Chapter 1: Introduction: Matter and Measurement

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1. Accuracy: refers to the proximity of a measurement to the true 32. Temperature: is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the
value of a quantiy particle in a sample
2. Analytical Chemistry: taking measurements 33. Temperature properties of water:: - 0C is the freezing point
3. Areas of Chemistry: -Organic -100C is the boiling point
-Analytical 34. Types of Changes: Chemical: -Chemical changes result in new
-Inorganic substances
-Physical *combustion, oxidation, decomposition, etc
-Biochemistry 35. Types of Changes: Physical: -these are changes in matter that
4. Atoms: are the building blocks of matter do not change the composition of the substance
5. Biochemistry: combination of biology and chemistry *changes of state, temperature, volume, etc
6. Celsius equation: C=5/9(F-32) 36. Types of Properties: -Physical
-Chemical
7. Centi: 10^-2 (c)
-Intensive
8. Chemistry: studies matter, its properties and its behavior -Extensive
9. Chromatography: this technique separates substances on the 37. Types of Properties: Chemical: -Can ONLY be observed when
basis of differences in solubility in a solvent a substance is changed into another substance
10. Compound: made of two or more different kinds of elements *Flammability, corrosiveness, reactivity with acid, etc
11. Deci: 10^-1 (d) 38. Types of Properties: Extensive: -DEPEND upon the amount of
12. Density equation: d=m/v these substance present
13. Distillaiton: uses differences in the boiling points of substances *mass, volume, energy, and etc
to separate a homogeneous mixture into its components 39. Types of Properties: Intensive: -are INDEPENDENT of the
14. Element: made of the same kind of atom amount of the substance that is present
*density, boiling point, color, etc.
15. Fahrenheit equation: F=9/5(C)+32
40. Types of Properties: Physical: -Can be observed without
16. Filtration: solid substances are separated from liquids and
changing a substance into another substance
solutions
*Boiling point, density, mass, volume, etc.
17. Inorganic Chemistry: metals
18. Kelvin equation: K=C+273.15
19. Kilo: 10^3 (k)
20. Matter: defined as anything that has mass and takes up space
21. Micro: 10^-6 ( µ)
22. Milli: 10^-3 (m)
23. A milliliter of a cube is equal to: 1 centimeter (cm) long on
each side
24. Nano: 10^-9 (n)
25. One liter of a cube is equal to: 1 decimeter (dm) long on each
side
26. Organic Chemistry: studies reactions
27. Physical: combination of physics and chemistry
28. Pico: 10^-12 (p)
29. Precision: refers to the proximity of several measurements to
each other
30. States of Matter: -gas
-liquid
-solid
31. Steps of the Scientific Method: 1) Observation
2)Hypothesis
3)Experiments
4)Scientific Law/Theory