Myasthenia Gravis

WHAT IS MYATHENIA GRAVIS?

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder which is characterized by a

neuromuscular weakness.

CAUSE:

It results due to antibodies attacking the acetylcholine receptors due to which the
impulses are prevented from passing from neuron to muscle and muscle
contractions can not be triggered.

This disease is characterized by painless muscle which proves it is not fatigue

Treatment

The drugs administered in case of this disease include

ACETYLCHOLINE INHIBITORS:

Neostigmine, physostigmine, pyridostigmine, Rivastigmine, Donepazil

Justification:

These drugs inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and prevent the destruction
of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine.

This results in the accumulation of the acetylcholine which act on its respective
receptor. Even though the symptoms are not completely abolished, they are
decreased to a certain level and muscle function is improved.

BRIEF ACCOUNT OF SELECTIVE β 2 AGONISTS:

Selective beta 2 agonists are drugs that are responsible for stimulation only beta 2
receptors.
EFFECTS OF STIMULATION:

The stimulation of beta 2 receptors results in:

Bronchodialtion

Vasodilation

Relaxation of uterine muscle

Relaxation of smooth muscles

Release of insulin

DRUGS THAT ARE AGONISTS:

Inhaler form:

1. Salbutamol
2. Albuterol
3. Formoterol

Oral form and intravenous form:

1. Salbutamol
2. Terbutaline

CONDITIONS IN WHICH THEY ARE ADMINISTERED:

1. Asthma
2. Premature labour
3. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
4. Hypertension

SIDE EFFECTS:

1. Tachycardia
2. Palpitation
3. Tremor
4. Anxiety
5. Insomnia
6. Arrhythmias