‘Trends in Applied Sciences Research, 2012 ISSN 1819-3579 / DOT: 10.3923/tasr.2012, © 2012 Academic Journals Inc. The Existence of Weak Solution for a Calss of Nonlinear P(x)-boundry Value Problem Involving the Principle Eigenvalue "MB. Ghaemi, 'S. Saiedinezhad and *M. Eshaggi Gordji ‘Department of Mathematics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran “Department of Mathematics, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Corresponding Author: MB. Ghaemi, Department of Mathematics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narma, Tehran, Iran ABSTRACT ‘The sot of eigenvalue for the p (x)-Laplacian Dirichlet problom is a nonempty set. Unfortunately in general case, the principle eigenvalue 4, of this set is equal to zero, whereas for p (x)=constant, the fact 4.>0 is very important in the study of p-laplacian problems, In this study, we suppose some sufficient conditions to use of nonzero principle eigenvalue in variable exponent case to find the solutions for p (x)-boundary value problem: A (8) 4AM UG) =RG OsiN 8 =00n20 on a bounded subset of R”. which ean be regarded as a starting point for investigating of models like those described in p-laplacian in which the principle eigenvalue is invelved. Key words: p()"laplacian, variable exponent sobolew space, eigenvalue, critical point, weak solution INTRODUCTION Many problems in physics and mechanies can be modeled with sufficient accuracy using classical Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces L* (Q) and W"* (Q), where p is fixed constant and Q is a appropriate domain, But for the electrorheological fluids (smart fluids) this is not adequate but rather, the exponent should be able to vary. This leads us to study of variable exponent Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces, L*! (Q) and W'#! (Q), where is real-valued function An interesting mathernatical model for electrorheological fluids is developed by Rajagopal and, Ruzila. The model takes into account the delicate interaction between the electromagnetic field and the moving fluid, Particularly in the contest of continuum mechanies, these fluids are seen as non-Newtonian fluid. This study can be regarded as an investigation of Mihailescu and Radulescu (2008). Variational problems with the nonstandard growth condition has been studied extensively, during the past decades and many interesting results have been obtained; for example see Agarwal et al. (2011), Alves and Souto (2005), Fan (2005), Fan et al, (2005), Ghaemi and Saiedinezhad (2011), Mihailescu and Radulescu (2008) and Samko (2006) In present study, we consider for the problem (P):Trends Applied Sci. Res., 2012 teers na ao, onan which is similar to the constant exponent case. However, the variable exponent cases posses more complicated nonlinearities and this makes the problem difficult in this case. Finally, we derive existence result by applying the mountain pass method to problem (P) PRELIMINARY For basic definitions about variable exponent Lebesgue and Sobolev space we refer to Diening et al, (2004), Hudzik (1977) and Ruzicka (2000). Here, we mention some of main them Let Qbe a bounded domain in KY with smooth boundary 4Q, pe(@) and LRiemesuadls [MOOT dx} which is a Banach space with the norm vin, caton aff acey ‘The variable exponent Sobolev space W"*” (Q) is defined by: WO (2)=(ue LO (OY, Yule ECO), with the norm: Vl pw =bang #17 be Define W,!*" (Q) as the closure of C," in W!*”) (Q) and Diet Pene|N-pog? PO 7 poe Then we have: Proposition 1: (Fan and Zhao, 1998): (4) W'#0 @) and W,'# (Q) are separable, reflexive Banach spaces () If qeC(@) and 10, such that; py, £C1¥ Oe, sue WHE) By (8) of proposition 1 we know that Vth. and lI lhin,,, are equivalent norms on W:"(Q) Wo use | bly:,, to replace Itll=!/t\len,, in the following discussion. Proposition 2: (Zhao and Fan, 1998): If [xR is « Caratheodory function and satisfies: [fos ays eve eneeR Whore, p,, pseC(Q) and p, (%), p, (>I for all xe Moreover, #=1*° (2), a (9)>0 and b20is eonstant, then the Nemytsky operator from 1° @) to ° «ay defined by (N,(u)) (x) =f Gs, u ()) is a continuous and bounded operator. Proposition 3: (Fan and Zhao, 2001): If we define p: L""” (Q)-R by: =f men Pe darn cL (oy Then; sin( uf, ue 225 0(u) smac(lu sl ue Consider the eigenvalue problem: 1)" we: IM ust ona @ [Sent Definition 1: let 2cR and ueW,!", (u, A) is called a pair of solution of problem (P) if pvr vuvis=k fap ava w= WEE) If (u, A) is @ solution of (P.) and u+0, we call 4 and u eigenvalue and eigenfunction corresponding to A of (P,), respectively. Itis easy to soo that, if (u, 2) is a solution of (P,) and u+0, then: Ivar de [orm an fentu)= and henee, 4>0. Define:Trends Applied Sci. Res., 2012 [Livan [forma dene WI" (0) ® Theorem 1: (Fan et al., 200 £ (4) =p (ttl) is monotone for te! monotone. et N>1. If there is a vector leR"\ {0} such that for any xeQ, = {t x#tleQ}, then 1.0. If N= 1 then 4.0 if and only ifp (x) is Definition 2: Let FeC (X, R) where X is Banach space, For cela the functional F satisfies the Palais-Sinale condition on the level e (shortly (PS), if any sequence {x,}",..yX such thats F (,)-c, VE (x,)-0 has convergent subsequenee (in the norm of X). Theorem 2: (Drabek and Milota, 2007) (Mountain Pass Theorem): Let X be Banach space and let FeC (X,R), eeX and 1>0 be such that |el>r and infos i= F OOF O2F ©) If F satisfies the (PS), condition then c is critical value of F EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS Theorem 8: Let p: Q-R be continuous function which satisfy (1) and assumptions of Theorem 1 : QXR is a carathendory function and satisfies le Gs, y) [sdytds Ly 1; xe, yeR @ where, p* p" such that: syle etx os 6 By )2p ay) Ve% Then problem (p) has a weak solution provided that 1>-;, where, A,is introduced in (2), Proof: Lat us define FW)" @) > by: Fea) = fy Dah bee wh” de L,6 (sate ©Trends Applied Sci. Res., 2012 Where; Gens) = fecesnay Hence, FeC(X, R) and its critical points correspond to the weak solutions of (p) (Chang, 1986) Indeed: (ty)= [Var avr +f |Vafm-e(.u))rOnE We Note that: 4.20 (Theorem 1) and so there exist ¢.>0 such that for every ueX we obtain: eqfjlur® aes [pup ax @ for 12-2, the expression’ tye fap axe nf uP ax Satisfies: Lowzepteuy fir ay weX ® where, ¢, = ¢, (A) = 14min {0, 2/4}, is constants independent of u. Hence, by applying proposition 8 we obtain: i. ful 21-1, (@)2¢,JuP- @ ii, luls1=1, (abecglull™ Now from (8) and (4) we have for every e>0: G(x, s)sels|P4C © |5/* Sinoe p*0 be small enough such that: Hence, for |ul<1 we have:Trends Applied Sci. Res., 2012 Fede Fh -sf.lalpdx-cef,|uPa luff? 86" ~C¢6) wl Fellulr* -ceeyilult by ‘Therefore, there exist r>0 (smalll enough) such that b= Now let ueX\ {0} and [ul<1 then for k>1 nf, -+ F (u)>0= F Pea) s 21, (0)= [PoC aadydx By assumption (5) Far some good constants C, M>0 we have: Gens) ['ecey ray =f Gow. parc? ay=clsi; [spa Rocall (7) then we obtain: a [Joo Henee: weeny [12 jruip cof ni Psy it which implies for large x we have F (« u)<0. Set e = ku then we obtain |el>r and F (e)<0. It remains to verify that F satisfies the (ps), condition, Actually we will verify that F satisfies even a stronger version af (ps), condition, Namely we prove that any sequence {u,}," satisfying d: = sup, F (u,)1, ASF) HAH) FGA eT 1H) fH cs 1 cee 1 Jae traoupe( 2 detuy ir (HFG, pUHla, ITrends Applied Sci. Res., 2012 We know p'<# and so ju,| is bounded. Now, passing to a subsequenes if necessary, we can assume that u,+u in W,!*9 (Q), By the compact embedding W,!*° (Q)+L" (Q), we have u,-u in Le @, On the other hand Co,)-F@.u, -W) (0, -w~ fee )o, —wa It is clear that (F’ (u,)-F' (u), u,-u)=0 as n=, The uniform converges of fu,}" and {6 , Oh” implies that, also: LSOm)-20.4,N,-0 a0 mae Therefore: 1, (u,-w)-0 as nes and by use of (9), u,-u in W,!#? Q) It follows from theorem 2 that there exist a critical point u€X of F and hence a weak solution of (p) Corollary 1: Suppose the conditions in theorem 8 are hold, moreover g (x, 8) problem (p) has a non negative weak solution. 0 when s<0, then Proof: It follows from Theorem 3 that there exist weak solution uo W,!"° (Q) and so: iva fea Lu, Fava fats vocepvisdass view) Taking vj~ = max fo, u,}, we get: sf laws’ xe | acta ax=0 Henoe, Ly (vo) 0, ie, vo 20 for alll xeQ. and Ivy" Remark 1: Theorem 3 is valid, if we replace the number « with the « (¢C (Q) where & (3)>p (). Theorem 4: (Drabek and Milota, 2007): Suppose uj’ Q) be local extermum of F, where F (u) =f(x, u @), Yu (9) dx and f=f (, r, 5) is a function defined on QR? with continuous second partial derivatives respect to all its variable and let xjef be such that: lr i it ds Py GO ‘Then there exist 6>0 such that ueC? (x8, x8). 7Trends Applied Sci. Res., 2012 Corollary 2: Suppose the conditions in theorem 3 are hold, moreover wes are continuous functions. If the problem (p) has the non constant weal solution ueW,'*? (Q) then there exists xj¢Q and 6>0 such that uceC? (x8, Xotd). Proof: Apply theorem 4 with: 1 k fe.n)=—L [ep 6A hep coun on ESR eg 6am REFERENCES Agarwal, R.P., MB. Ghaemi and S, Saiedinezhad, 2011. The existence of weak solution for degenerate 3A,,,,.equation. J, Comput, Anal, Appl., 18: 629-641. Alves, C. and M. Souto, 2005, Existence of solutions for a class of problems in IR™ involving the p(x)-Laplacian. Prog. Nonlinear Differ. Equ. Appl, 66: 17-32. 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