TAREA 1 – ANÁLISIS VECTORIAL (6%)

MATEMÁTICAS ESPECIALES
CÓDIGO: 2503510

PROFESOR:
ANDRÉS FELIPE SERRANO BARRIOS

ESTUDIANTES:
MANUEL GÓNGORA MENDOZA
JUAN PABLO CARREÑO
PAOLA MORALES GÓMEZ

UNIVERSIDAD DE ANTIOQUIA
2020
FECHA DE ENTREGA: 15/03/2020
(35%) - Point 1: Application of coordinate systems to physics.
Assume that the particle M of mass m is thrown inside a circular cylindrical container vertically
distributed, radius Rm and height H.
The friction of M with the wall was analyzed and it was determined that it was insignificant, the
only friction which is representative is viscous rubbing (with respect to air, also called damping
effect in English) which is inversely proportional to the fluid velocity as shown at continuation:

F rv=−b ⃗v
⃗

Said particle is thrown in contact with the horizontal cylindrical surface of magnitude v 0.
Decide:
a) (10%) The vertical velocity v z (t ) as a function of time and the function of height z as
a function of time.
b) (12%) The angular velocity of P as a function of time.
c) (13%) Value that the coefficient b must have for M to reach just one revolution,
assuming that the container is infinitely long.

Note: To solve this point, show the chosen coordinate system referenced correctly in the
diagram, justify your selection.

ANSWER:

a)

A cylindrical coordinate system is chosen such that the z coordinate

is zero at the bottom of the cylinder. With this, the position vector is
initially:

r = R ^ρ + h ^z

The position, velocity and acceleration for any moment is then

determined by the vectors:

r⃗ = R ^ρ + z ^z , ⃗v = Rφ̇ φ^ + ż z^ , a⃗ = -Rφ̇ 2 ^ρ + Rφ̈ φ^ + z̈ z^

The existing forces are viscous rubbing, of the form ⃗ F rv = -b ⃗v , the normal ⃗
N = -N ^ρ ,
and the weight m ⃗g = -mg ^z . By replacing ⃗v in the expression for viscous rubbing, the
equations of motion remain:

^ρ : -mRφ̇ 2= -N
φ^ : mRφ̈ = -bRφ̇ (integrable)

2
 ^z : m z̈ = -mg-b ż (integrable)

v z (t )=¿ ż (t) ^z is sought that results from integrating the equation ^z :

⃗

z (t ) t
d ż
d ż
dt
b
=−(g+ ż ) →
m
∫
z0=0
( ) b
g+ ż
m
=− ∫ ( dt )
t =0 0

m b
→
b (
ln 1+
mg
ż =−t )
−b
[
⸫ ż ( t )= mg e m −1 (m/s)
b
t
]

To find z ( t ) integrates ż ( t ):

z (t ) t
m2 g m t t mg
−b −b

z0=h
∫ ( dz )= ∫
t 0=0
( mg
b
e [ m
t
])
−1 dt→ z ( t )=h− [ b2
e ]
−
0 b
t

−b
mg m2 g [ m
t
]
⸫ z ( t )=h− t− 2 e −1 (m)
b b

b) To calculate the angular velocity φ̇ , φ^ is integrated:

φ̇ t
d φ̇ b R φ̇ −b
∫
φ̇ 0=
v0
( )
φ̇
=− ∫
t =0 m
dt → ln
0
v0
=
m ( )
t
( )
R

v 0 −b t
⸫ φ̇ ( t )= e m (rad/s) (*)
R

c) The condition to be imposed so that m only turns ( φ f −φi=2 π ) , assuming that ( h → ∞ )

, is also that the time it takes to fall to the bottom of the cylinder will be infinite ( t → ∞ ).
Thus, the equation (*) is integrated:

φ=2 π t =∞
v 0 −b −v m −b t mv
∫ ( dφ )= ∫ ( R
e m dt → 2 π= 0 e m ∞=0+ 0
t

)
Rb 0 Rc
[ ]
φ=0 t=0

m v0
⸫ c=
2 πR

(35%) - Point 2: Direct application of the theorems

 F =¿ yz ,−xz ,1> ¿. Let's call S the portion of the paraboloid
With the function ⃗

( z=4−x 2− y 2 ) that is present in the first octant. Check Stokes' theorem for both parts of
equality.

ANSWER:

Stoke’s theorem:

∫ ⃗F d r⃗ =∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) ds
Right side:

i^ ^j k^
⃗
∇x⃗

⃗
F=
∂
|
∂
∂x ∂ y
yz −xz
∂
∂z
1
|
^ ( 0− y ) ^j+ (−z− z ) k^
∇x⃗
F =( 0+ x ) i−
⃗
∇x⃗ ^ y ^j−2 z k^
F =x i+

Considering: z=4−x2 − y 2=g ( x , y ), the following theorem can be used for a normal vector
directed upwards.
 Theorem: Evaluation of a flow integral.
Be S an oriented surface given by z=g ( x , y ) and be R is its projection on the plane xy .

∬ ( ⃗F · ⃗ F · [−g ( x ) i−g
N ) ds=∬ ⃗ ^ ( y ) ^j+ k^ ] dA
For a surface facing up.
So:

∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) ds=∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) · ⃗N dA

4
¿ ∬ [ ( x i+
^ y ^j−2 z ^k ) · (−g ( x ) i−g
^ ( y ) ^j+ k^ ) ] dA

¿ ∬ [ ( x i+
^ y ^j−2 z k^ ) · ( 2 x i+2
^ y ^j+ k^ ) ] dA
yf xf

¿ ∫ ∫ ( 2 x2 +2 y 2−2 z ) dxdy
yi x i

Con z=4−x2 − y 2
yf xf

¿ 4 ∫ ∫ ( x2 + y 2−2 ) dxdy
yi xi

Evaluating the integral in the polar coordinates:

∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) ds=∬ f ( ρ ,φ ) ρdρdφ
x=ρ cos φ
y= ρsin φ

π
2 2

∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) ds=4 ∫∫ ( ρ2−2 ) ρdρdφ

0 0

π
2
ρ4
∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) ds=4 ∫
0
[ 4 ]|
−ρ2 2 dφ
0
π
2

∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) ds=4 ∫ [ 4−4 ] dφ
0

∬ ( ⃗∇ x ⃗F ) ds=0

Left side:

∫ ⃗F d r⃗ =∫ ⃗F d ⃗r +¿∫ ⃗F d ⃗r +¿∫ ⃗F d ⃗r ¿ ¿
c r1 r2 r3

(*)
 ∫ ⃗F d r⃗ =∫ ( Md x1 + Nd y 1 + Pd z 1 ) +¿∫ ( Md x 2 + Nd y 2 + Pd z 2 ) +¿∫ ( Md x 3 + Nd y 3 + Pd z 3 ) ¿ ¿
c r1 r2 r3

π
r 1 ( t ) =( 2cos t ) i^ + (2 sin t ) ^j+ 0 k^ →0 ≤ t ≤
2
π 4+ π
r 2 ( t ) =0 i^ + ( √ 4−2t + π ) ^j + ( 2t−π ) k^ → ≤ t ≤
2 2

( √ 4−6− π2 +t )i+0
r3 ( t ) = ^ ^j+ 6+ π −t k^ → 4 + π ≤ t ≤ 12+ π
( 2 ) 2 2
For ⃗ ^
F ( x , y , z )= yz i−xz ^j+ k^ with (*) and replacing:
π 4+ π 12+ π
2 2 2

∫ ⃗F d r⃗ =∫ ( yz d x 1−xz d y1 + d z 1 ) +¿ ∫ ( yz d x 2−xz d y 2 +d z 2) + ¿ ∫ ( yz d x 3−xz d y 3 + d z 3 ) ¿ ¿

c 0 π 4+ π
2 2

π 4 +π 12+ π
2 2 2

∫ ⃗F d r⃗ =∫ [ 0−0+ 0 ] dt +¿ ∫ [ 0−0+2 ] dt+¿ ∫ [ 0+ 0−1 ] dt ¿ ¿

c 0 π 4 +π
2 2

4+π 12+ π

c
| |
∫ ⃗F d r⃗ =2 [ t ] 2π −[ t ] 4 +π
2
2

∫ ⃗F d r⃗ =4− 82 =0
c

(30%) - Point 3: Reference to work

For the vector function ⃗ F =( 2 xy + z3 ) ^μ x + ( x2 +2 yz ) μ^ y + ( y 2 +3 y z 2−1 ) ^μ z obtain the work

done by a particle that is allowed to flow trough current lines of the point (0,0,0) at the point
(2,1,3).

ANSWER:

First, we will observe if the field is conservative doing the rotational, then:

i^ ^j k^
F ) =⃗
rot ( ⃗ ∇x⃗
F=
∂
∂x
| ∂
∂y
2 xy + z 3 x 2 +2 yz
∂
∂z
y 2 +3 y z 2−1
|
6
 ∂
[ ( y 2+3 y z 2−1 )− ∂ ( x 2+ 2 yz ) i^ = [ 2 y−2 y ] i^ =0 i^
]
∂y ∂z

∂ 2
[ ( x +2 yz )− ∂ ( 2 xy + z 3 ) k^ =[ 2 x −2 x ] k=0
] ^ k^
∂x ∂y

rot ( ⃗ ^ 0 ^j+0 k^ =⃗0

F )=0 i+

Since the rotational is the null vector is the field conservative, then it proceeds to find the
potential function 𝛷 ⸫ ⃗
∇ Φ= ⃗F

F =f x μ^ x +f y ^μ y + f z ^μ z
⃗

f x =2 xy + z 3

f y =x 2+ 2 yz

f z = y 2+ 3 x z 2−1

∂Φ ∂Φ ∂Φ
f x= ; f y= ; f z=
∂x ∂y ∂z

∂Φ
2 xy+ z3 = →∫ ( 2 xy + z 3 ) dx=∫ dΦ → 2 y x 2 + x z 3 +C yz=Φ (1)
∂x

∂Φ
x 2+ 2 yz = →∫ ( x 2 +2 yz ) dy=¿ ∫ dΦ → x 2 y + y 2 z+C xz =Φ (2)¿
∂y

∂Φ
y 2 +3 x z 2−1= →∫ ( y 2 +3 x z 2−1 ) dz=¿∫ dΦ → y 2 z+ x z 3−z +C xy =Φ (3)¿
∂z

(1) = (2)

x 2 y + z 3 +C yz=x 2 y+ y 2 z +C xz → C yz = y 2 z( 4)

(2) = (3)

C xz=z 3 x (5)
x 2 y + y 2 z+C xz= y 2 z+ x z 3−z +C xy →
C xy =x2 y (6)

(4) in (1) → x2 y + xz 3+ y 2 z ( 7 )

(5) in (2) → x2 y + y 2 z + z 3 x (8)

(6) in (3) → y 2 z + z 3 x−z + x 2 y ( 9 )

Then:

Φ=( 7 ) −( 8 ) +( 9)

Φ=x 2 y + xz 3 + y 2 z −( x 2 y + y 2 z + z 3 x ) + y 2 z+ z3 x−z + x 2 y

Φ= y 2 z + z 3 x −z+ x 2 y ( 10 )

Now we will prove that:

⃗
∇ Φ= ⃗
F

∂Φ ∂Φ ∂Φ
μ^ x + ^μ y + ^μ = ⃗
F
∂x ∂y ∂z z

∂Φ
μ^ =( 2 xy + z 3) μ^ x (11)
∂x x

∂Φ
μ^ =( x 2+ 2 yz ) ^μ y (12)
∂y y

∂Φ
μ^ =( 3 x z 2+ y 2 −1 ) μ^ z (13)
∂z z

F =( 11 ) + ( 12 ) + ( 13 )
⃗

F =( 2 xy + z3 ) ^μ x + ( x2 +2 yz ) μ^ y + ( 3 x z 2+ y 2−1 ) μ^ z
⃗

Since you satisfy that ⃗

∇ Φ= ⃗ F and the field is conservative, then you can find the work
(W). You must replace the point (2,1,3) and the point (0,0,0) in the potential function,
then subtract and that will be the work (W):

W =( 1 )( 3 )+ ( 27 )( 2 ) −( 3 ) + ( 4 ) (1 ) −0

W =58 Julios