; CHAPTER | cosieel Io= ca = i 1 1 esol ae ceeed et coe teal a ace m PROBLEM Lt 1.4. Two solid cylindrical rods AB and BC are welded together at B and loaded as shown. Kaowing that d= 30 mm and d; = 50 mm, find the average normal stress in the mid section of (a) rod AB, (6) rod BC (a) vod AB Force! P+ 60x/0" N_ tension SOLUTION Areal A= Zal = EB (30x10) = 706.36 10% mt * 0x10 Bt etcrios 7 8488010 Pa Gig? 84.9 MPa “a Norma? stress? Opa = (bY tod BC Foree! P = Goxlo* -(z)(iasxio") = -190x/07 N Areas As Ed* = B(sonio*)* = 1.9¢a5x107* m* 5 Norma? stress: Oye = - : ee = = 96.77x10% Pa Gee 7 - 96.8 MPa Tee " TUsoxosy = $07 S*lo mM A, = 22.56 */0* m A, = 22.6 mm ~tt = Goxjo® - (2Xias xi) = = doxlo" N Sec= - 150%10" Pa Arent A= Fai* 2. jf A nds ot WY Ce 190 10° a oa Wee 7 TF Giso *1 0%) 16128 %10° om 40.16 x10 om d,? 4O.2mm fy = te 2 4P Lz) _ oat 4, "TG Tasd ~ ee d= 1.059 in = 17.32 */0° N (6) 6 = 9° (0,450 cos 30°\(20%10") ~ (0.300 cus 80°) Fh = 0 Fan = - 30 10° N Areas (1 densi fondling A= (2,080~ 0.010)(0.012) = 240 10° om (b) compression Az (0,090)(0.01a) = 360 x/o"* m Stresses 17.3ax/0% | ‘ a @ Fs * HoWer 72.2%10 72.2 MPa > > =Z0r10° gs.axio’ = 83.8 MPa ace Béo loSE eee eee Ez a 18 Each of the fe PROBLEM 18 four vertical links has an 8 x 36- mum uniform rectangular cross section and each ofthe four pins has a 16- mm diameter. Determine the maximum value ofthe average normal stress inthe Links connecting (a) points B an: ims ea Ng ressin the links connecting (a) points B and D, (6) point SOLUTION Use bar ABC aca Free body, RoW EM, 20 — o,010) Fin — (0.025 +0,010 (20x10) = © Fao = 22.510" N Link BD js in tensvon EM,= 0 - (0.040) Fig = (0,045 (20 K/0) = 0 Fog = TIRE IGN Link CB is in Compression Net avea of one Sink Por tension = (0,008)(0.036 - 0,016) = 1COx10 oP, For tuo parable fines Ane? 320 */0° me Tensile stress in fink BD 3 ie @ 607 Fe 2 ZESHOr = lolserio” 4 10L6HPa et 2 Area fon one Pink in compression = (0,008 )(0.036) = 288% 10% m* For tus para Kel Bake A = S76x15~ m* = 3 i Gye = Re = FRESE = aro id® or ~ 2.7 MPa oefee 1.9 Two horizontal S-kip forces are applied to pin B of the assembly shown, Knowing that a pin of 0.8-in. diameter is used at each connection, determine the ‘maximum valve of the average normal stress (2) in link A, (6) in fink BC PROBLEM 1.9 SOLUTION Use joint B as Tee body 10 Keps Force teiangle Law of Sines Fas Fg lo siniS Sin Sin UH? Fig = 7.3205 ips Fac = 8.9658 kips Link AB is a tension member Minimum seetion at pia Ane = C8 - 0.80.5) = OSin* Gin = (@) Stress in AB Rt ESfO = 4. GH ksi « Link BC is a ‘tompression member cross Sectimal area is Ax (1.8)(0-5) = 0.9 in® (b) Stress in BC Gee = fe 2 B68 2-996 ksi(eel eee a esate femal m a am c PROBLEM 1.10 1.10 The frame shown consists of four wooden members, ABC, DEF, BE. and CF. Knowing that each member has a2> 4-in rectangular cross section and that each pin has a in, diameter, determine the maxiquim value ofthe average normal sress (a) in member BE, (6) in member CF. SOLUTION Add support reactions te figure wh a8 shown. Ty entive Frame as Free body =M = 4O Dy ~ 5+ 30480) = o x Dy= 900 Ab Perea Use member DEF as Free body IF =0 Yr BRy- FDO >) Fes «2 Dy 2 EDs = 120 Jb. Dp D = BM. =o EUS Fee) ~ Goth) D, 20 Fee = - 2250 46. LMeso0 (B04 Fee) - (IS) Dy =O Fut 790 4250 4 Mf A minimue section Stress in compression member BE ies Nai ee Bint @) Gog * Rts -2882 = —28ip, Stress in tension member CF Minimum section area occurs at pin, Ania = (2V40-0.5) = 7.0 in*® Fee om = Se = RE = BS = 1071 psr cutting members BD, BE, and CE Fee DEMg ze 2 Rip - (QMaey= OO Few = 70 Kips . Fa Gig * Wo Hips 80 Kips = A,= te 2 22: 4aqint = See0 aca eee (cede ome c [eed eee: eal (ee 1.13 A couple M of magnitude 1500 N: mis applied o the crank of an engine For the positon shown, determine (a) the force P required to hold the engine system in equilibrium. (6) the average normal stress inthe connecting rod BC. which has a 450- sm uniform cross section, SOLUTION P Use piston, red, and crank together as free vaciy, heb! H wall reaction H and beaving reactions Ay and Ay. DZM=0 (0.280m)H - 1S00 Nem = © M He 5.3571 x10 N Ay 7 Use piston alone as free ad bodys Note that red is lifts arcetimat bert Kavcell tel die ectiea N of Foret Fac is known. Draw the force triangle ane sodve Pr P eine Fae by Fe/ IP proportions. Fe Gee QD [07+ 60” = 208.81 mn £ = see P= 17 86x10 N 4 @) = 17.38 kN = is = REE Fy = 18.043 now Rod BC is & compression member, THs area is YSOmmé* 450 4/0" me 18.693 x/0% 450 XIO-F os) See = - 414 MPa mt eye = = 41.4 x10% PaPROBLEM 1.14 1.14 Two hydraulic eylinders are used to contral the postion ofthe robotic arm ABC. Knowing that the control rods attached at 4 and 1) each have a 20-mm diameter and ‘happen to be parallel in the position shown, determine the average normal stress in (a) member AE, (b) member DG. wn SOLUTION Use member ABC _ as Pree body. foo D IMg=0 (0.150) 4 Fhe - (0. 6001800) =O rez xi N nea. oP rod in member AE ig A= Fd*= Flions*) = 31.16 110° mt 7 - Fre. _4xs08 = Shreve in vod AE? Gyg? GEE = sites = 2-73 210° fe foo @ Sag = 12.73 Po = Use con bined members ABC and BED as free body, DIMp= 0 (0. 10X Far) — (0.200)( # Fee) & ~ (1eogo - 0,350)(82) = 9 Fee =~ 1500 N Avex vod DS ce Az Fdt= Flaono*)’ = giqe x10 wm" Stress in rod DG? Gog * fe 2 = 1820. BMG Oe () Gog = - 4.77 MPa = -4.77x10° PaPROBLEM 1.15 LIS The wooden members 4 and B are tobe joined by plywood spice plates which willbe fully glued on the suriaces in contact. As par ofthe design ofthe joint and knowing thatthe clearance between the ends ofthe members isto be 8 mm, determine the smallest allowable length Lite average shearing stress in the glue isnot to exceed 800 kPa, SOLUTION There are Four separate areas ob glue. Each area must transmit half of the 2¢0N foud. Therefor F= 12 AN = 12% 10°N Shearing stress in que -t ¥ B00 v/0* Pa 3 Let = feng oF qe oven and wx width = lO me = Ol m “3 Ape dwt eae 4 = ie = 180 110%m © 1SOmm Le Be gap = (AXISOV+ B = ZOB mm — 1.16 Determine the diameter ofthe largest circular hole which ean be punched into a sheet of polystyrene 6-mm thick, knowing that the force exerted by the punch is 45, kN and that a 5S-MPa average shearing stress is required to cause the material to fil PROBLEM 1.16 SOLUTION A= dt for cybindeieat Padre gurhacs cheng shes #2 Boe ASE Equsking As adt 2 String Por ded = abe = (Se? 43.4 xj0°'m d= 43.4 mm omc ma feet Do! a PROBLEM 1.17 1.17 Two wooden planks, each "in. thick and 6 in wide, are joined by the glued mortise joint shown. Knowing thatthe joint will fail when the average shearing stcess in the glue ceaches 120 psi, determine the smallest allowable length d ofthe cuts ifthe jin isto withstand an axial load of magnitude P = 1200 Ib. re SOLUTION Seven surfaces cayty the tha? r Joust P= i200 fe. Area A= (YG) d= Bd peso eee te creel fea mm mo 4) 1200 ai 347-6 d= 1.633 in ~ PROBLEM 1.18 1.18. oad Pis applied ta sea rod supported as shown by an ahiminum pate ino ie teen + basa con | fl a For stee? A, = Trdt = To.) oan For afuminum A, = wet = w(1.6)(0.25) = 1.2566 int 42k Lineting valve of P is the smadlervalye + P= i257 Kips GY rises Suletaee tin: do = 1197 in = 1.22 Link AB, of wadth 8 =2 in, and thickness = “4 in is used to suppor the end ofahorizontal beam, Knowing thatthe average normal stress the ink is ~ 20 ksi and thatthe average shearing stess in each of the two pins is 12 ksi, decermine (2) the diameter dof the pins, (6) the average beating stress in the link SOLUTION Rod AB is in compression. A= bt where bz Rin and b= hin P= -GA =-C20X2M#)= 10 kips Pint T= fond Ap= Fo% Af A ER = oe 10 fe . w es He egtieay = 39.8 es =<1 18 Each ofthe four vertical links has an 8 36+ en uniform rectangular cross PROBLEM 1.25 ‘section and each of the four pins has a 16- mm diameter. 1123 Forth assenbly and loading of Prob 18, ermine) the average shearing ae sata inte pn at () the average tring ses at 8 in ink BD, (c) the average ost beaingstteshat Bin member ABC, krowng that ths member bas a 10 x $0-mm fe fo rectangular eroe ection SOLUTION Use bar ABC as a tree body EM, =O (0.040) Fy, (9. 025+ 0.040)(20 x10) = 0 Feo = 32.5% 10° N | | (@) Shear pin at B t= Fe for double shear Io where Az Bdt= E(ovoieyt = 201.06 «/0"% mt ie t = gis = 80.8 «108 g0.8MPa, = IC (1 Bearing Dink BD A= dt = (0.016)(0.008)= 128 «10% m* nl 6: fe : Losi 32.5410) = 126.9S*10% 127.0 MPa n Kc) Bearing in ABC ot B A= dt = (0.016)(0,010) = 160 */0™° m* | 6, fe : Scale: = 203 «108 203 MPa =e co oacnet eames tenon ie Ci 4 See i SOLUTION Use bar ABC as a Free body EMgeo -(0.040)Fg - (0,025) 20x/0") = © Fee? - 12.510" (a) Shear in pin at C A=¥d*= F(0.016)"= 201.06 210% wm Double shear Te PEs 125x108 = ahixjo™ RA * TE)(a01.0¢ 10") * 3h1 MPa = (b) Bearing in dink CE at C As dt = (0,016 )(0.008) = 128 10°* m™ > th (0.512. See AR = Os xi0 48.2%)0° 48aMPa — ©) Beawing in ABC at C A= dt = (0,016o.010) = 1é0x10"* mt _ Fe _ gm _ “ = S= 7 = aA = 78 110 78.1 MPa.= c fread ete) za (tees ee PROBLEM 1.28 1.9 Twohhorizotal Skip Forces are applied to pin B ofthe assembly shown. Knowing that pin of 0 8.in, diameters used at each connection, determine the maximum value ‘of the average normal scess (a) i link 4, (8) in lnk BC. 1.25 For the assembly and loading of Prob. | 9, determine (a) the average shearing stress inthe pin at 4, (6) the average bearing stress at 4 in member AB. sowvrion Use joint B as Free bealy. 10 hips 5, iy Fac YO Kips Law of Sines Force triangle a - Fe Faq ® 7.8208 kvps (a) Shearing stress in pin ot A ce oa wheve Ags Edt = F (0.8) = 0.5026 in* _ 78205 C= wees) = 7 7.28 ksi (bo) Bearing stress at A in member AB Ay: tds (0.5¥0.8) = 0.4 int 6, = Se. 28S = 18.30 18.30 ksi = Ay 0.4f u a ci esol eeleeeed Soe coeiee) PROBLEM 1.26 1.9 Two horizontal S-kip forces ae applied to pin B ofthe assembly shown Knowing. that a pin of0.8-n, diameter i used at each connection, determine the maximums value ‘of the average normal stress (a in fink AB, (6) in link BC 1.26 For the assembly and loading of Prob. | 9, determine (a) the average shearing ess inthe pin at C, (6) the average bearing stress at Cin member BC, (c) the average bearing stress at B in member BC. SOLUTION Use joint B as Free body 10 ki . 7 Bee 60" 4g 10 Kips oece triangle haw of Sines ee 5, aa Eee es aie = spo 7 eae Fen = 8.9658 kips (2) Shearing stress in pin at C ut: Fe Ap = Bd* = B(o.8)' = 0.5026 in® Ve 8258 9.92 8.92 ksi « Te. S026) (e) Bearing stress ot Cin member BC o> Ee A= td = (0590.8) = 0.4 in® O= AS688 = 22.4 aR4 ksi we © Bearing stress at B in member BC Se ca Az2td =2(0.5)(0.8) = 0.8 in® 6 = S368 = ita Walks <@pe Geer Cele Goer ee Co faa ese: 0 (] c 1.27, Knowing that = 40° and P = 9 KN, determine (a) the smallest allowable diameter of the pin at 8 if the average shearing sres inthe pin is not 10 exceed 120 MPa, (b) the corresponding average bearing stress in member AB at B, (c) the PROBLEM 1.27 , corresponding average bearg sires in each of he suppot brackets a SOLUTION Geomehyy: “Triangle ABC is A on isosedes triangle with angles shown here. Law of Sines applied P eo to Force triangle wife Po. Fae Fk ¢ a sin2o° Sin|10°” SinSO® i Force Fi, = PSin tor triangle a@ © sin 20° = Sin WO. 24.73 KN sin 20° (2) Alfowable pin dian eter - Fao , Fa. 2 Fie Seeneanas gece esi Ap aaeh ae eae where Fig = 24.73 2/08 ats BFae - QMAL73xIO8) 2 gig x107% om? Te TT (20 x10* d= 14S x10 8m Wed mn a te) Bearing stress in AB ot A. x Ag tole (0.016 )UL4S to) = 198,26 ¥/0"* mm 2 Fie, 2078 xp0% ‘ - = oy: es RUE IGe > 184-9010 134.9 MPa, (©) Bearing stress in suppoct brackets at B A= td = (0.012 CYS 10%) = 197.4 «10 n™ oe tFis _ (0.5)(24.738 x10") 99,0 xt0% 90.0 MPa, <# A 137.41s — = esa eer enol eed: eal oa PROBLEM 128 1.28 Daterine the lngest ond Pich nay be api aA when 9-60 cht thar her ess in te loser pn a Bus oc nce 120 i MPsand that verge bargin member 48 ant rk a B ms cscs 0 MPa SOLUTION Geometry? Triangle ABC is an isosetes triangde with angles shown heve c Use joint A as free 2 . haw of sines applied to Forte twangde ane = Fie - Fac | Fhe Bee aaa = “Sin 120° ~ Sin Bo® a tan in 30° S triangle FD pe Easind. 4 cr73¢ Fi ‘si9 120° Fa smite og TP shearing stress in pin at B is crvticed Ee Ae = Fat = Flooiolt = 7854 «10% m* Fag? 2AT = (aY(78.S4xI0 V(1ZOmJO%) = 18,850 ~ 10" N | TF bearing stress in member AG at bracket at A is ev trend Ag tel = (0,016 (0,010) = 160 *10°% m* Fra = AGG, = (icox10" X40 x108) = 14.40 x1" N IF bearing stress in the bracket af B is criticas Avs 2t4 = ()(0.0.(0.010) = 240%10% m™ Fae = A, 6, = (240¥/0%)(40 «10% = 216xlo* N Mow hte Fig is the smadlest, 2. M4oxK* N Then, trom Statics Pats? (0.57785 104. 40x 10°) = 8.3) 0/0" N 3.3)4N =eMm. tc ( ao (eee: (ez (ese i eee: (rod a PROBLEM 1.29 1.29 The & KN load P is supported by two wooden members of 75 « 125- mm uniform rectangular cross section which are joined by the simple glued scarf splice shown, Determine the normal and shearing siresses in the glued splice SOLUTION Pr 6x? N © = 90° 70° = 20° Ay = (0.075 )€0.128) = 9.375 7/07 m* & = Feeste = GMs Ae = ses x0! Gs S6S kPa =< Pe e ([6x103) sin 40% 3 te Xe sin 80 © “GO erigsy = 206KI0' = ROGKPA PROBLEM 1,30 1.30 Two wooden members of 75 * 125- mm uniform rectangular cross section are joined by the simple glued scarf spice shown, Knowing thatthe maximum allowable tensile stress i the glued splice is 500 kPa, determine (a) the largest load P which can be safely supported, (5) the corresponding shearing stress in the spice. SOLUTION Ag = (0.075 Colas) = 4.375 x10” we @ = qo®-7o" = 20° © = S0ox10* Pa 6 =fes*e = AS, = (4.375 xJ0"$ S00 IF) _ pe AS. = = 6.3085% 1 ces* 20° od P= 5.31 KN = = Pisin2@ _ (5.3085ut0*) sin HO" 2 ts GR 7 ayaazrerosy > BRAT HO (e) C= 182.0 kPa meco oa feeee ee eacey PROBLEM 1.31 1.31 Two wooden members of3 «6 in. uniform rectangular cross section ae joined bythe simple lued scarf splice shown. Knowing tha the miaxmur allowable shearing, stress inthe glued splices 90 ps, determine (a) the largest load P which can be safely applied, () the corresponding tes stress inte splice SOLUTION @ ~ Fo - 40° = 50° A= G6) = 18 int = @B sg, T= WR sino = ZAZ. - (Cig) (90) _ Pe sa ze = sin ioe * 3270 P= 3290 fb = tee $240 ees" 8° _ 5.5 C2 7S.Sp =t PROBLEM 1,32 BER = sco « PROBLEM 138 1.38 Link ise th ands ade of asl ith 80- Mata sna in tension. What should be its width w ifthe structure shown is being designed 10 ‘support &20-KN Toad P with a factor ofsafery of 3? SOLUTION Use bar ACD os a free body and note that member BC is a two-Foree member. EM so 480 Fac - COOP =O e Foe? $0,P = (20) (20.1109) asmio” N For afactor of salety FS. = 3, the ustimate toad of member BC Fo =(FS.)(Fa) = (3)(a5%10°) = 75x 109 N Bt f= GA Az & 7 ee = 166.67 10S m* 0 6 Foro rectanguine section Aswt or wiQz 1hgpxlo” 0.006 Fee e o Wz 27-BKIO mo 278mm(atten mi oa 1.39 Member 4C, whichis supported by a pin and bracket at Cand a cable BD. was PROBLEM 1.39 designed to support the 4-bip load P as shown Knowing thatthe ultimate load for ‘cable BD is 25 kips, determine the factor of safety with respect 10 cable failure SOLUTION Use member ABC as a 4 Free body and note that member BD is a 4wo- force member md =M_.= 0 P eas 40°) (ZOin) ¥ (P sino? (15 in) = [Fen cos 20" )(IS in) ~(Fep sin BOIUIRIM) = 0 = 32.623 32.6234) _ “ Fan = 22828 p = GLO . 6.8715 hips Rector of safety fr cable 80 FS = fit sons ace 1.40 Knowing thatthe ultimate load for eable BD is 25 kips and that factor of safety (f3.2 with respect to cable failure is required, determine the magnitude ofthe largest force P which can be safely applied as shown to member ABC. PROBLEM 1.40 SOLUTION P Dse member ABC asa Free body ane note that member BD is a two-Foree member. Bo wie] EM.= 0 A CP cos 40")(30 in) +P sin YO" VIS in) - (Fan cos 30°IS in) = (Fay sin 30°)012 in) = 0 pe ES Fen = OnSB2IG Fao APlowable Poad For member BD is Fan = i 7. 7.8125 kips Aowable toad P= (0.582ic (78125) = 45S kips «mo 7 EEEEEEpr ecco Pree reer fires ee oe) eee ed (ezai: PROBLEM Lat LAI Members AB and AC ofthe truss shown consist of bars of square cross section made of the same alloy. Icis known that a 20- min square bar ofthe same alloy was tested to failure and that an ultimate load of 120 kN was recorded. Iftar AB has &(5- osm mmm square eros section, detemine (a) the fActor of say for bat AB, () the Ie dimensions ofthe cross section ofbar AC itis to have the same ator of ay as bar PR 4 odm soLurios Length of member AB na = {0.75% O4* = 0.85 m Use enbire truss as a free body As f Ay DEM.=O LH A, = r2s2ed= 0 A= IS KN SZR=0 Ay-28=0 Ay= 28 KN a Use joist A os Free body Zekw a, [hy *2 Fre SE Re-Ayso ee Fre Fig = GARGS) «7 AW Fre HZFy=0 Ay ~ Fre - 2 Fig = © 7 417) Fez 23-2 = Z0 bn For the test bar A= (0,020)" = Yoox/o™ m* 9, = 120 x10" N For He meteriol Gys Be = Wow? 300x108 Pa Hoo xio* For bar ss.z fe 2 GA. (Beon0t Y(o.01g)° (a) Fov AB Es. Fe co a = 3.97 = = . GA * Fe = = QA. Ga (e) For bar AC ORS = pt = Be ua at = ES) Eu 2 (8.97Gorle") 2 264.7 x10" Ss 300 K/0* Q= 16.27 x/07 om 16.2) mm aeq r eee es a es coed rood (ae i=l oa co (Gee 1.42 Members 4B and AC of the truss shown consist of bars of square cross section made ofthe same alloy. Icis known that a 20-mm-square bar of the same alloy was tested 10 fuilure and that an ultimate load of 120 kN was recorded. Ifa actor of safety ‘of 3.2 isto be achieve for both bars, determine the required dimensions of the cross section of (a) bar AB, (b) bar AC. PROBLEM 1.42 075m bas a SOLUTION ® Length oF member AB ashy Dog 2 POISON? = 085m Y Use entive truss as a Free body " DEM. =O LBA ~(0.95N(28)=0 Aye ISKN +fZFy = 0 Ay ~ 2820 Ay 228 kN : Use joint A as free body mew A, day SER =O BB Fm - Ay =o om Fie Fyn = CAQUD = IT uN Fre HERO Ay Fe-Sitaeo Fre = 28 - LQ4XI2). = 20 kN For the test bar A= (0.020)"= Yoox/o® m* PR, = 20x10" N For the material Gy = & = fens = 300x10% Pa (a) Foc member ABs = GA oy ate Ger fe = ZMU2 418) = 181.83 10% wot @ = 13.47 «10% m 13,47 mn = (i) For menber AC FS, = fe + GA. sb pr = SMe. Gavaord) - 243.43 210° mt ‘> = 14 6lxIo Ss m 4.61 mm etmi 1 om ma eee 1.43 The two wooden members shown, which support a 20-KN load, ae joined by plywood splices filly glued on the surfaces in contact. The ultimate shearing stress in the give is 2 8 MPa and the clearance between the members is 8 mmm. Determine the WN 190mm factor of safety, knowing that the length of each splice is Z = 200 mm. PROBLEM 1.43 SOLUTION There ave 4 separate aveas of ghoe. Each give area must tramsmit 10 KN of shear Doak. a P= loxiotN Length of spfice L= 22+ where P= fength ghee and c= Searance. 2 = 40L-c) = $£(0.200-0.008) = 0.096 m. Aven of glue Az Pw = (0.096)0./20) = 1.52 x10* m* Ustimte oad Py = WA's (2.3108 M152 410" )e 32.256 ¥/0°N Factor safely FS.= Be = 32,886 71 = 3.23 = 1.43 The two wooden members shown, which support a 20-KN load, are joined by plywood splices fully glued on the surfaces in contact. The ultimate shearing stress in the glue is 2.8 MPa and the clearance between the members is § mm. pcan 1.44 For the joint snd loading of Prob. 1.43, determine the required length J ofeach splice if factor of safety of 35 isto be achieved PROBLEM 1.44 SOLUTION Theve ore 4 separate areas of glue. Fach glee area must transmit 10 kN oP shear Doad. P= loxlo® N Required ultimate fod Py ® (FS.)(P) = (a. SMloxlo") = as mio" M Required dength 2 oF each gle area : ee Run Sas sto ee xo Pe tA aw ae = @anotVoue) * 104,17 x10) Length of splice L= 20+e = (2 Mio4.I7x/0")+ 0,008 = Z16.3x1o* m 216 mm1 Calc 2 esos) ee eed eee seal se cereed eee: eal PROBLEM 1.45 1.48 Three + in.-diameter steel bolts are to be used to attach the steel plate shown, to wooden beam, Knowing that the plate will support a 24-kip load and that the tltimate shearing stress forthe ste! used is 52 ks, determine the factor of safety for this design. SOLUTION For each bolt AsHdt= E(2) = o.s4is in* Pu = At = (0.4418)(S2) = 22.97 Wes Per bo/t P= B = 8 kips 28g rs. = Bes 292 2 287 =< PROBLEM Ls As Tee els ete ache ts pat shots ode ‘Knowing tha the plate wil support a 24-kp load, thatthe ullimate shearing sress for the steel used is $2 ksi, and that a factor of safety of 3.37 is desired, determine the equited diameter of the bolts soLuTION Fer each boft P= 4t = 8 kips Require P, =(RS.)P = (3.87M8)> 26.96 Kips Y= & a Ae Be AE FE = 0.518% im® A= Hats d=f4k + [Megaw = 0.8125 in, =1 c ca seal ee eeeee) 7 1LA7 A load P is supported as show bya steel pin which has been inserted ina short wooden member hanging from the ceiling The ultimate strength ofthe wood used is {60 MP in tension and 7'§ MPa in shear, while the ulimate stvength of the ste! is 150, MPa in shear. Knowing that the diameter of the pin is d = 16 mm and that the magnitude oftheloadis P= —20KN, determine (a) the factor of safety for the pin, (6) the required values of b and ifthe factor of safety forthe wooden member isto be the same as that found in part a for the pin PROBLEM 1.47 SOLUTION P= 20kKN = Zo¥l0>N | “ed @) Pt Azdt= F (0.016) = 201.06 10m Double shear %2 ee Py = RAT = QV RONbxIs* MISO xI08) = 60.319*10° N = Po. 60.819xlo* _ FS. B= [oyi08 = 3.02 = (e) Tension in wood = Py = 60.319 W/O" N for same FS. ig e eaee Oo = KR = Wlbrd) : Py 0.319mJO* sy 2 be d + bes 0.016 + 5 Oy 411 Jo m be Wb mm =< where We 4Omm = 0.040m Shear in wood Py = 60,319 #105 N for same FS. Double shear; each area is A= we Py be = OR awe 3 Pe - 60.ano* ___ C* Tw * @Xoovey2s%0%) ~ C= 100.5 mm = 100.5 x10° mao ooo, ey 1.47 Aout Ps sported shown by ste pin hich hasbeen seed ina sbor PROBLEM Las wooden menor argng fom the cl The ute engl he mood ed Ovi nsensonsne 3 Masher wile heute seh ofa see Se Means 148 Fore sippon of Prob 17, knowing hat b= 40 me= 5 me and d= 12 rm deters taba nd Pitan volar of ay of) Pde SOLUTION Based on clouble sheav in pin Py = 2AM = 2¥d*z, = F@)(o.01}(isox10*) = 33.93 «108 N Based on tension in wood Pz AS = wlb-d)e, = (0,040)(0, 040 - 0.012)(60x Io*) = 67.2 xlo°N Based on double shear in the wood Pur 2AM, = Awe, = (2 0.040)(0.058)(7.5x108) = 33.0 «10° N Use smallest Py = 33.0x107 N Abowahte Pe a = Shen! F 10.3)d0" N 10.3) kN «mo eset ree Cored a bro feseee te recede ood eee eee a: n LU ea eee) fee eee] eae) PROBLEM 1.49 1.49 In the structure shown, an 8- mm- diameter pin is used at 4, and 12- mm- diameter pn are ved at Band. Keowig ta he ate shearing tes 10 ‘mal conerdonssod ta he tint nctmal sess 30 MPuinatch ofthe tac jing tnd D, determine te alow load if novel flr of eyo ae is dened jpn mm 0 SOLUTION L ay sence 7 a Statics : Use ABC os Free body. 7 ¢ e omm de ZMe=0 0.20 Fy- 0.18 P=0 per ae A ‘sew ZMag= 0 0.20 Fp ~0.38P = O I Based on double shear in pin A Pe ig Feo Az Fa? = F(0.008)* = 50.266 «10% m* F, = SBA, Wl 90 «108 80.266 1108") = 3.851 410% N Ps BR = 3.72 «108 N Based on double shean in pins af B and D oot A= Hd* = F(o.oay = 118.10 x0" Feo = aA = Algo x1 )(NZ.10x10") = a 54 yigt N 3-0 P= fF = 3.97 x09 N Based on compression in Jinks BD For one Rink A= (0.020 (0,008) = 160 /07* m* Fap = SA - (aNlaso xiot icons) © 26.7 mj0* w FS. 3.0 P= Rep = 1.04108 N ADowable value of Pis smadlest + Pr 3.72x10°N 3.72 KN =a (ee aaa PROBLEM 1.50 1.49 In the structure shown, an 8+ mm- diameter pin is used at 4, and 12- mm- diameter pins are used at B and D. Knowing that the ultimate shearing stress is 100 ‘MPa tall connections and that theultimate normal tress is 250 MPa in each ofthe two links joining B and D, determine the allowable load P if an overall factor of safety of 3.0 desired 1.80 In an altemative design forthe structure of Prob 1.49, apin of 10-mm-diameter istobeused at A. Assuming that all other specifications remain uncharged, determine Tepvow the allowable load Pian overall foro safety of 0s dss ie ecient SOLUTION oS 7 aa Statics? Use ABC as Free body A & A 2 c £ Pilecsesteqeenarcap 2 18 ono —E-oi6 = tron te eer Feo pie} : ZMe=O 0.20 Fy - 0.18 P= 0 { le Sent seem E Pah ZMaz 0 0.20 Fep-0.88P ZO nels Based on double shear in pin A Pe ig Feo A=¥d* = F(o.010)* = Ws4 210 mm = EBA, (L100 w1o°\ 18654 IO) 2 5,236 xJ02 N P= BAR = 5.82 x10" N Based on double shear in pins ad B and D A= Edt = Foo} = 113.10 so" * m* Feo = AGA = (RYO X108 3.10910") = a ca wig? i 3.90 P= dF = 3.97 x09 N Based on compression in tinks BD For one Pink A= (0.020 (0,008) = 160x/0™ m* Fay = 282A _ (2(aso not Kigonis’) - 26.7 x08 W Fs. 3.0 Pe Fe = M.o4 loo N MPowable value of P is smaflest Pr 3.97xi0°N 3.97 KN =PROBLEM 151 1.51 Each ofthe ste inks AB and CDs connected toa support and to member BCE by $n diameter tapas cing ising shear. Knowing tha theultimate beating stress is24 kl othe steal used the pis end ths the line normal Suess 6 si forthe steel used inthe links, detersine the allowable load P ian oveal factor of safe of32in dated. (Note tha the ink re not renorced aroun tepals) SOLUTION Use BCE as Fwe body a eo IMg=0 GR,-2P 20 zt ps SF a ZMe=O BF ag - RP ZO P= SFe Both Pinks have the same area and same pin diameter 5 hence, being A the same material, they wit have the same ultimate load. Based on pin in single shear Az Fats Ed) = 0.19635 in® Fo = ToA = (24)(0.19635) = 47124 kips Based on tension in Fink A= (b-d)t = (1-8) 4H) = 0.125 int Fo = SA = (60)(0.125) = 7.50 Kips UPtimate foad for Sink is smabfest: = ALTIRY ips. Alowhle toad far Dink Fs Bt x BIR 2 1u726 hips Alouette Load for structwe P= .@F = 0.587 Kips F = 527 dh -_PROBLEM 1.82 1.51 Bach of the ste! links AB and CD is connected toa support and to member BCE co by J =n ameter sel pins acting single ser Knowing that he utimateserng i tn sexs is 24s forth stetused inthe insand thatthe linate noma stress 0k cl fp fori tel used inthe inks, dnterive the lovable ood Pifan overall for of safety of 32s desired. (Note hat he inks ae not reinforced around the pin hoes 1.52 Analtematve desig being considered to suppor member BCE of Prob, 1 inch ik CD willbe eplaced by two links, each of $i, cross section, causing gi F) the pins at Cand D to beindouble shear. Assuming that al other specifications remain unchanged, determine the allowable load if an overall factor of safety of 3.2 is desired 8a. 1240, SOLUTION A \ py] Use member BCE as free body fe + 3 ZM,20 Bhy-20P 20 Ps SFie Fa ZMe=O BF 1QP=0 Ps GF {] Based on pin A in single shear A = Ed* © Fk 0.19685 in® Fo = WA © (24)(0.19635) = 4.7124 Kips Based on tension in Sink AB A= (b-d)t = G8) = 0.188 in® Fo= GA = Govo.ias) = 7.S50kips {] Ultimete Road For Pink, AB iis, smallest, ie, I =47124 kips | Corvesponcting uPtimate toad for stroche: Be FA = 3.1416 Kips [] | Based on pins at Cand D in double shear A= Fd™ = Elk) = 0.19635 in* Foz 20A = (@Xa¥\(0.19685) = 7.4248 Kips Based on tension in Jinks BC A= (b-a)E = U-E)4) = 0.0625 n* Cone fink) Fo = 260A = (2X(60) (0.0625) = 7.50 kips Cots, both Jinks ) Ultimate Poa for Sinks BC is smablest, ie. Fy = 7.50 Kips Corresponding vitimate toad Br structure Pye #R= 3,00 Kips, Actuad odimete Hoar is smatfest, ue. P, = 3.00 kips Allowable toad for strocture P»&t = B22. o.nge rip P= 938 Db. ~PROBLEM 153 1.53_Eachofthe wo veri inks CF comsecig the two hoiontal menbers AD and EC has 10> 40. m unormrectanglar eos section and ismade oa ste vith Ss tn late engi in esion of 400 MPs while each of te pins at Cand Fas 2 20- oe mm diameter and is made of a steel with an ultimate strength in shear of 150 MPa. pou Determine te over for of ane fo telinks CF and is conecting temo the honzontl meres. SOLUTION Use member EFG as free body, Fee LK 0.40 —e—0.25- DIM, 20 0.40 Fip ~(0.65)(a4v10*) = © Fy = 39x10" N 24k Based on tension in Pinks CF A= (b-d)t = (0,040 - 0.02)(0.010) = 200 10° m* (one fink) Fy =26, A= (2(H00x10°)(200 x10") = 160.0 xJo8 N Based on dovleJe shear in pins A = Fd* = 2,020) = 314.16 «10S m* Fo = 27 A = QV 150 x/0*\(314.16 10) = 74.248 %)0° N Acton) Fy is smabler value, ie Fy = 94.248 Kio" N . Factor oP sadely ES, = gE = Tead sso" = 2.42 as cr™ oo fe a) speed eee eC) fe Meee) (ee) eevee fee fe) eee ome 19a of te wove tts comeing 0 tose arr AD Sieoe teen toc con emecancn enact aoe set edwin inne meegh's tear of 0 ve No Be i ty a CF ud ps oeting on bes, ‘the horizontal members. 184 Solve Prob. 1.53, assuming that the pins at C and F have been replaced by pins “00 am, with a 30- mm diameter SOLUTION Use member EFG as free body. For Fee ka. 0 —L-o.25- DIM, =0 24 kW O40 Fer ~ (0.6524 xIG ) = 6 Fep = 3710" N sak Based on tension in Jinks CF A= b-d)t = (0,040 0,080)(0,010) = 100 #1 m" (one Link) Fut 26,A = (2)(doowlo®)(100 *10"*) = 80,0%10° N Based on dovbfe shear in pins Az Eat = E(o,080)* = 706.86 x10° m* F = 2A = @isomiot (706.86 ¥lo) = 212.06« 10" N Actual Fy is smaller vadve, ic. Fy = 80.0107 N Fastor of safety FS.2 EL = £20410 - 205 = aoo) faa (ere eee gee ree ge Gore eee eae PROBLEM 1.55 185 A.’ lee {in thick is embedded in horizontal enerete sab and is ued toanchorahigh-sttenat vertical cable as shown The diameter ofthe hole inthe pate e is} in, the ukimate strength of the ste sed i 36 ks, and the ultimate bonding suessberween plat and concrete is 300 psi. Knowing that a factor of safety of 3.60 is desied when P= 25 kip, detemine (a) the required witha ofthe plate, (8) the ricimum depth bto wich a plate of that width should be embedded inthe concrete Sib. (Neglet the normal sieses between the concrete and the lower end ofthe pit) SOLUTION 2.5 Kips Based on tension in plate A =(a-d)t Po = GA rs.7 Be. Gade Solving for b _ (Bs) P_ 3, Geodl2-5) an ds eet F* Gerd) a= 1.550 in -_ Basedon shear between plate and concrete sfah A= penmeteny depth = 2(a+t)b oases R= TA = 2% lart)b rs.s & in =4RS)P_ _ _G.6)(2.5) ei ? 2lattV% ~ (2K 1.550+E)O. 300) b= 8.05 in —<(Bee esa ceo eon eed ee 1.85 sol plate 2 in. thick is embedded ina horizontal conrete slab and is sed to anchor high-strength vercal abla shown. The diameter of the bole the plate in} in, the ultimate strength ofthe sel used is 36 Ks andthe ultimate bonding stress between late and conerete is 300 pi 1.36, Detrmane the fcr of salty forthe cable anchor of Pro, 1.55 when P=3 kip, knowing that a= in and B= 7.5, PROBLEM 1.56 SOLUTION 3 kips Bosed on tension in plate A=la-d)t = (2-4)(E) = 0.8906 in’ PGA = (36 (0.3906) = \4.06 ips RSs Bes lies = neg Based on shear between plate and concrete slab A= perimeter » depth = 2(aré)b = 2(a+)(75) A= 34.69 in® TW = 0.300 ksi Poe TA = (0,800)(34.67) = 10.41 kips rs. 7 Bee tls 3.47 Actual Pactor of satety is the smaller value RS.= 3.47 =PROBLEM 1.57 "1.57 A.40-kg platform is attached to the end B of a $0-kg wooden beam AB, which is supported as shown by apinat A and by a slender ste! rod BC witha 12-KN ultimate load, (a) Using the Load and Resistance Factor Design method witha resistance factor c ‘0,90 and load factors yp" 1.25 and 7; 1.6, determine the largest load which ean be safely placed on the platform. (8) What isthe corresponding conventional factor of | safety for rod BC? SOLUTION : 4 & Dm DEM, = 0 (24)8P — 24 WwW -12W, = Pr EW + EU, For dead Joading W,= (HO)(9.81) = 392.4 N Wr: ON98I) = 490.5 N Pe = (EX 392.4) +E )490.5) © 1.0628 * los N For Pive Joading Woemg Wet 0 Pos Smg From which om -28 Design eritenion YR + hh = OP p= 2 -%R . (0.90)(iawiot) = (1.25°)(/, 0628 x10) YL 1G = 5.720«10* N Allowable Joud = me $ Stu = B62 ky «< Conventionad factor satety Pe Ra Ps 1.0628 "0° + 5.920x10° = 6.483 x/0* N 2 BH , _aviot oe oe Zaagnos = 8 a eee fees ese cme Jag es Yaz aeCc (ese eee eel oO 41,58 The Load and Resistance Factor Design method isto be used to select the two cables whieh will reise and lower a platform supporting 1wo window washers. The platform weighs 160 1b and each ofthe window washers is assumed to weigh 195 ‘ith his equipment, Since these workers ae fee to move onthe platform, 75% of heir total weight and ofthe weight oftheir equipment willbe used as the design live load of tach eable.. (@) Assuming a resistance factor = 0.85 and load factors Yo ~ 1.2 and 7.715, determine the required minimum ultimste load of one cable. (8) What isthe conventional factor of safety for the selected cables? PROBLEM 1.58 SOLUTION P+ UR = PP p = eh+Kh ? 0.85 629 fb. - 4 Conventional facto of safety P= Re P= dx80+ OW xAxtas = 372.5 th > Be. Ge RS. > 2 = SH = 689 =189 For the truss and loading PROBLEM 1.99 mere DF knowing that theca sean were ta ee ose Z J SOLUTION: ion BT" Using method f joints 4o find member forces > 1S0kN s Joint Bt AB and BD ave zero force members, Joint A+ My = {B2IS® = 3.15 m | le 180 [ese eee aaapan 130 kn By similar triangles 7 Fo Fae Joint D foe = 135 BN (comp) ae Fe By similar triangdes << Rg Fog 28° Ee 228 ~ 3,75 For = 135*10° N Areat Ay = 2500 mm™ = 2500%105 m* : 135 <1" 2 eeeecee Stress? Opp = “Zs0owroe 7 7 S#¥IOW Pa = S40 MPa meti ome Se nc Ee gto) Per ca ore te (cee Co O (cana) 4 te 1,60 Link AC has a uniform rectangular cross section in. thick and 1 in, wide, PROBLEM 1.60 ‘ i Determine the normal stress inthe central portion ofthat ink. SOLUTION ey Use the plate together B, ce with two pulleys as a *20Me cL Free body. Note thet ah the cable tension 120.0 t coerce at 1300 hin chock wise coupde to act on the body. : ae DIMg= 0 i = U2 +4 Fae cos 30”) + (10) Fre sin 80") = 1260 = O eo geen Fre ® ~ieegterstosnge® 7 ~135.50 fb. Avea of Pink AC? Az linvdine 00125 tn® in De : i L i ce . Stress in fink AC? Gi? Ge = - HBSS = 1084 psi = LOST Ks! =e Prone a 1L61 When the force P reached 8 kN, the wooden specimen shown filed in shear along the surface indicted by the dashed line. Determine the average shearing stress along that surface atthe tne of failure Area being sheared - Az GO wni x 15mm = 1350 mm = 1350 *107% m* Fore Pr 8~10> N Shearing stress = £ +3210, = S.9axio* ax S.ta Me 1.62 Two wooden planks, each 12 mm thick and 225 mm wide are joined by the dry PROBLEM 1.62 mortise joint shown. Knowing that the wood used shears off along its grain when the Trerage Seering ness ences 8 MPs, determine the magnitude P ofthe net oad SOLUTION ‘hic leas the jt of 16a Six areas, cach [Gmm*I2mm are de ed being shearest. Avea: A = (6\(16 Cia) = EQ mm = S2*1O% m* eee Pe YAxe (8xlo*\iisaxiot) = 9.22%l0"N = 722 KN ~ucHiEMiG 1.63 The hydraulic oylnder CF, which partially contos the positon of rod DE, has been locktin the poston shown. Mere Dx in thik ands ome othe verical rod by a }-in- diameter bot. Determine a) the average shearing sean the bolt, (5) the bearing stress at C in member BD. ace SOLUTION Use member BCD as a free bo. and wh note thet AB is a +wo force member yg of BH B™ = 82; YOO cos 75° Ll = B.2in. ion 400 sin 6° aah DIM=0 (Hees 20° XS Fe) - (sin 20° EE fie) B2 = (7 cas20")(400 sia 25°) ~ (7 sin 20° (400 cas 75°) =O 3.36678 Fag - 2787.35 -=0 © Fag = 828.49 fb AZF,=0 ~E Re + Cy + 400 cs 75° so Ce Assasin ~ Foo cas 75" = 78.34 Ph. SZReo ~& Fe + C, - 400 ain 75° =O Cyt S2C82249) . Yoo sin 75° = 1194 65 Db. CrIGRE Ge = 197.24 Shearing stress in the bobt P= 197.2 $6 At Hd* = E(B) = o.tlo4s int A 2 Wane, . : : Te £ : oe > 10.8410 psi 10.84 ksi = fb) Beanrng Stress at C in member BCD: P= 192.2 Dh A= = (4) 0.234875 i > PB . jena. Sper = SL Mkss ~ St Ay azaware 7 SM epee = SM ke i l1.64 A £--in. diameter stel rod AB is fitted to a round hole near end C of the bieptreraicteets ‘wooden member CD. For the loading shown, determine (a) the maximum average ‘normal sires in the wood, (8) the distance 6 for which the average shearing stress is {90 psi on te surfaces indicated bythe dashed lines, () the average bearing sress on the wood, SOLUTION (2) Mazimum noemad stress in the wood Ant © (3-4) = 1.875 int oe B+ 1802 = sas pai = Pic een ea abt) sa tee ate] ODE: b> pet * Gayo) = 74 I - Sige coteeaeeety maseagonad --V Bates 7 © GA" IE Ea) = 267 psi =a 1.68 Two plates, each 3-mm thick, are used to splice a plastic strip as shown. Knowing thatthe ultimate shearing stress ofthe bonding between the surfaces is 900 kPa, determine the factor of safety with respect to shear when P = 1500 N. PROBLEM 1.65 15 50 mm SOLUTION Be4 Bond areas (See figure) = i w sam Az 7Geoleyisi(eed ig = 800mm" = 1506 rtm FE | Py = ZAT, + (a)lSoox1k (400 x10*) = 2700 millimeters ¥ Joo Fs.= Bs 2222 - 1,300 = 1.66 Two wooden members of 3.5 5S, uniform rectangular cross section ae PROBLEM 1.66 joined bythe snple glued sear splice shown, Knowing tat the maximum allowsble Shearing stress inthe hit spices 75 pe dtrne the largest al load P which can Besafelyappied SOLUTION Ag= (3.5 5.5) = 19.28 in” @= ~20" = 70" p=-h snore = Hi si 20 pe ZA . @rinasWIs) = yy92 gp = ug Kips «< Sino Sin Ho"1.67 A stee! loop ABCD of length 1.2 m and of 10-mm diameter is placed as shown PROBLEM 1.67 stomnd tne nett smi sod AC. Cale BE ad Die ea ok diameter, ae used 16 apply the load Q_ Knowing thatthe ultimate strength of the aluminum used for the rod is 260 MPa and that the ultimate strength of the steel used forthe loop and the cables is 480 MPa, determine the largest load Q which ean be applied if an overall factor of safety of 3 is desired sourtion a a Usin. int B asafree bod. andedneidering syemebg™ oo 23h - Qz0 re Fas Q* fn esa deh ds ses be oa 7 2-$Fa- Fe = 0 Fon BEQ-Fe-O0 - Q2 2h Based on strength of cable BE Qu= GAs GEd* = (Heoxiot) F(0.012)* = 54.2410" N Based on strength of shee! Loop Qs* Shag = SOA= Fa = £C40n10¢) F(0.010)* = 45.24 «{o* N Based on strength oP rod AC Ov Fee = FGA = FTI = $ (acomo*) F (0.024)* = 88,22 x/0* Actush ultimate Arad Quy is the smadfest © Qy= 45.24x10" N Movahle Dod = & - Hdl. ig og nic w = 15,08 kN = it J 2 Ga oa st1.68 Link AC has a uniform 2 in. uniform rectangular eos secton and is rrade of ste! with a 60-Ksi ultimate normal sess. It isconnested 10 a suppor at A nd to member BCD at Cby $-in-diametr pins, while member BCD sconneted to support at By a ¢-in-diameter pin. Allof the pins arein single shear and are made ofa steel ith a 25s ulimate shearing sess. Knowing that an overall actor of Safety of 325 le desied, determine the lrgst load P which can be safely applied et D ‘Note that ink AC is ot teinforeed around the pin Hales SOLUTION DIM,g+0 XER.)-10 P+ o Fre = 2.0833 -P P= 0.480 Fe 4+ZRzO By-2F 0 Be = SF. = ($¥20883P) = 1.25 P WIR o | 6B ERL-P eo B+ P- $208asP) = - 0.66667 P BeBe = 1.4/667P, Pro.7seeB Bosed on strength of Jink AC! Gur GO Msi Avot = (EY E-#) > 0.08125 ins Fagy = GAut =(60X0.08/25)= 89S kip, Pu = (0.480 (1-895) = 0.900 kip. Based on strength of pin at Cs Ayn = Fd* = F(Z) = 0. NOR in® Ter 28 ksi Fray = ToApin = (25\(0. 1104S) > 2.76) kip Po = -uR90 (2.761) = 1.82 Kip, Based on strength pin at Bi Apins Fd? > EGE)" = 0.07670 in By = Apia = (25)(0,07670) = 1.9175 kip. Pe = (o.70588\1.9175) = 1.3585 kip Actucd Py is the smallest? Put 0.900 kip Abowoble volve for P: P= & = $92 = 0.277 kip + 277 APROBLEM 1.69 ige 1.69. The two portions of member 4B are glued together along a plane forming an angie O with the horizontal. Knowing that theultimate stress forthe glued joint is 17 ‘MPa in tension and 9 MPa in shear, determine the range of values of Ofor which the factor of safety ofthe member is atleast 30, SOLUTION : A, = (0.0301(0,080) = |,Sox1o* P = loxio*N PR =(RS)P = 30x10 N SS Based on tentide stress alan, 20mm cos*O 29 = GAL. (17x10°)Ci.sox10*) ee eee we Oe cos @ = 0.92195 = 22.79" OF 22.79" Based on shearing stress 2, = Be cine = 2 sin zo sw go> 2AcT - = BXise nto? Kant) 0.900 BP 30 x10= a 29 = 6416" O = 32.08" O ¥ 32,03" Henco 22.77" € @ € 32.08" = ae 1.70 The wo ponions of member AB are glued together along a plane Forming an Shearing stress? t= Beinbaso + Rie = i cng: Soho Equcting Pees * *e * Ber Penbaree Soing: S28 = tO == Host, Ayr ane =e R, +S U7 x10°)C.S0x1I0") ~ = 3.65410; Thea angie 6 withthe horizontal. Knowing that theultimate stress fr the glued joint is 7 MPa in tension and 9 MPa in shear, determine (a) the value of @'for which the factor ‘of safety of the member is maximum, (b) the corresponding value of the factor of safety. (Hint: Equate the expressions obtained for the factors of safety with respect 10 normal stress and shea.) SOLUTION MM the optivium angle (FS)e *(FS)e Normal shes? G2 Poss’ + Pig: ahs ia ns cos* OB we. Sy (F Sd, > Br > Ag, tbe. mmoers > Fae . As Preheat Pero ace TyAe cas? 27.9" ere oe ks = fs Bape = 3260 = Ay = ©.030)(0.080) = |.S0x10* m*PROBLEM 1.C1 1.01 A solid steel rod consisting of n cylindrical elements welded to- gether is subjected to the loading shown. The diameter of element iis denoted by and the load applied to its lower end by P,, with the magnitude P, of this Toad being assumed positive if P, is directed downward as shown and negative ‘otherwise. (a) Write « computer program which can be used with either ST or ee U.S. customary units to determine the average stress in each element of the rod. (b) Use this program to solve Probs. 1.1 and 1.3. souuTioN FORCE IN ELEMENT L: to [t (5 the sum of The forces applied to that. element and all fower ones: Area = A; = F Te PROGRAM QUTPUTS Problem 1. Problem 1.3 Element Stress iwra) Blement Stress (ksi) 1 84.883 1 22.635 2 -96.766 2 17.927PROBLEM 1.C2 1.€2 A 20-KN force is applied as shown to the horizontal member ABC. fa Member ABC has a 10 $0-mmuniform rectangular cross section and is sup- ported by four vertical links, each of 8 X 36-mm uniform rectangular cross section, Each of the four pins at A, B, C, and D has the same diameter d and is in double sheat. (a) Write « computer program to calculate for values of d from 10 to 30 mm, using l-mm increments, (1) the maximum value of the av erage normal stress inthe links connecting pins B and D, (2) the average nor- 1mal stress in the links connecting pins C and E, (3) the average shearing stress in pin, (4) the average shearing stress in pin C, (S) the average bearing stress at B in member ABC, (6) the average beating stress at C in member ABC. (6) Check your program by comparing the values obtained for d= 16 mm with the answers given for Probs. 1.8, 1.23, and 1.24. (c) Use this program to find the permissible values of the diameter d of the pins, knowing that the allow- able values of the normal, shearing, and bearing stresses forthe steel used are, respectively, 150 MPa, 90 MPa, and 230 MPa. (d) Solve part c, assuming thet the thickness of member ABC has been reduced from 10 to 8 mum. SOLUTION FORCES IN LINKS Dia 2M OF C: = 20 KN FB, Diecea™ OF ABC: 2h BEM, =O: 2 Fan(BO-P(AC)=0 ed) Paps P(AG/2(BC) (TENSION) t + EMy= 0: 2, (BC) P(AR)=0 2 Fan Fop= PIABY/Z(BC) (comP.) () Link Bp (2) Link CE Fay Thickness t, ee : - Fre Thickness = £ App = t, (Wi-d) | ao ¢ A Geoe 2) Ace = bya, boa BD=+ Fap/Azo “ae Se=~ Fee /Mee (3) Pur B : (4) PIN . > Fen / (Pa) = Fee /(474) (5) BEARING STRESS AT B HEARING STRESS IN “Thickness of ember AC =Tac Sig Bear BE Fan /(a Lac) G) BEARING STRESS ATC “33 Boar C= Foe/(d lic) INDER PIN B Bao] @Ta= Sac tre (Mae /e) ‘Ac SS (CONTINUED)Cc a, oo (ese) PROBLEM 1.C2 CONTINUED PROGRAM OUTPUTS INPUT DATA FOR PARTS (2), (b), (¢): P= 20 KN, AB = 0.25 m, BC= 0.40 m, AC= 0.65 m, TL=8 mm, WL = 36 mm, TAC = 10 mm, WAC = 50 mm d Sigma BD Sigma CB Tau 8 ‘Tau C SigBear B SigBear C 30.00 78.13 -22.70 79.58 125.00 11,00 81.25 -21:70 65.77 113.64 12/00 84.64 -21.70 55.26 10417 13100 88.32 -21.70 47.09 96.15 14.00 40.60 99.29 15.00 35.37 16.00 SeT 83.33 31:08 2031278113 e~ (b) ise fee ange iedse esa 15.08 Sr3i floc Tnilos 63.19 20.00 fing plea igaso 2.90 2y!00 aig2lelogTsalve Sols 22:00 oe ae 7a Seen 23/90 Sin igies datiga Sela 2.00 iia lalea Yislaa alae 23.00 Blo 12073 10.08 S00 26.00 dole lil? Yasloo deo 27:00 belse lola 1g0.37 te'30 25.00 begs luis) lier Aten 23:00 filco “gla. liglor 43:30 33.00 fics lee loess Alle (ANSWER: 16mm sds 22mm ~<& (C) CHECK: For d= 22 mm, Tau AC= 65 MPa<90MPa O.K. INPUT DATA FOR PART (4): P= 20 KN, AB =0.25 m, BC AC 40m, 0.65 m, TL = 8 mm, WL = 36 mm, TAC = 8 mm, WAC = 50 mm 4 Sigma BD Sigma CE Tau B Tau C Sigkear B SigBear ¢ 10.00 78.13 -21.70 J06HG) 79.58 156.25 i100 gngs “atv 3.07 | iaaios 1200 Galea “ati7o [Aga%eg| Se 30 olan 13.00 88.32 -21.70 47.09 A 120.19 laos $2.33. “ahve foie e| tinier 1300 56.13 “aalro Poraél 38°59 30437 36.00 101186 “ail7o “Boaz 3h\o8 37.66 1700 ioesn “anlt0 19183984 Silat 18:00 itaies “atl7o ease dase Geer hi3 19:00 19/49 “ail7o $7.31 3a¢aaiaven Sead 20.00 126195 1T0m,G,=HOMPa, TFOMPa, FS-= 3.2 Fau=5.79kN, Stress in links is critical ~@ater- eign neeeeet (B) Forage angles oP Arist eee tae + ‘ = fate: fet rr ~ PROBLEM 3.64 13464 A tongue T is applied as shown to a solid tapered shaft AB. Show by integration that the angle of twist at is o- SOLUTION 122Ge* Introduce coordinate y as shown. n= ot Twist in et + = 4. 2TI A dee at * GE * Get a = (PATE oy 2 ate (™ g> ace # = te SH 20 ae 20 Brey Searles oa 2m §-3 By, = eet d was * ae S os ant = TL ta Weet weet3.65. An anaulr plate of thickness ¢ and modulus of rigidity G is used to connect PROBLEM 3.65 shaft AB of radius r, o tube CD of inner radius r,.. Knowing that a torque T is applied toend 4 of shaft 4B and that end D of tube CD is fixed, (a) determine the magnitude and location of the maximum shearing stress inthe annular pate, (6) show thatthe SOLUTION {ng trough whch ead Bot he sh routes wih epee ondC of he ibe Use free beady consistin toc q{+-4] of shaPt AB add an inner! nail ay ortion of the plate BC, te Cohen radios of Fh i ‘3 tion being ‘p SP a at The force per unt 7 \ < Peagth. of ekrcvmberence 4 @ : : = is “et. 4 Pout ¥ =M~0 ee a ctlanpye -T=0 oe © = Feepe (2) Monin shearing stress ccewrs at p20, Tae* FEN " Sheaning strain Y= = ete The relive circumferential displacement T' in radia fength op is aS: dp = p dg ag= re ty =D, 4 ._ Tie ae amet “20GE pt ‘2 4 7 2S (ee Deeeeewoteee de aeeeaTe _ rea Putz 276 TiGe f & ICEL FF CI, ee Ce aie Tofi i * 9nGE {aia “ROELN . fea (ceo Feo oes]3.66 An annular aluninum plate (G = 27 GPs), of thickness (= 6 mm, is used to PROBLEM 3.66 ‘connect the aluminum shaft 4B, of length L, = 90 mm and radius r, = 30 mm, to the ‘aluminum tube CD, of length Z; = 150 mim, inner radius r, = 75 ram and 4 mm thickness. Knowing that a 2500-N-m torque'T is applied to end A of shaft AB and that end D of tube CD is fixed determine (a) the maximum shearing stress in the shat- plate-tube system, (b) the angle through which end 4 rotates. (Pint; Use the formula SOLUTION Aerived in Prob. 3.65 to solve part 5.) Shatt AB a a a eee. 2: i ie ‘ = -Qilases, = 58.4 x10 Pa x 58.4 MPa “ Plate BC (See PROBLEM 3.65 for denvation) = 2 ——_4500___. = c ain * Filoooaoeseye = 77H R 73.7 MPe S ShPt CD 6, = N= 0.07 Mm, C,= +b = 0,015+0,004 = 0.07%] m T= Blot. ot) « £(0.0799- 0.075") = 482 x10°S in? rs Tee (asoe oI) = 7, 20010" Po. + 1220 MPa (a) Largest stress = 73.7 MPa = = Tile 2 ZT | 2(asee) (0,090) ada Ga" Gy = Teer? atari" ees = G.S50K107* rad Plate BC (See PROBLEM 3.65 Far denvation ) s—LJi-1}- 2500 tec Gee * TEE fa wy © aa YaGORT [Bea aos} = WLHE X10" nod = The ~__ S00) (0-150). -3 ShaF+ CD Peo Ee * CapstoTV, 4aIO*) = 1.210 £10 ° vat Tob rotation angle P= Pan + Pac + Pen = 8:91 x10" vad = 0.S10° =<3.67 Using an allowable stress of 55 MPa, design a solid stel shaft to transmit 10 peewee AW at a frequency of 15 Hz, SOLUTION Catt = SS 1" Fo, P= lono'w, F=1S He oP, = _loxiot s T =x ps 106.10 N-m a ents. * He =a - Seem. 1.228) 10S m> C= 10.71 x10 m= 10.71 mm A= 2c = 2.4 mm ~ PROBLEM 3.68 3.68 Using an allowable stress of ksi, design a solid steel shat to transit! hp at speed of 1725 mpm. SOLUTION Tat? 5 ksi = 5000 poi P=khp = $(6600) = 3300 Ab. in /s $= 4S = gas Me T= BGe = 12.268 Losin ~ Te. 2h s sal. au : t qe: Wes * - Te oT ra = 2.3260 wo in Cz 0.13825 In A= Re = 0.265 in - 5.69. Design a slid scl shat 1 transmit 100 bp a sped af 1200 rp ifthe Eee ‘maximum shearing stress is not 1o exceed 7500 psi. SOLUTION Tan = 1500 poi P= 100 hp = GEO Mein/s = oe, 60x10 i £ eee Tse - Gree = S. 2821 x10" Mein +k. L 2 BL ~ @M 5.2821 10?) ar t= qe. 28 ¢ BE = Oigasalee)~ owas i C= 0.7634 in d= Re = S28 in me 2.70 Design a solid tea shaft transmit 0.375 KW at 129 Ha ithe PROBLEM 3.70 shearing stress inthe shaft isnot to exceed 35 MPa oe SOLUTION Tay = BS ¥10 Pe P= 0.37SHI W f= 29H2 Te ger = 2332 = 2.0880 Nem 2)( 2.0580) 7 cole - BR. Oe Tee QB OB _ 37,48%10" m CF B.B4S5"IS im = 3.345 mm a= 2c = 6.69 mm =ch (Ga PROBLEM 3.71 3.71 A hollow shaft isto transmit 250 kW at a frequency of 30 Hz. Knowing that the shearing tress rust not exceed 50 MPa, design a shaft for which the ratio ofthe inner diameter to the outer diameter i 0.75 SOLUTION Tate = SO x10" Po P = 250¥ lo W Fe Bone Ts i = pene 1326.3 Nem ae “oot)= EQ -@))el = 1.0738 c," fot ogitipa oa 7 sie Tac corme es acnice 24.70 x10 m® oss Ee” Cy = RIAL m = 2912 mm d= 2c, = 58.2 mm = ) a) 3.72 Oneoftwo hollow driveshafts ofan ocean liner i 125 ft long, and is outer and Eee inner diameters are 16 in. and 8 in. respectively. The shaft is made of steel for which ‘y= 8500 psi and G = 11.2» 10% psi, Knowing thatthe maximum speed of rotation SOLUTION ‘ofthe shaft is 165 rpm, determine (a) the maximum power that ean be transmitted by the one shaft to its propeller, (8) the corresponding angle of twist ofthe shaft. Cattd,2 Bin Gets tin Se Eleai- a") Flat-4*)= costa int wees te Soa (6081-8¥ 8500) ~ 6.408810" thein Pa IE = RIS He Pz QwET = 20(2.78)(6.4o8axiot) = 10.74K10" fh-in/s 1O74« bS Ie-in/s C606 Phin Shp Le 2 = 1s00m p: Te = GHeBB 110° W150) _ 9 1422 ad CL2 #105 (603.38) = 16.78 xi" hp. ~ = BIS? =3.73 While a steel sha of the cross section shown rotates at 120 rpm, a peop ae: stroboscopic measurement indicates thet the angle of twist is2” ina 4-m length, Using G=71 GPa, éetermine the power being transmitted. SOLUTION aohmpe Twist angle P= 2° = 34.907 10% rad G tt = 0.01Sm, Cpetd, = 0.0875 m TRG) = £( 0.0875 *- 0.015") T= 3.0268 «10% m*, Letm . Tb : 77 103.0268 ¥107£ (34.907 ¥1s*) > FE r= GES. (rniorNs.czegsio™ Nantes? 120 = 2.0339xI0 Nem — Fe 120 0pm > G2He > ZHe 4 4 P=l@vhyT = 27QX%20339 KI) = 25.6 ¥lOS Ws ASE KW we PROBLEM 3.74 4.74 Determine the required thickness ofthe S0-nun tubular shaft of Example 3.07, ifs o tans the same power while rotating at # Requeney of 40 Hz SOLUTION From Example 3.07 P= loo kW = looxlW Tn = GOMPa = 60x/0% Pa p= ed = 0.015 m Given f= 4d He = _ lt. : of 2 of - Ue tas) + = Se” are QNB97.890(0-025) _ T (Coxlo8D s ECG = Ra xIO Mm + LR mm me 285.031 x15" m" a2.75 The design ofa machine cement eal fora 15-in-oute-dameter sha PROBLEM 3.78 serait ip. (a) aped of rotation is 720 rm determine the maxima shearing stress in shaft a (6) the speed of rotation canbe increased 50% to 1080 ‘pm, determine the ages inner diameter of shaft for which the maximam shearing Stress wl eth same in each shal. a de (a) ae &) en P= Co hp = (6oM6600) = 376 « Jo" be in/s f= Bl = He Crtkd = 0.75 in 3 fi T= co > Bex = S.2821¥10" 2b. in = Te, 2T , QUS.2sWo) 2 7 agsexio® Ones rai res carcosyt acai 7.98 ksi ~ Gy f= Be iene Cat $a, = 0.75 in I = oP. . 3% x0* _ x10" Db-is In T "anF *ana8d 3.5014 *10° 2b in iL } v cage ! Tee") ae acer aaa 4 2M3.5014 10° (0.75) _ Tin’ ci: G'- She ors ST 9.10547 in Ay= 26,7 LO in = 76 Aste! pipe of 60-m outer diameters to be used to trait a torque of 350 PROBLEM 3.76 ‘N-m without exceeding an allowable shearing stress of 12 MPa. A series of 60-mm- outer diameter pipes is evailble for use, Knowing thatthe wall thickness of the | oe available pipes varies from 4 mm to 10 mm in 2-mm increments, choose the lightest | ie that can be sed 7 le SOLUTION te Tt = 60x10 Pa C= dd, = 0,086 m in ex ie: fey 4.2 ¢t- 3Te - a 7 2197 pat | c= Ca! = Spe O.08e'- STS eroe) = 252.16 +197 m [= C, = 22.43 vio b= O,-6 = Zomm- 2243 mm = 2ST mm TO) | Retired Hredeness £>7.59m—. Avaidalle site 25 Emm ae 03.77 A steel drive shafts 6 ft long and its outer and inner diameters are respectively Fant aT ‘equal to 225 in. and 1.75 in. (a) Knowing that the shat transmits 240 hp while rotating at 1800 rpm, determine the maximum shearing stress. (6) Using G = 11.2 10° psi, determine the corresponding angle of twist ofthe shaft SOLUTION oe ee Ct kde 0.8m, CyagathlAsin, — L= GH = 72 in P= 2Ho he = (24ol(6600) = 1.584108 Mein/s Fe J Bo? = 30He LSM wOe 3 Me in T+ - Grtasy = Sitost x10} T= Fas 1) = BQ.ias'- 0.899") = 1559580 int @) ee Tee, Gate sang ps: Ss 1. $4539 = TL _ (8.403408 X72) or . one = 33.86"/0 red = [. = fe) 9 BF Ciaxtot\1.s7 eae) 7 39-8610 wn Lato 2.78 Koowing thatthe allowable shearing ses ofthe scl to be used 7500p, Pees determine (a) the smallest permissible diameter of a shaft which mast transmit 15 hp. ‘wile rotating af 2000 rp (the coresponding angle of twist na ength othe SOLUTION shaft (G = 11.2 « 10 psi). T= 1500 ps, f= 2882 = 33.329 Ha Pe Ishp = US)\cco0) * 94x10% Sb-in/s T= = ls = 172.69 Dorin Tr : ar. £2). vic iat @) t= = on Fe TUES = 40.123 «10 C= 0.342 in d= 2e = O.68ST in. ~« () T= Bet = Fests)’ = a.svexto® int Le 4 = 483, = Th 2 67.698) sag gq vi0 rad GT 2 O21. S16 A = 5.38" -_PROBLEM 3.79 3.79 Tce shafts and four gears are used to form a gear train which wil transmit 7.5 KW fromthe motor at 4 to a machine tool atF, (Bearing for the shafts are omitted in the sketch.) Knowing tha the frequency ofthe motor is 30 12 and thatthe allowable stress foreach shal is 60 MPa, determine the required diameter of each shat SOLUTION PETSKW = 72SxIoo Ww Tes GOMPa = 6orlot Pa ShaPt AB: Fas 30 He 5 10% Tot BER SEER = 92.789 Nem oem me ax Uo Rs hg Gee Fe 3. (233.789) _ eae Cue Theol) = 422,17 KIO mm Cag = 750x185" eq = 7.50 mom dan = 2lnq = 1S.00mm « ShaFt CD: Foo = Bin = (20) = ane ee 2 2S via® _ |. Too * Anke titay * 99472 Nem Ties ade ces Ta tacas rey ~ uy eB hs SB AGHAD. = Lassa v0 mi Ge 1018 KIO m = 10.18 mm dey * Wey = 20.4 mm <= Shadt EF: Fae = Bt, ea) = aete ~-2 . ESxto* . i Te “Te? Geet nora ‘ Tem . AT, C2 - QUAI 68? _ 2 cege vic yd fie | tee “Fo x0*) oe Cre = 128.8210" = 13.82 mm dee = Cup * 27-6 mm “=3.80 Three shafls and four gears are used to form a gear train which will transmit power from the motor at 4 toa machine tool at F. (Bearing for the shafts are omitted inthe sketch) The diameter of each shafts as follows: dy = 16 mm, dey = 20 mm, dge=28 mmm. Knowing thatthe frequency of the motor is 24 Hz and that the allowable shearing stress for each shaft is 75 MPa, determine the maximum power that can be ‘wansmited. PROBLEM 3.80 SOLUTION Ta = 1S MPa, = 751° Pa Shaft AB! Cy z Kdyy = 0.008m ee Ti CR, Tae? Fed te = E@.008)*(78«I0*) = 60.37 wom Fee 24H2 Ru = ATF Ly = 2m (24)(c0.319) = qloxjoow Shakt CD! Cans Zeky = 0.010 m ee Tee. Bs Tye Early = B(o.010 (75% 108) = 117. 81 wom ames! Feo * PE fre = GEGY) = 26 He Ry = 2nh. Te = 206460781) = 7.1 X1o8 W Shot EF! Cys ader = O.014 m Ten = E Gp Ten = E (0.014) (a5wl0*) = 328.27 Nem vo Fae . Fee fi, = GEC) = 3.84 He Py = 2a fer Te = 20 (384)(323.27) = 7, 80 xloS Ww Maximum olPovahde povew is the smadber Pav = IW = NRW -PROBLEM 3.81 cad Ueetsnalonabe desing ars of9800 po dtemie te oucd ‘peed ofa 4, (8) Soe part assuming that he dancers of sas AB and CD are respectively 0.75 in, and 0.625 in. SOLUTION Y= 9500 psi, P= Bhp = (BXc600)= 19800 Mb-inds . a3 Fe vee = 2 Tice Alowable torques Zin. diameter shaPt eng in, Ta? EGE) (as00) = 455.4 db-in $ in diameter shaFt ct din, Tees F(R) (4500) © 786.9 Abin Statics! gy Tt CR-F | Tee RCR-R) a Te* Ek = 48ST + cast e Ye (2) Abfowahte torques Tue = 455.4 Mein» Tega = 786.9 Mbein Assume Tz = 786.9 fb-in, Ten Ve = (0.25)(786.9) = 196.73 Jb.in . < 455.4 bb in Goksy) ie + ecieecce uate SO0 ts Pe anFT te "aT ” Trlie.73) = 16-02 He i (o) Allowabtbe torques Tayatt ® 786.9 tb in, Tout = 455.4 thei, Assume T, = 455.4 db-in Then Ty = (o.25)(4S8.4) = 113.85 Ab. in < 786-9 Be in : ~-P__ _It800 Pe anFT fe aE = Haasy = 277 He «oe ‘MAD A steel shat must trast 150 KW a a speed of 60 sp. Koowing tht G : =77 Pa, design a sold shaf so thatthe maxima tres wll exceed $0 MPa end the angle of twist in 25-m length wil not exceed 3 SOLUTION 2 P= Soxlo* W tf: Secu 150 xo? = RUST B978¢ lot Nem a for stress Aimit t= SO MPa = Soxlo* Pa 7 ie 2 cbs ST .QG7789 x 108) . -25 2 fs a (sor io} = 50.61 410% C= 37.00 Kl0* m Design for angle of twist fiwt gt 8° = S236*107 vod C= BS.40% 107m Use Daryer value Cz S200x10'm> 32Omm 5 A= 2+ 74.0 mn al PROBLEM 3.83 3.83 A steel shaft of 1.5-m length and 48mm diameter i to be used to transmit 36 KW between a motor and a machine tool, Knowing that G =77 GPa, determine the lowest speed of rotation ofthe shaft at which the maximum stress will not exceed 60 SOLUTION ‘MPa and the angle of twist will not exceed 2.5°, P= 3cr0* w, crdd = O.024m, Le bkSm, G*77«I0P Tongue based on masimum stress T= GOMPA = COxlos Pa eeIs- T= EE. Bete = Floor (comic) = 1.20288 x10" Nem ve based on . te p= 25° = 43.033 x1c'* rad es I: “Ts : Egtee, To. ony po" fos e8tefe) ie MLSs) = 1.16730 x07 Nem, Smaller torque governs T= 1.16730 210" Nom _ “i 36 «10% eee fash Tilileisorjesy 7 BA He on SEES a eee ea Dales ceded Vises (2 )CS. 9984 xi as ee ey P* GF eet ST req * TT moN\Sadeniory S7703.84 A 1.5-in-diametor sel shat of length 4 £ will be used to transmit 60 hp ‘betwen a motor and a pur. Knowing that G= 11.2% 10° psi, determine the lowest speed of rotation at which the shearing stress will not exceed 8500 psi and the angle of twist will not exceed 2°. PROBLEM 3.84 SOLUTION 2d 50.75 in) Le 4Pt = 4B in Torque based on cesta Shearing stress Aimit T= 8500 psi ve +: = = T= Bete = F(0.25)*(9500) = 5.683 #10* Ab-in Torque oe on tuist ee Kast gr 2° = 34.407 «IC? rad : a - me Ge ge ame ee fe aati Ab-in TSAI 2x 108 (34.409 * @)ya) Smaller torque governs T = 4,048 x10" fh. in P= 2nkT — whee Pe 60 hp = (co)G600) = 376» 10" Min /s e 316 x10* shes ere ee sn . 4 npm ~ aT = Tatras Tey = IST He = 184 ow ee “2.85 A 1.6-nvlong tubular haf oF 42-mm outer diameter d having the cross section shownisto be made of astel for which t= 75 MPa and G = 77 GPa. Knowing that the angle of twist of the shaft must not exceed 4° when the shat is subjected to a torque of 900 Nm, determine the largest inner diameter d which can be specified in 7 the design ys Nam dz SOLUTION = ¥d,= 0.0% mm LELem uS Based on stress Jind 2275 MPa s 7IS*/O% Pa Eee eee - Te _ (qoo)lo.o2' ds, 9 ae ereemtaee et ee Based on angle of twist fimit P= He = 64.818 xtS* vad ie oa . = 001.6) . 94 Pe T= FS eer ycergams) 7 26788 010m Langer a for J governs T= 267.85 «107m? TECK o,") ‘ -* af =o" - 2F 2 0.021". Bae7-serio") 2 2 29,998 10 m* Cy = IRMH IS? = IR mn a,= 20, 5 24.4 mm =e3.86 A.1.G-nvlong tubular steel shafl (G= 77 GPa) of 42-mm outer diameter d, and 30-mm inner diameter dis to transmit 120 kW between a turbine and a generator. ‘Knowing thatthe allowable shearing stress is 65 MPa and that the angle of twist must tae ‘not exceed 3°, determine the minimum frequency at which the shaft may rotate. \I SOLUTION a= ta /t Cr = £4, = 0.02im, C, zt, = 0.015 m a T= E(t") = Flo. oat" 0.010") = 225.97 «10° m* Based on stress Pimct Cr 6S MPa = 65x10 Pa = 22S.APMT NES 10%) z (O,Onsrtaeaaiaee Based on angle Pf twist Piwit p= 3° = 52.36 ¥10" md ge Bk 2 p= SIP. (770K m0s.97 410) (52-3620) Bes Te 228.77 410") (S236 10%) PROBLEM 3.86 -Ta . 7. St i to aa Perea G = E99.43 Nem Le = $67.40 Nem Smaller torque governs T = 56%40 Nem Pe RokW= 120x107 W Peak Reger GE t 33.54 He ~ = 2012 rem =nO ca Sele oer tet [ecole (am 3.87 The stepped shaft shown rotates at 450 rpm. Knowing that r = 10 mm, ean determine the maximum power that canbe transmitted without exceeding an allowable coe Fz 100 mm, D=I2O me P= 1mm Be meet, $e eon, From Fig. 3-32 Kr 1.38 For smaller shaPt c= tel = 0,060 m xe Ke - 2K7 3. a Ts % EL Tlo.oso(aswtos) _ 6.643 wo? Nem @C-33y P= 450 rpm = 72.5 Hz Power Ps anfT = 2n(z.sXe.cvsxio*) = gigxjo?W = 23 kW et 3.88. The stepped shaft shown rotates at 450 rpm. Knowing that r = 4mm, P_, Btrio% eae Tonk * ar Cae) |. 8007 10% Ab- in 2KT = KIS - 247 T (0,625 )*(8000) f haaqanl= TOU. 8007 mat) = | 88 setae BAe ez ai From Fig 3.82 He 0.18 (O.080)(1.25in) = 0.225 in. -= 3.90 The stepped shaft shown must transmit 60 hp. Knowing that the allowable shearing strese in the shafts 6000 psi and thatthe radius of the fillet is r= 0. 25 in, TH plastic region with efastic core. The maximum sheaving stress is Tray ® Tr = [45 MPa = THT fe) Rvs Oe 4 - BSH. 6 esto & = 0.8680 pr? 0.9680C = (0, 3620)(0.027) = 0.02344 1m = 23.4 mm J plastic region with ebastic core. The maximum Shearing stress is Tmy= TG = 21 ksi —_ TS i-) fi: 4- = 4-2, 0.11957 Be = 0.49265 7 : Pre 0.492650 = (O4926SM C95) = 0.364 th, —_3.96 A 30-mm-diameter solid rod is made of an elastoplastic material with = 3.5 Sees MPa. Knowing thatthe elastic core of the rod is 25 mm in diameter, determine the ‘magnitude ofthe torque applied to the rod. SOLUTION Ty = 35x10 Pa c=? 0.05 m Pe? BA = 0.0125 m Tre BeS 2 Be'x, = Eloi) (a.snio8) = 12.555 Nem ee 2204S . 9.33833 © redr(i-g&)- $02.sss)] 1 $0 ass) ] > 2n2 em =e PROBLEM 3.97 3.97 Itis observed that a straightened stel paperclip can be twisted through several revolutions bythe application ofa torque of approximately 0.8 Ibvin, Knowing thatthe diameter ofthe wire used to form the paperclip is 0.04 in, determine the approximate be ‘value of the yield stress of the steel, 3.98. The soli cicculer shaft shown is made of a steel which is assumed to be ce OY lastoplastic with F;~21 ksi, Determine the magnitude 7 ofthe appied torque when ‘the plastic zone is (a) 0.6 in, deep (6) 1 in. deep. t ens ‘ SOLUTION )y CzLAS in Te = Al ksi The mes = Ese, + Eiashat) = 64.427 kip-in G+ BE > ose T= ER- FH )> Heaga7i[i-} (o-sz08] = 92.9 kein (a) by O.6in, py = O-by = b2S-0.60 = 0.65 im, Is Tae = 0.R00 Ly, 0.2 f° Le W) tye LOin, pyr erby = haS-hO = O.2Sin 2-4 B) = $ (enna [1-4 (0.200) ] 5 85.7 kip-in = oo1 3.98 The solid circular shaft shown is made of ich is assumed feo he sol is made of a stec! which is % sepa wih 521. Deter pn Toe appediongc ting the plac zona (a) 0. in dcep (6) Vin. deep, ‘or the shaft and loading of Prob. 3.98, determine le of twist ina 4-1 a the angle oft 48 on 1sim 1 SOLUTION C= 125 in, Ue RI ksi = 2IH10' pe, Ge Il. 210% px Le Aft +48 iw ve PP yt Se Gye Le = be OBI) oe owl od C t CG CASK) &- a 2 PE @) br 06m Pye e-tye 128-067 0.65 fs ME. osao Q? a : eel + 138.06 15% red = 7.93% «= (bh) ty= 1-0 in C- bt has - Loe 0.25 o-& = Bggni” 360 riotred = 20.6° = 3.100 A torque'T is applied tothe 20-mm- Ges BRE « 0.64037 THE (1-$$)- deni decers)*] = 223 vem ae W oe & = 0.64737 Pr = 0.69737 ¢ = (0.64737) (0.00) Pr 6.4737 *10?m * 6.4737 mm y= 2Pe= 1295 mm x3.101 A 18-mm-diameter solid circular shat is made of a material which is assumed eed {be elatoplasic with G=77 GPa and #,= 145 MPa. For a 1.2-mlength, determine the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist caused by a 200 N-m torque. SOLUTION Tee WS KIO Pa, Cehl =0.00tm, L= Lem, T+ a00 Nem Te oe = Betz, = B(o. 009 Uisnot) = 166.04 Nem T>Ty plastic region with elastic core Tmo = Ty = IHS MPa, at Gr = RE 2 BEL . CX 1c6.04¢1.29 GT Tee * F(0.007 C7107) T+ $T(1- $Z:) (y= 4- = RENO HI? wd. 2c - Qe). - e801 & = 0.12887 ot ego eas) 0.12837 0.72, = B47 IO peel = 19.75° =< PROSE Sant 5.102 A solid cecal rod is made ofa material whichis assumed tobe elasophsic. ‘Denoting by fyand @ respectively, the torque and angle of twist at the onset of yield, SOLUTION ‘determine the angle of twist if the torque is increased to (a) T = 1.17}, (6) T= 125%, @T=13T,. Ts $R1-4B) ks eral oF wm $= 10 * UGTaR) = 1126 Ge lieedy =e (b) Eeuas 27s = 1587 Pray «a © te10 g-7 : se Pras a [4-00.87moo 2.403 A 0.75 in-dameter slid circular suf is made ofa material whichis assumed ieee to te elastoplaste with G = {1.2 10" pai ands, = 21 ks For a5 length of the sha, determine the maximum shearing stress andthe angle of twist caused by a2- SOLUTION Kipin, torque, Ce gd = 0.39 in, Ge M2 H1Of psi, T= 2) isi = 21000 psi Le SFR = Goin TH2 kip-in = 210% Jb-in Ty Ss Bete ~ F(0.28¥ (alo00) = 1.7245 #10 Alen T > Ty plastic region with efastic core © Tames Tes QI ksi we 2 Oh 2 ge. Lt , GoWrsoooy | 2 Tee Che y= Bes BE = tans) 7 S20 rd TH - 4H = 5, ee qe eee Sam CRO Ve- ad V4 ~ ngexiot Pz 1-220 G = (220 Yeoonlot) = B66x/0" raw = 2/07 ="3.104 A hollow ste! shaf is 0.9 m long and has the cross section shown. The steel eres is acoumed to be elastoplastic with fy ~ 180 MPa and G = 77 GPa, Determine the ‘applied torque and the corresponding angle of twist (a) a the onset of vel, (6) when ‘the plastic 200e is 10 mm deep. 9 Whim SOLUTION ae | tay At the onset of yield, the stress distribction is the 1 y ehastic disheibution with Tne > T oF tad, = 0.085m, c,= 44, = 0.015m J = Be." -0,") = F(.085*- 0.015") = 2.2777 lovt im a oe Les Ge Tyee 2D: Sh. aarraig\i90 We). ivy xo" wm = 17) kN =e ~ (anpxto® (0-9) : “3 2 7 > + Es) 7 Soni ted = 8. =< (b) Gt 0.010 m Pre C,-t = 0.0385 - 0.010 * 0.025 m si A = at) v= 42. ae-%-# Q= Tek _ (180 x10*)(0.9) = gH ISerio%md = 492" =e Gp 77 ¥[0")CO. 025) Torque Ty corned by ebastic portion c

Gt 4d = O.l00 in, C,= 44, = 6.300 in wi ge = 2.200 KI7Y. Soni = 0.00582 Tay 2 82s fo.too Verne. sets) = 0.00194 -x% = sie let are zrErt ' T=20 ¢ pit dp = ane? § Zedz = anest where the integra? I is gives by I= Sh 2*7 dz Evatucte I using a method of numenicad integnction. LP Simpson's Robe is used, the integvation formuda, is Is & Sw2re Where w is a weighting Factor. Vsing Aza we get the valves given in the table” befow. Z| vt | aks] ate dst | we [227 bse “ss 0.00 194 3.0 0.84 Wz | 0.00291 | foo 2s0 2/3 | 0.00383} Ws SM Sé& | 0.00485} 13.0 | 9.03 1 0.00882 | I4.0 Mo [— Lw2"e Is (eu na2) = 3.96 ksi T= ames T= 20(0.800)°(3.96) = 0,671 kip-in = 671 thin 2 5 Yo s0t cL O.7aT bet 2-E eg : i i ee 3 2, a 3 orm omey | T ON ( tde = ane {2° da = are where He integra? T is given by Ie(!2%tde Evaloote I veing a method of numerical integration. IF Simpson's vole is used, Fhe integration fovmufa is r+ 4 Swete where wis a weighting Pactun. Using Az = 0.25, we get the valves 5, ‘1 Seed: given in the tabde boPow. z|7r %, MPa zz, MPa. | w w2't, 4Pa| o}|o ° } 0.45 |0.0001S| 30 1.875 as jo, | ss 13.75 0.75 |o,002%¢| 75 4204 1.0 }0,00301} 30 Bo. - Fn ee Zw2e = “ T= O2SV283,7F 10%) 99 Ey jot = 283.7510" Pa 3 . Pa. T=ame*T = an(o.oasV(aaesxtot) = 2.3Qx10 Nem = 4.32 kNem -=3.111 A SO-mmdiameter cylinder is made of «brass for which the stesestran Aingram is a sown, Koowing that the angle of twists 5° ina 725-mm length ‘eterine by approxinste meats the magnitude T ofthe torque applied to the shal ‘S112 Three points onthe nonlinear stress-strain diagram wsed in Prob 3.111 aze (0.0, (0.0015,55M4Pa, and (0.003,80MPa. By Siting the polynomial #4 + By + CY’ trough thse points the fellowing approximate relation hasbeen obtained. 22467 * 10 7-667 * 10" y soLUTION Sone ro. 3.111 ng tation (02) £4, 0.26, PROBLEM 3.112, P= Sa 87. 26K mad | Catde 0.0m, L= 0.72 m tag = EL, (0.025 Xe7, 2000) eee 0.725 let 2=%o- € € = 3,009 «10° T= an (ptedp = ane® The gives stress strain conve is eee BTEC = At Bez 4 Chez i ane ( BOA + Baz 4 CRE 2*) oz sare S _ dz + Bay 6 2d2+ Che g 2tdet wane {As $BTe +$CTY Deta: Azo, B=46.7x10" | C= 6.6710" 4Az0 , HBL = $ (46.7710 200m") = 35.1991 Bete 2 (6.67%107)(2.001016" J -12.08r10" T= an(o.ces\§ 0 + 35a x10%- 12,0810") = 2.26 *10* Nem = 226 KNPROBLEM 3.113 Undoa At pee AY po Pr Residual: At pec At pt pr 3.113 The sold circular drill od AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be lastoplastic with F;— 160 MPa and G=77 GPa. Knowing that atorque T= 5 kN-m. is applied to the rod and then removed, determine the maximum residual shearing ‘stress in the rod, SOLUTION C= 0.025 m T= Feet = Elo.025)' = 613.54 x10" mn? Ts SB. Fete, = F(o.032)'(160 wo!) = 8.927% 10% Nem Loading : T= Sx10* Nem T: $00-4&) * 7 fee gE eg BW = 4 5009 & = o.scua Pr 2 OSC : 0.014122 10"* mm = 14.125 m0 te ye where T= Sx10" kNem xf S228) 208,73 x10" Pa fd S9@.019 13) © 11S.08 x10% Pa SSSI KO Ces > Tra Trg 2 IGO*LD* ~ 203.72%/0* = ~43.72¥10° Pa 5-487 MP Trg > NOO210° = NIS.0B *1Oe = 44.92 x J0* Pa = 4 MP -_(= attest 7 o mM papaeei ail 3.114 ‘The soi cicular shat is made ofa steel which is assumed to be ‘lastoplastic with G= 11.2 » 10*psi andr, 21 Ksi. The torque Tis increased until the radius of the elastic core is 0.25 in. Determine the maximum residual shearing an, ‘stress in the shaf after the torque T has been removed. a soLution 8 C50 in. Prt 0.2 in B= BRE = bas 7 8 te T= Fes Fors © 0.49701 in" « Jk, o.t97e Gn) = 1846 Kipein At end of foading? T24%C- $B) = $03.20) 1-440" 075in = 18.383 kip ia. The stresses are Tp = O of p= Ors % = Br eas at p+ 0.25 in D, te = 2) ksi ot pe OIF in, Torque change during on foadina T= - 18.383 Kips in Stress changes during unfoeding x= TP Cefstic) Mt p=0 t's 0 At pr O.2Sin ¢ “13.388 ots) = 425 ksi Ab p= 0.75 in = += Gesesr(o7) = 27.74 ksi Residud stresses ave a by aeloling Lies Trot — LA p 0 Te = 0 At P= O.25in Gey > B- DIS = WLS Ksv = At pt0.1Sin Tey = 21 - 27.74 = ~ 6.74 esi q MI OIF ae PF -6.74‘3.115 The hollow shaft AB is made ofa steel whichis assumed to be clastoplastic with 5 = 145 MPa and G=77 GPa, The magnitude T of the torque is slowly increased until the plastic zone first reaches the inner surfice; the torque is then removed. Determine (a) the maximum residual shearing stress, (6) the permanent angle of twist of the sha. PROBLEM 3.115 SOLUTION inner radion C= 2.01 » ovter radios C= 0.080 m I= EG -6')= Flo.wse’- 0.018") = cares vm Loading? When py veaches inner surFace, then Z > Ty & ee i Tie an pwede = ant $I = Bala -c' ) = 3 (4s io )(0.030*~ 0.0127) = 6. 4285x/0% Nem =& 222 2g it. Lh ot pre, Also T2O2 2 = Peace pee = 130.77 16 ped = 7.498% Un Poadiin. Ts G.4g85710% Mem Coteste) ae =P a vy’ Gt2BS )(0.030) : piece ie sy nope mjorermatt eeu miett ee ls (S4285 100.018) “ Ape of cE oe 104.49 xlo° Pa (ADL _ ¢ 6429s G. 2s) ee aaa . lead dimeier cence) cate en Residual: — Tu? Tent ~ @' Pent Pani a) AY pq, tue 195 10% ~ 174.14 x10% = - 29.14 10° Pew = = 27.1 MPa = e At p=c Bes = INEHO® = LORYAx108 = WO. S110" Pa, = Ho.s MPa = 36.54 x10 rad (le) Dyer ® 180-7710" ~ 94.23 1 oe. ipean ens 3.116 The solid shaft shown is made ofa stcel which is assumed to be elastopiastic with 5)= 145 MPa and G=77 GPa, The torque T is increased in magnitude until the a shaft has been twisted through 6° and then removed. Determine (a) the magnitude and Bs > location ofthe maximum residual shearing stress, (b) the permanent angle of twist of the shat SOLUTION Ce O01 m Ds 6° = 1047210" vad . pyuce as : Leet Mooy TAn/ 2. 9.0027925 Nt & + PEAS = o.corsest Pr Me. 0,00/8831 _ ‘cE, 7 “Reoseee = 0.67488 T= Fet= Bootes poxgay ot mY T= SEs Fey + Floor (isnot) = 932.98 Nem At end of Soscling Taaa = $T(1- AF = $992.98 I~ 4.67089"] = h148ss x foo Nem Unkoading? ehstie Tis W148 SSx 103 Nem ii 4 Te U1. 8sSxlo" (0.016 ) _ ‘ At prc v= - 102.4640" = 178.52 x]0° Pa At ps pe t's ES fee (175. s2«10% (0.67933) = 120.3810" Pe, ft gs Tk 4 1-19 855% 1o*)(0.6) = 6. xlo* 7 GF Gro VCor wea = BS TH xIOT reel Residual: Tig = Tr ~ 0" Pe = Ta — 9" At p= Tey = IWSwlot~ 178.5axlo* = ~ 38.52x10° Pa = -335 MPa -_ At p= Ts = WAS tO" - 120.3818 = 24.621 * 108 Pa iG al = 24.e MPa = Pym = 104-7210 86.94 “10% 217.98 tt wad = 1.019% ~<3.113. The solid circular drill rod AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be PROBLEM 3.117 elasopastic wth ¢,~ 160 MPa and G=77 GPa. Knowing that w torque T= 5 EX is applied to the rod and then remeved, determine the maximum residual shearing stress inthe rod. SOLUTION 4.117 InProb 3.113, determine the permanent angle of twist of he rod. From the solvtion to PROBLEM 3.113 Croce , Ts 618.59 x10% ms, Bs o.scia , Pr =O-014123 m . it : eee % APter douding 7 GE» geht. Oh. Le Pr” eee Pras = ADEE OD = 1.4718 ned © BY.30° Doing undoading e+ = (efastic) T+ Supa tem H. ( S108 Ye) = = 10888 md = 60.64? P * amo Gis. saneF eee eee Permaneat twist angte Prom = Prat ~-P = 1NII3 ~10583 = 0.4180 red > 23.7° -_= 3.114 The solid circular shaft AB is made of a steel which is assumed to be ae clastoplastic with G= 11.2 « 10°psi and 5,21 ksi. The torque T is increased uti the radius ofthe elastic core is 0.25 in Determine the maximum residual shearing stres inthe shaft after the torque T has boen removed. eoLuTion ‘S118 In Prob 3.114, determine the permanent angle of twist ofthe shaft From the solution ts PROBLEM 3.114, @ 20.9S in, T= 0.49701 in? After Joong T= 18.383 kiprin, py 22S in = x LY. LG ve AP PAG vhere L= 24in, t\(A0) 3 ° Dat = Sa EN = 120-10 Imd = 10.31 My = Al ksi) .G =I, 2mlof pei > ML 210% psi Unhonsting T= 18.383 Kip-in +, wt e* OF Permanent angde Pvist — Poen® Phat — Q! pers = 180 w10%~ 79.26 «10% = 100,74 x10? rad = 577° wt = 7926 HW vad = 454°3.119 A torque T applic to a solid rod made ofan clastoplastic material is increased PROBLEM 3.119 ‘unl the rod becomes fll plastic and then is removed. (a) Show thatthe distribution ‘of residual stresses is as represented in the figure. (6) Determine the magnitude ofthe torque due the stresses acting on the portion ofthe rod located within acicle ofracius ey SOLUTION : te % Das it. + Cg =( act ox Untouding \ as (a) After Loading ‘i muctn-tfen _ DnPoading t's TE » FE = 2. gy at pre T Te TC es 348 Residual Tra * %- $uk - 70-#) Te fiad cc, Set To 7O aud pele @) 4 or 1- ge 2 ee He anf ptdp = an (" pm (1- sh) 4p any (ee) = anciet {sa@y-eHayt s ante fz #4 > ALEC = 0.2209 Gc" =3.116 The solid shaft show is made of a steel which is assumed to be elastoplastic with 1,= 145 MPa and G=77 GPa. The torque T is increased in magnitude until the shaft hasbeen twisted through 6* and then removed. Determine (a) the magnitude and location of the maximum residual shearing stress, (6) the permanent angle of twist of the shaft 3.120 After the solid shaft of Prob, 3.116 has been loaded and unloaded as described inthat problem, a torque T, of sense opposite tothe original torque T is applied to the shat. Assuming no change inthe value of , determine the angle of twist for ‘hich yield is initiated inthis second loading and compare it with the angle ¢ for SOLUTION ‘hich the shat started to yield in the original loading PROBLEM 3.120 From the solution te PROBLEM 3.116 9 C= 0.016m, L=O.6m T= NS wo Pa ST = 102.944 lo m* The residue? stress at p=c is Tra = 33.5 MPa For Doading in the opposite sense, He shange in stress to produce reversed yielding is Uo= Te - Ta t WS x10 = 33.5% 10% = 1 S10 Pa + ie TU, Grozny Ho NLS x108) Cee ee eee 0. 086 = 717 Nin Angle of tuist TL (yz xo? )(o6) | - G GI > Ginet Yio 107) Se = Bue «= co oOae | feea Et eee a feel eal a (ieee (eed ao 3.114 The sold circular sha AB is mde of a steel which is assumed to be lastoplastic with G= 11.2 « 10°psi and += 21 ksi. The torque Tis increased until the radius of the elastic core is 0.25 in, Determine the maximum residual shearing stress inthe shaft after the torque T has been removed. ‘3,21. After the solid shaft of Prob. 3.114 has been loaded and unloaded as described inthat problem, a torque T, of sense opposite to the original torque T is applied to the sa. Assuming no change in the value of F;, determine tho magnitude T; of the torque TY, required to initiate yield in this second loading and compare it with the SOLUTION ‘magnitude 7; ofthe torque T which caused the shaft to yield in the original losing, PROBLEM 3.121 From the sofution to PROBLEM 3.4 9 c= O.7Sim, Le 24 in Ds 2alksi, T= 0.49701 int The residuad stress at p=c is Tas * 6.74 ksi For Doading in the opposite sense, tle change in stress ts proclvce veversed yiekding is Ue Ty Tay RI 6.74 © 14.26 ksi ye BS a Te TH, (oho OW26) ate yip.in A = L& O.4F7ON(2N = pete A Ts Tee foumrentany = 18,92 kip- in, ~£3.12 Knowing that the magnitude ofthe torque Tis 180 vin, determine for each none ae of the aluminum bars shown the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist at end B. Use G=3.9 «10 psi SOLUTION T= 1900 bein, L=36in @) QrlBia, brO6in 221823 From Table 81 €,=0,267 , C,> 0.268 pee eeeele 1800 mee ® Tab ~ O27. 9NO6)* = JO.4ox1O* psi = 10.40 Ksi < Laie = 162.5¥/5% red 2 2.3/9 et ¢ aang? * ©ACSXI.B0.6 FCS. WIEN) (by = 1.0 in; bz 10 in, Be 1.00 0.208 , Cy = 0.1406 Coie tinea 1800 a Bog = La os Umer Gabe® @Revoer = 8-65 pH 8.65 kes = ghbre +7 Hes = 118.210 ped = 6,77? F Batre * TowoeKrorciorcaanee) (84%! oePROBLEM 3.123 3.123 Using %2 10 ksi, determine foreach ofthe aluminum bars shown the largest toraye T which my be apie and the comesponing angle oft, Use = 39 x 10° psi SOLUTION Von = 10 kei, G 28.4 0i0* psi = 3.910% ksi (2) &= 1B in, br 0.6in, 4-28 28 From Table 81 C,5 0.267, €,7 0.263 BE a Von = CG Te 6b Tuy, T= (0.267\(1-8)(0.6) (10) = 1.730 kip-in Th __ ._U.730 )(se) is “4 PARE * (ora. 8XocPOaniory = '96.2*10 red = B.4a5° « (oe) ein, behOin $F 1.00 ¢,= 0.208, C= 0.1406 T Cab ty = 0.208 )1-OM. oY (lo) = 2.08 kip-in = Hae tee 2.08 (36) it 3 9 CORe* Time Wroynoplaawiaty = 196-6 10 vad = 7.82° =‘3.124 Knowing that 7= 800 N-m, determine foreach ofthe cold-rolled yellow brass PROBLEM 3.124 ‘bars shown the maximum shearing stress and the angle of twist at end B. Use G ~ 39 Come = Q GPa SOLUTION T = 800 N-m L= AdOmm = 0.400 m G = 34xJ0" Pa (a) at SOmm 2 0.050m, b SOmm = 0.080 m = £=100 From Table 8.1, C, = 0.208, C,7 0.1406 TH. 800 He ioe CHEE = Trem aseye ~ SOE HO Ra + Sok MPA eres (B00Ko.400) s vot Gar = Orwoe\oos\(oosPlsqna®) =~ 733710 ved = 0.5357 = ) ar Fo mm 0.010m , br 85m = 008m, Seo Cy 0.246, Cpe 0.224 ae HEHE Boo om < = 379M = etic abril ome Nom Xoone oe eee tae ogee (820) (0.400) . a F * Zaks * ma ilocroroossiGamey © MO wed = 0.684° =PROBLEM 3.125 3.125 Using 5, = 50 MPa, determine for each of the cold-rolled yellow brass bars @) shown the largest torque T which mey be applied and the corresponding angle of twist. Use G=39 GPa, soLution Tu > SOx10* Fa, L= YoOmm = 0.400 m G > 89x10" Pa @) asSOmm = C.ofom » be SOmm = 0.050 m| $= 100 From Table 3.1 ¢,5 0.208 > C27 0.1406 —_. cak* | ae ie Te Gab’. + (0.208% 0.080)(0,050) (Soxlo®) = 1300 N-m = 1.800 KNem =e Th: 300) (0.400) a g Gab® & ~ Gite W(0.050)(0.056; (aso) = IS.17 «107° pad = 0.869° =< (bo) AF 70mm + O.07m, br BSmu20,08om, B= 72 = 20 n Fron Tabhe 8.1 c= 0.296, C2 0.229 T= C,aBZ., = (0.246 1(0.07%6 (0.085 )'(S0 vot) = 1055 Nem = OSS kNewm ett z eT, oss Yate) ig aya 0 P Gabe * Waayoow loos Gr xiory = [S IO™ vat = 0.902% - oa3.126 A2-Liptin. torque T is applied to each ofthe ste! bars shown. Knowing that ‘ig~ ksi, determine the required dimension b for each bar. PROBLEM 3.126 SOLUTION 26, 2210, From Tble B) ¢,= 0.208 (b) square? a= 6, oe eee eee eee Tone SEE F ai s Baen opaye) 7 SOS in be bi7oin =< © rectangle: a=2b, B= 20, a= 0.246 2 3 BT F 0-68 in 26° AYO.2%6 NC} 0.378 in 3127 A300Nm torque Tfapplied io exchof the alum brs shown, Knowing PROBLEM 3.127 that f,,= 60 MPa, determine the required dimension 6 for cach bar. SOLUTION T= 300N-m The? COxI0* Pa, (0) civ: c= db te, at, WT v Tbe Uo RE Mela “assert b= 29.4 15% m = 274 mm et a 10. From Tabse 3.1 C= 0. 208 b= ~ 300 a ~e os EES tae eoriee = 24-04 uI0"* mo be 28.9 x10 %m = 28.9 mm et Pr20, = 0.286 : Ir geo - 53 Began = woke (O-1e™tO bb =2).7%107% m = 21-7 mn at ca 1eagntea si 3.128 The torque T causes. rotation of 2° at end B ofthe stainless steel bar shown, Be z 2hs From Table 3.1 6,2 0.23) C20. 1958 Tana = QeNEEENO.O20V77 10° 34.907 v10" ) an Knowing that @= 77 GPa, determine the maxiour shearing stress in the bat. SOLUTION = 30 mm = 0.030 m | b = 20mm = 0. 020m P= 2° = 34.907 10 pad Te ak? ce pe ate es Te Gqabep _— _obGPl Towa” BOE * Gabe =o = 60, = (0-281)(0.7S0) Cea donee sq¥are section ae = 60.3 MPa =< —| 3129 Two shifts re made of the same material. The cross section of sa Aisa 7 peerete saver of side band that of sia Bis acc of ameter, Knowing that the chats | i are subjected tothe same torque, determine the rai of tc maximum shearing steses | i = i occuring inthe shafts. i C) A. square $=1, 620.208 (Table 8.1) eer A 5 * oeoa bs ; : ogi lets il a eat e=gb ei = Ts ‘ A ! \ Ratio 7 mee 130057 = 0.944 = n j 4.130 Determine the largest llownble square cross section ofa see sha of] RORLEN.30 4iftemsiman ang ates tment 00 Ma whet sat Seed A a through one complete evolution, Use G~77 GPa ” P = Rody L= 4m, tie? loo x08 Pa G77 *10" Te GRE ie Shh ace $ O, = O.20B and c,= 0.1406 fron Table 3! o> the - Th - GabeG ~ GbtG (©.208)(J00 x10* (4.0) 08 O77 K1O* Cam) = 12d m = LARS mm meShafts 4 and B sre made of the same material and have the same cross PROBLEM 3.131 sectional area, but A has a circular cross section and B has a square cross section. Determine the ratio ofthe maximum torques 7, and T, which may be safely applied to A and B, respectively. SOLUTION Let c= radius f cincular section A and b= side oF square section B. For equad areas WC™= or Cink: y+ Eee BE. T= Ft Square: C,= 0,208 from Table 3.1 -. Th. Fer rs Retior k= FOte 2 E-Rate! YG Te tb? COs Fete te Fon the same stresses Tae ¢ tama ee 3.132 Shafls 4 and B are made of the same material and have the same length and «ross sectional area, but has a circular cross section and B has a square cross section. Determine the ratio of the maximum values ifthe angles and q through which shafts A and B, respectively, may be twisted. SOLUTION PROBLEM 3.132 Let c =nadius of errevlar section A and b= side of spvare section B. For equal aveas Tots bs » 2 i = tee = b%e Cine? Yue Bes SM Qe bt Sqvaret VabSe S31 €,= 0.208, C2 = 0,106 iP : 2 Te Gate "ares * TS ona Tel. oacs Parl | a7 Lb Ge? cave = amoene ~ be bo & . LM be i bh Xs Ret GEG TATTLE, = OS EE 210.626 TE 7 For equal stresses %= Ta fe. och 21193 =e coa (ros oa c eae cto ace 1 333A 1.25-m-long steel angle has an L 127% 76x 6.4 eross seetion. From Appendix C we find tha the thickness ofthe section is 6.4 mm and that its reais 1252 mm? Knowing that ry =60 MPa, G = 77 GPa, and ignoring the effect of stress ‘concentrations, determine (a) the largest torque T whic: may be applied, (6) the PROBLEM 3.133 corresponding angle of ts. SOLUTION 15 A = 1252 mm b= 6.4 mm = 0.0064 m xX a= fe BR = 195.6 mm = 0.1956 m a, MSE Br Gr = 30.96 Q+c.2 4(1- 0.6808) = 0.3265 eeadneenaareedee 2 Tome ® EGE? * T = 6,0b* See (@) T 20.3265 (0.1956 .0.0064)*(6oxio®) = 156.95 410° Nm = 1S7.0 KNem =e See Peete Ot bo emeet ttt Gy Come eet Eee ©) P* aaBe* talkG =“ Gbe ~ be ~ GowtotV.25) _ 3. a = DG eI TOT) 7 SRITO eed = BTR 4.134 4.3000 Ibin. torque is applied to a 6--long steel angle witha L.4% 4 « } PROBLEM 3.134 eee Pere ' cross section. From Appendix C we id thatthe thickness ofthe sections in, and ‘that its area is 2.86 in” . Knowing that G= 11.2 x 10* psi, determine (a) the maximum waxand shearing sre along line a, (0) the angle of twist, SOLUTION 5 Ac 2steint, b= f= 05m, anh BE = 7.607 in a E> Bw = wo. c= C,24(/- 0.630 £) = 0.3230 eames 3000 : : : ©) Ga SADE = GiaoneiT oars y= 866 x0 psi > B66 ksi ae (300072) = B.S KIO nad = B51" = 6) P = Gase * (Osa Wr EINO.AEVUIAKIO™) Note: L= GPR * 72 inPRoniesiae 3135 An 8-fctong steel member with a W 8 x 31 cross section is subjected 10 a 5 "epin torque. From AppenixC we find that the thickness of the sections 2 in, and SOLUTION Wa x31 Flange? = 7.995 in, (1- 0.6808)» 9.3218 T. = GobtS% 2 Kw SP yh Kp = (0.8219)07.995o.4asy = Web? a= Ro-@o¥ss) © 213 i C= 0,2 $Ci-acsod)}> 0,92 that its area is 2.86 in?. Knowing that G = 11.2 « 10* psi, determine (a) the ‘maximum shearing stres along line d-a, (8) the maximaum shearing stress along line 4, (eth ange of twist. (Him: Consider the web an flanges separately and obtain 4 relation between the torques exerted on the web and a flange, respectively by xprescing that the resuing anges of tit are equal) beams, 2288 + v0 Tet = ek > Saws ere Ke = Gab? O.2188 in® mw, b*0.285in, Ee Ae = asoz 49 Ou > athe, To Gab SB = KEP hee = Gab z Ky = (0.3249)(7.13 (0.2858 = For matehing twist anges 0.0563 in® Pe = Pu = @ Tata? torque T# 2p + Ty & (Kes Ky GQ. _T = Ket =e tea Ry > Te Ret ku ? Tw 2k Ko Ty MBBS 000) L370) Mains Ty = (0-256 SOOO) 567 Jin “QYO.2138)+0.0563 * QO.2138)+0.0563 Tei aa al - eH : (2) ee cake = oamcrexotsye 7 ASP pT HST eo ee i ass 7 = . ©) cats" wamyneyemen 7 Mor + eT ber oe GOT gah hhee Le oh + 96: © Taek ” Pear whe ie @: (s0v0)( 967 (1.2 «108 V[@NO.2138 )+0.563} 5 88.6x10% md = $.08° = 7 a3.136 A 3-m-long steel member has an W 250 x SB cross section. Knowing that G PROBLEM 3.136 = 77 GPa and thatthe allowable shearing stress is 35 MPa, determine (a) the largest torque T which may be applied, (b) the corresponding angle of twist. Refer to Appendix C for the dimensions ofthe eross section and neglect the effect of stress ‘concentrations. (See hint of Prob, 3.135,) SOLUTION, Flange? Q2 203 mm, br IB.Smm, B= 15.04% Tiange Bf 2b C= C2 = $(1-0.6308)- 0.3194 Sneed pee e 260 Ge aft + Tes cabs k, &@ Kp 2 (0.3194X(0,208(0,0135)° = 159.53xi0"7 m* Web: O = 262 -QWIS5)= 225 mm, bs B mm D2 28.13, = cr =4$(1-0.082) = 0.259 smh. 7 3 GO. ge Ou? aatsg 7 Tes abs SP = KS Ky = (0.3254\(0.2251(0.008)*= 37.54 01077 m* For matching twist angles Qr= Pu= QD Total torque? T= 2Tp4+Tw = (2Kp ky) SE ie iia Tea oN yey G2 ae > Tr "hae 7 TOAST plese Tw = Az Los Blesle Ty Ablow che vibse for T based on aDbovabte vabse Fae Te Te = cab'z’ = (0.3194 X0.2080(0.0185(asxiot) = 413.6 Nem = (20(1S4.68) + (37.54) = i T 1B SEN (413.6) = 924.5 Nem Alfownble value For T base on aMowabte valve for Tw Tw = cab’ = (0.3259)(0.225 )(0,008)'Casw/o") = 164.25 Nem = (2059.53) + 37.54. Ee 7 T = Cr (164.25) = 1560 Nem Choose smadten vafue T= 25 Nem = seen ~ LRSM 3.00) Shad = 579° DRAGS * Gse.cxie 760) a dauaacieel ee eiceala =PROBLEM 3.137 3.137 and 3.138 A 750-N'm torque Tis applied to a hollow shaft having the cross section shown. Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing stress at points a and b, Thick nes = G mane x SOLUTION eer \ Avea bounded by center dine 7 Q = 23043)" + (ONE) = 7381 mm = 7381 xj0™* m* L = 0,006 m at bath @ and b. em 7x10" Pa = = v FEQ * Byoooe Tene) 8.47 %10" Pa = 3.47 MPa 3437 and 3.138 A750-Nm torque Tis applied to hollow shaft having the eros: PROBLEM 3.138 ‘section shown, effect of stress concentratior i n, determine the shearing ssress at points a and, Tihvcleness © 8 me. =""—] souotios i fe >| Detaid of commer Fi Et = © tensor F -_t OF Tian Bo" . r = ETETE 6B mn He b= 90-26 = 76, /44 mm - | Area bounded by center fine QstbBb - Ber- Bere wey = 2510.6 mm = 2510.6 x10* m™ L = 0.008 m eee Peete 750 i ‘ US FEa * Wledoaygsoevey) + '867*IO" Pa = 18.67 MPa =J 3 co ite 7m I PCr ERC 3.139 and 3.140 A S0-kipin, torque T is applied to.a hollow shaft having the eross PROBLEM 3.139 section shown. Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing eae stress at points @ and 5, SOLUTION Aree byonded by ie center o2in 35in| | = Zq.ay (eas (8) tO ae > = 18.40 in® 7 eat L238 —l At powt a 20.2 in "sha ta : i « “2EQ *@yoaniaoy oT Ks i Ys ee SO se M point b £ = 0.3 in, REG. Pose.) ~ * i 3.139 and 3.140 A S0-Kipin, torque T is applied toa hollow shaft having the cross PROBLEM 3.140 section shown, Neglecting the effect of stress concentration, determine the shearing streas at points a and — ie SOLUTION ay Area bounded by certer Dine 7 a sin Ee Ou (XAG) = AR if te ‘ 7 Te at eat At pasta be fin» 0.85 in Tv 0 Fe i‘ TEA oman ~ 786 ksi ie At poist b b= Fin 7 0.895 in aes R= sh si ad BEA = (2KO.8S V2.4)_ 2B and 3.142 A hollow ember having th eros sestion shown i fomed fom ‘of 2-mm thickness. Knowing thatthe shearing stress must not exceed 3 Me 12.73 MPa &) T= (Qnqtec) = arate = 2m (0.150)"(0,008) (12.78 20°) = 5.YO x10 Nem = G.HO Nem =seo) femme) eee see [eed oneal coece Cc cS al PROBLEM 3.147 c; 3.147 A cooling tube having the cross setion as show is formed fom a sheet of Staines stel of thickness. The radi and ey are measured othe centerline ofthe sheet metal. Knowing that a torque T applied tothe tbe, determine interns of. 5 6,» and the maximum shearing stress in the tube, SOLUTION Area beunded by center tine Q= T(c*-¢,") Shearing stress TL Us aea * “aEtah es) - PROBLEM 3.148 3.148 Equal torques are applied to thin-walled tubes of the same length ., same thickness, and same radius ¢. One of the tubes has been sit lengthwise as shown. Determine (a) the ratio r/t, of the maximum shearing stresses in the tubes, (6) the z* ratio 4/4, of the angles of twist ofthe shafts. ae soLuTION eC Without sit o be. Janet q=c ih Te oop =... ALO Aven bounded by centering Q= Te* —L, amet re See fa sal -, 3th 9° cape “HeEPS Stress potio= Twist roto ¢ 3T amc tt 3TL 3 ~ - 3¢ ~[ened epee: 7 a 0 (=a 3.149 A hollow cylindrical shaft of length , mean rads cand uniform thickness "subjected to torques of magstude T- Consider, on the oe hand the values ofthe average shearing sre sq and te angle of twist obained fom the elas torsion formulas developed in Sees. 34 and 3.5 and, onthe other hand, the coneaponding Z ‘values obtained fromthe formulas developed in Se. 31 fo thin-walled hollow sha, " (@)Show thatthe relative eco introduced by using the tin-val- shaft formulas rather SA ‘than the elastic torsion formulas is the same for r,,, and ¢ and that the relative error i posive and proportional othe square ofthe ratio. () Compare the percent error corresponding to values ofthe ratio ey equal 01/02 and 0. PROBLEM 3.149 SOLUTION het, = ovter rastivs = Cyt dt and 6,2 inner tadios = C,- 45 T= Fale) = E(chs eMewee.-e,) = Eos cut + othe ot cnt + $27) 2e,) £ = arlore LE*)onk ae eact i retin TP “T™ * SESE VE g.= Je: TL TG * QE NALS Area bounded by centertine Qo TCn ores eee Te = REQ © ANCIE = Dhogas . Thiawen./t) ,_ TL Rest * WoC "Greste Raiest tee TD _. Aner 1+4ke T° Rett T a - alee sh ete _ e a eee We tee bu ce = fae - Bp 24hBS (rea eee) ee ee els esc ee eae 4.150 For the solid brass shaft shown, determine the maximum shearing stress in (a) PROBLEM 3.150 portion 48, (6) portion BC. SOLUTION Tp = 125kp-in, Tes d3kp-m AB . aes in Te 128-852 9 kipin , Coddeo.87eim Te | 2T . @xs) 2 wr ce Se eS es oe BC: T= 3.5 kip-in > Cthel 0.625 in es ee i GEER = gists Te _ re Es 3.151 Knowing that G=5.6 « 10" psi forthe solid brass shaft shown, determine the PROBLEM 3.151 angle of twist at point C. SOLUTION y= 1a5tp-i sas AB’ Ts 12S -3.5 = 4 kp in, C= ed O.2T in G = S.ex10% psi = SG W 10 ksi atc wa Sar Ee'= E(0.875)" = 0,92077 int = Tales |__ 632) = SQ% «Jo Ym Gm (Eero laqzo7) = St Ie” rad BO: T= 3S kpin, Cr gd = 0.685 in Suc = Fer = E(o.ers)' = 0.28968 in® Tale (a.5)¢24) = 626ox1o" Ge * Sr * Sa mo5 NOTE) orig eed Net angle oF dust — Pye - Dig = 10.2410 pad = 0.587° ~eal ee eeme) ee eee ’ 3.152 The stepped shaft shown rotates at 900 PROBLEM 3.152 Setermine the maximum (22 1am, (6) 20 me, pm, Knowing that ty) = 42 MPa, Power which can be transmitted if the radius r ofthe fillet is SOLUTION 400 wpm 8 Frequency poe ss He D= 160 mm, d= 80mm, T= 42 MPa = 42.10% Be, = 4d = domm = 0.040 m RB. Be. 20 (2) r= Imm, G = 2 ols Ke 1.33 2 KTe . 2KT me cu : i + EX _ To.0v0} (424io*) _ (ON Te Ege = ONY = 817K (0° Nom Ps QnfT = (amis t7SI0) + 300210 W = Z0bkW me (b) 0 = 0mm, Fs B= oW28 K = 1.20 2 TSE . (Mo,o1e"42W10%) - 5. s20vi0% We 17s oe G)G-48) ie P= anfT = (amis eszoxio*) = a32xiow - 232kKW me3.153 The long, hollow, tapered shaft 42 has a uniform thickness ¢. Denoting by G eae ‘the modulus of rigidity, shown thatthe angle of twist at end A is as no anai te From geometry teas So c= y tard = Sap fe y fa. Go YA Fal * Ceo Ge = Go = Sek Ye = jd * Cyne J ancit = an Cassa)? yt a ciesigedy eer is Ye dy Tut 7 ("Te . Tere ? J Cr IM Co-APEC Ve ye Re QYyte (, AF ar, ) Tele aise To {Cecat (ca-e)* e-GtS (yr wt WG-GPte ( Vee Le ame {2 erly eee BKC * Waee-c te LG Gel > FnCCe= Cu )feeg Ca Ti (cs 4MGE CeCe” [eam ieee eed siege Toe) A3.154 Two solid ste! shafts, each of 30-mm diameter, ate connected by the gears PROBLEM 3.154 shown. Knowing that G = 77 GPa, determine the angle through which end A rotates ‘when 8200-N-m torque T is applied at 4. SOLUTION Cabeudahion of torques CiveumPerential contuct force between gears B and D Fo: Te. Te Va Te “ Tor = FE The = FS (200) = 300 Nm Twist in shaft DE Soe = Bot = E(0,015)" = 79.822 ™10"" m* Loe = 0.5m Oe = Teebse . (5000-8) Ghee ° C710" )\asiaxio* ) = 24.497 107" vad. Rotation at D Po = Pre = 24.497 "10" pad Circumferential displacement at gear civeles S=RG = le Pe Rotohion ot B de? 7 D = B (at.427010*) = 36.795 016* vad Twist in shaft AB hye TO. + 0.2 40.440.2 = 0.9m, Tny = 7.522410" mm - Tel (2000.1) cee Ds * Gh * Gimot Wraguano?) = 278% #10 vad Rotetion at A d= Get Yao BE THSHIO? + BIO rad © GEE IS nd = 3.79" =~ O fees fel mes oe een] met ef maven EY men | |3.155 The angle of rotation of end 4 ofthe gear-and-shuf system shown must not PROBLEM 3.155 exceed 4°. Knowing that the shafts arc made ofa steel for which f4y = 65 MPa and G=77 GPa, determine the ingest torque T which. i gee largest torqui ‘canbe safely applied at end. Cabcudation of torque ratio Contact fora F Fe » = Te 's Ye Toe = Sas er es T % 60 aaa? Das torque eee ia shad, we ind the ferave 4 ont based on stress in shadt DE vs Tae BT, (QUST ee we® a te. 7 3, We a T aan ¢ t+ Floos)(6sxiot) = 227.7 Nem 122.485 x0 T Ciecumberenticl clisplacement at gear circles S= Vado» Vo%s Rotation of Bo Qe & Do = Blais 10°) > 193,722 «10° 7 Twist in shaPt AB — Lyg = 0.140.240.4402 = 0.9m Cr bee eeces) a oe Ges = XS” Tio ycaasazetoy ~ (46-182 610" T = 122.485 KIO T Rotation of A hs ys Gee = 183.728 T + 146. 9924166 T = 380.71 «lo T Rotetion Dinit 2 4° = 69.813 *107* rad. E quoting 330.71 «(0% T > 69.813*/0° =: T= Zil.] Nem Limcting torque is the smaller valve T= 211 Nem ~3.156 A sheet metal strip of width 6 in. and 0.12 in. thiekness i to be formed into a PROBLEM 3.156 tube of rectangular cross section. Knowing that fy, 4 ksi, determine the largest ‘torque that may be applied to the tube when (a) w= 1.5 in. (b) w — 1.2in, (c) w= or in, [4] sonenion perimeter pt Gin + Qw4 2h Sn) depth a= B-w Ares kouneted by certerfine C= wol= w(P-w) Ursig s Te ata: 2tw(P-wie Data b= O.12in, prGin Te 4k (a) we hs T= BXON MESA) = 216 Kiprin aoe (b) We ha T# QXO 122M) = 207 kipin = le) we lo T= @ Moir Yo Vo K4) = 1.92 kein _ The fargest aMowable torque corresponds 4o a square section, 3.187 Two solid brass rods AB and CD are brazed wo a brass sleeve EF. Determine PROBLEM 3.157 the ratio dy/d, for which the same maximum shearing stress oceurs in the rods and in the sleeve. SOLUTION Let cy=4d, and cp tde ~ Te -27 Shaft ABT a 7a 2 a eee 2 2Te Stew Er %~ Ta . Alu. : i ieee For tqusd atveses 22 + STS ee let x= & x15 ow xe rex Solve by successive cpproximetions starting with Xo = 1.0 we A= 1194, x2 fa1BF = 1.216 we W2a1e = 1.220 thys PRIMO * RV xg+ TRAV © 1.201 (converged) = Se Gr ee SS + hs hay =om) 3.158 One ofthe two hollow ste! drive shaft ofan ocean liner is 75 m long and has PROBLEM 3.158 the eross section shown. knowing that G = 77 GPa and thatthe shaft transmits 44 MW to its propeller when rotating at 144 rpm, determine (a) the maximum shearing stress inthe shat, (b) the angle of twist of the sha. 1a] SOLUTION or som Le 15m, Fr ep s BE = 2 He al Pe a4 Mw = 4a lS W Be arbt To pip + HMO. 2.a178eio% wom BPs 160mm = 0.160 m Ge ds Se, 290 mm = 0.240 m Te Elet-o) = F(o.ate’- 0.160") = 10,08 x10? m _ Tes _ (2.9'78K10'No.240) _ viot Pat a. Te yc jo-03x10% = 83.9¥10% Pa 83.9 MPa —_ ( = Tk . (24x ME) 5 3 nad = ° o) @ BY 7 Gro'Kees 07) 2BI.GxIO” red = IGS -‘3.189 The shaft 4B is made ofa material which is elastoplastic with F,~ 12.5 ksiand = 410" pi For the ling shown, determine () the rai ofthe elastic core of the shaft, (5) the angle of twist at end B. é SOLUTION Pe P Q ct O05 in PROBLEM 3.159 6h mee eZ fre Heelys ie 2 Exe = FOshU2s y= 2.454 kom T= 83 kp > Th plastic region with elastic core - -4he). pis 4-3 ia.4s4) , . Te $e ws Be 4-8. 4 OGY «9, 84307 & o.caarg pe (061818 CAS) * 0.347 im, « Le Gf» 72 in Ge 4«lo' psi = 4x 10% ksi - ke 2TL AYR. 45472) > Rb 2 2b. @G.45472) 9, Oe FS > HAS "Tes hGesy | OT Bee 2 pe Pe = OAH - o.cyqotmd = 322° me price 0.6488 3.160 Ifthe 3 kin, torque applied to the shat! of Prob, 3.159 is removed, PROBLEM 3.160 ‘determine (a) the magnitude and location of the maximum residual shearing stress in the shaf, (6) the permanent angle of twist ofthe shah. SOLUTION From the soflution of PROBLEM 3.157, at the end of Hoasing TS kiprin Ee = 0.69318, Prd = 0.54904 rad Stresses T2O ct p20, T= 12Sksi at pape , Te I2Sks at pre. Unboading T= - Skip in G = 4x)0% psi + 4¥)08 ksi at: EE = 25- 2NC3% 2-18.28 Ksi at pre AT = (0.64319) 15,28°) = 10.57 ksi of P= Pr. =~ Th . 2TL , Q)3K72) ane “9g Gr TOS * T(os)*GxI0*) 0.5500 vad, Residue? Tres = Thad + AT At p=C Tas * IRE 18.78 & ~ 2.78 bsi cl At p=Pr te = 125 - lo.sa = 19d ksi Porn = Pad *AP = 0.64904 - 0.55004 = 0.099 vad = S67" =< ceePROBLEM 3.161 3.161 The composite shaft shown is twisted by applying a torque T at end A. ‘Knowing thatthe maximum shearing stress in the stee! shells 150 MPa, determine the corresponding maximum shearing stress in the aluminum core. Use G= 77 GPa for steel and G= 27 GPa for aluminum. SOLUTION Let G,, 5, and 7%, reler be the atuminum core. and Gry Jz, and% refer to the stee? shel? Atte cuter surface on the stee? shetP 4-82 OLN. cea L CG OG: At the ovter surface of the aluminum core 280, 2h He eg as L Matching 2 For beth components ts OG. Solving For Ly a. G aa ® | = 9.086 27810" coos HO TTF = 39. 410° Pa = 37.4MPa mtPROBLEM 3.C1 3.01 Shaft AB consists of m homogeneous eylindrical elements, Which «an be solid or hollow, Its end A is fined, wile is end Bis fe, and its sub a ested tthe loading show. The length of element iis denoted by [its outer mente ‘iameter by OD, its inner diameter by ID, its mesulus of rigidity by Gy and the torque applied to its right end by T,, the magnitude T, ofthis torque being assumed tobe positive iT, is observed as counterclockwise from end B aid negative otherwise, (Note that JD, = 0 if the element i solid) (a) Write acom- puter program that can be used fo determine the maximum shearing sess in 2 cach element, the angle of twist ofeach element, and the angle of twist ofthe Blewet ene sa 2) Use this program to sole Prob. 38,338,337, 3.150, and 51. SOLUTION 1, FoR fren C1mbescn. ELenbar, EXTEN © es OE GE a0 cenaPore d= aon! 198) ure oF Peosnan UP bare Foraue T*7eTE fee Fav, © 7 (0b/2}/u, Pag = TH [Gy ANE OF TWIST OF ENTIRE SAAET, STROTINE wire G20, urpare Tween 4M eemenr C:e1 my Eke blititn OUT PAT Problem 3.9 and 33: Blement maxim stress Angle of Twist (na) (degrees) 2.0000 56.5884 2.5265 20000 36.6264 0.0887 Angle of twist for entire shaft - 3.4152 ¢ Problem 3.37 Element Maximum Stress Angle of Twist (Pa) (degrees) 1.0000 33.95: 0.9314 220000 19.648 0.7413 Angle of twist for entire shaft = 1.5726 * Problem 3.150 and 3/57 Element’ Maximm Stress Angle of Twist ‘(eat) (degrees) 1.0000 9.1266 3.5857 20000 5526 -3:0002 Angle of twist for entire shaft = 0.5955 ° ' Geya oo a PROBLEM 3.C? FRObbAM Dur pur 3.C2 The assembly shown consists of n cylindrical shafts, which ean be solid or hollow, connected by gears and supported by brackets (not shown), End A, of the first shaft is free and is subjected to a torque Ty, while end B, of the last shaft is fixed, The length of shaft A,B, is denoted by Ly its outer die ameter by OD, its inner diameter by 1D, and its modulus of rigidity by G, {Note that 1D; = 0 if the eloment is solid.) The radius of gear A is denoted by 4, and the radius of gear B, by by (a) Write a computer program that can be used to determine the maximum shearing stress in each shaft, the angle of twist, of each shaft, and the angle through which end A, rotates. (b) Use this program to solve Probs. 3.21, 3.39, 3.41, 3.42, and 3.154. SOLUTION Torave ry sur, ENTER Tye F Cer) Foe Each SHArT, ENTER te Re Ge Compe: Ji= CP 22)( on - 12!) Fhe, = 73 (28{]2)) Jz a= TA |G flier ROTATION AT END A, ComPuIg ROTATION AT THE "AY EMD GE EACH SHAFT STMT WITH GNELE > Pil AND UPDATE Fen 7 Te 1, avo mod Pu, fusie = pete (A,)/6,_, + PH, Pepblen 3.2. sft No, Wax.Stress (MPa) Twist Angle (degrees) 1.0000 68.7420 2.465 2:0000 72.5033 7707 Angle through which Al rotat 3.388 ° Problem 3.39 WO. Wax.Stress (MPa) ‘Twist Angle (degrees) 1.0000 47.7465 2.7764 2.0000 8218932 270560 Angle through which’Al rotates = 7.945 ° Problem at t No. Max.Stress (ksi) Twist Angle (degrees) 2.0000 9.0541 2.3587 2.0000 1210722 313175 Angle-through which’A1 rotates = 3.215 ° Problem ‘Shaft NO. (kai) Twist Angle (degrees) 1.0000 9.0541 1.3587 20000 6.7906 Tait Angle through which’Al rotates = 1.914 ° Tees) eet Al dpe 1.0000 37.7256 1.6843, 2.0000 56.5804 214036 Angle through which’Ai rotates = 3.790 °3.C3 Shaft AB consists of n homogeneous cylindsical elements, which Pee can be solid or hollow, Both ofits ends are fixed, and it is subjected to the loading shown, The length of clement iis denoted by L, its outer diameter by OD, its inner diameter by 1D, its modulus of rigidity by G, and the torque op- plied to its right end by T, the magnitude 7; of this torque being assumed to be postive if, is observed as counterclockwise from end B end negative oth exwise. Note that 1D, = 0 if the element is solid and also that T; = 0. Writes ‘computer program that can be used to determine the reactions at A and B, the ‘maximum shearing stress in each element, and the angle of twist of each ele. ‘ment. Use this program (a) to solve Prob. 3.56, (b)o determine the maximum shearing stess in the shaft of Example 3.05, SOLUTION WE Consipne THE RERCTION AT BAS ReDunonwr ano GELERSE THE HET AT Ly Compute Gg wizn Teqt0! Oe Pitch ELEMENT EYTER peraregie ggg (as eopure de =(P/22Y onf - 12H) UenTe Fore Ft AyD Cewmpere ren Pacn* pinione TAU; = 7 (en/a)/de PHe = The /Grde Cepnrere Sgt F7Acrmt WTA BRO any OP DADE Tawousn 7 BLEABTS @; = Sy +P; 1 @=8, wit TAU, = Ob¢]adg aor Pity = Lg V6 Foe n Sitinen UNITE (0) = UIT Ep /L) + UOT Poul SUPER Rosine Z2R TOTAL Atl OTB 7e bE BERS. G,t Blume, fm) =o Br-& Nem Exgr) WEN ge BH) +E FOR Lier ELEMENT} 4hx S7pess! Tome TAU, = TAUy +75 (om7 THU; ) Aouess on TUT! TERE Pity = Puls +7 (207 Pi) Prosper Oureor Problem 3.56 TA = -0.290 kN Seeoecrrnerrererene acne 7B = 01210 Kiem Element tau max (MPa) Angle of Twist (degrees) 2 -39.588 1.178 2 31.670 4178 Problem 3.05 A= -51.733 abese Seance TB = -38.267 Ipeee0 ( [ felted eed SS oO Coed eed eael 3.04 The homogeneous, solid cylindrical shaft AB has a length L, a di- ameter d, # modulus of rigidity G, and a yield strength ry. It is subjected toa torque T that is gradually increased from zero until the angle of twist of the shaft has reached a maximum value and then decreased back to zero. (0) ‘Write « computer program that, for each of 16 values of . equally spaced ‘over a range extending from 0 to a value 3 times as large as the angle of twist atthe onset of yield, can be used to determine the maximum value Ti ofthe torque, the radius of the elastic core, the maximum shearing stress, the per- ‘manent tvist, and the residual shearing stress both atthe surface of the shaft and atthe interface ofthe elastic core and the plastic region. (b) Use this pro- ‘gram to obiain approximate answers to Probs. 3.95, 3.113, 3.159, and 3,160. SOLUTION eae ear cs *@ GLH FR Baie a de Eee (Pe BS PROBLEM 3.C6 Lonvve! Ty? 7 : eee 4 a(t ‘ x te $A, -) | £0.) tn 4 iN y @ < a FO.(2) FL unnenping (etmsrie) é A: BE y= pnbil oF Pwis7 ele UNLeRb Ind ee - Js TAU AT ere 5 age Taw ar p=by "2 4 Foe _¢20 To b= 3dy vitnd ORFy INCREMENTS & ' é wien d dy! mq use Fol) — A, vsé E02) Resipve.t to= tin Py Far 7% lat 5H & —— Teen Ter CONTINUED