P R OT E C T I O N

MiCOM P43x
Distance Protection

The distance protection devices of the MiCOM P43x range are

designed for selective short-circuit protection, ground fault protection
and overload protection. They can be applied in all kind of medium-,
high- and extra-high-voltage systems.

The wide range of protection functions covers all kind of applications

in cable and overhead line protection. In addition numerous back-up
protection and control functions are available. P43x provide four
setting groups for easy adaptation to varying system operation
conditions.

The user-friendly user interface as well as

the various communication interfaces allow
easy and entire device settings and readings
compact P430C from extensive recordings. Numerous
integrated communication protocols allow
easy interfacing to almost any kind of
substation control or SCADA system.
Furthermore the integrated protection
interface InterMiCOM provides direct end-end
communication between two protection
devices.

The specially flat compact case of P430C as

well as the standard 19'' modular cases of
modular P433, P435, P437
P433, P435 and P437 with variable number
of plug-in modules provide a flexible solution
for easy integration of the devices into the
substation.
Both case variants are available for flush
monting and wall mounting.

Customer Benefits
• 1A/5A settable via
software
• Two communication
interfaces (for substation
control system and
remote access)
• Protection interface
InterMiCOM

AREVA T&D
 APPLICATION GLOBAL FUNCTIONS

Distance protection devices MiCOM P43x provide a The following global functions are generally available in
wide range of protection functions. all devices:

> Parameter subset selection (4 alternative setting

The integrated functions reflect the different
groups)
requirements in system protections. The preferred
> Metering
applications are as follows:
> Operating data recording
> P430C: MV systems with 3pole tripping only > Overload recording incl. overload data acquisition
> P433: MV systems with 3pole tripping only > Ground fault recording incl. ground fault data
acquisition
> P435: MV and HV systems with 1pole or 3pole
tripping > Fault recording of all CT/VT inputs and binary event
incl. fault measurands (e.g. fault location).
> P437: HV and EHV systems with 1pole or 3pole
tripping .

Functions Overview P430C P433 P435 P437

21 DIST Distance Protection • • • •

No. of measuring systems 1 1 1 3
Mutual compensation - - - option
85-21 PSIG Protective signaling (channel aided scheme logic) • • • •
50/27 SOTF Switch on to fault protection • • • •
68 PSB Power swing blocking and out-of-step tripping • • • •
MCMON Measuring-circuit monitoring (CT/VT supervision) • • • •
BUOC Backup overcurrent-time protection • • • •
50/51 P,Q,N DTOC Definite-time overcurrent protection • • • •
51/67 P,Q,N IDMT Directional Inverse-time overcurrent protection • • • •
67N GFSC Ground fault (short-circuit) protection
(Br.: Directional earth fault protection, DEF) • - • •
85-67N GSCSG Ground fault (short-circuit) protection signaling
(Br.: DEF scheme logic) • - • •
32 P<> Directional power protection • • • -
49 THERM Thermal overload protection • • • •
27/59 P,Q,N V<> Over-/undervoltage protection • • • •
81 O/U f<> Over-/underfrequency protection • • • •
TGFD Transient ground fault direction determination - option option -
GFDSS Ground fault direct. determ:
using steady-state values • • • -
GFTRP Ground fault tripping • • • -
GFSIG Ground fault protection signaling • • • -
25 ASC Automatic synchronism check option option option option
79 ARC Auto-reclosing control 3p 3p 1/3p 1/3p
LIMIT Limit value monitoring • • • •
LOGIc Programmable scheme logic • • • •
COMMx 2 communication interfaces,
IRIG-B, InterMiCOM option option option option
INP/ Binary inputs /
OUTP output relays (maximum number) 2/8 10 / 22 28 / 46 28 / 46
MEASI / Analog-I/O
MEASO (2x 20 mA outputs, 20 mA and PT-100 inputs) - option option option

2>3
MAIN FUNCTIONS

Main functions are autonomous function groups and

can be individually configured or disabled to suit a
particular application. Function groups that are not
required and have been disabled by the user are
masked completely (except for the configuration
parameter) and functional support is withdrawn from
such groups.

This concept permits an extensive scope of functions

and universal application of the device in a single
design version, while at the same time providing for a
clear and straight-forward setting procedure and
adaptation to the protection and control task under
consideration.

Simple Function Selection

by Mouseclick

FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW

Communication COMM1 Self Recording Overload

COMM2 Monitoring and rec.
Data Ground flt.
to SCADA / substation control / RTU / modem ... Acquisition
via RS485 or Fibre Optics rec.
using IEC 60870-5-101, -103, Modbus, DNP3,
Courier, UCA2, IEC61850 LIMIT Metering Fault rec.
Vref

21 50/27 VTS/CTS 51 P,N 50/51 P,Q,N 51/67 P,Q,N 67N 49 32 25 79

TGFD
DIST SOTF MCMON BUOC DTOC IDMT GFSC THERM P<> ASC ARC

I
V
IE,par

85-21 68 85-67N 27/59 P,Q,N 81 O/U GFDSS GFSIG GFTRP LOGIC

PSIG PSB GSCSG V<> f<>

conventional protection
signalling InterMiCOM communication always available
optional or specific
Distance Protection P43x

(Description of ANSI code nos. see Function Overview)

MiCOM P43x provides

full functionality at your disposal.
 DISTANCE PROTECTION

The devices are equipped with elaborate fault

V/Vnom
detection elements that can be adapted to the or
individual application. They provide reliable fault V/Vnom / √3
detection and fault type determination even under
difficult system conditions. The following criteria are
1,0
continuously monitored:
V<
> Overcurrent (I>>)
0,5
> Undervoltage (V<)
> Underimpedance with load blinding (Z<)
> Ground fault detection adaptable to system
1,0 2,0 I/I
grounding. nom
I> I>>

All fault detection measurement elements operate

simultaneously.

Inrush stabilization and Fuse Failure monitoring X

X fw
(VT circuit supervision) are integrated.

A well proven voltage memory eliminates all problems

fw
Z
with directional determination in case of small fault
voltage, CVT transients or in series compensated lines 70 °
β
applications.
Z Rfw,PG R
fw , P
P
Z

bw
Rfw,PP

Z
fw
,P
G

Fault Detection Characteristics

Tripping
Characteristics
Six distance zones can be set in total. Each zone can
be set as forward, backward or non-directional to suit
X requirements. Zone 1 extension is provided and
controlled by integrated functions such as auto-
σ 1
X1
reclosing control or protective signaling or by an
external signal. Special zone 4 is provided, to allow
auto-reclosing only on the overhead-line section in
˚
45 α 1 cable/line systems or to compensate the bundle
conductor effect.
R1,PG R

R1,PP P437 could optionally be equipped with an additional

CT input to measure the residual current of a parallel
line to provide mutual coupling compensation.

Z1

45 ˚ α 1

R
arc
compensation

MiCOM P43x detects any fault

4>5
in your power system.
 3 3 3 3

N 2 N 2 N 2 N 2

1 1 1 1

CE

E E E E

isolated Peterson-coil low-impedance

starpoint compensated earthed/grounded

non-effectively effectively
earthed/grounded earthed/grounded

Power System Grounding

SWITCH ON TO FAULT GROUND-FAULT DIRECTION

PROTECTION DETERMINATION

Closing of a circuit breaker might inadvertently lead to a
short-circuit fault due to a maintenance ground clamp
not yet removed, for example.
'Switch on to fault protection' provides an undelayed
protective tripping during a settable time after a manual
close command has been issued.
POWER SWING BLOCKING
/ OUT-OF-STEP TRIPPING
For the determination of the ground-fault direction in
isolated or Peterson-coil compensated power systems
two proven methods are provided:
> wattmetric method (analysis of steady-state
signals), complemented by signaling scheme and
trip logic;
> transient method (analysis of time-signals)
(optional).

Power swings between generators due to severe load GROUND SHORT-CIRCUIT

variations or system faults may cause measured
impedances to enter distance zones. To avoid incorrect
tripping, the devices measure the rated change of
power to implement blocking for the duration of the
swing. In case of short-circuits during a power swing,
the blocking is disabled immediately to allow distance
elements to operate.
Alternatively an out-of-step tripping feature can be
activated which operates either on fast power change or
upon detection of instable swings.
Ground-faults are detected by monitoring the neutral
displacement voltage and neutral current. Depending
on the grounding of the system starpoint either earth-
fault direction determination or sensitive high-
impedance ground-short-circuit protection is required.
PROTECTION
A highly sensitive zero-sequence power directional
protection (Br.: Directional Earth-Fault protection, DEF)
is integrated as back-up protection for high-impedance
ground short-circuits in low-impedance grounded
systems.
In order to achieve high-speed tripping, the device is
equipped with a supplementary ground fault (short-
circuit) protection signaling logic (Br.: DEF scheme
logic) that provides both:
> Release (permissive) scheme
> Blocking scheme.
This scheme logic can be set up in parallel and
independently from the distance scheme logic.

X
X

Power-Swing Characteristic
2 1
Z(t)

α
R R

1: stable power swing

2: instable power swing
(out-of-step condition)
 PROTECTIVE SIGNALING
The distance reach is usually set to values below 100 %
line length so as to avoid overlapping of adjacent
substations. Protective signaling (teleprotection scheme
logic) extends the reach of protection to 100 % by a
logic operation on the signals received from the remote
substation.
Protective signaling can be operated using one of the
standard schemes:
> Direct Transfer Trip (DTT)
> Permissive Underreaching Transfer Trip (PUTT)
> Zone Extension
> Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (POTT)
> Blocking Scheme (incl. DC loop)
> Reverse Interlocking (busbar protection)
PROTECTION INTERFACE
INTERMiCOM
Optional InterMiCOM allows high performance
permissive and blocking type unit protection to be
configured, plus transfer of any digital status information
between line ends. Intertripping is supported too, with
channel health monitoring and cyclic redundancy
checks (CRC) on the received data for maximum
message security.
InterMiCOM provides eight end-end signal bits,
assignable to any function within a MiCOM relay's
programmable logic.
Default failsafe states can be set in case of channel
outage.

With P437 phase-selective signal transmission is

possible.

Where required, the following additional features can

be activated:

> Weak infeed trip logic

> Echo
> Transient blocking
> Deblocking
> Channel Test Send signal.

InterMiCOM
with Compact
Devices

6>7
INFORMATION INTERFACES

Information exchange is done via the local control

panel, the PC interface and two optional
communication interfaces.

One of the communication interfaces conforms to

IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 60870-5-101, DNP 3.0, Modbus
and Courier (IEC 61850 under development) and is
intended for integration with substation control systems.

The 2nd communication interface conforms to

IEC 60870-5-103 and is intended for central settings
or remote access.

Clock synchronization can be achieved using one of

the protocols or using the IRIG-B signal input.

One Record per Fault

(incl. oscillography, SOE, Fault Measurands)

Just one Setting File

Proven protection
with advanced communication
and comfortable data handling.

AREVA T&D Worldwide Contact Centre:
http://www.areva-td.com/contactcentre/
Tel.: +44 (0) 1785 250 070
www.areva-td.com
www.areva-td.com/protectionrelays
DEVICE TRACK RECORD
>> SD36: First digital Distance Protection, launched in 1987.
More than 10.000 devices installed.
>> PD 5x1: First multifunctional, numerical Distance Protection.
More than 17.000 devices installed since 1991.
>> PD 5x2: numerical Distance Protection with extended functionality.
More than 3.000 devices installed since 1998.
>> MiCOM P43x: Transformation of PD5x2 series into MiCOM P43x.
More than 2.000 devices installed since 2000.
>> 2002 First integration of InterMiCOM
>> 2003 UCA2-Protocol implementation in P437
>> 2004 Start of IEC 61850 protocol implementation.
MiCOM is a registered trademark of AREVA. All trade names or trademarks mentioned herein whether registered or not, are the property of their owners. - 389191982 RCS PARIS - Printed in France - SONOVISION-ITEP
AUTOMATION-L3-P43x-BR-05.05-0938-GB - © - AREVA - 2004. AREVA, the AREVA logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of AREVA.
Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the
design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every
effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure
should only be regarded as a guide and is intended for
information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer
for sale or advise on the application of any product referred to in
it. We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any
decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.