Tenses (Thời/ thì)

- Present simple (Hiện tại đơn)

 To be
(+) S+ am/is/are ….
(-) S + am/ is/are not ….
(?) Am/is/ are + S ….?
 All other verbs (các động từ chỉ hoạt động
khác)

(+) S(I/you/ we/they) + V- nguyên thể

He/ she/ it + V-s/es
-es (sau các động từ có tận cùng là –
sh/ch/ss/x/o)
(-) I/you/we/ they + don’t + V-nguyên thể
He/ She/ It + doesn’t + V-nguyên thể
 Cách dung:
- Chỉ hành động lặp đi lặp lại có tính thói
quen ở HT (hay dùng với: always,
usually, often, sometimes, seldom,
never)
- Chỉ thực tế luôn đúng ở HT
I have a son and daughter.
I’m married.
- Chân lý khách quan:
Water boils at 100 degree Celsius.
- 2. Past Simple (Quá khứ đơn)
- * To be:
- (+) I/ He/She/ It + was….
- You/ We/ They + were ….
- (-) I/ He/ She/ It + was not….
- You/ We/ They + weren’t ….
- (?) Was + I/ He/She/ It…?
- Were + You/ We/ They…?
- Yes, S+ was/ were.
- No , S+ wasn’t/ weren’t.
- * All other verbs (những động từ chỉ hoạt động
khác)
- (+) S + V-ed (theo qui tắc)
- S + V- bất qui tắc (cột 2)
- My father worked as a teacher 8 years ago.
- I went to the party last night.
-
- (-) S + did not + V nguyên thể
- did not = didn’t
- (?) Did + S + V nguyên thể….?
Yes, S + did.
No, + S + didn’t.
- What did you do last night?
I went to the party.
- Did he go to class yesterday morning?
Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t.

Dấu hiệu nhận biết: dung với các trạng từ và

cụm trạng từ chỉ thời gian –
Yesterday
Yesterday morning/ afternoon/ evening
Last night
Last week/ month/year.
Khoang thoi gian + ago (2 days ago/ 1week
ago/ 10 minutes ago….)
When I was a child/ young.
In March/ 2017

3. Present continuous (HT tiếp diễn)

I am learning English now.
We are learning English.
He is learning English.
(+) S + am/ is/ are + V-ing….
(-) S + am/ is/ are not + V-ing…
I am not listening to music.
I’m not ……………………
They aren’t watching TV.
(?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + V-ing…?
Are you learning English?
Yes, I am./ we are.
No, I’m not/ we aren’t.
Cách dung và dấu hiệu nhận biết:
Now,
At present
At the moment
Look!
Listen!
4. Present perfect (HTHT)
I have seen that film twice.
She has lived here for 5 years.
(+) S + have/ has + Ved (theo qui tắc)
S + have/ has + V (P2/ cột 3)
P2 (bất qui tắc-cột 3):
Do – done
Go – gone
Be – been
Drink – drunk
Sit – sat
Speak – spoken
Sing – sung
Take – taken
Give – given
Eat- eaten
Drive – driven
Tell – told
Cut –cut
Put - put
(-) S + have/ has + not + V (P2)…
Have not = haven’t
Has not = hasn’t
(?) Have/ Has + S + V(P2)…?
Yes, S + have/ has.
No, S + haven’t/ hasn’t.
Cách dùng:
- Dùng với ever/ never
Have you ever + V(p2)…?
Have you ever been to Paris?
+ I have never seen/ met him.
- Dùng với for/ since
I have lived in Thai Nguyen for 10 years.
= I have lived in Thai Nguyên since 2008.
I have lived in TN since I was a child.
For+ khoảng thời gian
Since + mốc thời gian cụ thể
Since + mệnh đề ở QKĐ (since I was a child

- Dùng với just, already, yet

I have just painted the door.
I have already finished the homework.
Have you painted the door yet?
I haven’t painted the door yet.

5. Cấu trúc: Be going to (kế hoạch/ dự định

tương lai)
(+) S + am/ is/ are going to + V nguyên thể…
(-) S + am/ is/ are not going to + V nguyên
thể…
(?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + going to + V nguyên thể?
Yes, S + am/is/are.
No, S + ‘m not/ isn’t/ aren’t.

Tomorrow
Next week/month/ year.

6. Can (khả năng)

(+) S + can + V nguyên thể…
(-) S + cannot + V nguyên thể…
Cannot = can’t
(?) Can + S + V nguyên thể…?
Yes, S + can.
No, S + can’t.

Quá khứ của can là could.

can’t là couldn’t
 7. So sánh hơn và so sánh hơn nhất của tính từ

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