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w γ ∀
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,- 6. # ] b DQ &. I + Y c * : , - .

P1 / ( ρ g ) +V A 2 / ( 2g ) + Z 1 = P2 / ( ρ g ) +V B 2 / ( 2g ) + Z 2 + ∆H 1 − 2
2-0

: .

.< *# + : P/(ρg)

.< @: + : V2/(2g)

.< 4 P + :Z

.< !. + : P/(ρg)+V2/(2g)+Z

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2
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9 < I. - 7 e @N C j (# $ # # PB/ρg PA/ρg .

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W] D c J" ] - - ! / : 4 5 6 78

e @N . - 1 ! - 51 W] - V-'( . K J" )

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&N p / & 4 ∆H Y- . 6 )F E BY / ,- #

' ( & I j (# T\ ) . ) - - T\ ) H q; ' ( +

. D (#
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+ D ^# # - f & p - (PE/ρg- PF/ρg) j(# T\ ) ) ∆HE-F + &N A

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10-0

E #6 # -<I& - ! - 20 F W] - !-5 E W] S N 7 .

: , &N Q D - - j (# T\ )

Q = Const . × ( hE − hF )
½
11-0

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- 1 ! - 21 ) W] 1 ! - 51 W] . 6 1 - ( 90

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. * @# ^ - W] 1; @ 9 7 J" / : ) "

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= I He @N .&N g V"@- & p = - # - &4 4

. ] - # &1

hW .u N 4- ]/ -# < . 6HI 9 .u N

:& 6 ) K < XWY-

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:& 6 ) < ,# W

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W F +W W
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&N A w ℓ< ? W v + &N f 4 & p& &1 - P K 1# A

; ] M 8- D 'P & & p + &N 74 T ? C &; +

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9 - # f . B "- j (# 6 Y 4- &:4 -# D 'P

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2g

.& 7 &N $ % K

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$ % @: + + &N # - hC hB hA / <I

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1
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) 7 < V# E 14] + &N # - @

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7 5! "- J" -# C . @- 7 p # . t\- .

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-2

? . 3 UB ( V ( 3 P + =%" %%R7

S+ 0 : @ 7 + F 7 W , ∆H 1−2 . 3 + 3

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-3
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Q " !" & 3 W: %%R7 ! > ! " 9( . 3

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Q = 2πR f lθv

. 3 * 7 %+ θ (3 W[ 7 + * 7 ; 1l

: F 3 W%9/7 ]* B, F )*"

F ? =? * . 3 F L*" %? F + ? - ) . *+

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@ ]*+ * , ( ? F (( aZ') %L *+ K' . 3

, K%L @ K' . %? F + 7 %L !4 * O%'

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26mm F f%3 , (cm)52x45 OZ

16mm *+ P , 26mm *+ g O ,

20mm K%L , 51mm $ $ ,

F 3 . * +
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a @ mm t
A B C D E F G

22 23. 22 19 21
1 22 22 99 86
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26 26. 23 23 22
2 23 20 118 70
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28 28. 24 25 24 2.
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@ !" %=Z7 Y A @
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. F dB

VA VB Qac Qt
Cd h
3
cm/s cm/s cm cm s

69.184
26.23 0.974 139.06 142.74 2.2cm

32.23 85 1.122 170.85 152.15 2.5cm

35.25 92.97 1.228 186.87 152.15 2.5cm

41.01 108.18 1.207 217.45 180.02 3.5cm

48.01
126.59 1.305 254.46 194.85 4.1cm

! " Cd %( B h7 F " [ K%L

Vcm/s Cd Qac Qt h
 cm cm

44.26 0.657 139.06 211.59 1.5

54.38 0.570 170.85 299.25 3

59.48 0.540 186.87 345.55 4

69.21 0.537 217.45 404.32 5.5

80.10 0.556 254.46 457.121 7

.Y B %? F + W " . ∆H 1−2 /4 !4 # %%R7 ([( -3

. %( " W " @ /(

PA VA2 PB VB2
+ = + + ∆H1−2
γ 2g γ 2g
 P P  V 2 V 2 
∆H1−2 =  A − B  +  A − B 
γ γ   2g 2g 

g=9.81m/s2=981cm/s2

∆H 1−2 VB2 VA2 VA VB

2g 2g
cm/s cm/s

2.2cm 2.4 0.3 26.2 69.184

3 5 3

2.5cm 3.6 0.5 32.2 85

8 2 3

2.5cm 4.4 0.6 35.2 92.97

 0 3 5

3.5cm 5.9 0.8 41.0 108.18

6 5 1

4.1cm 8.1 1.1 48.0 126.59

6 7 1

‫ر در ار س‬ ‫رات ا ت‬

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

! "# $

V2
∆H 1−2 V
2g

V2
2g
 1.5 0.99 44.26

3 1.50 54.38

4 1.80 59.48

5.5 2.44 69.21

7 3.27 80.10

‫ر‬ ‫رات ا ت‬

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
h

*4 ? F ? %+ i=*Z 1 d@ Z G%% 7 C $ (97 * (: .

3 . F L*" (" %' j4 3 k * SL[ F ! " 7

D+ (P (( W [7 (+ 7 :2 . 7 ]93 k * SL[ ; l . 3

] B+ .F 3d m 4 A %$ 7 F ^ 3 */% SL[ G

%? F + 6$ . 3 3 c, + n O . !2 " %3

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: %. & + [%[_7
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 [( P1 − P 2) / ρ ] + ( z1 − z 2 )g  2
qt = A2 2  : W * *+
 1 − ( A2 / A1) 2 

qac=Cdqt

%( F L*" W *+ 5 L7 !4 . %B d Z*+

. K%L !/' P K%L F L*" 3 +o ]* " 3

. ( + + (P %%R7

cm Head Cm3/S Q Lit/h Q

1.3 138.88 500

4.3 166.2 600

6 193.9 700

8 221.6 800

10.1 249.3 900