Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Integration and Its Applications PDF
Uploaded by
Kamal Hameed Al-taiyOriginal Title
Copyright
Available Formats
Share this document
Did you find this document useful?
Is this content inappropriate?
Report this DocumentCopyright:
Available Formats
Integration and Its Applications PDF
Uploaded by
Kamal Hameed Al-taiyCopyright:
Available Formats
א
א
٣
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אWאא
אאאאאWאא
אאאא
Wאא
Wאאא
אאא o
אאאאאאאא o
א
Kאאאאאא o
אאא Wאא
Kא
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אWאא
אאאאK١
W١
:אאא f (x) אEFא F (x)
dF ( x)
f ( x) F (x) dF ( x) = f ( x)dx = f ( x)
dx
א ،א c F ( x) + c אא א א
אאאאK f (x) אEF
אאא،א،אא
אאא
W٢
W c ، F ( x) + c א f (x) א
dF ( x)
= f ( x)
dx
f (x) אא
∫ f ( x)dx = F ( x) + c
Kא c אא f ( x)dx ﻟא
W١
∫ 5 x 4 dx = x 5 + c d ( x 5 ) = 5 x 4 dx
∫ 3e 3 x dx = e 3 x + c d (e 3 x ) = 3e 3 x dx
∫ − 2 x sin x 2 dx = cos x 2 + c d (cos x 2 ) = −2 x sin x 2 dx
EFאאא
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אאאאאK٢
אאW١א
א a
א c ∫ adx = ax + c
W٢
1) ∫ 5dx = 5x + c
2) ∫ − 7 dx = −7 x + c
5 5
3) ∫ − dx = − x + c
3 3
W٢א
x n+1
א c n = −1 ∫ x n dx = + c
n +1
W٣
x 3+1 1
∫
3
1) x dx = + c = x4 + c
3 +1 4
1 x −4+1 x −3 1
∫ ∫
−4
2) 4 dx = x dx = +c= +c=− 3 +c
x − 4 +1 −3 3x
2 7
2 +1 7
x 5 x55
3) ∫ 5
x dx =
2
+1
+c=
7
+ c = x5 + c
7
5 5
W٣א
Wאאא
∫ af ( x)dx = a ∫ f ( x) dx
af ( x) = af ( x) אא
W٤
x 4+1 7
∫ ∫
1) 7 x dx = 7 x dx = 7
4 4
+ c = x5 + c
4 +1 5
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
−2 1 x −3+1 x −2 1
∫ ∫ ∫
−3
2) dx = − 2 dx = − 2 x dx = − 2 + c = − 2 + c = +c
x3 x3 − 3 +1 −2 x2
2 2 1
− −
3) ∫ 5x 3 dx = 5 x ∫ 3 dx =3 5x 3 +c
W٤א
Wאאאאא אא
K x א f ( x), g ( x) א
∫ [ f ( x) ± g ( x)]dx = ∫ f ( x)dx ± ∫ g ( x)dx
WK x א f1 ( x), f 2 ( x), f 3 ( x),...., f n ( x) א
∫ [ f1 ( x) ± f 2 ( x) ± f 3 ( x) ± .... ± f n ( x)]dx = ∫ f1 ( x)dx ± ∫ f 2 ( x)dx ± ∫ f 3 ( x)dx ± .... ± ∫ f n ( x)dx
WאאאW٥
1) ∫ (x 2 − 2 x + 5)dx, ⎛ 2⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞
⎝∫
2) ⎜ x − 3 ⎟ dx,
x ⎠ ⎝ ∫
3) ⎜ x 5 − 2 x − 2 ⎟dx.
x ⎠
Wא
∫( ) ∫
1) x 2 − 2 x + 5 dx = x 2 dx − 2 xdx + 5dx ∫ ∫
x3 2x 2 1
− + 5x + c = x3 − x 2 + 5x + c
=
3 2 3
⎛ 2⎞ 1
⎝ ∫
2) ⎜ x − 3 ⎟dx =
x ⎠
x dx − 2 3 dx
x ∫ ∫
1
1
x −3+1 2
x2
+1 3
∫ ∫
−3
= x 2 dx − 2 x dx = −2 + c = x 2 + x −2 + c
3 −2 3
2
⎛ 3 ⎞
∫ ∫
3) ⎜ x 5 − 2 x − 2 ⎟dx = x 5 dx − 2 x dx − 3 x −2 dx
⎝ x ⎠ ∫ ∫
1 2 2
= x6 − x + 3 x −1 + c
6 2
W٥א
Wאא − 1 n x א u
u n+1
א c n = −1 u ′ u dx = +c ∫
n
n +1
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
WאאאW٦
1) ∫ 6 x 2 (2 x 3 − 6) dx, ∫ ( ) ∫( )
4 5
2) x 3 x 4 − 2 dx, 3) x 2 + 1 x 3 + 3 x + 1 dx
Wא
1) ∫ 6 x 2 (2 x 3 − 6) dx :
4
W u = 2 x 3 − 6 ⇒ u ′ = 6 x 2
∫ 6 x (2 x − 6) dx = ∫
2 3
4
u ′ u dx =
4 u5
+ c=
2x3 − 6 (
+ c
)
5
5 5
2) ∫ x 3 (x 4 − 2) dx :
5
W u = x 4 − 2 ⇒ u ′ = 4 x 3
∫ ( ) ∫ ( ) ( )
1 5 5 1 u6 1 4 6
x x − 2 dx = 4 x x − 2 dx =
3 4 3 4
+c= x − 2 + c
4 4 6 24
1
3) ∫ (x + 1) x + 3x + 1 dx = ∫ (x + 1)(x + 3x + 1) dx
2 3 2 3 2
W u = x 3 + 3x + 1 ⇒ u ′ = 3x 2 + 3 = 3(x 2 + 1)
1
∫( ) ∫( )( )
1
x + 1 x + 3 x + 1 dx = 3 x 2 + 1 x 3 + 3 x + 1
2 3 2 dx
3
1
3
3 3
=
1
3 ∫ u′u 2 dx =
1
3 3
2 u2 2
+ c = u 2 + c = x 3 + 3x + 1 2 + c
9 9
( )
2
:אא x א u אW٦א
u′
∫ dx = ln u + c
u
WאאאW٧
2
2x3 + 1 xe 2 x sec 2 x x + cos 2 x
1) 4∫
x + 2x + 1
dx, 2) ∫e 2x 2
+5
dx, 3) ∫ 5 − tan x
dx , 4) ∫ x 2 + sin 2 x
dx
Wא
2x3 + 1
1) 4
x + 2x + 1
dx : ∫
u = x 4 + 2 x + 1 ⇒ u ′ = 4 x 3 + 2 = 2(2 x 3 + 1)
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
2x3 + 1 1 2(2 x 3 + 1) 1 u′ 1 1
4∫
x + 2x + 1
dx = 4
2 x + 2x
dx =
2 u ∫dx =
2
ln u + c =
2 ∫
ln x 4 + 2 x + 1 + c
2
xe 2 x
2) ∫e 2 x2
+5
dx :
2 2
u = e 2 x + 5 ⇒ u ′ = 4 xe 2 x
2
xe 2 x 1 u′ 1 1
∫e ∫
2
dx = dx = ln u + c = ln e 2 x + 5 + c
2 x2 4 u 4 4
+5
sec 2 x
3) ∫5 − tan x
dx :
u = 5 − tan x ⇒ u ′ = − sec 2 x
sec 2 x − sec 2 x u′
∫ 5 − tan x
dx = −
5 − tan x ∫
dx = −
u ∫
dx = − ln u + c = − ln 5 − tan x + c
x + cos 2 x
4) 2 ∫
x + sin 2 x
dx :
u = x 2 + sin 2 x ⇒ u ′ = 2 x + 2 cos 2 x = 2( x + cos 2 x)
x + cos 2 x 1 2( x + cos 2 x) 1 u′ 1
∫ x 2 + sin 2 x
dx =
2 x 2 + sin 2 x ∫ dx =
2 u
dx =
2
ln u + c ∫
1
= ln x 2 + sin 2 x + c
2
Wאאא W
1) ∫ (2 x − 3 x 4 )dx (
6) ∫ x 4 + 2 x ) (4 x
2 3
)
+ 2 dx 11) ∫
(1 + 3x )dx
2 x + 3x 2
⎛ 3
2) ∫ ⎜ 4 − 4 x 2 +
2 ⎞
⎟dx 7) ∫ x x 2 + 1 dx (
12) ∫ 3 x − x 3 ) (1 − x )dx
5 2
⎝x x⎠
3) ∫ x ( x − 3) dx
2
( )
8) ∫ 5 5 x 7 + 2 x 6 dx
2
13)
t 3 − 4t + 3 t
∫ dt
t
⎛ 1 1 1 ⎞ 9) ∫ 1 − 4 x dx sec x tan x
4) ∫ ⎜ 2 + 3 + 4 ⎟dx
⎝x x x ⎠
14) ∫
3 + 2 sec x
dx
( ) 10) ∫ 3 5 + x 3 (x 2 )dx e2x
3
5) ∫ 3 3x 2 − 1 xdx 15) ∫ e2x + 1
dx
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אאאאK٣
אאאא x א u א
Wאאאא
1) ∫ u ′ cos u dx = sin u + c 2) ∫ u ′ sin udx = − cos u + c
3) ∫ u ′ sec 2 u dx = tan u + c 4) ∫ u ′ csc 2 u dx = − cot u + c
5) ∫ u ′ sec u tan udx = sec u + c 6) ∫ u ′ csc u cot u dx = − csc u + c
7) ∫ u ′ tan udx = ln sec u + c 8) ∫ u ′ cot udx = − ln csc u + c
WאאאW٨
1) ∫ sin 4 xdx, ∫
2) cos 2 xdx, ∫ (
3) x tan 2 x 2 + 1 dx, ) ∫
⎛ x⎞
4) cot⎜ 7 − ⎟dx.
⎝ 2⎠
Wא
1 1
1) ∫ sin 4 xdx =
4∫
4 sin 4 xdx = − cos 4 x + c
4
1 1
∫
2) cos 2 xdx =
2 ∫
2 cos 2 xdx = sin 2 x + c
2
∫ ( )
3) x tan 2 x 2 + 1 dx =
1
4 ∫ ( 1
)
4 x tan 2 x 2 + 1 dx = ln sec 2 x 2 + 1 + c
4
( )
⎛ x⎞ 1 ⎛ x⎞ ⎛ x⎞
∫ 2⎠ ∫
4) cot ⎜ 7 − ⎟dx = −2 − cot ⎜ − ⎟dx = 2 ln csc⎜ 7 − ⎟ + c
⎝ 2 ⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 2⎠
W אאאW٩
1) [sin(3 x + 2) + cos( 2 − 3 x)]dx,
∫ 2) sec 2 (4 x ) dx
∫
2⎛
x3 ⎞
∫
3) x csc ⎜⎜ 3 − ⎟⎟dx,
2
3⎠ ∫
2
( ) ( )
4) x csc 2 x cot 2 x dx3 3
⎝
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
Wא
1) ∫ [sin(3x + 2) + cos(2 − 3x)]dx = ∫ sin(3x + 2)dx + ∫ cos(2 − 3x)dx.
1 1
= ∫ 3 sin(3 x + 2)dx − ∫ − 3 cos(2 − 3 x)dx.
3 3
1 1
= − cos(3 x + 2) − sin( 2 − 3 x) + c.
3 3
1 1
∫
2) sec 2 4 x dx =
4 ∫
4 sec 2 4 x dx = tan 4 x + c
4
⎛ x ⎞
3
⎛ x3 ⎞ ⎛ x3 ⎞
∫ ⎝
∫
3) x 2 csc 2 ⎜⎜ 3 − ⎟⎟dx = − − x 2 csc 2 ⎜⎜ 3 − ⎟⎟dx = cot⎜⎜ 3 − ⎟⎟ + c
3⎠ ⎝ 3⎠ ⎝ 3⎠
1
∫
4) x 2 csc 2 x 3 cot 2 x 3 dx =
6 ∫
6 x 2 csc 2 x 3 cot 2 x 3 dx
1
6
( ) 1
= − csc 2 x 3 + c = − csc 2 x 3 + c
6
W אאאW١٠
3 sin( 2 − x) cos(3 + 5 ln 9 x).
1) ∫ x
dx., 2)
7x ∫ dx.
4
tan(5 − )
∫ ∫
3) cos 6 x cos(9 + 4 sin 6 x) dx, 4) x dx
x3
Wא
3 sin( 2 − x)
1) ∫ x
dx.
1
u = 2 − x ⇒ u′ = −
2 x
3 sin( 2 − x ) 1 sin( 2 − x )
∫ x
dx = 3(−2) −
2 ∫x
dx = −6 u ′ sin udx ∫
= 6 cos u + c = 6 cos(2 − x ) + c.
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
cos(3 + 5 ln 9 x)
2) ∫ 7x
dx
5
u = 3 + 5 ln 9 x ⇒ u ′ =
x
cos(3 + 5 ln 9 x) 11 5
∫ 7x
dx =
57 x ∫
cos(3 + 5 ln 9 x)dx
1 1 1
=
35 ∫
u ′ cos u dx = sin u + c = sin(3 + 5 ln 9 x) + c
35 35
∫
3) cos 6 x cos( 9 + 4 sin 6 x) dx.
u = 9 + 4 sin 6 x ⇒ u ′ = 24 cos 6 x
1
∫ cos 6 x cos( 9 + 4 sin 6 x) dx =
24 ∫
24 cos 6 x cos(9 + 4 sin 6 x) dx
1
= sin( 9 + 4 sin 6 x) + c
24
⎛ 4 ⎞
tan⎜ 5 − ⎟
⎝ x⎠
4) ∫ x 3
dx
1 1 3
− 4 − −1 − 2
u = 5 − 4x 2 ⇒ u′ = x 2 = 2 x 2 =
2 x3
⎛ 4 ⎞
tan⎜ 5 − ⎟
⎝ x⎠ 1 2 ⎛ 4 ⎞ 1
∫ x3
dx =
2 ∫ x3
tan⎜ 5 −
⎝
⎟
x⎠ 2 ∫
dx = u ′ tan u dx =
1 1 ⎛ 4 ⎞
= ln sec u + c = ln sec⎜ 5 − ⎟ +c
2 2 ⎝ x⎠
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
WאאאW
∫
1) cos 3 xsin xdx ∫
8) tan 3 5 x sec 2 5 x dx cos t
15)
t ∫dt
2)
1
∫ x sin xdx ∫
9) sin 3θ sec 2 cos 3θ dθ 16)
sec x tan x
∫
(3 + 2 sec x) 2
dx
3) ∫ (1 + sin t ) cos tdt 10) (1 − cos x ) sin xdx cos x − sin x
∫
2 3
17) ∫
(sin x + cos x) 3
dx
4) ∫ x cos (3 x )dx sec 2 x
2 1
11) (1 − sin 2ϑ ) cos 2ϑ dϑ 18)
∫ 3
∫
5 − tan x
dx
x + cos 2 x
∫
5) x 2 sec 2 x 3 dx ∫
12) x 7 tan(8 x 8 + 6)dx 19) ∫ 3
x 2 + sin 2 x
dx
∫
6) cos 3 2t sin 2t dt ∫
13) sin(7 − cos 3 x) sin 3 xdx 20) 3 cot t dt
∫
t
∫ ∫ ∫
2 2
7) cos 4θ 2 − sin 4θ dθ 14) te t sec(2 + e t ) tan( 2 + 21) (2 + tan 2 x) sec 2 xdx
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אאאאK٤
W١א
א (a ≠ 1) 1 a x א u א
:א
au
∫ u ′a dx = u
+c
ln a
WאאאW١١
1) ∫ 5 −3 x dx, ∫
2
2) x 6 2 x dx.
Wא
1 1 5 −3 x
∫ ∫
−3 x −3 x
1) 5 dx = − − 3 ( 5 )dx = − + c.
3 3 ln 5
2
1 1 62x
∫ ∫
2 x2 2
2) x 6 dx = 4 x 6 2 x dx = +c
4 4 ln 6
W٢א
:אא x א u א
∫ u ′e u dx = e u + c.
WאאאW١٢
1) ( x − 1) e x
∫ 2) (cos x − 1) e sin x− x dx
∫
2
− 2 x +1
dx,
3)∫
ex
ex + 1
dx, ∫ (
4) xe x e x + 1 dx
2 2
)
7
Wא
1) ∫ ( x − 1) e x
2
− 2 x +1
dx :
u = x 2 − 2 x + 1 ⇒ u ′ = 2 x − 2 = 2( x − 1)
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
1 1 1 u
∫ (x − 1) e dx = ∫ 2(x − 1) e dx = ∫ u′ e dx = e + c
2 2
x − 2 x +1 x − 2 x +1 u
2 2 2
1 2
= e x −2 x+1 + c
2
2) (cos x − 1) e sin x − x dx :
∫
u = sin x − x ⇒ u ′ = cos x − 1
∫ (cos x − 1) e sin x− x dx = ∫ u ′ e u dx = e u + c = e sin x− x + c
∫ ( )
1
ex −
3)∫ dx = e e + 1 x x 2 dx
ex + 1
u = e x + 1 ⇒ u′ = e x
1 1 1
e (e + 1)
1 −
−
∫ ∫
x x 2 dx = u ′u 2 dx = 2u 2 + c = 2( e x
+ 1) 2 + c = 2 ex + 1 + c
4) ∫ xe (e x2 x2
+ 1 dx )
7
2 2
u = e x + 1 ⇒ u ′ = 2 xe x
(e ) ( )
8
17 1u 1 1 x2 8
∫ xe ∫
x2 x2
+ 1 dx = u ′u 7 dx = + c = u8 + c = e +1 + c
2 28 16 16
WאאאW
(
1) ∫ e − x + cos 2 x + 1 dx ) ∫
6) e1+cos x sin xdx (
11) ∫ e 2 x sec e 2 x − 1 dx )
2) ∫ 2e 2 x+cos x (2 − sin x )dx
∫
2 2x
5−
x 2 12) 5e 2 x e1+e dx
e
7) ∫ x3
dx
e 3+ln 2 x
∫
3) sec x tan x e 5+ 2 sec x dx e 3− x
8) ∫ x
dx 13) ∫x
dx
1
e1+ x −1 1113+csc 2 x
4) ∫
ex
2
dx
9) ∫
x −1
dx 14) ∫
sin 2 x tan 2 x
dx
x
5) ∫ 32 x e 5−3 dx ∫ ∫
2x
10) (e − x + e x ) 2 dx 15) 21+cot 5t csc 2 5tdt
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אK٥
∫ xsin x dx ∫ sin xe − x dx
אאא
אאא
אK١{٥
d (uv ) = vdu + udv אא
uv = ∫ vdu + ∫ udv Wא
א
∫ udv = uv − ∫ vdu
∫ אvdu א ∫ udv א א א
u, dv אאא
Wאאאאא
∫ x sin xdx W١٣
אאא אאא
u = x ⇒ du = dx
dv = sin x dx ⇒ v = −cos x
∫ ∫
x sin x dx = − x cos x + cos x dx
= − x cos x + sin x + c
∫ xe x dx WאW١٤
Wא
Kא،
W
u = x ⇒ du = dx
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
dv = e x dx ⇒ v = e x
∫ udv = uv − ∫ vdu Wא
∫ xe x dx = xe x − ∫ e x dx
= xe x − e x + c = e x (x − 1) + c
∫ ln x dx WאאW١٥
Wא
∫ ln x dx
אא
1
u = ln x ⇒ du = dx
x
dv = dx ⇒ v = x
∫ udv = vu − ∫ vdu א
1
∫ ln xdx = x ln x − ∫ x dx = x ln x − ∫ dx
x
= x ln x − x + c = x(ln x − 1) + c
WאאאW١٦
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫
3
1) x 2 ln x dx, 2) x 3 sin( 2 x 2 )dx, 3) x 5 e x dx, 4) sin 2 xdx
Wא
1) ∫ x 2 ln x dx :
1
u = ln x ⇒ du = dx
x
x3
dv = x dx ⇒ v =
2
3
א
x3 x3 1
∫ ∫
2
x ln xdx = ln x − × dx
3 3 x
x3 1 x3 x3 1 3
= ln x − + c = ln x − x + c
3 3 3 3 9
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
2) ∫ x 3 sin(2 x 2 )dx :
u = x 2 ⇒ du = 2 xdx
1
dv = x sin(2 x 2 )dx ⇒ v = − cos(2 x 2 )
4
Wא
1 1 1 2 1
∫ x 3 sin(2 x 2 )dx = − x 2 cos(2 x 2 ) + ∫ x cos( 2 x 2
) dx = − x cos( 2 x 2
) + sin( 2 x 2 ) + c
4 2 4 8
3) ∫ x 5 e x dx :
3
1 3 3
du = 3x 2 dx, v = e x u = x 3 , dv = x 2 e x dx
3
1 1 1 1
∫ x 5 e x dx = x 3e x − ∫ x 2 e x dx = x 3e x − e x + c = ( x 3 − 1)e x + c W
3 3 3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
4) ∫ sin 2 xdx :
∫ sin 2 xdx = ∫ sin x sin xdx
W
u = sin x ⇒ du = cos xdx
du = sin xdx ⇒ v = − cos x
∫ udv = vu − ∫ vdu א
∫ sin 2 xdx = − sin x cos x + ∫ cos 2 xdx
sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 1 ⇒ cos 2 x = 1 − sin 2 x
∫ sin 2 dx = − sin x cos x + ∫ (1 − sin 2 x )dx
= − sin x cos x + ∫ dx − ∫ sin 2 xdx
∫ ∫
⇒ sin 2 xdx = − sin x cos x + x − sin 2 xdx
⇒ ∫ sin xdx + ∫ sin xdx = − sin x cos x + x + c
2 2
⇒ 2 ∫ sin xdx = − sin x cos x + x + c
2
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
1 1 1 1
∫ sin 2 xdx = − sin x cos x + x + c = − sin 2 x + x + c
2 2 4 2
WאאאW
1) ∫ cos 2 xdx 4) ∫ x x + 4dx
∫
7) x( x + 5) −10 dx
2) ∫ ln(5 x + 3)dx 5) ∫ xe 1−3 x
dx 8) ∫ x 2 e x dx
3) ∫ xe −3 x dx 6) ∫ x sec x tan xdx
∫
9) x 2 cos(5 x 2 )dx
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אאK٦
f ( x)
x א g (x) f (x) אא F ( x) = אא
g ( x)
x − 1 − 2 x + 1 x( x + 1) 1
א , , , Wאאא W١٧
x 2 + 1 x 2 + 1 x 3 + 1 x( x 2 + 1)
ln x sin x + e x x − 2
א , , Wאאא
x x2 x3
א F (x) g (x) f (x) א
א
x3 − 1 x +1
2 =x− 2
x +1 x +1
Wא E F א
Ax + B A
א א ax 2 + bx + c 2
(ax + bx + c) k (x − r)k
EFאאא
Wאא
א g (x) x א g ( x), f ( x) א
r1 ≠ r2 ≠ r3 ≠ ... ≠ rn g ( x) = ( x + r1 )( x + r2 )( x + r3 ).....( x + rn )
f ( x)
אKא F ( x) = א
g ( x)
f ( x) A A2 A3 A
Kא A1 , A2 ,..., An = 1 + + + ..... n
g ( x) x + r1 x + r2 x + r3 x + rn
2x + 1
∫ dx אW١٨
x2 − 4
Wא
אאאאא
W A1 , A2 א
2x + 1 2x + 1 A1 A2
א A1 , A2 = = + (1)
x 2 − 4 ( x − 2)( x + 2) x − 2 x + 2
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
Kא
2 x + 1 A1 ( x + 2) + A2 ( x − 2)
=
x2 − 4 x2 − 4
x 2 − 4 א
2 x + 1 = A1 ( x + 2) + A2 ( x − 2)
x א
2(− 2) + 1 = A1 (− 2 + 2) + A2 (− 2 − 2) x = −2
3
− 3 = −4 A2 ⇒ A2 =
4
2(2) + 1 = A1 (2 + 2) + A2 (2 − 2) x = 2
5
5 = 4 A1 ⇒ A1 =
4
E1Fא A1 , A2
2x + 1 5 1 3 1
= +
x −4 4 x−2 4x+2
2
2x + 1 5 1 3 1
∫ 2 dx = ∫ dx + ∫ dx
x −4 4 x−2 4 x+2
5 3
= ln x − 2 + ln x + 2 + c
4 4
Wאא
א g (x) x א f ( x), g ( x) א
n ∈ Ν g ( x) = ( x + r )n
f ( x)
אKא F ( x) =
g ( x)
f ( x) A1 A2 An−1 An
א A1 , A2 ,..., An = + + ... +
g ( x) ( x + r ) ( x + r )2
(x + r )n−1 (x + r )n
x−2
∫ dx אאW١٩
( x + 1) 3
Wא
אאאאא
W A1 , A2 , A3 אא
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
x−2 A1 A2 A3
א A1 , A2 , A3 = + + (2)
( x + 1) 3 x + 1 ( x + 1)2 ( x + 1)3
א
A ( x + 1) + A2 ( x + 1) + A3
2
x−2
= 1
( x + 1) 3
(x + 1)3
( x + 1)3 א
x − 2 = A1 ( x + 1)2 + A2 ( x + 1) + A3
x א
A3 = −3 − 1 − 2 = 0 + 0 + A3 x = −1
− 2 = A1 + A2 + A3 x = 0
− 2 = A1 + A2 − 3 ⇒ A2 = 1 − A1
1 − 2 = A1 (2)2 + A2 (2) + A3 x = 1
− 1 = 4 A1 + 2 A2 − 3 ⇒ −1 = 4 A1 + 2(1 − A1 ) − 3
A2 = 1 − A1
− 1 = 4 A1 + 2 − 2 A1 − 3 ⇒ 2 A1 = −1 + 1 = 0 ⇒ A1 = 0
0 = 1 − A2 ⇒ A2 = 1
(2) א A1 , A2 , A3
x−2 1 3
= −
(x + 1) 3
(x + 1) 2
(x + 1)3
x−2 1 1
∫ 3
dx = ∫ 2
dx − 3∫ dx .
( x + 1) ( x + 1) ( x + 1) 3
3
= −( x + 1) −1 + ( x + 1) −2 + c.
2
WאאאאאW
3x − 1
∫ 2
dx אW٢٠
( x − 1)( x − 1)
Wא
3x − 1
2
א
( x − 1)( x − 1)
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
W A1 , A2 , A3
3x − 1 A A A3
א A1 , A2 , A3 = 1 + 2 + (3)
( x + 1)( x − 1) 2
x + 1 x − 1 ( x − 1) 2
אאאא
Kא
3x − 1 A1 ( x − 1) 2 + A2 ( x + 1)( x − 1) + A3 ( x + 1)
2 =
( x − 1)( x − 1) ( x 2 − 1)( x − 1).
( x 2 − 1)( x − 1) א
3x − 1 = A1 ( x − 1) 2 + A2 ( x + 1)( x − 1) + A3 ( x + 1)
3(1) − 1 = A1 (1 − 1) 2 + A2 (1 + 1)(1 − 1) + A3 (1 + 1) x = 1
2 = 2 A3 ⇒ A3 = 1
3(−1) − 1 = A1 (−1 − 1) 2 + A2 (−1 + 1)(−1 − 1) + A3 (−1 + 1) x = −1
− 4 = 4 A1 ⇒ A1 = −1
3(0) − 1 = A1 (0 − 1) 2 + A2 (0 + 1)(0 − 1) + A3 (0 + 1) x = 0
− 1 = A1 − A2 + A3 ⇒ A2 = A1 + A3 + 1 = 1
(3) א A1 , A2 , A3
3x − 1 1 1 1
= − + +
( x 2 − 1)( x − 1) x + 1 x − 1 ( x − 1) 2
3x − 1 1 1 1
∫ 2
( x − 1)( x − 1)
dx = − ∫
x +1
dx + ∫
x −1
dx + ∫
( x − 1) 2
dx
x −1 1
= − ln x + 1 + ln x − 1 − ( x − 1) −1 + c = ln − +c
x +1 x −1
אאאW
x2 + 1 3 xdx 2t 2 − 4
1) ∫
x( x 2 − 1)
dx 4) ∫ ( x − 1)( x − 2)( x − 3)
7) ∫
(t + 1)(t − 2)(t − 3)
dt
x+3 2x2 + 3 t −5
2) 2 ∫
x − 3x + 2
dx 5) 2 ∫
x ( x − 1)
dx 8) 2∫
t + 6t + 5
dt
dx x2 3t + 7
3) 2 ∫
x − 16
6) ∫
( x − 1) 2 ( x + 1)
dx 9) 2∫
t − 2t − 3
dt
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אאKWאא
אאאK١
א F (x) [a, b] אא f (x) אא
Wאא f (x)
b b
∫ f ( x)dx = F ( x) = F (b) − F (a)
a a
2
∫ xdx. אאאW١
1
Wא
2
x2 2 2 2 12 4 1 3
1
∫
xdx =
2 1
=
2
− = − = .
2 2 2 2
3
∫ ( x 3 − 4 x + 1)dx. אאאW٢
0
Wא
3
⎛ x4 4x2 ⎞3
∫ ( x − 4 x + 1)dx = ⎜ 4 − 2 + x ⎟⎟ 0
⎜
3
0 ⎝ ⎠
⎛ 34 4 × 32 ⎞
= ⎜⎜ − + 3 ⎟⎟ − (0 − 0 + 0)
⎝ 4 2 ⎠
81 81 81 − 60 21 1
= − 18 + 3 = − 15 = = =5
4 4 4 4 4
π
2
∫ cosθ dθ . אאאW٣
0
Wא
π π
2 2 π
∫ cosθ dθ = sin θ = sin − sin 0 = 1.
0 2 0
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
WאאאK٢{١
W a ≤ x ≤ b אא g (x) f (x) א
a
∫ f ( x)dx = 0 E١
a
b a
∫ f ( x)dx = − ∫ f ( x)dx E٢
a b
b c b
∫ f ( x)dx = ∫ f ( x)dx + ∫ f ( x)dx a ≤ c ≤ b אE٣
a a c
2
∫ x אאאW٤
−1
⎧ x , آﺎﻧﺖ إذا x≥0
x=⎨ Wא
⎩− x, آﺎﻧﺖ إذا x < 0.
2 0 2
x2 0 x2 2 1 4 5
∫
−1 −1
∫
x dx = − xdx + xdx. = −
0
2 ∫ −1
+
2 0
=0+ + − 0 = .
2 2 2
Wא אאאW
2 1 π
2
∫ ∫
2 2 3
1) x 4 − x dx 5) x 2 − x dx
0 −1
∫
9) (1 + cos x)dx
−π
2
2 3 1
⎧2 x , x ≤ 1 x
∫
2) (2 − 4 x)dx
0
∫
6) f ( x), ﺣﻴﺚ
0
f ( x) = ⎨
⎩2, x > 1
10) ∫
0
x +1
dx
2 2 2
⎧3, x ≤ 0
∫
3) 2 x − 3 dx
−1
∫
7) f ( x)dx, ﺣﻴﺚ
−2
f ( x) = ⎨
⎩ x + 3, x > 0 −1
∫
11) x 9 − x 2 dx
3 4 2 2
x2 − 2 x +1
∫ ∫ ∫
3
4) 2
dx 8) dx 12) ( x − 1) 3 x 2 dx
2
x 1
x 0
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אאK٢
אאאא
אא
אאאאK١{٢
[a , b] א y = f (x) אא
א A א [a , b] א x f ( x) ≥ 0 א E١
Wא a, b אאאאא
b
A = ∫ f ( x)dx.
a
K x = 3 x = 1 אאא y = x 2 אאאאW٥
Wא
A א x f ( x) ≥ 0
3
x3 3 x3 3 27 1 26
∫
Square units A = x dx =
2
= = − =
1
3 1 3 1 3 3 3
א A א [a , b] א x f ( x) ≤ 0 א E٢
Wא a, b אאאאא
b
A = ∫ f ( x)dx.
a
x = 2 x = −2 אאא y = − x 2 אאאאW٦
- ٨٥ -
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
Wא
W A א x f ( x) = − x 2 ≤ 0
2 2
x3 2 3 (−2) 3 16 16
∫ ∫ − x dx = − = − = Square units
2
A= f ( x)dx = =− +
−2 −2
3 3 3 3 3
א x f ( x) ≥ 0 a < c < b b a א c א E٣
אאא A א [c , b] א x f ( x) ≤ 0 [a , c]
Wא a, b אאא
c b
A = ∫ f ( x)dx + ∫ f ( x)dx
a c
x f ( x) ≤ 0 a < c < b b a א c א E٤
א A א [c , b] א x f ( x) ≥ 0 [a , c ] א
Wא a, b אאאאא
c b
A = ∫ f ( x)dx + ∫ f ( x)dx
a c
x = 2 x = −2 אאא y = x 3 אאאאW٧
Wא
f ( x) = x 3 ≤ 0 [0,2] א x f ( x) = x 3 ≥ 0
A א [− 2,0] א x
0 2
x4 0 x4 2 16 16
A = ∫ x dx + ∫ x dx. =
3 3
+ =− + = 4 + 4 = 8 Square units
−2 0
4 −2 4 0 4 4
x = −3 אאא y = − x 3 אאאאW٨
x=2
Wא
f ( x) = − x 3 ≤ 0 [− 3,0] א x f ( x) = − x 3 ≥ 0
A א [0, 2] א x
0 2
x4 0 − x4 2 81 16 81 16 97
A = ∫ − x dx + ∫ − x dx = −
3 3
+ = +− = + = Square units
−3 0
4 −3 4 0 4 4 4 4 4
- ٨٦ -
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
אא f ( x) = x 2 − 6 x + 8 אאאאאאW٢٩
Kאאא
Wא
Wא f ( x) = 0 אאאאא
x 2 − 6x + 8 = 0
x − 6 x + 8 = 0 ⇔ ( x − 2)( x − 4) = 0 ⇔ x = 2 x = 4
2
אא x = 4 x = 2 אאא
Wאא
x −∞ 2 4 ∞
x−2 - + +
x−4 - - +
f ( x) = ( x − 2)( x − 4) + - +
A א [2, 4] א x f ( x) ≤ 0
4
⎛ x3 6x 2 ⎞4 ⎛ 43 ⎞ ⎛ 23 ⎞
∫( )
x − 6 x + 8 dx = ⎜⎜ − + 8 x ⎟⎟ = ⎜⎜ − 3(4) + 8(4) ⎟⎟ − ⎜⎜ − 3(2) 2 + 8(2) ⎟⎟
2 2
A=
2 ⎝ 3 2 ⎠2 ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠
⎛ 64 ⎞ ⎛8 ⎞ 64 − 48 8 + 12 16 20 4 4
= ⎜ − 48 + 32 ⎟ − ⎜ − 12 + 16 ⎟ = − = − = − = Square units
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝3 ⎠ 3 3 3 3 3 3
W
K x = 3 x = 2 א y = x 2 + 1 אאאאW١
K x = 2 x = −1 א y = 2x 2 אאאאW٢
x = −2 א y = ( x + 2)( x 2 − 2 x − 3) אאאאW٣
K x = 1
K x = 0 x = −1 א y = 3x אאאאW٤
- ٨٧ -
אא ١١٤ א
א א،،א
א y = 2( x + 4)( x 2 − 2 x − 3) אאאאW٥
K x = 3 x = −5
3π
x = K x = 0 א y = sin x אאאאW٦
2
א אy = −2 x 2 + 4 x + 30 אאאאאאאW٧
Kאאא
- ٨٨ -
You might also like
- Shoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of NikeFrom EverandShoe Dog: A Memoir by the Creator of NikeRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (537)
- The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeFrom EverandThe Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck: A Counterintuitive Approach to Living a Good LifeRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (5795)
- Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space RaceFrom EverandHidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space RaceRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (895)
- The Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)From EverandThe Yellow House: A Memoir (2019 National Book Award Winner)Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (98)
- Grit: The Power of Passion and PerseveranceFrom EverandGrit: The Power of Passion and PerseveranceRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (588)
- The Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy LivingFrom EverandThe Little Book of Hygge: Danish Secrets to Happy LivingRating: 3.5 out of 5 stars3.5/5 (400)
- The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of CancerFrom EverandThe Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of CancerRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (271)
- Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On ItFrom EverandNever Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On ItRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (838)
- The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first CenturyFrom EverandThe World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first CenturyRating: 3.5 out of 5 stars3.5/5 (2259)
- On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New DealFrom EverandOn Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New DealRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (74)
- Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic FutureFrom EverandElon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic FutureRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (474)
- A Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True StoryFrom EverandA Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering Genius: A Memoir Based on a True StoryRating: 3.5 out of 5 stars3.5/5 (231)
- Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham LincolnFrom EverandTeam of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham LincolnRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (234)
- Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New AmericaFrom EverandDevil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New AmericaRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (266)
- The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy AnswersFrom EverandThe Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy AnswersRating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (345)
- The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New AmericaFrom EverandThe Unwinding: An Inner History of the New AmericaRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (45)
- The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You AreFrom EverandThe Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You're Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You AreRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (1090)
- The Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)From EverandThe Sympathizer: A Novel (Pulitzer Prize for Fiction)Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars4.5/5 (121)
- Her Body and Other Parties: StoriesFrom EverandHer Body and Other Parties: StoriesRating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5 (821)
