ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

ជំពូកទី៤ ៖ សិលា និងល្បាយរ ៉ែ

ដមដរៀនទ្យ១
ី ៖ ការនសមុែងយល់ពសមុ
ី លាិ
ដមដរៀនទ្យ២
ី ៖ សមុលា
ិ ម៉ារ់ម៉ា
ដមដរៀនទ្យ៣
ី ៖ សមុលា
ិ រដមេចរំណ
ដមដរៀនទ្យ៤
ី ៖ សមុលា
ិ នក្បរំដណីត

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 90

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

ជំពូកទី៣៖ សិលា និងល្បាយរ ៉ែ

cUreFIVkarRsém:>>>>>>>
cUreFIVkarRsém:faGñkKWCasßabnikmñak;EdlRtUv)aneKCYl[erobcM
KUrrgÁmNÐlmYy. GtifiCnRtUvkarrgÁmNÐlEdlmanTMhMFMlµm
edIm,ITTYlePJóvkñúgkarRbKuMt®nþFI M². tamBiteTAKWKat;RtUvkarrgÁ
mNÐlEdlmankEnøgsMrab;TsSnikCncMnYn9200kEnøg. Gtifi
Cnk¾RtUvkareGaymansMelg)anl¥bMputpgEdr. ehIyKat;RtUv
karsalEdlKµandMbUl dUecñHePJóvGacrIkraynwgxül;GakasedayesrI. Kat;k¾cg;eGayTsSnikCn esIc¶ sresIr
pgEdrnUvnimitþkmµ2énfµxSac;BN’RkhmEdlnwgRtUvelcRtEdteLIg enAxagelIqakEdlmankMBs;122 m.
GñkKitGMBIkarrcnam:Ut nigRtlb;mkvijCamYynwgbøgE; dlRtUvkarGb,brimaRbmaN400 lanLanEm:Rt
etanénfµxSac;RkhmedIm,IeFVCI Ba¢agM nigkMral.Gñkk¾eFVIkar):an;sµanpgEdrfavanwgRtuveRbIryH eBlGs;12 lan
qñaMedIm,IbegáItvaeLIg. sþab;eTAvaKYreGayGs;sMeNIcNas;. KWvaBitEmn ebIsinCargÁmNÐleFVeI LIgEbbnWgEmn
enaH.mNÐlsilaRkhmenAxageRkATIRkugDenver énrdæ Colorado sUmsVaKmn¾.dUcEdlGñk)aneXIjmNÐl
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 91
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

enHRtUv)anekIteLIgedaykMlaMgrbs;FmµCatiEdlRbesIrCagsñaédrbs;mnusS. rgÁmNÐlenHKWCa kEnøgEdll¥

bMputsMrab;karRbKMtu ®nþIRockehIyvak¾CakEnøgd¾ l¥mYypgEdr edIm,Icab;epþImeFVIkarnwkKitdl;sila.
]TahrN¾ etIsilaBitCaGVI? etIsilamansarHsMxan;y:agdUcemþceTA kñúgkarsikSaGMBIEpndIviTüa?
GñknwgmansmtßPaBGaceqøIynUvsMnYrTaMgenH enAeBlEdlGñkGanenAkñgú CMBUkenHrYc.
etIGñkKitdUcemþc?
GanedIm,IeqøYIysMNYr ÷
enAkñgú esovePAkMNt;RtaviTüasa®sþrbs;Gñk cUrBüayameqøyI sMnYrxageRkamenHtamGVIEdlGñk)anecHrYc
mkehIy÷
1> etIsila nigEr:manPaBxusKñadUcemþc?
2> etIkareRbIR)as;silatamEbbTMenIb²manGVIxøH?
3> etIsilaekIteLIgy:agdUcemþcxøH?
cUrGegát ¡ ¬sakl,geFVIenApÞH¦
sUn[eTACargVg;
GñkGaceXIjsilamYyRbePTenAÉrgÁmNÐlsilaRkhmEdlCaRbePTmYykñúgcMeNamRbePTFM²TaMgbIrbs;si
la Edl)anrkeXIjenAelIEpndI. enATMB½rbnÞab;GñknwgsikSaGMBIeQµaHénsilaTaMgenaH nigrebob énk arkekIt
y:agBitR)akdb:Eu nþdbM UgeyIgRtUveFVIskmµPaBenHCamunsin
dMeNIrkar
1>cUreRbIdI\dæKRmUEdlmanBN’epSg²KñasUnvaCaragkUn
)al;tUc²tamEtGñkEdlGaceFVI)an.TaMgenHKWvatMNag[
dMutcU ²énsila rWxSac;.
2>RbmUlkUn)al;d\I d§tUc²TaMgenaHpþúMKñaCaBMnUk.
sgát;d\I d§edayfñm²rhUtdl;dMu)al;TaMgGs;enaHs¥it
Cab;Kña.l,ayénEr:enHtMNageGaysilakMeTckMN etIvamanlkçNH xusKñay:agdUcemþcxøHBIdM)u al;dI\d§tcU ²
EdlGñk)ancab;epþmI eFVBI ItbM Ug?
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 92
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

3>\LÚvenHcUrsgát;eTAelIdI\dæ[)anxøaMgbnþci eFVeI GaykUn)al;sMEb:t. bt;dI\dæRtwmBak;kNþal ehIy sgát;

EfmeTot enHKWCaRbePTTI2énsilarbs;Gñk silafµIenHKWtN M ageGaysilaERbkMeNIt. cUrB’Nna BIrebobEdl
vaekIteLIg.
4>\LUvenHsgát;dI\d§ehIylujvaelItru bs;Gñk. Rc)ac;lujvadUcCaemSArhUtdl;dI\dækøay CadMFu MmYy ehIyman
B’NEtmYybu:eNÑaH RbsinebIGñklujdI\dælmµ RKb;RKan;ehIyenaH GñknigmanGarmµN¾favaekþA]Nв. enAkñúg
sPaBenH dI\dætMNag[FatusilaEdlravehIyekþA.
5>bnÞab;BIdI\dærbs;GñkekþAehIyTn; cUreFVIvaeTACaragmUlehIyTuk[vacuHRtCak; nigeLIgrwg. eBlmþg enHdI\dæ
tMNag[silam:ak;m:a. cUrB’NnafasilaenHxusBIsilaTaMgBIrRbePTtMbUgy:agdUcemþc?
6> cugbBa©b;bMEbksilaCa bMENktUc²ehIysUnCakUnXødI I\dætcU ² RbsinebIGñkmaneBlcUrRtlb;eTAeFVIcab;BI
CMhanTI2eLIgvij.
karviPaK
7> cUrrMlwkeLIgvijnUvkarB’Nnarbs;GñkénRbePTrbs;silanImYy² etIsilamYyNaEdlGñkKit favadUceTAnwg
silaEdlekItBIbnÞHú PñMePøIg?
8> kñúgCMhanTI6 GñkRtUv)anesñIeGayRtlb;eTAeFVCI MhanTI2eLIgvij. cUrBnül;faetIskmµPaBenHGac
BiB’Nna)anBIvdþsila)anya:gdUcemþc?

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 93

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

មេម ៀនទី១៖ កា រសែងយល្ប់ពីសលា

ិ

BaküKnøwH
- sila (Rock ) - vayPaB (Texture )

- vdþsila (Rock Cycle) - silam:ak;m:a (Igneous Rock)

- m:ak;m:a (Magma) - silakMeTckMN (Sedimentary Rock)

- sm:asPaB (Composition ) - silaERbkMeNIt ( Metamorphic Rock)

GVIEdlGñknwgsikSa
 BN’naBIviFIBIry:agEdlsilaRtUv)aneRbIR)as;edaymnusSCan;edIm nigviFIBIry:agEdlRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;sBV
éf¶.
BN’nafaetIRbePTnimYy²rbs;silapøas;bþÚreTACaRbePTmYyeTotenAeBlEdlvaqøgkat;vdþénsila.

eFVItaraglkçNHBIrrbs;silaEdl)aneRbIR)as;edIm,ICYykñúgkarcat;fñak;.

sMbkEpndIRtUv)anbegáIteLIgPaKeRcInedaysila.b:uEnþetIsilaBitR)akdKWCaGVI?
sila(Rock)KWCa l,ayrwgd¾smBaØénRkamrbs;Er:mYy rWeRcInRbePT. eTaHbICay:agNak¾edayRbePTxøHrbs;
siladUcCaFüÚgfµRtUv)anekIteLIgedaysarFatusrIragÁ. silamanRKb;TMhMBITMhMb:unRKab;RkYsbegátI )anrhUtdl;
rab;Ban;KILÚEm:t.
1>tMélrbs;sila
silaKWCaFnFanFmµCatid¾sMxan;taMgBIyrU mkehIytaMgBIekItmanCIvitmnusSmk. mnusSenACan;edIm)an
eRbIR)as;silaeFVCI ajJjÜredIm,IbegáItsMParHepSg². BYkeK)anrkeXIjfa BYkeKGacbegáItcugRBÜj lMEBgRsYc
kaMbit ehIynigexñas edaydMvaedayRbugRby½tñfµpáaePøIg fµ)aykþagM nig silaGubsIueDon. sUmemIlrUbTI 1 sila
TaMgenHRtUv)aneKeFVI[manragRsYcehIymut. sUm,IEtsBVéf¶enHsilaGubsIu eDon RtUv)an
eRbIsMrab;begáItCakaMbitBiessdUc)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI2 eK)aneRbIR)as;silaCaeRcInstSvtSmkehIy
edIm,IbegáItsMNg;epSg² pøÚv ehIynigvimanepSg². rUbTI 3 bgðajnUvkareRbIR)as; silaTaMg kñgú GriyFm’bUraN
nigkñúgGriyFm’TeM nIb. GaKarTaMgLayRtUv)anbegáIteLIgedayfµm:abfµRkanItehIynig fµxSac;fµkeM )arehIy

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 94

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

nigsilaQñÜn. GaKarTMenIb²TaMgLayk¾eFVIeLIgBIebtugpgEdrEdlsila KWCasarFatupSMy:agsMxan;mYy. Ebtug

KWCasm:asFatuéneRKOgsMNg;EdlRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;eRcIn bMpute nAsBVéf¶enH.
rUbTI1 ]bkrN¾edleFVBI Ifeµ nHRtUv)anbegáIteLIgEdlmanGayukalCag
5 000 qñaMmkehIy.
rUbTI2 ]bkrN¾EdleFVIBfI µenHeTIbEtnwgbegáIteLIgenAeBlfµ²I enH. vaCakaMbti silaGub
sIueDony:agmaMEdleRbIR)as;sMrab;karvHkat;.

BIra:mItenAtMbn;hÁIsa RbeTs
eGsuIb ¬3000 qñaM mun K>s

rUbTI 3 rUbftTaMgenHbgðajBIKRmUsßabtükmµsMNg;BrI bIEdl)ansagsg;eLIgBIsli a. enAkñúgTMBr½ enH

sßabtükmµTaMgenHRtUv)ansagsg;eLIgtamGriyFm’bUraN. enATMB½rbnÞab;KWCaKMrUénsßabtükmµTMenIb².
mnusSmanRbvtþCi ayUrmkehIyCamYynigsila. RbePTsilaxøH)anCYyeyIgedIm,Ise®gÁaHnig GPivDÆn¾
GriyFm’bUraN nigsm½yrbs;eyIg. silak¾mansarHsMxan;pgEdrsMrab;GñkviTüasa®sþ. KarsikSaBIsilaCYy
eyIgeGayeqøIysMnYrBIRbvtþiénPBEpndI nigRbB½n§RBHGaTitürbs;eyIg. silapþl;nUvkMNt;RtafaetIEpndI nigPB
d¾éTeTotmanlkçNHdUcemþc munnwgmankarkt;RtaRbvtþi. pUslIu énsilaxøH)anpþl; BIKw nøwHGMBIkMNkMeNIténCIvit
Edl)anrs;enAtaMgBIrab;ekadiqñaMmkehIytaMgBImundayNUs½r)anedIrelIEpndI.rUbTI4 bgðajBIrebobénsilapÞúk
PsþútagénCIvitEdl)anputBUCCayUrmkehIy. ebIKµanpUslIu TaMgenaHeTGñkviTüasa®sþnwgdwgtictYcNas;BIRbvtþi
CIvitenAelIPBEpndI. cMelIyEdleyIgTTYl)anBIkarsikSasilaEdlCajwkjyEtgbNþaleGayeyIg
sYrsMnrY kan;EteRcIneLIg.
rUbTI 4 pUslIu TaMgenHRtUv)anrkeXIjenAelIkBM UlPñmM Yy.
vtþmanrbs;va)anbgðajfakMBUlPñeM nHkalBImunKWCa)atsmuRTrak;myY .

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 95

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

vihar GuicsuIF½r enATIRkug

GuicsIuF½r RbeTsGg;eKøs
1120-1520qñaMmunK>s bNÑal½y LBJenATIRkug GUsþaMg
rdticsas; ¬1972¦

cMeNHdwgbEnßm
Gac;páayxøHKWCasilaEdl)anmkBIPBepSg². enAxageRkamKWCaTidæPaBtUc²
rbs;Gac;páayEdl)anmkBIPBGgÁar. TRmg;tUc²enHRbEhlCaGacsMKal)anfa
maneBlmYyenaHmanCIvittUc²ekItmanenAelIPBGgÁar.

2> vdþsila
silaenAkñgú sMbkEpndICanic©kalvaEtgEtpøas;bþÚr.silapøas;bþÚrTMrg;ngi smasPaBrbs;vaeTAtamviFIeR
cIny:ag. viFEI dlsilakekItkMNt;nvU RbePTrbs;silaenaH. RbePTFM²rbs;silamanbIKW silam:ak;m:a
silakemÞckMN nigsilaERbkMeNIt. RbePTnimYy²rbs;silaKWCaEpñkmYyénvdþsila. vdþsila KWCadMeNIr
karEdlsilaRbePTmYypøas;bþÚeTACasilaRbePTmYyeTot. cUrtamdandüaRkamenH edIm,IeXIjviFI mYyEdl
RKab;xSac;Gacpøas;bþÚrenAeBlEdlvaeFVdI MeNIrqøgkat;vdþsila.
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 96
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

sMNwk

karcak;bgÁr

1> silakMeTckMN³ RKab;xSac; nigkMeTckMNd¾éTeTotRtUv)anhUr

eRcaHBIPñM ehIyRtUvTwkhUrnaMeTATenø nigsmuRT. eRkaymkkMeTckMN
k¾begáIt)anCaRsTab;Rkas;²enA)atmhasmuRT. TIbMputRKab;énkM
eTckMNk¾RtUv)ansgáte; hIynigP¢ab;Kña begáIt)anCasilakMeTckMN.
.
karbRgÜm nig karP¢ab;
2> silaERbkMeNIt³enAeBlEdlEpñkFM²én
sMbkEpndIb:HTgÁicKña silaxøHRtUv)anTTYlrgnUv
kMlaMgFøak;cuHeRkam. enAcMNucFøak;cuHenHkMedA
nigsMBaF)anekIneLIgeFVIesilakMeTckMNhab;
ENneTACasilaERbkMeNIt.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 97

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

lMnaMERbkMeNIt

5>kMeTckMN karhUreRcaHénkMeTckMNsilaRsTab;elIbgðaj
eGayeXIjBIsilaPñeM PøIgenAépÞelIEpndI. bnÞab;mksilaPñMePøgI
karBukpuy TTUlrgnUvsMNwk ehIynigswkdac;eTACaRKab;xSac;nigdI\dæ.
bnÞab;mkeTotRKab;kMeTckMNTaMgenHRtUv)andwkCBa¢Ún
ehIynigcak;bgÁrenAkEnøgepSgeTot.
silam:ak;m:a
4> silaPñMePøgI RKab;xSac;edImecjBICMhanTImyY RtUv)anpøas;
bþÚrCaeRcIn b:uenþvaBMuTan;rYcral;enAeLIyeT¡ CaTUeTAm:ak;ma: man
karkkrwg
kMhab;ticCagsilaEdlenACMuvij dUecñHehIyvak¾egIbeLIgeTA
elIénsMbkEpndI eBlNavaeTAdl;TeI naH vak¾cuHRtCak;
ehIynigkkrwg køayeTACasilaPñeµM PøgI .

3>m:ak;ma: sarFaturavekþAEdlkekIteLIgenAeBlEdlsilarlayCa
Epñk rWTaMgRsugRtUv)anehAfa m:ak;m:a. kEnøgEdlsilaERbkMeNItcUl
karcuHRtCak;eTAmanTMnak;TnM gCamYynwgm:ak;ma: silaeTareTArkPaBrlay.
karrlay sarFatuEdl)ancab;epþImeLIgBIkarRbmUlpþMéú nRKab;xSac;\LUvenHkøay
m:ak;ma: mkCaEpñkmYyénm:ak;m:a.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 98

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

düaRkamlMGitvdþsila
\LUvenHGñkdwgxøH²GMBIdMeNIrkarFmµCatiEdlbegáItRbePTFM²TaMgbIrbs;silaGñkGaceXIjfaRbeP
rbs;silanImYy²GackøayeTACaRbePTénsilaepSgeTot. dMeNIrkaeenHRtuv)aneKehAfa vdþsila KWKµan
karcab;epþmI b¤k¾bBa©b;eT.RKb;silaTaMgGs;KWCakarekIteeLIgtamdMNak;kalxøHénvdþsila ehIyGac
pøas;bþÚreTACaRbePTsilaepSg²eTot rUbTI 5 bgðajGMBIviFIEdlRbePTTaMgbIénsila pøas;;brþÚ TRmg;.

rUbTI 5 vdþsila

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 99

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

silakMeTckMN KWCasilaEdlekIteLIgenAeBlEdlkMeTckMN)anbgçaM ehIyP¢ab;Kña. kMeTckMNEdl

begáItsilakMeTckMN)anmkBIsMNkw nigkarhUreRcaHénsilaPñMePøIgsilaERbkMeNIt b¤BIsli akMeTckMNepSgNa
mYyeTot.
silaERbkMeNIt KWCasilaEdlekIteLIgenAeBlEdlvayPaB nigsmasPaBmunkarkekIténsilaRtUv
)anpøas;bþÚredaysarkMedA rWsMBaFenACMerAépñkxageRkam. silaPñMePøIgnigsilakMeTckMNGacpøas;bþÚreTACa
silaERbkMeNIt ehIysUm,IEtsilaERbkMeNItxøÜnÉg k¾Gacpøas;bþÚreTACa silaERbkMeNIt epSgeTotEdr.
silam:ak;m:a KWCasilaEdlekIteLIgBIkarcuHRtCak;énm:ak;m:a enAeBlEdlm:ak;m:acuHRtCak; ehIy kkrwg
vabegáIt)anCasilaPñMePøIg. m:ak;m:aekItmanenAkñgú RsTab;eRkaménsMbkEpndI nigEpñkelIénm:g;tU. enAeBlEdl
m:ak;m:ahUrecjmkelIépÞelIEpndI RtUv)anehAfa kMEGrPñeM PøgI ( Lava).

Gnuvtþn¾
karcat;fñak;vtßú
]bmafaGñkmanEpøe):am 1 eb:ge):aH 1 EpøEb:s1 EpøKIvI1 mñas;1 eck1 RkUcqµar1 dMbgykSmYy
)al;BN’exovmYy dUgmYy \dæ1dMu sármYydMuEv:ntamYy ehIynigbMBg;ekAs‘U
sMrab;)aj;TwkkñúgsUnc,armYy. cUreRbIR)as;karRsém:rbs;GñkedIm,IbegáItviFI
bIxusKña²edIm,Icat;fñak;vtßTú aMgenHcUleTAkñúgRkumEdlmanlkçNHRsedog
Kña. GñkRbEhlCamanEtmYyRkumb:ueNÑaHrWk¾maneRcInrhUtdl;14.
etIlkçNHvinicä½yGVIxøHEdlGñk)aneRbIsMrab;karcat;fñak;cMrHu rbs;Gñk?
etIlkçNHvinicä½yGVIxøHEdlGñkeRbIedIm,Icat;fñak;sila?

3>cMNucsMxan;²kñúgkarcat;fñak;sila
\LÚvenHGñkdwgfaGñkviTüasa®sþcat;fñak;silaTaMgGs;eTACaRbePTFM²bIeday
BwgEp¥keTAelIrebobEdlBYkva)ankekIt.
b:uEnþetIGkñ )andwgeTfaRbePTnimYy²rbs;silaRtUv)anEbgEckeTACaRkumtUc²eTotenaH?RkumtUc²TaMgenHk¾BwgE
p¥kpgEdreTAelIPaBxusKñaénviFIEdlsilakekIt. ]TahrN¾³ RKb;silam:ak;m:aTaMgGs;ekIteLIg enA eBlEdl
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 100
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

sarFaturavekþAcuHRtCak; ehIykkrwg. b:uEnþsilam:ak;m:axøHekIteLIgenAeBl EdlLav:acuHRtCak;enAelIépÞelI

EpndIenAeBlenaH RbePTepSg²eTotkekIteLIgenAeBlEdlm:ak;m:acuHRtCak;enACMerAeRkamépÞEpndI. dUecñH
ehIysilam:ak;m:aRtUv)anEbgEckecjCaBIrRkumtUc² GaRs½yeTAelIrebobnig kEnøgEdlvakekIt. viFIdUcKñaenH
EdrsilakMeTckMNnigsilaERbkMeNItk¾RtUv)anEbgEckeTACaRkumtUc²pgEdr.
etIGñkviTüasa®sþEpndIviTüa)andwgBIrebobEckfñak;énsilaxusKña²y:agdUcemþc? BYkeKsikSaGMBsI ilaeday
lMGitedayeRbIR)as;lkçNHvinicä½ysMxan;BIrKW smasPaB nigvayPaB.

RkanIt
ébGUTtI mIka 10°
fµkeM )ar 10 %
kal;stIu 5 %
kVat 35 °
kkkkk Epls:,at 55 °
10 %
kal;suIt 95 % kal;stIu 5 %
Gara:ehÁanIt 5°
%

rUbTI 6 smasPaBTaMgmUlrbs;silamYyKWGaRs½yeTAelIEr:EdlvapÞkú .
3>1smasPaB
Er:rbs;silamYyRtUv)anbegáIteLIgBIrkarkMNt;én smasPaBsila . ]TahrN¾silaEdl ekIt eLIgBI
Er:kVatPaKeRcInnwgmansmasPaBdUcKñaeRcIneTAnwgkVat. silaEdlbegáIteLIgBIkVat 50° nig Epl s,:at50°
nwgmansmasPaBsrubxusKñaxøaMg. cUreRbIKMnitenHedIm,IeRbobeFob]TahrN¾Edl)anpþl[; enAkñúgrUbT 6I .
3>2 vayPaB
vayPaBrbs;silaKWRtUv)ankMNt;edayTMhM TMrg;ngi TItaMgénRKab;EdlvaekIteLIg. silaEdlekIt
eLIgedayRKab;tUc²TaMgGs;dcU Cal,ab;m:dærPW aKl¥iténdI\dæRæ tUv)aneKniyayfa vamanvayPaBEdlman
RKab;m:t; ehIysilaEdlekIteLIgBIRKab;FM²dUcCaRKab;RKYsRtUv)aneKniyayfaCasilaEdlmanvayPaB
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 101
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

RKab;eRKIm ehIysilaEdlmanvayPaBenAcenøaHRKab;m:t; nigRKab;eRKIm RtUv)aneKehAfavamanvayPaB

RKab;mFüm. ]TahrN¾énvayPaBTaMgenHmanbgðajenAkñgú rUbTI 7.

RKab;m:t; RKab;mFüm RKab;eRKIm

silal,ab;mt: ; silaxSac; silakþaMg

rUbTI7 silakMeTckMNTaMgenHRtUv)anbegáIteLIgBIRKab;EdlmanTMhxM us²Kña. etIGñkGaceXIjBIPaBxusKña

EdlmanenAkñúgvayPaBrbs;vaEdrb¤eT?

RbePTénsilanImYy²manRbePTvayPaBxus²KñaEdlpþln; UvtRmuyy:agl¥faetIvaekIteLIgy:agdUc
emþc ehIyenAkEnøgNaCa]TahrN¾silaEdl)anbgðajenAkñgú rUbTI 8 manvayPaBEdlqøúHbBa©aMgfaetIva)an
ekIteLIgy:agdUcemþcTaMgvayPaBnigsmasFatuKWCalkçNHsMxan;bpM utEdlGñkviTüasa®sþeRbIR)as;edIm,IEsVg
yl;BIRbPBedIm nigRbvtþri bs;sila. cUrrkSalkçNHTaMgGs;enHenAkñúgciteþ nA eBlEdlGñkbnþGan CMBUkenH.

rUbTI 8 fµxSac;CaRsTab;²enH karKNnatamKNitviTüa

)ankekIteLIgenA)atTenø. etImanGVIenAkñúgva?
kMeTckMNTaMgLayekIteLIg  snµt;fasilaRkanItEdlGñkkMBugEtsi
edaysarkarcak;bgÁCaRsTab;. kSaRtUv)anekIteLIgBIkVat 30° Epls,:a
55° nigenAsl;KWébGUTItmIka.
etImanébGUTIt mIkaenAkñúgsila b:unµan°?

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 102

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

sMNYrrMlwk
1> cUrraysar³sMxan;BIry:agrbs;silacMeBaHmnusSsm½ybc©úb,nñenH.
2>etIRbePTFM²TaMgbIrbs;silamanGVxI øH?
etIsilaGacbþÚrBIrRbePTmYyeTARbePTmYyeToty:agdUcemþc?
3> etIkMEGrPñMePøIgxusBIm:ak;m:ay:agdUcemþc?
4> TsSnHeRbóbeFob³ cYrBnül;BIPaBxusKñarvagvayPaB nigsm:asPaB.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 103

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

មេម ៀនទី២៖ សិលាម៉ែក់ម៉ែ

BaküKnøwH
- silaeRCot (intrusive) - silaPñeM PøgI (extrusive)

GVIEdlGñknwgsikSa
 Bnül;BIGRtacuHRtCak;énm:ak;m:aCH\T§iBldl;lkçNHrbs;silam:ak;m:a
Ejk[dac;BrI vagsilam:ak;m:aEdlcuHRtCak;kgñú CMerAeRCAEdlenAkñgú sMbkEpndI ehIynigsilam:ak;m:a
EdlcuHRtCak;enAépÞelI.
cUreFVG
I tþsBaØaNénkMNsilaPñMePøIgEdleKsÁal;.

BaküIgneousecjmkBIBaküLataMgEdlmann½yfa {ePøgI }m:ak;;m:acuHRtCak;ehIykøayeTACasila

m:ak;m:aRbePTepSg²Kña GaRs½yeTAelIsm:asFatupSMrbs;m:ak;m:a ehIynigryHeBlEdlvacuHRtCak; nigkk
rwg. k¾dUcCasiladéTeTotEdr silaPñMePøIgRtUv)ancat;fñak;edayeyageTAtamsm:asFatunig vayPaB rbs;va.

1> RbPBsilam:ak;m:a
m:ak;m:anig kMEGrPñeM PøgI {Lava} kkrwgeTAtamviFIdUcKñaPaKeRcIneTAnwg kMNkTwkEdr enAeBlEdlm:ak;
m:ab¤k¾kEM GPñMePøIgcuHRtCak;lµmehIyenaH vak¾kkrwgkøayeTACasilam:ak;m:a. PaBxusKñamYyrvagkarkkrwgénTwk
nigkarkkrwgénsila KWfaTwkkk enAsItuNPð aB 0GgSa cMENkÉ m:ak;m:a nigkMEGrPñMePøgI kk enAsItuNðPaB cenøaH
BI 700 GgSaeTA 1250 GgSa .
m:ak;m:aGacekIteLIgtamviFIbIy:ag ³ enAeBlEdlsilaRtUv)ankMedA enAeBlsMBaFRtUv)anfycuH b¤k¾
enAeBlsilabþÚrsmasPaB. edIm,IeXIjfaetIvaekIteLIgy:agdUcemþc cUrtanmdanenAkñúgrUbTI 9.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 104

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

rUbTI 9 ³ manviFIbIy:agEdlsilaGacrlay
1>1sItuNðPaB
karekInsItuNPð aBenAkñúgCMerAeRCAenAcenøaHsMbkEpndIGacbNþaleGayEr::enA
kñúgsilarlay. Er:RbePTepSgKñarlayenAsItuNðPaBxusKñadUecñHehIy
GaRs½yelIkMedAekþAEdlsilaTTYl)anRbePTEr:xøHGacrlay kñúgkMLúgeBl
EdlRbePTEr:epSgeTotenAkkrwg.

1>2sMBaF sMBaFx<s;enAkñgú CMerAEpndICMruj[Er:sßitenAkñúg

lkçNHrwgehIyebImindUecñaHeTsilaTaMgenaHGacnwgrlayEdl)anm
kBIkarkMedAd¾xøaMgkøa.enAeBlEdlsilaekþAruleLIgmkCMerArak;²TIbMpu
tsm<aFFk¾RtUv)anfycuHehIyenAeBlenHEr:k¾Gac rlay.
1>3 sm:asPaB CYnkalsarFaturavdUcCaTwk ehIynig ]sµ½n
kabUniccUleTAkñgú silaEdlCacMnucCitrlay. sarFatuTaMgenHrYm
pSMCamYynigsila BYkvaGacbBa©úHcMnucrlayénsilaeGaylµm nwgva
rlayehIykekItCam:ak;m:a.

2>smasPaB nigvayPaBénsilam:ak;m:a
cUrRkelkemIlsilaenAkñúgrUbTI 10. TaMgGs;enHCasilam:ak;m:aeTaHbICaemIleTAvamanlkçNHxus
KñaBImYyeTAmYyk¾eday. ilaTaMgGs;enHxusKñaBImYyeTAmYyedaysarsm:asPaBEdlvaekIteLIgehIynig
el,ÓnénkarcuHRtCak;. silaEdlmanBN’PKøW WvaminEmnmanEtBN’PøWb:ueNÑaHeT KWvaEfmTaMgmandg;seIu tTab
eTotpgvasMbUreTAedayFatudUcCasIlu IsüÚm GaluymIj:Úm sUdüÜm nigb:UtasüÚm.
silaEdlmanTMgn;RsalTaMgenHRtUv)anehAfaEhVlsuic "Felsic". silaEdlmanBN’RsGab;Cag
F¶nC; agsilaEhVlsicu . silaTaMgenHsMbUreTAedayEdkm:aej:süÚmnigkal;süÚmehIyRtUv)anehAfa m:ahVic
"Mafic" .

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 105

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

RKab;eRKIm RKab;mt: ;

EhVlsiuc
rIyUl: It

m:ahVic
RkanIt
hÁaRbU )asal

rUbTI 10 silam:ak;m:aEdlmanBN’PøCW aTUeTAmansm:asPaBEhVlsiuc silam:ak;m:aEdlmanBN’

RsGab;CaTUeTAmansmasPaB m:ahVci .

\LÚvenHcUrRkeLkemIlrUbTI11. rUbPaBTaMgenHbgðajBIGEVI dlekIteLIgcMeBaHm:ak;m:aenAeBlEdlva

cuHRtCak;kñúgGRtaepSgKña ryHeBlEvgvaeFVeI Gaym:ak;m:a rWkMEGrPñeM PøIgcuHRtCak; ehIyryHeBl kan;EtyUrEfm
eTotenaHRkamsilakrIkFMeLIgehIyvayPaBEdlmanRKab;eRKImKWCalT§plénsilam:ak;m:a.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 106

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

kMEGrPñMePøIgcuHRtCak;e
lOn silam::ak;ma: EdlmanRKab;m:t;

m:ak;ma:

m:ak;m:acuHRtCak;yWt

silam:ak;m:aEdlmanRKab;eRKIm

rUbTI 11 ryHeBlEdlm:ak;ma: rWkMEGrPñMePøIgcuHRtCak;kMNt;nUvvayPaBénsilam:ak;ma: .

3>kMNkMeNItsilam:ak;ma:

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 107

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

GñkRbEhlCa)aneXIjkarkekIténsilaPñeM PøgI EdlbNþalmkBIkarcuHRtCak;énkMEGrPñMePøIgenAelIépÞ

EpndI b:uEnþminEmnm:ak;m:aTaMgGs;suT§EteLIgmkdl;épÞelIIenaHeT. m:ak;m:axøHcuHRtCak;ehIykkrwgenA CeRmAkñúg
sMbkEpndI.
3>1 silam:ak;m:aenAkñúgCMerAsMbkEpndI b¤silaeRCot ( Intrusive Rock)
enAeBlEdlm:ak;m:acuHRtCak;enAEk,répÞEpndIlT§plénsilaenHRtUv)anehAfasilaeRCot.
silaeRCotCaTUeTAmanvayPaBRKab;eRKImenHBIeRBaHvamankarkarBarkMedA)anl¥enACMvu ijsilaehIydUecñH
ehIyvacuHRtCak;yWt.
kMNkMeNItsilaeRCótRtUv)aneGayeQµaHeTAtamTMhM nigviFEI dlvaeRCótcUlb¤rju cUleTAkñgú mCÄ
dæanCMuvijsila. Bøúytug "Plutons" KWCakMNkMeNItsilaeRCót
EdlmanragmUlFM dUc)al;LúgEdl CalT§plenAeBlEdl
m:ak;m:acuHRtCak;enACMerAd¾eRCA. silaeRCót k¾RtUv)anehA
pgEdrfa silaBøúytUnic " Plutonic rock " bnÞab;mkeTot
KW Pluto RtUv)anyktameQµaHRBHCam©as;zannrkénBYk
r:UmuagM . rUbTI 12 bgðajBI]TahrN¾énkarkekItsilaeRCót
EdlRtUv)anbeBa©jmkelIépÞelIénEpndI. kMNkMeNItén
silaPñMePøIgFmµtaRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI13
rUbTI 12 silad¾menarmü enACit Llano kñúgu rdæTexas,
Pluto Edl)aneXIjenHekItBIRkanIt.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 108

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

ឡាក់តូស៊ីត

RcksuIl kPñMe rUbTI13 karkekIténsilam:ak;m:aeRCót

CBa¢aMg elceLIgkñgú rag nigTMheM pSg²Kña.
DIk Bøyú tug PøIg
Lak;klU It

CBa¢aMgDiIk
)atUlIt )atUlIt

3>2 silaPñMePøIg b¤silaEdlekItenAelIépÞEpndI

silam:ak;m:aEdlekItenAelIépÞelIénEpndIRtUv)anehAfa etIGñkdwgeT?
silaPñMePøIg. silaEdl)anmkBIbnÞúHPñeM PøgI PaKeRcInKWCasila bnÞHú PñMePøIgEdlmankmøaMgxøaMgCYnka
PñeM PøIg. silaPñMePøIgcuHRtCak;y:agqab;rh½senAelIépÞEpndIehIy lbegáItnUvsilaEdl manrn§tUc² ehA
pÞkú pgEdrnUvRkamtUc²bMputrWk¾KµanTal;EtesaH. enAeBlEdl faBuymIs "Pumice"}silaes<at{.
kMEGrPñMePøIgpÞHú ecjBIPñMePøIg begáItnUvlMnaMmYyEdleKehAfa silaes<atKWeBareBjeTAedayRbeha
lMhUrkMEGrPñMePøIg GñkGaceXIjskmµPaBlMhUrkMEGrPñMePøgI enA gtUc²CaeRcInEdlbMeBjeTAeday]sµ½
kñgú rUbTI 14. b:uEnþkMEGPñeM PøIgminEmnsuTE§ tecjmkBIPMñePøgI nEdleRCótcUlGaRs½yeTAnwgTMhMén
Canic©enaHeT CYnkalkMEGrPñMePøIgpÞHú ecjmkBIsñameRbHEbkd¾ lMhrbs;rn§RbePTénsilaBuymIsxøH
Evgkñgú épÞEpndIEdlehAfa RkEhg "Fissure" enAeBlEdl GacGENþt)an ¡
brimaNd¾eRcInénkMEGrPñMePøIghUrecjmktamcenøaHRkEhg va
GacRKbdNþb;tbM n;d¾FMmYy begáIt)anCaépÞrabmYyehAfa
x<g;rabkMEGrPñMePøIg. munnwgkekItsNæandITaMgenHCajwkjy
RtUv)anRKbdNþb;edaykMNkMeNIténsilaPñMePøIg.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 109

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

rUbTI 14 xageRkamenHCaskmµPaBlMhUrrbs;
kMEGrPñMePøIg. enAeBlEdlvahUrmkdl;épÞelIén
EpndI. kMEGrPñMePøgI cuHRtCak;y:agqab;rh½sehIy
kkrwg egáIt)anCasilam:ak;ma: EdlmanRKab;lit¥ .

sMNYrrMlwk
1> etIlkçNHBIry:agEdleKeRbIsMrab;cat;fñak;silam:ak;m:amanGVIxøH?
2> etIGRtacuHRtCak;énkMEGrPñeM PøgI b¤ m:ak;m:aCH\T§iBlelIvayPaBénsilam:ak;m:ay:agdUcemþcxøH?
3> karbkRsayrUbPaB³ cUreRbIR)as;düaRkamenAkñgú rUbTI13 edIm,IeRbóbeFób RcksuIl nig CBa¢aMgDIk.
etIGVIEdleFVIeGayvamanlkçNHxusKñaBImYyeTAmYy?

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 110

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

មេម ៀនទី៣៖ សិលាកមេេចកំណ

BaküKnøwH
-RsTab;kMeTckMN (Strata) -karkekItCaRsTab;kMeTckMN (Stratification)
GVIEdlGñknwgsikSa
 BiBN’naBIkarkekItésilakMeTckMNTaMgbIRbePT.
Bnül;BIrebobEdlsilakMeTckMNkt;RtaRbvtþiPBEpndI.

xül; Twk Twkkk BnøWRBHGaTitü ehIynigTMnaj TaMgGs;enHbNþaleGaysilaBukpuyeTACabMENk.

rUbTI 15bgðajBIrebobEdlsilakMeTckMNxøHkekIt. qøgkat;dMeNIrkarénsMNwk bMENksila ehAfakemÞc
kMNRtUv)andwkCBa¢ÚnBIkEnøgmYyeTAkEnøgmYyeTot cugbBa©b;keM TckMNk¾RtUv)ancak;bgÁrCaRsTab;. sila
kemÞckMNekIteLIgBIkemÞckMNxaM P¢ab;Kña.

1> RbPBsilakMeTckMN
enAeBlEdlRsTab;kMeTckMNfµI²RtUv)ancak;bgÁrenAeBlenaHRsTab;TaMgLayRtUv)ansgát;eGay
ENnb¤bgçaMCab;Kña. Er:EdlrlayEjkecjBITwkedIm,IbegáItCaC½rkavFmµCatiEdlcgP¢ab;kemÞckMNTaMgGs;eTA
CasilakemÞckMN. silakMeTckMNekIteLIgenAelI b¤enACitépÞEpndI edayBuMcaM)ac;mankMedA ehIynigsm<aF
dUcCakarkrekItsilam:ak;m:a nigsilaERbkMeNIteT. lkçNHrUbénsilakemÞckMNR)ab;BIEpñkxøHénRbvtþirbs;
va. lkçNHEdlKYr[kt;sMKal;bMputénsilakemÞckMNKW RsTab;rbs;va b¤ RsTab;kemÞckMN . kMNat;pøÚv
ehIynigtMbn;kardæanCakEnøgd¾l¥bMputedIm,IsegátkMNkMeNItsilakemÞckMN dUcEdlGñkGaceXIjenAkñúgrUbTI
16 eRCaHd¾eRCATaMgLay)answkdac;edaysarTenøehIy pþl;nUveTs PaB d¾Gs©arü.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 111

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

rUbTI 15 vdþsilakemÞckMN
muneBlekItmansila
karBukpuy

kMemÞckMN
sMNwk
karcak;bgÁr

karbgçaM nig
lMnaMP©ab;
silakemÞckMN
rUbTI 16 karhUreRcaHCaeRcInlanqñaMedayTenø Colorado )anbeBa©j
eGayeXIjRsTab;silaenACBa¢aMgeRCaHFM ( Grand Canyon).

2> sm:asPaBpSMénsilakemÞckMN

silakemÞckMNk¾RtUv)ancat;fñak;eTAtamrebobénkarkekItpgEdr.silakemÞckMNRtUv)ancat;ecjCa
bIfañ k;sMxan;²KW silakemÞckMNkøasÞci silakemÞckMNKImI nig silakemÞckMN srIragÁ. silakemÞckMNkøasÞci
ekIteLIgenA eBlEdl bMENk énsila rWEr: EdlehAfa køas (Clast) bitCab;Kña. Sila kemÞc kMNKImI
ekIteLIgenAeBlEdlEr:krCaRkamecjBIsUluysüúg dUcCaTwksmuRTedIm,IkøayCasila. silakemÞckMNsrI
ragÁekIteLIgBIsMNl;énsrIragÁ. dUcEdlGñk)aneXIjenAkñgú rUbTI17TMhMnig rUbragénbMENksilaEdlbegáIt
)anCasilakMeTc kMNkøasÞicsMKal;nUveQµaH រbs;BYkva.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 112

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

សិលាក្តាំង

គ្រាប់គគ្ររមើ
សិលាខ្សាច់

2>1 silakemÞckMNkøasÞicថ្មភក់ ថ្មភក់

គ្រាប់មត៉ ់
rUbTI 17
sisillakemÞ
akMeTckM NkøasÞicRtUv)anekI
ckMN )ancat;teLI
fñak;geedaybM
dayTMhENkepSg²énsi laehI
MénbMENkEdlbegá It ynig Er:.
2>2 sisilla akemÞckMNKImI
silakemÞckMNKImIekIteLIgBIslU uysüúgénEr: nig Twk. enAeBlEdlmanTwkePøógvahUreq<aHeTA
smuRTy:agyWt² varMlaysarFatuxøH²énsila. CayfaehtusarFatuEdlrlaykekItCaEr: Edl begáI
tCasilakemÞckMNKImI. RbePTmYyénsilakemÞckMNKImI KWfµkMe)arKImIEdlekIteLIgBIkal;süÚmkabUNat
(CaCO3) rWEr:kal;suIt. vaekIteLIgenAeBlEdlkal;süÚm nig kabUNatRtUv)anRbmUl pþMeú nAkñúgTwk smuRT

Edlkal;sIutkCaRkamecjBIsUluysüúgTwksmuRT dUcmanbgðajenAkñúg rUbTI 18.

rUbTI18TaMgTwksab nigTWkéRbpÞkú eTAedaykal;süÚm nig

kabUNatrlay.fµkeM )arKImIekIteLIgenAelI)atmhasmuRT
.

fµkeM )ar
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 113
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

2>3 silakemÞckMNsrIragÁ
fµkMe)arPaKeRcInekIteLIgBIsMNl;énsaksBstVEdlrs;enAkññgmhasmuRT. sarFatusrIragÁ enHman
dUcCasMbkstV b¤q¥gw EdlekIteLIgBIkal;süÚmkabUNatEdlstVTaMgenaHTTYl)anBITwksmuRT.
]TahrN¾³ fµkMe)arxøH)ankekIteLIgBIq¥wgénusrIragtUc²EdlehAfa páafµ. páafµKWvatUcNas;b:uEnþvars;
enAvatTI)any:agFMeFg dUcEdl)anbgðajenAkñugrUbTI 19. eRkaymkeTotsMNl;én stVsmuRT TaMgenHRbmUl
pþMeú nA)atmhasmuRT RKaenaHsMNl;énstVTaMgenHk¾cgP¢ab;KñaedIm,IbegáItCaf µkeM )arpUsuIl (Fossiliferous).
pUslIu KWCasMNl; b¤ sñamdanénrukçCati nigstVEdlRtUv)anrkSaTukenAkñgú silakMeTckMN. pUsluI )an
pþle; GayeyIgnUvbrimaNd¾eRcInelIslubnUvBt’manGMBITrM g;CIvitenAsm½yedIm nigBIrebobrs;enArbs;BYkvafa
etIBYkeKrs;enAy:agdUcemþc. pUslIu PaKeRcInKW)anmkBIstVEdlrs;enAkñúgmhasmuRT. RbePTmYyeToténfµ
kMe)arsrIragÁ EdlmanbgðajenAkñgú rUbTI20ekIteLIgBIsarFatusrIragÁEdlTuknUvsMbkrbs;vaenAkñúgPk;enA)at
mhasmuRT.

rUbTI 19 stVsmuRTEdlehAfapáafµbegátI RsTab;fµkame)ary:agFM. enAeBl

EdlBYkvasøab;qWg¥ rbs;BYkvaRtUv)anRbmUlpþeúM nA)atsmuRT.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 114

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

rUbTI 20BBYkxüg ex©A dUcCa elossmuRT TTYlCatikal;süÚmsMrab;sMbkvaBITwksmuRT.

enAeBlEdlsarBagÁkayTaMgenHsøab; sMbkrbs;va)anRbmUlpþMúenA)atmhasmuRT cugbBa©b;vak¾
køayeTACa sila. eRkaymkeTotkMNkMeNItsilad¾FMkk¾ ekIteLIg.

3>TRmg;silakemÞckMN
lkçNHrbs;silakemÞckMNPaKeRcInGacR)ab;GñkBIrebobEdlsilakekIt. lkçNHBiessbMputénsilakemÞc
kMNenaHKW karkeekItCaRsTab;. RsTab;nmi Yy²xusKñaGaRs½yeTAelIRbePT TMhMnig BN’énkemÞc kMNrbs;va.
GRtaénkarcak;bgÁvak¾GacCH\T§iBlénkRmas;énRsTab;pgEdr. silakemÞckMNCYn kalkt;RtanUvclnarbs;
xül; nigrlkTwk enAelIbwgsmuRT Tenø nigpñkÚ xSac;lkçNHTaMgGs; enHRtUv)an bgajenAkñúgrUbTI 22 .
rUbTI 22 sñamRCYj²TaMgenHRtUv)anekIteLIgedaykarhUr
énTwk nig RtUv)anrkSaTukenAeBlEdlkemÞckMNkøayCasila
kMeTckMN. sñamRCYjTaMgenHk¾GacekIteLIgpgEdrBI
skmµPaBénxül;.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 115

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

sMNYrrMlwk
1> cUrBiBN’naBIdMeNIrkarénkMNkMeNItsilakemÞckMNkøasÞic.
2> cUrRsg;TMrg;TaMgbIénsilakemÞckMN ehIyBnül;faetIvakt;RtanUvdMeNIrkarFrNI y:agdUc emþcxøH?
3> viPaKTMnak;TMng
silakemÞckMNkøasÞci nig silakemÞckMNKImIRtUv)ancat;fñak;edayeyageTAtamvayPaB nig smas
Fatu.etIlkçNHmYyNaEdlCalkçNHsMxan;bMputsMrab;RbePTnimYy²énsilakemÞckMN? cUrBnül;.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 116

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

មេម ៀនទី៤៖ សិលាររែកំមណើត

BaküKnøwH
- vayPaBdUcRkambnÞH (foliated) - vayPaBmindUcRkambnÞH (nonfoliated)
GVIEdlGñknwgsikSa
BN’naBIviFIBIry:agEdlsilaGacTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNIt.


Bnül;faetIsmasPaBEr:rbs;silapøas;bþÚry:agdUcemþcxøHenAeBlEdlvaTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNIt

BN’naBIPaBxusKñarvagsilaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBdUcRkambnÞHnig

silaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBmindUcRkam.

Baküfa "Metamorphic" KWmkBIBakü "meta"Edlmann½yfa")anpøas;bþÚr"ehIynig Bakü "mor

phos" mann½yfa {rag} . cUrcgcaMfasilaERbkMeNItKWCasilaEdl TMrg; vayPaB b¤smasPaBrbs;sila
RtUv)anpøas;bþÚr. silaGacTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNItedaysarskmµPaBénkMedA b¤skmµPaBénsMBaFEtmü:ag b¤
k¾TaMgBIry:agEtmþg. RbePTTaMgbIénsila mansilaPñeM PøgI silakMeTckMN ehIysUm,IEt silaERbkMeNItxøÜnÉg
k¾GackøayeTACasilaERbkMeNItpgEdr.

1>RbPBsilaERbkMeNIt
vayPaB b¤smasPaBEr:énsilaGacpøas;bþÚrenAeBlEdlmCÄd§anCMuvijrbs;vapøas;bþÚr.RbsinebI
sItuNPð aBnigsMBaFénmCÄd§anfµIvaxusBImCÄd§anEdlsilaekIteLIg silanwgTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNIt. lMnaM
ERbkMeNItPaKeRcInpøas;bþÚrKWbNþalmkBIkMeNInsMBaFEdlekIteLIgenACeRmAeRCACag 2 KILÚEm:t. enACeRmA
eRCACag 16 KILÚEm:t sMBaFGacekIneLIg 4000 dg BIsMBaFbriyakas. cUremIlrUb TI 23 silaenHehAfa
"Garnet schist" : hÁaENtsÁIs : EdlekIteLIgenACMerARbEhl 30 KILÚEm:t. enACeRmAenHRkamrbs;
silaxøHRtUv)anekIteLIgBIkarpøas;bþÚrEdlCalT§plénsMBaFd¾xøaMg.RbePTepSgeTotén"Schist"ekIteLIgenA
CeRmAEdlrak;CagenH. sItuNðPaBEdllMnaMERbkMeNItekIteLIg KWenAcenøaH BI 50 GgSa eTA 1000 GgSa .
enAsItuNðPaBx<s;Cag 1000 GgSa silaPaKeRcInnwgrlaylMnaMERbkMeNItminEmneFVI[silarlayeT enAeBl
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 117
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

Edlsilarlay vanwgkøayCam:ak;m:aehIybnÞab;mkKWsilam:ak;m:a. enAkñúgrUbTI 24 GñkGaceXIjfasila

enHRtUv)anxUcRTg;RTayedaysMBaFd¾xøagM .

rUbTI 24 enAkñúgvaldaMdMNaMenH GñkGaceXIj]TahrN¾

rUbTI 23 enAkMBlU énsilaERbkMeNIt
enHehAfa "garnetschist" enAEpñk
xageRkamKWCarUbPaBBRgIk
"Microcopic" éncMNitd¾esþIg
rbs; "garnet schist"
mYyBIrebobsilakMeTckMNxUcRTg;RTay enAeBlva)an
TTYlnUvlMnaMERbkMeNIt.
sV½yRtYtBinitü
etIsilaTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNItedayb:H
nwgm:ak;m:a niglMnaMERbkMeNItedaykarb:H
TgÁicy:agdUcemþcxøHy:agdUcemþcxøH?

1>1 lMnaMERbkMeNItedayb:Hnwgm:ak;m:a
viFmI YyEdlsilaGacTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNItKWedaysarmanTMnak;TMngCamYym:ak;m:a. enAeBlEdl
m:ak;m:aeFVIclnaqøgkat;sMbkEpndI vakMedAmCÄd§anCMuvij silaehIy : cm¥ni :va. CalT§plm:ak;m:a k¾pøas;bþÚrEr:xøH
enAkñgú mCÄdæanCuMvijsilaeTACaEr:epSg²eTotkarpøas;bþÚrd¾FMeFgenaHKWekIteLIgenAkEnøgEdlm:ak;m:amanTMnak;TM
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 118
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

ngpÞal;CamYynwgmCÄd§anCuMvijsila. \T§iBlénkMedAcuHRtCak;bnþicmþg² GaRs½yeTAnwg cMgayBIm:ak;m:a. dUc

EdlGñk)aneXIjenAkñgú rUbTI 25TMnak;TMnglMnaMERbkMeNIt KWekIteLIgEt bnÞab; BIsilam:ak;m:aeRCótEtb:ueNÑaH.
1>2 lMnaMERbkMeNItedaykarb:HTgÁic
enAeBlEdlsm<aFd¾xøagM køaekIteLIgenAkñúgsilaEdlkb;y:ageRCAenAeRkamkMNkMeNItsilaepSg
eTotb¤enAeBlEdlpÞaMgFM²énsMbkEpndIb:HTgÁicKñaCamYYynwgpÞaMgepSgeTotlMnaMERbkMeNItedaykarb:HTgÁic
k¾ekItmaneLIg. sm<aFnigkMeNInénsItuNðPaBEdlekIteLIgenAeRkamlkçxNÐTaMgenHbNþal[silakøay
eTACaxUcRTg;RTayehIynigpøas;bþÚrsm:asFatuKImI. silaERbkMeNItRbePTenHPaKeRcIn KWsßitenAxageRkam
kMNkMeNItsilaTVIb.

lMnaMERbkMeNItedayb:Hnwgm:ak;m:a

silakemÞckMN

m:ak;m:a

lMnaMERbkMeNItedykarb:HTgÁic

rUbTI 25 lMnaMERbkMeNItekIteLIgenAelItMbn;EdltUc² dUcCaenACab;nwgGagénm:ak;m:a ehIynigtMbn;FM² dUcCaCYrPñM.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 119

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

BiesaFn¾xøI cUreFVIenApÞH
latRtdag
1>KUrsilaRkanItEdlERbkMeNItrbs;GñkenAelIRkdasmYysnøwkedayeRbIb‘ícexµA. cUrR)akdfa
)anbBa©ÚlBRgagénsilaehIybMeBjvaedayTRmg;RkamxusKña.
2> kin)aøsÞicEdlmandIElgelIsilaRkanItehIybkvaecjyWt².
3>bnÞab;BIR)akdfaTMrg;énsilaRkanItrbs;GñkRtUv)anbBa¢ÚneTAdIElg cUrTajnig rujdIElg.
etImanGVeI kIteLIgcMeBaH {:Rkam :? etImanGVIekIteLIgcMeBaHsilaRkanIt?

2> smasPaBénsilaERbkMeNIt
enAeBlEdllkçxNÐenAkñúgsMbkEpndIpøas;brþÚ edaysarkarb:HTgÁicrvagTVIb nig TVIb rWkarhUrecjén
m:ak;m:a sItuNðPaBnig sMBaFénsilak¾pøas;bþÚr. Er:TaMgLayEdlmanvtþmanenAkñúgsilaenAeBlEdlva)an
kekIteLIgRbEhlCaminGacsßitenAkñúgmV CÄd§anfµI)anyUreT. Er:edImk¾pøas;bþÚreTACaEr:EdlGacsßitenAkñgú
lkçxNÐsItuNðPaB nig sMBaFfµI. cUremIleTArUbTI 26 Ca]TahrN¾mYyfaetIvaekIteLIgy:agdUcemþc?

kal;suIt

kemþA
kVat nigsm<aF

hÁaENt
eGm:aTIt

rUbTI 26 Er: kal;suIt kVat nig eGm:aTItrYmbBa©ÚlKña nig kekItCaRkameLIgvijedIm,IbegátI CaEr:ERb

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 120
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

kMeNIteTACaGarnet.
PaKeRcInénEr:fµ²I TaMgenHkekIteLIgEtenA
kñúgsilaERbkMeNItEtb:ueNÑaH. dUcmanbgðajenA
kñúgrUbTI 27Er:ERbkMeNItxøHkekIteLIgenAkñúgcenøaH
lkçxNÐBiessénsItuNðPaB nigsm<aFEtb:eu NÑaH.
enAeBlEdlGñkviTüasa®sþsegátEr:ERbkMeNItTaMg
enHenAkñúgsila BYkeKGac)a:n;sµanBIsItuNPð aB nig
sm<aF EdlsilaeTIbTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNIt.
skmµPaB
etIGñk)andwgeTfaGñkmanfµkMeNItmYy? fµkMeNIt
enaHKWCat,Úgfµ rWRkamEr:. enAerogral;ExénqñaMmanfµ
kMeNItxusKñamYyrWBIr.
cUrrkeGayeXIjfaetIfµkMeNItNaxøHEdlGñkman
tamryHkarRsavRCavenAkñúgbNÑal½ysalaeronrbs;
;GñkrWk¾tamGIuneFIeNt. eQµaHénfµkMeNItTaMgenaHCa
TUeTAmindUcnigeQµaHEr:EdlBitR)akdenaHeT. etIsila
RbePTNaEdlGñkTMngCarkeXIjfavadUcCafµkMeNIt
rbs;Gñk? etIehtuGVI?

kørIt
400GgSa
BI 4 eTA 32 K>m

mUsváÚ It mIka
700 GgSa
BI 5 eTA 34 K>m

hÁaENt
m:ak;m:a
BI 700eTA1>200GgSa
BI 25 eTA 60 K>m
rUbTI 27 GñkviTüasa®sþGacyl;Rbvtþri bs;silaERbkMeNIt)anedaysareFVIkar segáteTAelIEr:Edl man
enAkñúgsila. ]TahrN¾silaERbkMeNItpÞkú Garnet kekIteLIgenACMerAeRCA CagsilaERb kMeNItEdl
pÞúkEtkørtI .
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 121
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

3> vayPaBrbs;silaERbkMeNIt

dUcEdlGñk)andwgehIyfavayPaB CYyGñkeGaycat;fñak;silam:ak;m:anig silakMeTckMN. vak¾dUcKña

eTAnwgsilaERbkMeNItEdr. RKb;silaERbkMeNItTaMgGs;manmYyb¤BIrvayPaB KWvayPaBdUc RkambnÞHnig vay
PaBmindUcRkambnÞH. silaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBdUcRkambnÞH pÞkú nUvEr:Edl tRmg; KñaEdlemIleTAdUcCa
TMBr½RkdasenAkñúgesovePAmYyk,al . silaERbkMeNItEdlman vayPaBmindUc RkambnÞHminelceLIgCaKMrU
eTogTat;enaHeT. cUremIleGaykan;EtCiténRbePT nImYy²énsilaERbkMeNIt TaMgenHBIvFi IEdlvakekIt.

3>1 silaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBdUcRkambnÞH;
silaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBdUcRkambnÞHpÞúknUvRKab;Er: EdlteRmobCaCYredaysarsm<aF. silaERbkM
eNItEdlmanvayPaBdUcRkambnÞHd¾rwgmaMenHCaTUeTApÞúknUvEr:ragbnÞH dUcCaébGUTItmIka. cUrRkeLk emIl rUbTI
28 fµPaCn¾pSMeLIgBIEr:dI\dæCaeRcInRsTab;. enAeBlEdlsßitenAeRkamsm<aFnig kMedAexSay Er:dI\dæpøas;bþÚr
eTACaEr:mIka ehIyfµPaCn¾)ankøayeTACasilaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBdUcRkambnÞH nig man vayPaBRKab;
m:t;ehAfasilaQñnÜ . silaERbkMeNItGackøayCasilaERbkMeNItepSgeTot Rbsin ebImCÄdæanpøas;bþÚrmþg
eTot. CamYynwgkarbEnßmkMedA nig sm<aF silaQñnÜ GackøayeTACa Phyllite, b¤ks¾ ilaERbkMeNItmYyRbePT
epSgeTot. enAeBl Phyllite ekIteLIgehIybEnßmnUvsMBaF nig kMedA vaGackøayeTACasilaERbkMeNItmUy
RbePTeTotehAfa "Schist". enAeBlEdlkRmit énlMnaMERbkMeNItekIneLIgkarteRmobénEr:enAkñgú sila
k¾pøas;bÚþrEdr. CamYynwgkarbEnßmkMedA nigsm<aFEr:EdlmanRKab;eRKOm²EbgEckeTACaRkuménsilaERbkMeNIt
EdlehAfakñsi "gneiss"EdlbeBa©jsMeLgfa "nice" "Nays¾".

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 122

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

fµPaCn¾kMeTckMN

silaQñÜn rUbTI 28 \T§Bi lénlMnaMERbkMeNItGaRs½yeTAelIkeM dA

nigsMBaFEdlmanGMeBImkelIsila. enHGñkGaceXIjnUv
GVIEdlekIteLIgcMeBaHfµPaCn¾ enAeBlEdlkMedA nig
sm<aFekInkan;EtxøagM eLIg².
Phylli
te
silaQñÜn
kñsi

3>2 silaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBmindUcRkambnÞH
silaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBmindUcRkambnÞHRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 29 . etIGñkmankt;
smÁal;nvU GVIEdl)at;bg;eT?gVHxaténka rteRmobCYrrbs;RKab;Er:eFVIeGaysilakøayCasilaEdlmanvayPaB
mindUcRkambnÞH . vaCasilaFmµtaEdlekIteLIgedayEr:EtmUy b¤BIr bIRbePT. fµxSac;KWCasilakemÞckMNEdl
ekIteLIgBIRKab;xSac;kVatepSg²Kña . b:uEnþenAeBlEdlfµxSac;TTYl rgnUvkMedAnig sm<aF énlMnaMERbkMeNIt
cenøaHrvagRKab;xSac;RtUv)an)at;bg;enAeBlEd;lvakekItCaRkammþgeTotehIykøayeTACaQuartzite. Quartzite
manBnøWEcgcaMgelceLIgnUvPaBPøWciBa©ac. vaenAEtekIteLIgBIkVat b:uEnþRKab;Er: vamanTMhMFMCag. enAeBlEdl
fµkMe)arTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNIt dMeNIrkardUcKñak¾ekItmaneLIgcMeBaH Er:kal;suItehIynigfµkeM )ar[køayCafµ
m:ab. fµm:abmanRkamkal;suItFMCagfµkMe)ar. GñkRbEhlCa)aneXIjfµm:abenAkñgú sMNg; nigrUbsMNakCa
eRcIn.
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 123
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

TMnak;TMngCIvviTüa
Bakü Metamorphosismann½yfa
}pøas;bþÚrTRmg; {. enAeBlEdlstVxøHTTYlrgnUv
karpøas;brþÚ rUbragénsarBagÁkayrbs;vay:agqab;
fµma: b
;rh½senaHeKniyayfavaTTYlrgnUvkarpøas;bþÚr
TRmg;. k¾dUcCaEpñkmYyénvdþCIvitFmµCatirbs;BYk
vastVxµÚtnig emGMe)Aqøgkat;CIvitbYndMNak;kal.
bnÞab;BIvajas;ecjBIs‘ut BYkvasßitenAkñúgtMNak;
Quartzite kalCakUnjas; kñúgTMrg;CadgávÚ emGMe)A. enA
rUbTI 29 fµma: bnig kVatsuIt Quartzite CasilaERb tMNak;kalbnÞab;BYkvabegáItCasMbuknagrWkøayeTA
kMeNItEdlmanvayPaBmindUcRkambnÞH. dUcEdlGñk CastVl¥it ¬ryHeBlEdldgávÚ nagrs;enAkñúug
)aneXIjrUbPaBBRgIkenH KµanRkamEr:NaEdlRtUv)an sMbuk¦. enHehAfa tMNak;dwkeDO. TIbMputBYkva
teRmobCaCYreLIy. elcecjnUvtMNak;kaleBjv½yénCIvitrbs;vaEl
bMeBjeTAedaysøab Gg;Etn ehIynigeCIg.

sMNYrrMlwk
1> etIktþamCÄdæanGVIxøHEdlbNþaleGaysilaTTYlrgnUvlMnaMERbkMeNIt?
2> etIsilaERbkMeNItEdlmanvayPaBdUcRkambnÞH nigsilaERbkMeNItEdlmanvay PaBmin dUcRkam
bnÞHxusKñadUcemþc?
3> cUreFVkI arsnidñ æan³ RbsinebIGñkmansilaERbkMeNItBIrmYymanRkamhÁaENt mYYyeTotmanRkamkørIt.
etImYyNaEdl)anekIteLIgenACMerAeRCAbMputénsMbkEpndI? cUrBnül;

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 124

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

cMNucsMxan;²kñúgCMBUkTI 4
emeronTI 1
BaküKnøwH
- sila - vdþsila
- m:ak;m:a - silakMeTckMN
- silaERbkMeNIt - silam:ak;m:a
- smasPaB - vayPaB
kMNt;sMKal;xøwmsar
silaRtUv)aneRbIR)as;edaymnusSrab;Ban;qñam
M kehIy
ehIyvak¾RtUv)aneK[témøEdr enAeBlbc©úb,nñenH.
silaRtUv)ancat;fñak;ecjCabIRbePTFM² KW silam:ak;m:a

silakMeTckMN nig silaERbkMeNItGaRs½yeTAelIrebob

énkarkekIt.
BN’naBIdMeNIrkarEdlsilamYyGacpøas;bþÚrecjBIRbePT

silamYyepSgeTot.
GñkviTüasa®sþcat;fñak;silaedayBwgEp¥keTAelIlkçNHvinicä½yBIr KW smasPaB nig vayPaB.

sarFaturlayrbs;m:ak;m:abegáItkMNkMeNItsilaTaMgenAeRkamdInig enAelId.I

emeronTI 2
BaküKnøwH
- silaeRCot - silaPñeM PøgI
kMNt;sMKal;xøwmsar
vayPaBrbs;silam:ak;m:aRtUv)ankMNt;edayGRtaénkarcuHRtCak;. m:ak;m:acuHRtCak;k an;EtyWt

enaHRkamrbs;silak¾kan;EtFMEdr.
silam:ak;m:aEhVlsicu manBN’PeøW hIyRsal cMENkÉsilam:ak;m:a m:ahVci manBN’RsGab;ehIy F¶n;.
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 125
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

 sarFatum:ak;m:aEdlrwgenAelIépÞEpndIRtUv)aneKehAfasilaPñMePøIgcMENkÉsarFatum:ak;m:aEdlkk
rwgenAkñúgsMbkEpndIRtuv)anehAfasilaeRCot.
karBiesaFn¾
 kMNkMeNItRkam

emeronTI 3
BaküKnøwH
- RsTab;kemÞckMN - karkekItCaRsTab;kemÞckMN
kMNt;sMKal;xøwmsar
silakemÞckMNkøasÞc i RtUv)anekIteLIgedaysilanig bMENkénEr:Edl)anbgçaMP¢ab;Kña.
silakemÞckMNKImIekIteLIgenAeBlEdlEr;kCaRkamecjBIl,ay dUcCaTwksmuRT.

silakemÞckMNsrIragÁekIteLIgBIkaksMNl;énsarBagÁkay.

silakMeTckMNkt;RtaBIRbvtþikMNkMeNItrbs;vaenAkñúglkçNHrbs;va. lkçNFmµtaxøHmanTRmg;
CaRsTab;sñamrlk nig pUsIul.

emeronTI 4
BaküKnøwH
- vayPaBdUcRkambnÞH - vayPaBmindUcRkambnÞH
kMNt;sMKal;xøwmsar
RbePTmYyénlMnaMERbkMeNItKWCalT§plénkarekInkMedAénm:ak;m:aenAtMbn;tUcmYyCMvu ijsilapøas;bþÚrva


yPaB nig smasPaBrbs;va.

lMnaMERbkMeNItPaKeRcInCalT§plénskmµPaBkMedA nig sm<aFenAtMbn;FM²énsMbkEpndI.

sm:asPaBEr:énsilapøas;bþÚrenAeBlEdlEr:RtUv)anekI teLIgedaykarkekItCaRkameLIgvijedIm,I

kekItCaEr:fµ.I Er:fµITaMgenHmanesßrPaBeRkamsItuNðPaB nigsm<aFEdlekIneLIg.

silaERbkMeNItEdlmanRKab;Er:teRmobCaCYrRtUv)anehAfamanvayPaBdUcRkam bnÞH CaRsTab;ehIy

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 126

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

silaERbkMeNItEdlmanRKab;Er:min teRmobCa CYrRtUv)anehAfa manvayPaBmindUcRkambnÞH.

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 127

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

viTüasa®sþ bec©kviTüanig sgÁm

TIRkugsila
bc©úb,nñenHenAeBlEdleyIgCIkEpñkénPñMedIm,Isagsg;pvøÚ b¤
GaKarBYkeyIg)aneRbIR)as;m:asuInFunF¶n; nig rMesvpÞHú . etIGñkGac
KitRsm½yfanwgeFVIkargarEbbenHedayRKan;EteRbIR)as;EtjjÜr
mYy b¤ BnøakmYyb:ueNÑaHEdrb¤eT?vaBitEmnehIy KWenAcenøaHRb
Ehl300 qñamM unK> s nig 200 K>s kulsm<½n§Gar:ab;mYyehAfa
Nabataeans )aneFVkI arEbbenaH BYkeK)anqøak;pHÞ énTIRkugTaMgGs;
tMbn;hag vimanepSg² kariyal½yrdæ)al nigR)asaTnana enAkñúg
EpñkénPñM. GaKard¾l,Il,ajbMputenA PetraCartnaKar
RtUv)anBgðajenAkñúgExSPaBynþ Indiana
Jones and Last Crusade
1> TIRkugBN’kUlabRkhm
TIRkugEdlKYr[q¶l;enHsßitenAPaKxagt,ÚgénRbeTs hS½kdg; Jordan KWeQµaHfa Petra EdlRtUv)an
dak;eQµaHedayGFiraCCnCatir:mU :agM eQµaH Hadrian Petra kñúgkMLúgeBlTsSnkic©rbs;Kat;enAqña1M 31 K>s.
enAeBlmYyenaHGñkkvI)anBN’na Petra faCa :TIRkugBN’kUlabRkhm : BIeRBaHRKb; GaKarnig vimanRtUv)anqøak;
ecjBIPñMfxµ Sac;BN’páaQUkCMuvij Petra.
edayeRbIR)as;fµRkhmpáaQUkenH TIRkug Nabataeans )anbBaÄrsrsrfµx<s;²enAtampøÚvEdlsMxan;
²kNþalTIRkug. pøÚvenHbBa©b;enAeCIgPñMmYy b:Enþ\LÚvenHRtUv)aneKsÁal;faCamhaR)asaT EdlmanTMnak; TMng
eTAnwgerOgr:avsasnad¾saMjauBM Ir ehIyvamanTMhMFMCagtarag)al;Tat;eTAeTot.
kEnøgEdlx<s;sRmab;eFVIBiFIbUCa CaEpñkmYyeTotEdlenACitkNaþlTIRkug KWCakMBlU Pñ.M kulsm<½n
Nabataeans )anQUskMBUlPñM[esµIehIy)anbegáItCakEnøgsMrab;rMlwkKuNdl;eTACag 1000 kEnøgenAelI
)ateRCaH. sBVéf¶enHGñkeTscrN¾eLIgtamCeNþIreTAelIkMBUl. enAtampøvÚ BYkeK)anRbTH eXIjpñrÚ rab;LÚ
Edlqøak;enAkñúgCBa¢aMgsilaBN’páaQÚk.
2> pñÚrd¾eRcInsn§wksn§ab;
ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 128
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

manpñÚreRcInCag 800 )anCIkeTAkñúgPñµMenACuvM ijtMbn; Petra. mYykñúgcMeNampñÚrTaMgGs; CartnaKar ¬)an

begáIteLIgsMrab;;GñkRKb;RKgkulsm<½n§¦ mankMBs;x<s;Cag 40 Em:Rt. vaCaGaKard¾Gs©arümYyEdlmanEpñkxag
muxmankartubEtgy:agl¥itl¥n;.enAxageRkayEpñkmuxénfµFMdG¾ s©arüenHkulsm<½nNabateans)anqøak;bnÞb;
d¾FMmYy ehIy nigbnÞb;tcU ²BIrrUgcUleTAkñgú Pñ.M
3> »nPaBenA Petra
kalBIsm½ymunenAeBlmYyenaH kulsm<½n Nabateans )anRKb;RKgtMbn;d¾FMEdllatsn§wgBI Petra
dl; Damascus. BYkeK)anBRgIkGMNac nig RTBüsm,tþiedayRKb;RKgelIpøÚvBaNiC¢kmµsMxan;²enACit Petra.
b:uEnþRTBüsm,tþirbs;BYkeK)anTak;TajGFiraCr:mU uaMg ehIykñúgqñaM 106 Petra )ankøayeTACaextþénRkugr:Um.fVIebI
TIRkug)anrIkcMerIn enAeRkamkarRKb;RKgrbs;CnCatir:UmuaMgesÞrI EtCitmYystvtSk¾eday k¾karcuHfybnþicmþg²
enAkñgú GMNacén kulsm<½n Nabateans k¾)ancab;epþIm. pøvÚ BaNiC¢kmµEdlRKb;RKgedaykulsm<½nNabateans
Gs;ryHeBlCaeRcInryqñaMmkehIyenaH RtUv)ane)aHbg;ecal edayBYkeKeBj citþeTARKb;RKgenAelIpvøÚ mYyenA
CitsmuRTRkhm. mnusS)anerIecj ehIyTIRkugk¾RtUv)anrlubbnþci mþg². enACitstSvtSTI 7 KµanGVIbnSl;
TukenAkñúg Petra eT KWmanEt sMNg;fµTeTEtb:ueNÑaH.
 karyl;dwgbEnßm
CYnkalsMedAeTAelITRI kugmYy {ecjBIsilaEdlekIteLIgedayevTmnþ}. ehtuGVI)anCaTIRkug
Petra
enHvahak;dUcCaevTmnþcMeBaHeyIgenAsBVéf¶enH? etIGeVI TAEdl)anelIkTWkcitþBYkkulsm<½n§ Nabateans [sag
sg;TIRkugenHeLIg? cUrEckcayKMnitrbs;GñkCamYynwgmitþrmY fñak;

ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 129

ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

suxPaB
kaMbitvHkBa©k;
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nkarxUcxatticdl;Es,k nigCalikaepSg².
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ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 130
ដេប៉ាតឺម៉ាង់អប់រ ំ វ ិទ្យាស្ថានជាតិអប់រ ំ

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edayéd. sBVéf¶enHkaMbitvHkat;GubsIeu donRtUv)aneBjniymenAkñúgviFIdUcKñanwg Gñkvayfµ KWmnusS EdleFVI
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kehIykñúgkareFVIEpøkaMbitBIsilaGubsIueDon nig ]bkrN¾eFVIGMBIfeµ pSg²eTot.
5>tamKMnitpÞal;rbs;Gñk
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cUrrk[eXIjBICMhanTaMgLayEdlGñkvayfµGnuvtþtamedIm,IbegáIt]bkrN¾eFVIGBM IfµmYy.cUrrkfµmYydMuehIyemI
lRbsinebIGkñ GaceFVItamCMhanTaMgLayedIm,IbegáIt]bkrN¾eFIVBIsilaedayxøÜnGñkpÞal;.
cUrRby½tñkMuvayRmamédrbs;Gñk RtUvBak;Ev:ntakarBarpg.



ដរៀបដរៀងដោយក្រុមក្រូឧដទ្យេសមុមវ ិវ ិជាែនវនវ ិទ្យា ទ្យំព័រ 131