BP Statistical Review – 2019

Africa’s energy market in 2018

Primary energy demand continued to increase with strong natural gas and
coal growth. Renewables grew strongly but at a slower pace than in the
previous 10 years

1. Natural gas production increased 4.8% reaching 237 Bcm, the highest on record
and 6% of global total.
2. Electricity demand increased by 2.9% in 2018, slightly below its 10-year average
(+3.1%), and slower than the global electricity growth of 3.7%.
3. Renewables grew by 18.5%, driven by solar (37%) and wind (15%). However,
renewables’ share in the energy mix in 2018 was only 1.6%.

 Energy consumption accelerated  Electricity demand increased at a

+2.9% slightly in 2018, growing by 2.9%,
compared with the 10-year
Growth in African energy average growth (+2.7%).
consumption
 Consumption growth was strong
across all the main fuels in the
+18.5% energy mix, except oil (-0.4%):
natural gas (+6.6%), coal (+3.9%),
Growth in renewables hydro (+6.6%).
used in power generation
 Gas and coal together contributed
91% of incremental energy demand.
+4.8% Oil remained the leading fuel,
accounting for 41% of African energy
Growth in African natural consumption in 2018, down from
gas production 43% in 2008. Natural gas accounted
for 28%, up from 22% in 2008.
+2.4%  Coal demand growth (+3.9%) was
much stronger in 2018 compared
Growth in CO2 emissions with the average growth of the past
10 years (+0.6%). However, coal’s
share in energy dropped from 28%
in 2008 to 22% in 2018.
 Renewables gained market share
over the last 10 years, accounting
for 1.6% of energy consumption
in 2018, up from just 0.3% in
2008.
 Hydro grew strongly in 2018
(+6.6%) and increased its share by
0.2pp, reaching 6.5%.
slightly lower pace in 2018
(+2.9%) compared with the
average of the past 10 years
(+3.1%).
 Gas had the largest share in the
electricity generation mix (40%)
followed by coal (30%) and hydro
(16%).
 Africa remained an important
producer of oil (9% of global
production) and an increasingly
important producer of gas (6% of
global production) in 2018.
 Natural gas production increased
by 4.8%, reaching 237 Bcm in
2018, compared with 1.4%
average growth over the past 10
years. Oil production increased by
0.7% in 2018 to reach 8.2 Mb/d.
 Energy intensity (the amount of
energy required per unit of GDP)
continued to decrease (-0.4%) in
2018, but at a slower pace when
compared with -1.0% average
decline seen over 2007-2017.
 Net CO2 emissions from energy
use rose by 2.4%, higher than
both the 10-year average (2.3%)
and global CO2 emissions growth
in 2018 (+2%).

© BP p.l.c. 2019 | bp.com/statsreview

Units in Mtoe Level Growth rate per annum Share
unless otherwise
(%) (Mtoe) (%)
stated
2008 2017 2018 2007-17 2018 2007-17 2018 2008 2017 2018
Consumption
Primary energy 365 449 462 2.7% 2.9% 11 13 100% 100% 100%
Oil 157 192 191 2.6% -0.4% 4 -1 43% 43% 41%
Natural gas 81 121 129 4.5% 6.6% 4 8 22% 27% 28%
Coal 101 98 101 0.6% 3.9% 1 4 28% 22% 22%
Nuclear 3 4 3 3.4% -30% 0 -1 0.8% 0.8% 0.5%
Hydro 22 28 30 2.7% 6.6% 1 2 6.0% 6.3% 6.5%
Renewables
1 6 7 20% 19% 1 1 0.3% 1.4% 1.6%
(in power)
Wind 0 3 3 29% 15% 0 0 0.1% 0.6% 0.7%
Solar 0 1 2 59% 37% 0 1 0.0% 0.3% 0.4%
Biomass &
1 2 2 9.2% 8.9% 0 0 0.2% 0.4% 0.4%
geothermal
Native units
Oil (Mb/d) 3.2 4.0 4.0 2.7% -0.1% 0.1 0.0
Natural gas (Bcm) 95 141 150 4.5% 6.6% 5.0 9
Electricity generation (Twh)
Total 623 830 854 3.1% 2.9% 22 24 100% 100% 100%
Oil 63 84 78 3.7% -7.4% 3 -6 10% 10% 9.1%
Natural gas 184 325 339 6.4% 4.4% 15 14 30% 39% 40%
Coal 257 249 256 -0.5% 2.9% -1 7 41% 30% 30%
Nuclear 13 16 11 3.4% -30% 0 -5 2% 2% 1%
Hydro 97 125 133 2.7% 6.6% 3 8 16% 15% 16%
Renewables 5 27 32 20% 19% 2 5 0.7% 3.2% 3.7%
Production
Oil (Mb/d) 10.3 8.1 8.2 -2.3% 0.7% -0.2 0.1
Biofuels (Mb/d) 0.9 8.1 8.2 22% 0.6% 0.7 0
Natural gas (Bcm) 204 226 237 1.4% 4.8% 3.0 11
Coal 143 155 156 1.0% 0.4% 1.5 0.6
Carbon
CO2 emissions
1,028 1,206 1,235 2.3% 2.4% 25 29
(million tonnes)
Macro
GDP (USD billion
4,244 5,783 5,975 3.7% 3.3% 178 192
– PPP, 2010)
Population
987 1,243 1,274 2.6% 2.5% 28 31
(millions)

© BP p.l.c. 2019 | bp.com/statsreview