Academic English Skills Coursework 1: Source Report

Name: Azka Waseem Class: Date: 11 march 2020

Essay title or question:

Title:
justice to victims Discuss the benefits and limitations of restorative justice for victims of crime. Are there any
criminal and /or political barriers to extending the opportunity for restorative of all types of offence?

Plan for overall structure of essay:

Plan for overall structure

Introduction The restorative justice incentives and pitfalls for victims of crime. Is there any statutory and/or
political obstacles to expanding the incentive for all forms of crimes to be restored?
P1. What is restorative justice system?
P2. What type of victims can avail this opportunity of justice?
P3. Benefits of restorative justice and its implications on the victims.
P4. Limitations of restorative justice and its implications on the victims.
P5. Political barriers to extending the opportunity for restorative justice to victims of all types of offence.
Conclusion

Part 1: Annotated List of Sources

Select TWO sources you have read and plan to use in your essay and complete the table below outlining:

 why the text is useful for your essay

 how you found the source.

You will focus on three different sources in part 2. Include a reference in the following format:

Books / chapters of books:

Surname, I. and Surname, I. (Year) Title of the book Place of Publication: Publisher
Surname, I. (Year) ‘Chapter of the book’ In: I. Surname & I. Surname (Eds) Title of the book Place of Publication:
Publisher pp.1 - 18

Journal articles (print/ online)

Surname, I. (Year) ‘The Title of the Article’ The Name of the Journal 1 (1), pp. 1- 18

Reports / articles online

Surname, I. (Year) ‘The Title of the Article or Report’ [Online] The Name of the Organisation or website. Available
at:
url [Last Accessed 23.07.19]
 Lectures / talks
Surname, I. (Year) ‘The Title of the Lecture or Talk’ [Online] TED Available at: url [Last Accessed 23.07.19]

Note that you should summarise and paraphrase key information in the text in order to demonstrate that you have
understood the sources. You may use bullet points. You are not marked for your language accuracy, but you will be
penalised for copying text from the source.

Type of source: Reference

Book Walklate,S (2011) Criminology the basics, 2nd Edition , Abingdon England

This source is relevant because...

It is dealing with all aspects of the topic which includes, criminals ,victims, and justice. Chapter 1 focuses on the
term criminology and a thorough idea about how psychology and sociology affects the criminals mind.

I found this source by…

Using the University library by looking for books related to criminology.

Source 1
Source 2

Type of source: Reference

Book Maguire,M; Morgan,R ; Reiner,R (2002) The Oxford Handbookn of
Criminology, 3rd Edition, Oxford [England] : Oxford University Press

This source is relevant because...

In part 3 of this book it offers a brief layout of the rise of restorative justice, history of restorative justice and
how restorative justice is used for the victims.

I found this source by…

Using the university library by looking for the criminology, law, and justice section.
Part 2: Source Report

Complete the source report for THREE more sources you have read. Include:

 The reference
 How you have identified the source as suitable for academic use
 Three main points from the text which are useful for your essay, including the supporting information for
each idea or argument.
 The section of your essay the information will be useful for – make sure each source covers a different
aspect of your essay
 Conclusions you have drawn from your reading

Source 3
Reference:

Cornwell,D.J (2007) Doing Justice Better THE POLITICS OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE, Water
Side Press Winchester, United Kingdom

Source Evaluation
Currency The book was published in 2007. This book has been reviewed by an extensive range of
When was the text professionals related with criminal justice.
published? Are the
citations and
references used in
the text current?
Authority David Cornwell is a criminologist and former prison governor with extensive
Who is the author / experience of criminal practice in a number of countries worldwide. His first
book, Criminal Punishment and Restorative Justice, was published by
organisation? Are
Waterside Press in 2006
they qualified? Is
the source peer-
reviewed?
Accuracy This book provides a compelling case for restorative justice, and policymakers and
Where does the professionals alike should be listening to it. It remains to be seen whether either has the
information in the courage to take this way of thinking.
article come from?
Are academic
conventions used?
Which point will the information and arguments from the text be used to support or explain?
As restorative justice is practiced in some countries and helps reduce the crime rate. This might motivate people
to use this system.

Relevant points from the text
Cornwell points out that economic justice is
not the same as that which does not
challenge the status quo. He does not
argue that it should replace traditional
justice, unlike some advocates of
restorative justice, but it should help keep
the punishment to a minimum.
Supporting evidence / example/ data in the text
Prisons are pathogenic, a high-cost, low-reward misery technique
that makes many people routine-dependent and self-centered; '
penal instrumentalism ' (using punishment for reasons other than
punishment, such as general dissuasion) is unreasonable, because it
is excessive.

Deterrence is nothing more than folk-
knowledge. Cornwell distinguishes reform
(a boost in morale) from recovery (help
that can be embraced more readily if there
is a desire to reform
Robert Martinson, eventually backtracked. Incapacitation just buys
time, very expensively; and the ex-governor is in a good position to
say that ' prisons do not reduce crime, and may actually increase it. '

Restorative justice has been practised in It shifts power from state to society (he might have said, without
New Zealand for almost two decades, and opening the door to vigilance); it creates a mediated response from
Judge Fred McElrea outlines its aims, which the group, and involves victims as key participants.
include caring for the needs of the victim,
keeping the perpetrator responsible,
interventions like community work or
curfews, but not punishment on his own
behalf.

Source 4
Reference:Muncie.J, Wilson.D (2004) Student Handbook of Criminal Justice and Criminology.
Source Evaluation
Currency This book was published in 2004. It reviews about how the criminal system is transferring
When was the text to more crime controlled system using restorative justice system. Some of the citations
published? Are the used are old due to the laws implemented a long time ago which are still on going.
citations and
references used in
the text current?
Authority This book was written by John Muncie and David Wilson. John Muncie is a professor of
Who is the author / criminology open university and David is a professor at university of central
organisation? Are England,Birmingham.
they qualified? Is
the source peer-
reviewed?
Accuracy The book uses other scholarly and criminal studies to provide for their arguments, using
Where does the fitting conventions and style throughout. It focuses on media, Islam, gender, and politics
information in the perceptions of crimes and conflict resolutions.
article come from?
Are academic
conventions used?
Which point will the information and arguments from the text be used to support or explain?
This sees crime not as a breach of an abstract law but as an interpersonal injury, which in turn creates the
offender's responsibilities towards the victim of the crime.

Relevant points from the text Supporting evidence / example/ data in the text
In criminal cases, victims will testify about The criminals have the opportunity to make clear reimbursement to
the effect of the crime on their life, get the victim which might reduce the level of crime.
answers to questions about the incident,
and be interested in keeping the
perpetrator responsible. In the meantime,
victims will tell their storey about why the
crime happened and how it affected their
lives.
Source 5
Reference:8): Clark, Karen L. "A Call for Restorative Justice in Higher Education Judicial Affairs." College
Student Journal 48.4 (2014): 707-715. Web.

Source Evaluation
Currency The text was published in 2014. Allena, T. (2004). Restorative conferences:
When was the text Developing student responsibility by repairing the harm to victims
published? Are the and restoring the university community. In D.R. Karp & T. Aliena
citations and (Eds.), Restorative justice on the college campus: Promoting
references used in student growth and responsibility and reawakening the spirit of
the text current?
campus community (pp. 48-60). Springfield, IL: Charles. C.
Authority This source has a lot of reserarchers research which makes it reliable. Clark, Karen L. is
Who is the author / the author of this journal.
organisation? Are
they qualified? Is
the source peer-
reviewed?
Accuracy This paper shows the advantages of restorative learning to the campus community, to
Where does the male hegemonic culture and to the advancement of students.
information in the
article come from?
Are academic
conventions used?
Which point will the information and arguments from the text be used to support or explain?

Relevant points from the text Supporting evidence / example/ data in the text
This article argues that restorative justice is
a legitimate disciplinary scheme for judicial
matters relating to higher education.
Firstly, this argument defines restorative Meagher (2009) noted that on their campuses only 8 per cent of
justice as compared to traditional colleges and universities had any type of restorative programme.
frameworks. Next, in light of the purpose of Though numbers are increasing, it was a slow process (Lipka,
most organisations, it discusses the 2009).
justification for restorative training being a
perfect fit.

An example ofr how restorative justice Karp (2013) began his treatise in The Little Book of Restorative
works. Justice for Colleges and Universities by explaining "The Story of
the Spirit Horse" (p. 3). He mentioned in the storey an actual
situation in which a student of the Skidmore College, where Dr.
Karp worked as Associate Dean of Student Affairs, stole a statue,
"Spirit Horse," from a local antique shop.

Conclusions drawn from your reading

I agree that this approach is highly effective, as restorative justice Programme, which are called "restorative,"
do not necessarily preserve a goal of regeneration. That is, it is likely that the procedures and outcomes may
not be restorative. Of example, in order to force further punishment on the defendant, restitution may be
applied to incarceration; restitution would not serve restorative purposes but retributive ones. A procedure
may also not be applied in a restorative manner.
You will be given a tutorial following submission of the assessment. In the tutorial, you will be asked to:

 Show your tutor how you found your sources

 Talk your tutor through what you think are the useful parts of the sources

You will also be given opportunity to:

 Ask any questions you have on the assessment

 Get feedback on the work you have done so far

This assessment is worth 40% of your reading mark. The mark you are awarded for Evidence of Subject Knowledge
may be amended based on your tutorial discussion.