Comportamiento de la Generación de Residuos Sólidos Domésticos en el Distrito de Chaclacayo

Comportamiento de la Generación de Residuos Sólidos

Domésticos en el Distrito de Chaclacayo

Orostegui Melendrez, Kenny1

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Resumen

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Abstract

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Introducción
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Distrito de Chaclacayo

Delimitación del
Mapa del distrito
área de estudio
70 viviendas
Preparación de por estrato
Estrato social
la información Muestreo aleatoria-
mente estratificado
Alto Medio Bajo

Muestreo en
Muestras Estudio de la fuente
seleccionadas los residuos
-Muestreo por 8 días
-Recojo selectivo

Bolsas Análisis de Pesado de

codificadas generación cada bolsa

Método Análisis de -Segregación

cuarteo composición -Pesado

Resultados

Base de datos

Análisis estadístico

Figura 1 – Diseño del experimento del proyecto

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Tabla 1 – Resumen de resultados de la generación de residuos domiciliarios
NSE UNIDAD PPC
RESIDUOS DOMICILIARIOS
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%!*(!*,#&$'(!'3&'?!(#&',!*%/&3'(!'3&'FF,'!$'?&D2/'
!*'!3'!$%/&%2'&3%2A'$!+B#(2'F2/'!3'!$%/&%2'?!(#2'D'J#0
*&3?!*%!'!3'!$%/&%2'@&P25'b&/,>&'K4::TA'F5'44M'&+/!+&'
VB!'!Z#$%!'B*&',2*$#(!/&@3!'(#J!/!*,#&'!*'!3'"23B?!*'
D' !$%/B,%B/&' (!' 32$' /!$#(B2$' +!*!/&(2$' F2/' 32$' (#0
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F!,B3#&/#(&('!*'!3',2?F2/%&?#!*%2'(!'32$'(&%2$'(!'
3&' FF,A' 2@%!*#O*(2$!' VB!' 3&' F/2(B,,#-*' (!' /!$#0
(B2$'!$'?&D2/'!*'!3'!$%/&%2'@&P2'!*',2?F&/&,#-*'
,2*' !3' !$%/&%2' ?!(#2' D' &3%2A' %&3' ,2?2' $!' F/!$!*%&'
!*'3&'J#+B/&'85'.*'!$%B(#2'/!&3#S&(2'F2/';,2,#B(&('
K899X&A' F5' U\MA' !*' !3' (#$%/#%2' 3#?!h2' (!' 1#33&' G&/>&'
(!3' ]/#B*J2A' /!F2/%&' VB!' 3&' FF,' !*' !3' !$%/&%2' @&P2'
K95\9\'C+[I&@[(>&M'!$'?&D2/'&3'!$%/&%2'?!(#20@&P2'
K95X\U'C+[I&@[(>&MA'32'VB!'#*(#,&'VB!'32$'/!$B3%&(2$'
!*,2*%/&(2$'!*'!3'F/!$!*%!'!$%B(#2'%&?@#O*'$!'(&*'
!*'2%/2$'N?@#%2$5'
;$%2' *2' VB#!/!' (!,#/' VB!' !3' *#"!3' $2,#2!,2*-?#,2'
*!,!$&/#&?!*%!' *2' #*J3BD!' !*' 3&' FF,' (!' /!$#(B2$A'
$#*2'VB!'$!'(!@!'&'2%/2$'J&,%2/!$5';*'3&'S2*&'!3!+#(&'
,2?2'!$%/&%2'&3%2A'+/&*'F&/%!'(!'3&'F2@3&,#-*'(!$&0
%&*%!$'2'F2@3&(2/!$'VB!'!Z#$%!*'!*'3&'32,&3#(&('K B#S'
899X@A'F5'4QMA'F2/'32'VB!'!*'HI&,3&,&D2'$!'"#!*!'+!0
*!/&*(2'&F/2Z#?&(&?!*%!'B*'%2%&3'(!'8:5RU'%2*!3&0
(&$'(#&/#&$5'=&/&',&3,B3&/'!$%!'"&32/'$!'I&'F/2D!,%&(2'
!3'*g?!/2'(!'I&@#%&*%!$A'!*'@&$!'&'B*&'%&$&'(!',/!0
,#?#!*%2'(!'95Q'_'!$%#?&(&'F2/'!3')*$%#%B%2'6&,#2*&3'
(!';$%&(>$%#,&'!'#*J2/?N%#,&'Kc)6;)d'899\MA'D'$!'I&'+!0
*!/&(2'32$'(&%2$'(!'F/2(B,,#-*'F!/',NF#%&'KFF,M'(!'
/!$#(B2$'(!',&(&'!$%/&%2'$2,#2!,2*-?#,2'K]&@3&'4M5
TOTAL
N° DE HAB.
(Ton/día)
95R8 R8RU U5QQ
95TX 4UX9: :5:U
95TT 89RR\ 4\5Q8
X9UUT 8:5RU
//233&'$B$'&,%#"#(&(!$'JB!/&'(!'!$%!'!*%2/*2A'F/N,%#,&0
?!*%!'$-32'33!+&*'&'(2/?#/'&'$B$'I2+&/!$5'Y2'?#$?2'
2,B//!'!*'!3'!$%/&%2'?!(#2'F!/2',2*'?!*2/'#*%!*$#0
(&(5'<(!?N$A'!*'!$%!'g3%#?2'$!'I&'!"#(!*,#&(2'VB!'
?N$'(!'B*'X9_'(!'3&$'"#"#!*(&$'$2*',&$&$'(!',&?0
F2A'32$'VB!'$2*'I&@#%&(&$''!"!*%B&3?!*%!5'
;*'+!*!/&3A'3&'FF,'(!3'(#$%/#%2'!$'(!'95T4'C+[I&@[(>&'
,2*'B*&'(!$"#&,#-*'!$%N*(&/'(!'95U9'C+[I&@[(>&'$!0
?!P&*%!'&3'"&32/'VB!'$!'?&*!P&'&'*#"!3'*&,#2*&35'
Y&' ,2?F2$#,#-*' F/2?!(#2' (!' 32$' /!$#(B2$' !*'
32$' %/!$' !$%/&%2$' $!' ?B!$%/&' !*' 3&' J#+B/&' UA' (2*(!'
$!' 2@$!/"&' VB!' !3' F/#*,#F&3' $B@F/2(B,%2' (!' 32$' /!0
$#(B2$'!$'3&'?&%!/#&'2/+N*#,&A',2?F/!*(#(&'F2/'32$'
/!$%2$'(!',2?#(&A'"!+!%&3!$A',N$,&/&$'D'2%/2$A'',2*'
B*&' #*J3B!*,#&' (!3' \U5TX' _5' L!' I&' (!%!/?#*&(2' B*'
(&%2'$#?#3&/'(!'\\59R'_A'!*'!3'(#$%/#%2'(!'1#33&'G&/>&'
(!3']/#B*J2''K;,2,#B(&(A'899X&A'F5'U\M5'=2/'$B'F&/%!'
H< ;0=!/g'K,#%&(2'F2/';,2,#B(&('899X@A'F5'UUM'!*0
,2*%/-'VB!'!*'!3'(#$%/#%2'(!'L&*'WB&*'(!'YB/#+&*,I2A'
$!'%#!*!'B*&'/!F/!$!*%&,#-*'(!3'\:'_5
;$%B(#2$' /!&3#S&(2$' !*' !3' #*%!/#2/' (!' *B!$%/2' F&>$A'
,2?2'!$'!3',&$2'(!3'(#$%/#%2'(!'H&P&?&/,&A'I&*'!*0
,2*%/&(2' VB!' !3' \R54Q' _' (!3' %2%&3' (!' 32$' /!$#(B2$'
+!*!/&(2$A' F!/%!*!,!' &' 3&' ?&%!/#&' 2/+N*#,&' K B#S'
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Comportamiento de la Generación de Residuos Sólidos Domésticos en el Distrito de Chaclacayo

0.78
0.77
0.76

0.74 0.74

0.72
Kg/hab/d’a

0.71
0.70

0.68

0.66

0.64

0.62 0.62
0.60
Estrato Alto Estrato Mediano Estrato Bajo Figura 2 – Generación ppc
de residuos por estrato so-
Media distrital cioeconómico

899X@A'F5'89MA'32'VB!'#*(#,&'VB!'$!'%#!*!'B*',2?F2/0
%&?#!*%2' B*#J2/?!' !*' 32$' (&%2$' ' (!' ,2?F2$#,#-*' &'
*#"!3' *&,#2*&3A',2//2@2/&*(2' &$>' 3&' &B%!*%#,#(&('(!3'
F/!$!*%!'!$%B(#25
L!+g*' ;$VB#*,&' D' 2%/2$' K4::RA' F5' XM' !$' #?F2/%&*%!'
,2*2,!/'!$%2$'F2/,!*%&P!$A'D&'VB!'!$%2'*2$'F!/?#%#/N''
(!%!/?#*&/'(!'?&*!/&'#*?!(#&%&'3&$'&3%!/*&%#"&$'(!'
$23B,#-*'F&/&'!3'?&*!P2'D'(#$F2$#,#-*'J#*&3'(!'!$%2$'
/!$#(B2$5'fB!*/2$%/2'D'2%/2$'K899\A'F5'XM',2?!*%&*'
VB!' ' g3%#?&?!*%!' 32$' ,&?@#2$' !*' 32$' F&%/2*!$' (!'
,2*$B?2' %#!*(!*' I&,#&' 3&' I2?2+!*!#S&,#-*' (!' 3&'
,2?F2$#,#-*'(!'32$'/!$#(B2$'!*'32$'(#J!/!*%!$''!$%/&0
%2$'$2,#2!,2*-?#,2$5'

Orgánico
52.70%

Material fino < Papel y cartón

10 mm Inertes 8.94%
1.94% 6.19%
Plástico liviano
Papel higiénico 3.73%
6.33% Cuero Vidrio Plástico rígido
2.08% Metal Jebe Aluminio 4.72%
2.31% 2.08% 4.07%
3.01% Figura 3 – Composición
Textil Baterias y pilas promedio de los residuos
1.75% 0.16% sólidos en el distrito

HIB*+'K8998A'F5'RTM'?!(#&*%!'B*'!$%B(#2'(!'?!/0
,&(2'(!%!/?#*-'VB!'!3'F3N$%#,2'3#"#&*2A'!3'F3N$%#,2'
(B/2A' !3' "#(/#2A' 32$' ?!%&3!$' K3&%&$A' J#!//2$A' !%,5MA' !3'
F&F!3' D' 32$' ,&/%2*!$' $2*' 32$' F/#*,#F&3!$' $B@F/20
(B,%2$'/!,#,3&@3!$'(!'32$' LG5' B#S'K899X@A'F5'4:M'
&+/!+&'VB!'3&'?&%!/#&'2/+N*#,&'!$'B*'+/&*'F2%!*0
,#&3' F&/&' 3&' !3&@2/&,#-*' (!' ' ,2?F2$%A' IB?B$' (!'
32?@/#SA'!%,5
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(!%!/?#*&/' VB!' !3' !$%/&%2' &3%2' ?!(#2' D' @&P2' "#!*!*'
+!*!/&*(2' F2/,!*%&P!$' $#?#3&/!$' (!' ' /!$%2$' 2/+N*#0

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Comportamiento de la Generación de Residuos Sólidos Domésticos en el Distrito de Chaclacayo

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,&/%-*'!*'!3'!$%/&%2'&3%2'JB!',&$#'(!3'(2@3!'(!'32'!*0
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;$%2' $!' &$!?!P&' &' 32$' !$%B(#2$' (!' ,&/&,%!/#S&,#-*'
D',2?F&/&,#-*'(!'/!$#(B2$'!*%/!'F&>$!$'(!$&//233&0
(2$'D'!*'">&$'(!'(!$&//2332A'(2*(!'32$'F/#?!/2$'$2*'
,&F&,!$'(!',2*$B?#/'&/%>,B32$'(!'3BP2'D'*2'$-32'(!'
F/#?!/&'*!,!$#(&(A'D'F2/'!*(!'3&',&*%#(&('(!',&/%20
F2/'fB!*/2$%/2'D'2%/2$'899\A'F5'XM5'
<'F!$&/'(!'!$%&'(!,3&/&,#-*A'*2'$#!?F/!'32$',2?F2*!*0
%!$' !$%N*' #*J3B!*,#&(2$' F2/' !3' J&,%2/' $2,#2!,2*-?#,2'
D&'VB!'&3+B*2$''$B@F/2(B,%2$'(!'32$'/!$#(B2$'%#!*(!*'
&'$!/'I2?2+O*!2$'!*'32$'%/!$'!$%/&%2$'KfB!*/2$%/2'D'
2%/2$'899\A'F5'\MA',2?2'!*'!3',&$2'(!3'"#(/#2'K]&@3&'8M5'

Tabla 2 – Cantidades estimados de los residuos sólidos reciclables

RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS RECICLABLES POR NIVEL SOCIOECONÓMICO

ALTO MEDIO BAJO

TIPO
_ j+ _ j+ _ j+

Orgánico \45:8 89485:U \854Q \4Q8594 \45RT Q4TX54T

Papel y car-
485\4 XQX5:T 4858Q 484:588 \58R QU45\U
tón
Plástico
U5T\ 4X\58T R58U R4Q5:: X59R RX85U4
liviano
Plástico
U58U 48\59T X5\T X\U5:U U5Q4 R985R9
rígido

Vidrio \5QR 88T589 \5T4 \RR5TQ 4.54 T4T5T\

Metal 858Q QQ5XQ U588 U4:5\9 45\9 8UR5:Q

Total Q95\\ U48U58U QX5\: QU::5Q8 Q45X8 48QQ95RT

^#*&3?!*%!A',&@!'?!*,#2*&/'VB!'32$'(&%2$''F/!$!*0
%&(2$' FB!(!*' "&/#&/' !*' 3&' ?!(#(&' VB!' #*%!/"!*+&*'
J&,%2/!$' !Z%/&h2$A' ,2?2' !$' !3' ,&$2' (!' 32$' /!,#,3&0
(2/!$'#*J2/?&3!$A'3&'J&3%&'(!',B3%B/&'!*'3&'F2@3&,#-*'
VB!'2F%&*'F2/'VB!?&/'32$'/!$#(B2$'/!,BF!/&@3!$A'3&'
&3#?!*%&,#-*'(!'&*#?&3!$'F2/,#*2$',2*'32$'/!$%2$'2/0
+N*#,2$A'!*%/!'2%/2$5
Conclusiones
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(#&'(#$%/#%&3'(!'95T4'C+[I&@[(>&5
<'3&'J!,I&'$!'"#!*!'+!*!/&*(2'B*'%2%&3'(!'8:5RU']2*'
(#&/#&$'(!'/!$#(B2$5'a!'!$%!'%2%&3A''B*'\U5TX'_'!$%N'
,2?FB!$%2'F2/'?&%!/#&'2/+N*#,&A'$!+B#(2'F2/'!3'F&0
F!3'D',&/%-*',2*':548'_A'U5Q9'_'(!'F3N$%#,2'3#"#&*2A'
U59T'_'(!'F3N$%#,2'/>+#(2A'X5Q4'_'(!'"#(/#2A'X54X'_'(!'
&3B?#*#2A'954R'_'(!'@&%!/>&$'D'F#3&$A'8548'_'(!'P!@!A'
45T:'_'(!'%!Z%#3!$A'8548'_'(!',B!/2A'R5X\'_'(!'F&F!3'

G !(#&*%!' !3' F/!$!*%!' !$%B(#2' $!' I&' !*,2*%/&0

(2'VB!'3&'FF,'(!'/!$#(B2$'(2?#,#3#&/#2$''!*'!3'
!$%/&%2'&3%2'!$'(!'95R8'C+[I&@[(>&A'95TX'C+[I&@[(>&'
I#+#O*#,2'D'J#*&3?!*%!'R5U4'_'(!'?&%!/#&3'#*!/%!5

;*' ,B&*%2' &' 32$' /!$#(B2$' /!,BF!/&@3!$' F2/' !$%/&%2A'

F&/&' !3' !$%/&%2' ?!(#2' D' 95TT' C+[I&@[(>&' !*' !3' !$0
%/&%2'@&P2A'32'VB!'#*(#,&'B*',2?F2/%&?#!*%2'#*"!/0
$2'&'32$'/!F2/%!$'VB!'&3+B*2$'!$%B(#2$'I&*'I!,I25'
=/#*,#F&3?!*%!'(!@#(2'&'VB!'+/&*'F2/,!*%&P!'(!'3&'
F2@3&,#-*' /!&3#S&' $B$' &,%#"#(&(!$' JB!/&' (!3' 3B+&/A'
&$>',2?2'%&?@#O*'(!@#(2'&3',&?@#2'(!'F&%/2*!$'(!'
,2*$B?2'IB?&*2'VB!'!*'!3'?B*(2'$!'"#!*!'(&*(2'
$!'%#!*!'VB!'!3'?&D2/'F2/,!*%&P!'(!'+!*!/&,#-*'(!'
F&F!3' D' ,&/%-*' &$>' ,2?2' (!' 32$' "#(/#2$A' !$%N' /!F/!0
$!*%&(2'F2/'!3'!$%/&%2'&3%2',2*'B*'485\4'_'D'\5QR_A'
/!$F!,%#"&?!*%!5' ;*' 32' VB!' ,2*,#!/*!' &' 3&' +!*!/&0
,#-*'(!'F3N$%#,2'3#"#&*2A'F3N$%#,2'/>+#(2'D'?!%&3!$A'$!'
%#!*!' &3' !$%/&%2' ?!(#2' ,2*' ?&D2/' /!F/!$!*%&%#"#(&('
!*'B*'R58U'_A'X5\T'_'D'858Q'_A'/!$F!,%#"&?!*%!5'

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Comportamiento de la Generación de Residuos Sólidos Domésticos en el Distrito de Chaclacayo
Recomendaciones
m'a!$&//233&/'B*'!$%B(#2'F&/&'(!%!/?#*&/'$#'32$'F&%/20
*!$'(!',2*$B?2'VB!'!$%N*'#*J3BD!*(2'!*'3&'FF,'(!'
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%B(#2A'@/#*(&*(2'$B'%#!?F2'D',23&@2/&,#-*'(!$#*0
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Referencias
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44UQ0:TQQ5'c,2*$B3%&(2'!*'98'(!'?&D2'(!'899Qd'^2/0
?&%2' F(J5' a#$F2*#@#3#(&(' 3#@/!' !*l' qI%%Fl[[```5B@5!$[
+!2,/#%[$*0X\04Q5I%?n
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