Advertising
categorised by subject.
Ad: abbr. advertisement - advert abbr.
Advertisement: item of publicity for a product or service, in
magazine, on TV etc.
Logistics companies will use the media to offer their services.
Advertising Agency: company specialising in producing and
placing advertisements for Clients.
Companies specialized in making companies visible
AIDA: Attention, Interest, Desire, Action - the objective of
most advertisements
Benefit: Advantage of a product or service, usually derived
from its features
Companies multiple benefits to their customers to have their
loyalty.
Billboard: signboard, usually outdoors, for advertising posters;
hoarding
The billboard can be used to capture information.
Circulation: Average number of copies of a magazine sold in a
particular period
Conveyors use the main routes for the circulation of goods.
Classified ads: small advertisements in magazine or newspaper
Classified ads are used to employ staff
Commercial: paid advertisement on radio or TV.
The commercials are used by companies with good economic
solvency.
Coupon: part of a printed advertisement used for ordering
goods, samples etc.
The coupons are used to promote producer.
Double-Page Spread: advertisement printed across 2 pages in
a magazine or newspaper
Information that is reflected in more than 2 pages.
Eye-catcher: something that especially attracts one’s attention
- eye-catching.
Multinationals are very eye-catchers for professionals looking
for stability.
Features: special characteristics of a product, usually leading
to certain benefits.
The features of a product are those that can stand out from
others.
Hoarding: signboard, usually outdoors, for advertising posters;
billboard.
Large surface companies monopolize international markets
Poster: large sheet of paper, usually illustrated, used as
advertisement.
we ask all posters to respect the forum rules.
Prime Time: hours on radio & TV with largest audience, esp.
the evening hours
Commercials are more expensive in prime time.
Promote: to (try to) increase sales of a product by publicising
and advertising it.
Colombia looks for ways to promote the country's exports.
Slot: specific time in a broadcasting schedule, when a
commercial may be shown.
When transporting merchandise, you should take full advantage
of the slots that are available.
Target: objective; what one is aiming at - target audience
One of Colombia's objectives is to increase exports over
imports.
U.S.P.: Unique Selling Proposition; what makes a product
different from others.
Having added values about the product captures customer
attention.
Banking
Balance: the difference between credits and debits in an
account.
Colombia needs Balance its international relations.
Bank Charges: money paid to a bank for the bank’s services
etc.
bank charges or interests that must be paid to financial
institutions.
Branch: local office or bureau of a bank
Business place where multiple Branch are installed.
Checkbook: book containing detachable checks; chequebook.
Checkbooks are used to not carry large amounts of money
Check: written order to a bank to pay the stated sum from
one’s account; cheque.
Checks are routinely used in workers' settlements.
Credit: money in a bank a/c; sum added to a bank a/c; money
lent by a bank.
Credit is used by small companies to increase production.

Credit Card: (plastic) card from a bank authorising the
purchasing of goods on credit.
Currently, citizens prefer to pay their purchases with a credit
card
Current Account: bank from which money may be drawn at
any time; checking account.
The current account is the option you have to have the money
protected and which can be available at any time.
Debit: a sum deducted from a bank account, as for a cheque.
Debit are the deductions that the company has with a financial
entity.
Deposit Account: bank on which interest is paid; savings
account.
Savings for a certain time where a percentage of interest is
paid.
Fill In: to add written information to a document to make it
complete; to fill out.
If you don´t fill in every answer on the form, cannot continue
Interest: money paid for the use of money lent.
When a loan is acquired, interest must be paid either revolving
or fixed.
Loan: money lent by a bank etc and that must be repaid with
interest.
Loans are usually used to undertake some type of business.
Overdraft: Deficit in a bank account caused by withdrawing
more money than is paid in.
When you spend more than you have it is assumed as overdraft.
Pay In: to deposit or put money in to a bank account.
I went to the bank to deposit a check to a business account.
Payee: person to whom money is paid.
Remember to write the name of the payee on your cheque.
Paying-in slip: small document recording money that you pay
in to a bank account.
When you have planned to make a transfer of goods you must
have the paying-in slip.
Standing order: an instruction to a bank to make regular
payments.
The bank agreed she could pay by standing order.
Statement: a record of transactions in a bank account.
¿Do I have to make my income statement every year?
Withdraw: to take money out of a bank account.
The bank was forced to withdraw after suffering heavy
casualties.
Company Structure
Accounts Dept.: department responsible for administering a
company’s financial affairs.
The Accounts Dept corresponds to the segment of the company
where the accounting is kept.
A.G.M.: Annual General Meeting of a company’s
shareholders.
Group of shareholders who meet every year to validate the
earnings of investments known as the Annual General Meeting.
Board of directors: a group of people chosen to establish
policy for and direct or control a company.
The board of director sets out the guidelines of how the
company should function in the short, medium and long term.
Chairman: person who heads a Board of Directors; head of a
company chairperson
Companies require a president, who will be responsible for the
proper functioning of it.
Director: a member of the board of directors.
The director is above the advisor and the leader of the
company.
Executive Officer: person who manages the affairs of a
corporation – chief executive officer.
The executive officer is considered the person of the highest
level of responsibility and authority.
Headquarters: a company’s principal or main office or centre
of control.
Every organization requires a headquarters from where they
can operate and provide their services.
Manager: person responsible for day-to-day running of a dept.;
executive
Officer.
Managers are usually responsible for each headquarters that a
company has.
Managing Director: senior director after the chairman
responsible for day-to-day direction.
The managing directors are those who are pending that the
production is carried out correctly. Area assigned for the transformation of the raw material.

Marketing Dept.: dept. responsible for putting goods on Purchasing Dept.: department responsible for finding and
market, inc. packaging, buying everything needed by a company.
advertising etc.
Department assigned to study and make the purchase of raw
The dept marketing is responsible for making all references to materials.
the salesforce, implementation plans for increased sales, among
others. R & D Department: department responsible for Research and
Development of (new) products.
Organisation Chart: a table or plan showing a company’s
structure graphically. They are given the responsibility of creating new products and
assign added value to existing ones.
Graphical representation of the structure of a company or an
institution. Reception: the place where visitors and clients report on
arrival at a company.
Personnel Dept.: department responsible for recruitment and
welfare of staff or They are women in charge of the attention to the public and the
Employees. requests of the internal personnel of the company.

The Personnel Dept is the one that is in charge of selecting the Sales Department: department responsible for finding
personnel more according to the offers that the company has. customers and making sales.

President: the highest executive officer of a company; head of They are buyers responsible for having direct contact with
a company. customers.

The president is considered as the main image of the company Shareholder: person who holds or owns shares in or a part of a
before the national or international market. company or
corporation
Production Dept.: department responsible for physical
creation of producto.
The shareholder is the person who makes investments in
projects that generate good profitability.
Vice President: any of several executive officers, each
responsible for a separate
División.
The vice president is the one who replaces the president in
commitments that cannot participate by agenda.
Contracts
Agreement: an arrangement between two or more people,
countries etc; contract.
Contract or agreement are used in the concretion of an export
or import
Appendix: additional or supplementary material at end of
contract, book etc.
You can place appendix on contracts as value added between
negotiators.
Arbitration: settlement of a dispute by a person chosen by
both parties.
Arbitration is usually used in divorces where they fight for
child custody.
Article: a particular statement or stipulation in a contract etc;
clause
In international business contracts it is important to leave an
article expressing what type of INCOTERMS will be used.
Clause: a particular statement or stipulation in a contract etc;
article.
When a breach of the negotiation terms is generated, it will be
necessary to apply the corresponding clause.
Condition: anything necessary before the performance of
something else.
Before concluding any type of negotiation, opportunities in put
on conditions for the conclusion of contracts.
Force Majeure: superior, power; unforeseeable event excusing
one party from fulfilling contract.
It is considered that natural disasters prevent compliance with
the delivery of goods coming from abroad and is considered as
forced majeure.
Fulfil: to satisfy a condition; to complete the required task; to
fulfill.
If we want customers to be faithful to the company, it is
necessary to complete the promise.
Herein: in here; in this (document etc)

Herein this contract will be all compliance clauses
Hereinafter: in the following part (of this document etc)
By complying with the contract conditions from now on, we
will buy with you.
Hereto: to this (document etc) [eg: attached hereto]
We allow you to attach hereto the company documentation.
Heretofore: up until now; until the present; before this.
In the international markets of Colombia heretofore will see a
small growth.
In behalf of: in the interests of (person etc); for (person etc);
on behalf of.
On behalf of the company we want to thank you for the
delivery in each of its functions.
Null and void: invalid; without legal force; not binding.
The accusations they did not make were nulls and voids before
the courts.
On the one hand: on one side - on the other hand on the other
side.
On the one hand we have this proposal where prices are low
and on the other hand the product quality is higher.
Party: the person or persons forming one side of an agreement.
Stipulate: to specify as an essential condition – stipulation.
The primary conditions must be well stipulated in the export
contract.
Terms: conditions or stipulations.
The terms by which the contract was signed must be fulfilled
within 6 months.
Warrant: to give formal assurance; to guarantee.
In order to have greater safety on the roads, the warrants of the
traffic police must be followed.
Whereas: it being the case that; in view of the fact that [in
introduction to contracts].
Whereas everything stipulated in the contract is fulfilled does
not open any problem between the parties.
Employment
Bonus: additional pay given to employee as incentive or
reward.
Company employees have the right to receive a bonus for
meeting the goals.
Curriculum vitae: short account of one’s education, career
etc; CV.
Letter of introduction of a professional before a company.
Dismiss: to remove or discharge from employment.
Due to the high number of job vacancies, companies discard
those who do not meet the full profile
Employer: person or firm who employs people.
Working for a big employer can be Good, as there are often
oppotunities for promotion within the company.
Fire: to dismiss.
They fired him for being late each mornig
Interview: an oral examination of an applicant for a job.
The person in charge of selecting the best CVs is known as
interview..
Make redundant: to dismiss because of not being needed.
It make redundant because it did not meet the goals required
by the sales department.
Maternity leave: period of absence from work (for a woman)
when having a baby.
Temps often provide cover while a full-time employee i son
maternity leave.
Notice: advance warning of intention to resign - to give or
tender one’s notice.
Pablo realized that he needed to take his employer´s notice
concerning his por behavior seriously.
Perk: perquisite; something additional to regular salary.
My salary isn´t very high but his job comes with great perks
like health insurance and a staff discount.
Personnel: the people who work for a firm.
We need to send a memo to all personnel to advise them of
changes within the company
Personnel officer: manager responsible for recruitment,
training and welfare of personnel.
The personnel officer is responsible for responding to the work
of an area of the company.
Promotion: advancement in rank or position.
Andres got a promotion last week, she is manager of her
deparment now.
Prospects: opportunity for success, promotion etc.
This course offers the prospet of spending a year in Paris.
Recruit: to look for and employ personnel.
At corporate fairs, personnel are recruited for different
vacancies.
Resign: to give up a job.
Andrea didn´t like her job, so she resigned.
Retire: to leave employment, esp. because of age.
George retired from the Navy three years ago.
Salary: a fixed, regular payment, usually monthly, made by
employer to employee.
In Colombia, a large part of the population has a minimum
salary.
Staff: the people who work for a firm or a particular
department; employees.
The company is planning to hire new staff son.
take on: to employ; to hire.
Taking on the directorship was his first mistake.
Import/Export
Bill of lading: list of goods and shipping instructions; waybill.
Specified in detail what is sent.
c.&f.: cost & freight: includes shipping to named port but not
insurance.
It is used only in cases of maritime transport
C.I.F.: cost, insurance & freight: includes insurance and
shipping to named port.
obliges the seller to take out insurance during transport.
Cargo: goods or products that are being transported or shipped.
The ship´s cargo Will be inspected when it docks in a foreign
country.
Certificate of origin: a document that shows where goods
come from.
Document issued and / or approved by the chambers of
commerce or other competent bodies of the exporting country
Container: huge box to hold goods for transport.

To transport merchandise to other continents it is necessary to
have a container.
Customs: 1 government tax or duty on imported goods 2 the
people who collect this tax.
You may have to pay customs on imported godos.
Declare: to make a statement of taxable goods - customs
declaration form.
Acts by which the consignee and / or importer of the
merchandise expresses his desire to give him a customs
destination through the declare.
F.A.S.: free alongside ship [includes delivery to quayside but
not loading]
refers to the Incoterm that forces the seller to take the
merchandise to the side of the ship.
F.O.B.: free on board: includes loading onto ship.
The Incoterm FOB commits the seller to unload the
merchandise on board the vessel that has been agreed with the
buyer.
Freight: goods being transported; cargo
You have to do the freight of the merchandise in the truck.
Irrevocable: that cannot be undone; unalterable - irrevocable
letter of credit.
The online business claimed an irrevocable commitment to
quality.
Letter of credit: a letter from a bank authorising a person to
draw money from another bank
means of payment issued by a solvent entity.
Merchandise: things bought and sold; commodities; wares.
The Merchandise takes more than a month because they go by
boat.
Packing list: a document that is sent with goods to show that
they have been checked.
The packing list is reflected that so much merchandise will be
transported.
Pro forma invoice: an invoice or request for payment sent in
advance of goods supplied.
A proforma invoice is a document that contains the details that
the final invoice will later include.
Quay: a solid, artificial landing place for (un)loading ships;
wharf.
The quay´s always full of boats in summertime.
Ship: to send or transport by land, sea or air.
The ship leaves in twenty-four hours for Canada.
Shipping agent: a person acting for or representing a ship or
ships at a port.
The shipping agent is responsible for transporting the goods
from port to port.
Waybill: list of goods and shipping instructions; bill of lading.
They waybill contains statements regarding the weight and
packing of the goods.
Insurance
Actuary: a person who calculates risks for insurance
companies.
The actuary is responsible for calculating the insurance of the
merchandise to be imported or exported.
Assessor: a person who calculates the value of something [eg:
a building, car etc].
Every company needs to assign value to the merchandise
according to the standards for that they have their respective
assessor.
Claim: an application for payment under an insurance policy.
Their claim was that they had been cheated.
Comprehensive: [of an insurance policy] all-inclusive;
providing complete protection.
The final exam Will be comprehensive of everything we´ve
studied this semester.
Consequential loss: a loss that happens as a consequence of or
as a result of another.
The consequential loss is considered when merchandise is lost
in customs for not complying with the necessary requirements.
Cover: the protection given by an insurance policy.
This plan provides you with cover in case of hurricanes.
Employer’s liability: liability or responsibility of a firm for
damage caused to one of its employees.
It is considered employer’s liability when the employee suffers
an accident during their work.
Goods in transit: property, merchandise or any goods in the
process of being transported
Insurance bróker: agent who arranges insurance; middleman
between insurer & policyholder.
natural or legal persons, independent of the Insurance
Companies.
Liability: 1 the state of being liable 2 anything for which a
person is liable.
Every sane person has legal liability for his or her own actions.
Liable: legally obliged to pay for damage, injury etc;
responsable.
I´m happy to install the update on your competer, but if
anything goes wrong, i won´t be liable.
Loss: death, injury, damage etc that is the basis for a claim.
Juan´s son died recently it was a terrible los for the whole
family.
Loss adjuster: a person who assesses the amount of
compensation arising from a claim.
The loss adjuster is responsible for making changes to last-
minute merchandise.
Policy: a contract of insurance [eg: a product liability policy].
We need a new car insurance policy.
Policyholder: the person to whom an insurance policy is issued
The Policyholder is the only person who can communicate to
claim it.
Premium: a payment, usually monthly, yearly etc, for an
insurance policy.
Insurance payment must be made for each merchandise sent
abroad.
Product liability: liability or responsibility of a firm for
damage caused by one of its products.
The seller assumes the product liability when the damage
occurs within the responsibilities of the incoterm.
Public liability: responsibility of a firm for damage caused to a
member of the public.
The public liability will be applied when the company performs
work that affects the integrity of the town or country.
Reinsurance: the insuring of a risk by one insurance company
with another.
When the merchandise presents a higher damage than was
thought of must reinsurance.
Risk: 1 chance or possibility of injury, loss etc 2 person or
thing causing risk.
I risked bankruptcy with that last deal.
Law
Attorney: a person appointed to act for or represent
another.
For any legal problem that an organization has, always open a
lawyer
Barrister: a lawyer who pleads before a superior court.
Barristers wear wigs in court, just like judges
Brief: 1 instructions to a barrister - also v. 2 written
statement of facts for a court.
The chief briefed his agents on the recent developments of the
case
Case: statement of the facts in a trial, esp. the argument of
one side.
This is a clear case of political interference
Contract: a formal agreement, usually in writing, between
two or more parties.
He contracted with the company to provide services
Court of law: the place where law cases are heard and
decided; court.
The court of law it is a public body whose main
purpose is to exercise jurisdiction.
Evidence: information presented to a court to prove or
support a point in question.
There is some evidence that he stole the money
Guilty: responsible for wrong; culpable
The detectiveinspector questioned the suspect to ascertain
whether she was guilty
Judge: public official with authority to hear and decide cases
in a court of law
Yhe case was judged by justice
Jury: a group of people chosen to hear the evidence of a case
and give a decisión
The jury found the defendant guilty
Lawsuit: a trial at court between two private parties.
The company launched a lawsuit against their competitor for
patent violations
Lawyer: a person trained in law and who advises or
represents others.
She fired her court-appointed lawyer and hired a private firm
Plead: 1 to defend a law case 2 to declare oneself to be
guilty or not guilty.
Martha´s lawyer pleaded her case
Sentence: 1 decision of a court, esp. as to the punishment
2 the punishment.
The judge sentenced the convicted to thirty years in prison
Solicitor: 1 lawyer advising clients & briefing barristers 2
law officer for a city Etc.
When he was arredted for armed robbery, bell refused tos ay
anything to the pólice witout his solicitor being present
Sue: to start legal action against someone in a court of law.
Senastian sued his employers after his accident a work
Sum up: to summarise & review the evidence of a case
The speaker was coming to the end of her talk and began
summing up.
Trial: a formal examination of a case in a court of law.
The prosecutor presented evidence at the trial
Verdict: the formal decision or finding of a judge or jury.
The jury are ready to announce their verdict
Without prejudice: without detriment or damage to a
legal right or claim.
This case is dismissed without prejudice
Marketing
Brand: a particular make of producto.
¿What Brand of shoes do you buy?
Consumer: the person who buys and uses a product or
service.
Consumers are spending more on automóviles this year
Cost: to estimate the price of making a producto.
I´ll do the ordering and you can cost.
Develop: to create a new product or improve an existing
one.
The developed the computer programme to the leve lof
sophistication it has today
Distribution: the delivering of products to end-users, inc.
advertising, storing etc.
the logistics center delivers the shipments for distribution
End-user: the person, customer etc who is the ultimate (and
so real) user of a producto
The end user´s point of view is too often not taken on board by
producto designers.
Image: the concept or perception of a firm or product held
by the general public
that image is not the most appropriate for the product
Label: small piece of paper, metal etc on a product giving
information about it
The laber says this food contains peanuts.
Launch: to introduce a new product, with publicity etc
Tha company Will launch its new producto on wednesday
Mail order: the selling of goods by post.
Mail order catalogs have seen stiff competition from online
merchants in the internet age
Market research: study of consumers’ needs &
preferences, often for a particular product
Recent market research uncovered a consumer need for lower
prices
Packaging: the wrapping or container for a producto.
When you buy something on the internet it´s important that que
company uses Good packaging
Point of sale: the place where a product is actually sold to
the public.
Retailers are playing increasing attention to their point of sale
displays
Product: something made to be sold; merchandise.
When it´s finished, the producto is packged and sent to shops to
be sold
Public relations: creation and maintenance of a good
public image.
the public relations department is in charge of the permanent
product in the market
Registered: registered or officially recorded as a
trademark.
We can sue the brand that copied our product because we
already have it registered as a patent
Sponsor: firm supporting an organisation in return for
advertising space.
This company is the sponsor of the national rugby team
S.W.O.T.: Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats.
the DOFA matrix has the financing to determine strength,
weaknesses, opportunities, threats.
Total producto: the whole product, inc. name, packaging,
instructions, reliability, after-sales etc
the technical sheet must contain all the product information
Trademark: special symbol, design, word etc used to
represent a product or firm.
Big companies are very protective of their trademarks
Meetings
A.G.M.: Annual General Meeting.
Cooperatives hold the annual general meeting to validate the
status of this
A.O.B.: Any Other Business [usually the last item on an
agenda]
Absent: not here; not at the meeting; not present.
If you feel unwell, simply absent yourself from the table
Agenda: a written programme or schedule for a meeting.
so that I don't forget my commitments, I write them down in an
agenda
Apologies: item on agenda announcing people who are
absent; apologies for absence
Please accept my apologies for any distress i may have caused
Ballot: a type of vote, usually in writing and usually secret.
The officers of the club are alected by ballot
Casting vote: a deciding vote (usually by the chairman)
when the votes are otherwise equal
When the voting is equal, the option of the defaulting casting
vote.
Chairman: the person who leads or presides at a meeting;
chairperson; chair.
The chairman of the planning comminttee requested an
emergency meeting
Conference: formal meeting for discussion, esp. a regular
one held by an organisation
The anual conference society is soon
Conference call: telephone call between three or more
people in different locations
The advantage of a conference cal lis that people from all over
the world can take part
Consensus: general agreement Videoconference: conference of people in different
Decision: a conclusion or resolution to do something locations linked by satellite, TV etc.

The jury´s decisión is expected soon The head of the department arranged a video conference with
the tokyo office
Item: a separate point for discussion [as listed on an agenda]
Vote: to express opinion in a group by voice or hand etc.
The billing address was a separate ítem on the form
Matters arising: item on agenda for discussion of what I am going to vote tomorrow
has happened as a result of last meeting
Money
During the board meeting, open Matters arising

Minutes: a written record of everything said at a meeting A.T.M.: Automated Teller Machine; cash dispenser

The secretary keeps the minutes of the meeting use ATM to withdraw money

Proxy vote: a vote cast by one person for or in place of Banknote: a piece of paper money.
another
The taller counted out the banknotes and handed them to me
the definition of proxy vote explains itself
Bill: a banknote; a piece of paper money.
Show of hands: raised hands to express an opinion in a
vote. I have three twenty dollar bills

show of hands can be used in meetings to approve Black market: illegal traffic in officially controlled
project, in order to save time commodities such as foreign currency

Unanimous: in complete agreement; united in opinión. Although it´s ilegal, many people buy merchandise on the
black market.
The judges were unanimous in their decisión to award the prize
Bureau de change: establishment where currencies of
different countries may be exchanged
You Will find a bureau de chage at large airports
Cash: 1 coins or bank notes (not heques); 2 actual money
paid as opposed to credit.
I was short of ready money so i cashed in my shares
Cash dispenser: automatic machine from which clients
of a bank may withdraw money ATM
every bank has several Cash dispensers for withdrawing money
Cashier: person dealing with cash transactions in a bank,
store etc
Mauricio worked as a cashier part time during high school
Coin: a piece of metal money.
I put too many coins in my wallet and could not clase it
Currency: the money in general use or circulation in any
country
Plastic banknotes have gained currency in over 30 countries in
recent years
Debt: money etc owed by one person to another
Debt can cause a loto f stress if you have difficulty paying it
back
Exchange rate: the rate at which one currency can be
exchanged for another
The current Exchange rate makes it expensive for Americans to
travel in Europe
Foreign Exchange: the currency of other countries
Hard currency: currency that will probably not fall in
value and is readily accepted.
We accept only hard currency, no checks or credit cards
Invest: to put money for profit into business, land etc.
It looked like a Good deal, so ben invested his life savings
Legal tender: currency that cannot legally be refused in
payment of a debt
I loto f people mistakenly believe that scottish banknotes aren´t
legal tender in England
Petty cash: a cash fund for small, everyday expenses
We keep the Petty cash in a small metal box a lock
Soft currency: currency that will probably fall in value
and is not readily accepted.
 Handout: anything (report, sample etc) handed or given to
Speculate: (risky) buying of foreign currency, land etc for people at a presentation
rapid gain

In conclusión: Typical phrase used to signal the summing

Transaction: a (usually commercial) exchange; a deal. up or final part of a presentation

Presentations Ladies & gentlemen: Polite phrase often used to

address an audience of men and women

Audience rapport: relationship of presenter with

audience, esp. when Good Marker: whiteboard marker a pen with a broad, felt tip
for writing on whiteboards

Body language: non-verbal communication through

facial expressions, body movements etc. Microphone: electrical instrument that one speaks into for
amplification of the voice etc

Finally: Typical word used to signal the last of several points O.H.T.: overhead transparency; sheet of film with
or subjects image for overhead projector

Flip chart: a pad of large paper sheets on a stand for Overhead projector: device that projects an o.h.t. onto
presenting information a screen - O.H.P.

For example: Typical phrase used to signal an illustration Pointer: device (rod or electric torch etc) for indicating
or sample of a particular point things on a map, screen etc
Screen: large, flat, reflective white surface on which films,
slides etc are projected

Signal: to help the audience understand where one is in a After-sales service: service that continues after a
presentation. product has been sold [eg: repairs etc]

Slide: small (usually 35mm) photographic transparency - Buyer: 1 any person who buys anything 2 a person
slide projector employed by a firm to buy

To start with: Typical phrase used to signal the beginning Client: a person who buys services from a lawyer, architect
of a particular subject or topic. or other professionals

Turning now to: Typical phrase used to signal a change Close: to finalise a deal or sale; to make a sale
from one subject or topic to another

Cold call: to telephone a prospect without previous contact

Visual aids: things that one can look at in a presentation
[eg: films, maps, charts etc]
Customer: a person who buys goods or services from a
shop or business

Whiteboard: large, flat, white surface or board on which

to write or draw with markers Deal: a business transaction

Discount: a reduction in the price; a deduction [usually

Selling expressed as a percentage (%)]
 Representative: sales representative person
Follow up: to continue to follow persistently; to maintain who represents & sells for a firm; salesperson
contact

Retail: to sell in small quantities (as in a shop to the public) -

Guarantee: a promise that a product will be repaired or also n. see wholesale
replaced etc if faulty

Service: work done usually in return for payment - to

In bulk: in large quantity, usually at a lower Price serve v. see producto.

Lead: useful indication of a possible customer to be followed Wholesale: to sell in bulk (as to a shop for resale to the
up public) - also n. see retail

Objection: a reason given by a prospect for not buying - to

object v. see overcome

Overcome: [-came, -come] to overcome an

objection to show an objection is invalid

Product: something made and usually for sale - to

produce v. see service

Prospect: a possible or probable customer; prospective

customer