you see Ann again? What are you poing tw have for dinner? How are you going to get home tonight? Tear you won some money. What are ‘you going to do with i? J might 9p to the cinema. PU ke ‘Are yom plying tennis tomorrow? Are you going oot in the eventing? [Are yoo going to get up carly? ‘Are you working tomorw? “Will you be at home tomorrow morning? ‘Are you going to watch television? ‘Are you going oat in the afternoon? {or4 can and could can + infinite (cam do / can play / can come ric}: de Uwe/yourthey We hefshe/a J} cannot can") come ci. K cam do somethings = 1 know: howto do it of it is posible for me 0 do * Lean play the piuno. My brother cam play the pane too. ‘Sarah cam speak ttahan buc she can't speak Spanish ‘Cam yoo swim? “Yes, bat f'm not 2 very good swimmer! © "Can you change twenty pounds?” “Tm sorry, Lean't” ‘© Fm having a party next week but Poul and Jenny can't come. For the past (yesterday / last week etc), we use could/conida’t (© When I was young, I could rum very fast © Before Anna came to Bntain, the couldn't understand much Enghsh. Now she cam understand everythong. © I was tired fast mpbt bot I coulda’ deep. (© Thad 2 party lat week bur Paal and Jecary conkdn% come. Cam you... ? Could you ...? Caml. ? Could... ‘We ue Cam you ... ? or Could you ...? when we ack people w do dunes ‘© Cam you open the door, pleasc? or Could you open the door, picase? ‘© Can you wana moment, piease? or Coald you wait ...? We use Cam Thave ... 20¢ Could I have ... ? vo ack for something: © fin « shop} Cam I have these postcards, please? or Coald I have ...? Cam I... 2.0r Could I... ? = is OK t0 do something? © Tom, cam I borrow your umbrella? or Tom, conld I borrow your sptyetia? © fom the phone) Hello, cam V speak to Gerry, please? a ... could I speak... > Mey 2+ CF)EXERCISES ‘Ask Steve i he can do these things: AyRe (Can you do these things? Wire sentences about yourself. Use team orf can’t 71 oe = n - — 2 8 Complete these sentences. Use cas or can't + one ofthese verbs: come find hear see speak 4. fin sorry but we £40" ceme_ to your party next Saturday. 2 [hike this hotel mom. You the mountains from the window. 3 You are speaking very quietly. 1 4 Have youseen my big? f_.— 5. Catherine got the job because she ‘Complete these sentences. ise can't or coulda't + one of these verbs: eat decide find go go sleep 1 Ewastined but | couldn't sleep. ° — rym4 must = mustn’t needn't mast + infnitve (rust do / east see e1:): ‘do Vewe/you/taey Mop be/she/n | P| go write x. B Lie mse when you think itis necenary to do something: ‘© The windows are very dirty. | mast clean them. © fc52 tanesac film. You maist see © We must go to the bunk today. We haven't got any moncy. For the past (yesterday / last week ci.) we use had to... pot mast: We had to go co the bank yesterday. (net"We must po yesterday’) © Thad to wall home int night. Phere were oo buses oot mas walk} © samastnre (= mest net) Tmastn’t (do something) = itis nevemary met to do it, ie isthe wroag thing to doc ‘© Teast barry. } souste’t be ic. © J masta’ forget to phone jobs. {1 must remember to phone het) *® Be happy! You mustn't be sad. (= don't D needa’t (= need not) 1 needs’ (0 something) = ts nt mressery to doit, 1 don’t need 0 do it ‘¢ I aeeda’e cleam the windonn. They arent very dirty ** You needa’ go to the Bank today. I can give you 1ome money. ‘You can abo say don't need to ... = ncedat): ‘© I don't need to Gean the windows * Yoo dom’ need to go to the bank wut. Compare needn't snd mstn’e * You needn't go. You can say here if you want. © Yoo mustn't go. You mort sry bere. Shere we. CED325 EXERCISES 32 Coreg the sentences. Use meat + one of hese verbs. be ge go arm meet wash win 1 We mast 9 tothe hank txky, We havent got any money 2 Mantyn 9 avery interesting perma. Yor 3. My tardy are daery - them. ~ to drive. Ke wall be very wet s — tothe post othce I nced some stamps 6 The game tomorrow is very tnportant for us. We 7 You can’ always have things amumedusrely. You Poti feast oF ad to. 1 U had 6 0 00 the bunk yesterday to get some money. 2 Wstre 10 new 3 Toot wsually work on Saturdays but las Saturday —_ ‘ —— Ret up carly tomorrow. {ve pot 3 bot 1 5 t went to London by train lst week. The train was ful and — — sand all he way. © Twas acarly bite for ayy appointment this momming, rum to ext there om ume. 7 Tfsrgot to phone David yesterday... phe hams Later txt. ‘Complete the sentences. Use masta or needa » one ofthese verbs: lean forget, bury lose wait write 1 The windows arent very dirty. You Meedn't cea chem. 2 We have alot of ame. We 3 Keep these documents in 3 safe place. You a 4 Pon not ready yet bet yoo —_.______ for me. You can go now and {'E come fer. 5 We__.._______ tw tur off the lighe before we leave. the eter no F can do it tomorom TB We coukin’ zy until the end. [C We can't may until the end. [D We needa say una the cod. E We can sry antl che end. | ho HUT wake Put in mast/ kad te / maste’)/ seeds 3 You peedn’t_ ga You can stzy bere if you want. 2 ha fantastic film. You HSE see it F Rico enough food, 20 we geshopring & We dsdn't have any food yesterdirx 50 Wr. ee was what Yoo a ee ron hopcncd. don wan: ber kom 6 You — hurry or 1 be Late. . . & ehy wc qonanteet of ____— wart half am hoar for a bus" decide now. We can doorde Later. 9 We(You) should do something = it is 2 good thitig tw do, itis the right thing to do: © Tom should go to bed carlier. He goes to bed very fate and he's always tired. © Ita good film. You should go and see it (© When you ply tennis, you shonld ahways watch the ball. (You) shouldn’t do sesnething = it is not 2 good thing to da. Shouldn't = should not: © Tom shouldn’t go to bed so late. ® You watch TV all the time. You shouldn’t watch TV so wich. We often use think with should: I think ... should ... : ® I think Carol should bay some new clothes f= I think it is 2 good idea} ‘© Es late. I think I should ge home now. ‘Shall f buy this coat? : Yes, f think you should. I don’ think ... should... : * I don’t think you should work so hard. {= I don't think it is 2 good idea} ® Do you think I shonid buy this hat? © What time do you think we should go home? E Mose is stronger than should: ® its good film. You should go and see it © Its 2 fantastic film. You mmst go and sec it F Another way w say should ... is ought to © Iti a puod filin, You ought to go and see it. (= you should go) © [think Carol ought to buy some new cloches, (= Carol should buy) shot > CET eno CS]B3 BS wwe EXERCISES 33 Complete the sentences. Use yeu showld + one of these verbs. clean go take vist watch wear 1 When you ply tenn $8 should sakch he hall : 16 Lae arnt your very ted tw bed. teeth ewice a dy. 2 ito me, — the Sence Museum, [Ck very interesting, 5S When youre denne. a seat belt. © C3 too far wo wall front here to the staten, au. \Wnte about the people inthe prctures. Us2 He/She shosidn’t.. 90... You ask trier fot advice. Write questions with De you think shoal... ? 1 Youare im ashop. You ae tryingon ajacket ay?) You ask your fiend: Do you Buon 1 should buy this jacket? 2 You cant drive (learn?) You ask your frie Do you think ne 3. You don't he your job. (gee another job?) You sk your tremé ae 45 You are pong 00 Fave a party. (ewvite You ask yout friends Write sentences with think... showid... or don't think... shostd 1 kes Lite. (go home now) _} think we should go home now. . 2 That casts 000 bee yoa. fbuy in) 1 don’t think you should buy ib, 3. You dont need your car. (ect) __ 4 Diane needs a rest. (have a holiday) 5 Sally and Colin are too young. (get aurried) —_ 6 You're not well chix morning. (go t0 work) 7 Somes isn't well today. (go to the doctor) —_ 8 "The hotel is too expennve fr us (stay there) ‘Wrat do you think? Write sentences with sheald. 1 thank pomp shea tm ether Lanpuae 2 U thmnk everybody - a 3 thank as 4 tdew't thank 5 I think I dyould — - ~ -04 Ihave to... T have to do something = itis necessary for me to do it, Vam obliged to do ie Lwelyousthey have | t do it to work to go heshe/t has | OR © Tt be lace for work tomorrow. f have to go oo the dentist. © Jill sears work 2t7 o'clock, so she has to get up 2 6. © "You have to pass 2 text belire you can get a driving licence. The past (yesterday / last week ic) ic ad to... ‘© Iwas hate for work yesterday. I bad t6 go to the dentist. © We had to walk home last might. These were no buses. In questions and negatives we use do/does (present) and did (past}: pervert do twe/yousthey Tewe/yourthey don't does he/she/it ~ he/she/t doem’t past Uwe/yousthey Hwe/yourthey | 4, he/shetic | Rave to? he/she/ie | Sdn bawe to © Whic time do you have to go to the dentist tomorrow? © Does fill have to work on Sundays? © Why did they have to leave the party eatly? I don’t have to (do something) = iis not necenary to do it. © I'm not working tomorrow, so f don't have to get up carly. © In doesn’t have to work very hard. He’ pot an easy job. (© We didn’t have to wait very long for the bus. must and have to ‘Use must or bave to when you say what yew think is necessary. when you give your opinion: © Its a fantastic film. You must sec it. or You have to sce it “When you are not giving oor personal opinion, use have to (not romast}: ‘© Jl won't be at work this afternoon. She has to go to the doctoe. (this s not xy personal opinion — itis a fact} © fn muny countrics, men have to do military service. (ths is aot my opinion — itis the aw in those countries} eevect / memata’t / newdia’e > TEwad EXERCISES 34 Complete the sentences. Use have te or hax to + one of these verbs: do read speak travel weer 1 My cyes are not very good. 1 have to wear gases. 2 At the end of che course all the students : 3. Mary is studying brerature. She alot of books. 4 Alcredocsnt understand nach Engish. You very omy to bom. 5 Kate is not often at home. She —_ —_—— aloinber ‘Complete the sentences. Use have te or had be + one of these vert: answer buy change go walt 1 We had to walk home lst night. There were no buses. 2 Wie boee. f now 1H see you tomorrow. 3. Ewent to the supermarket after work yesterday. 1 — 4 This train doesn't go all the way to London. You 5. We did an exam yesterday. We ‘Complete the questions. Some are present and some are past. Thave to get up early tomorrow ‘Geonge had so wait a long time. Liz has to go somewhere. ‘We had to puy alot of money. 1 have to do some work. ates, “Which is correct? Sometimes mast and fave te are both correct 1 itsa great films. You mmst see /havetosce t. both arecorrect - 2 Ja many corntries, men-smst-de 7 have to-do miliary service. have to do is correct 3 You can’t park your car bere for nothing, "You mast pay / have to pay - 4 Tdhdo’t have any money with mc last nigh, so } mast borrow / had to borrow some. 5 [eat e00 much chocolate. I really must stop / have t0 stop. : 6 “Why & Pauls going now? “She most meet / hus to meet somebody’ J Whars wrong? You must tel / have to tell me. J want to help you. ‘Write some things that you (oF your friends or far) have to do or hac to do. 1 heore to travel ten wiles every dey. 1 (every doy) 2 (every dy) 3 (tomorow) ———————$ > 4 Geenby) — — ——— ————— mmWould you like...? I'd like... Borat yoru the... P= Dies yo warn? We we Wer pers Nir? 14 fer thors © Wark yom Vike wxne comer? 1s Pen tech yom OA Would you like s chelate? Yoo. plese A Wis wend yine bike, tes or eter? Bea, phew We une Would you Fike to. ? us smiate sometoaty: © Would you like to go bie a wolk? © A. Would you like to have ducaicr woth 1 on Sisestay? By Yeu, I'd love to. (=F wcald love wo hazee danevee with yo} © What would you like to do this evening? BF tke... ins posite way to xy I warn’. Vd hike = 1 would hike: © Vis dusty Ved ke 3 brik © in a ures offur) Va Wee sone ishornativon soon bostcs, please. © 1d tke to see the fies on wheveivn thn evan, Cond you tke .. 2 wd Boo yous lke ... 2 Would you like. ?/ Fa lke Do yoo Bike... 2/1 like. Do you like tra? = Do you think tea Would you like seme tea? = Doyo ware | Do yo anne ea? © A: Would yom Fike to gto thecnema | © A: Do you like going to the cinema? ronypel (= Do you wasn to ops tomight? im general B: Yes, } gp to the cinema a hoe. © Tike orangss. (om general) 1S Yes, td low to © 1d like an veangy, plone: (= Can Thave ae easier) © Wha would you like w do newt werken? | © What do you like w do at weekends? ps ie tor et he og + TY wee do verge dEEXERCISES aw . What are the people in the pictures saying? Use Waukd you Hike... 7 = Ny ( ; > 35.2 What do you say to Sue in these situations? tse Weald you the te... A 1 iecipe tgs secs tenigh: Rvp Soc wren: vem penne ese nee aig ~ 2 You want to phy tennis Perhaps Sue will play tno. (phy) You say: = x 4 You hive an extra Gcket for a concert next week, Pechups Suc will go. (gp) You say: a a . 5 Tey rainmg and Sue going out. She hasn't got an umbeeBa but you have one. {borrow} You uy: : 353° Wrichisright? 1 "Desgmehike / Wou'd you like a chocolate?” “Yes, plese! Would you hike 1 fight 5 2 “Du yu Whe / Wow'd you Whe banana?” "Ye, Move them! ~ 3 "De yw Ike / you like an ice-cream ‘No, thank you . 4Whut db you like 7 « lke to drink? —_°A glass of water, plese” $ “De you tte / Womb you bike bo our fora wah?” "Not gow. Perhaps beet” 6 Tide / Ti fake wonnatocs bur f dom eat them wery offen. J What eine dbs wou hke / would you like 6» huve dinner the evereg? 7 Wansbt yous he something eo 20” “No, thanks 9 "Darwen koe 7 Wort yout ake your new job?” “Yer, Fmt enpoyang 1” : 1 Hin aret Viske / Tali ta yo to tee om. ome hungry! mm