CHAPTER: 12

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION

TRUE FALSE TYPE
Typolog S. Statement True/False
y No.
U 1 Biopiracy is the commercial utilization of naturally occurring False
biochemical or genetic material.
R 2 Indian rice variety, rice was patent filed by USA company. True
U 3 Introducing gene for Ada at embryonic stage is temporary False
curve.
A 4 Gene therapy can be a corrective therapy for a person born True
with hereditary disease.
A 5 Pro hormone need not to be processed before it become a False
fully mature and functional
hormone.
R 6 PCR I s a powerful technique to identify genetic disorders. True
R 7 cryIab Controls cotton bouwoones. False
U 8 DSR n a gain entry into Eukaryotic cells through mobile True
genetic elements called transposons.
U 9 RNA acts as a cellular defence in Eukaryotic organisms. True
R 10 GM plants decrease the Nutritive value of vitamins and False
proteins.
U 11 The cry proteins are formed in inactive form during the life True
cycle of bacteria.
U 12 Introducing DNA only produces sense RNA is the host cell. False
A 13 Silencing of a gene is done in order to prevent translation of True
Mr in a.
A 14 Hormone after processing , removal of c peptide results in True
the formation of active insulin.
U 15 Insulin obtained from slaughtered pigs and cattle causes True
 allergy.
U 16 The acidic pH of solublilise the crystals. False
R 17 First step towards gene therapy includes culturing of False
monocytes outside the body.
U 18 EUSA is based on the principle of antigen antibody True
interaction.
R 19 GEAC stands for Genetic engineering approval centre. False
A 20 Transgenic animals are more sensitive to toxic substances True
and non transgenic animals due to the genes they carry.

Typolog S.No. Statement True/False

y
U, A 1 During RNA interface m RNA is silenced due to ss RNA. False

R 2 Retroviral vector is used to cure Ada by gene therapy. True

U,A 3 Adenosine demaninase enzyme is important to regulate the True
immune system of human beings .
A,U 4 BT toxin get activated in the gut of insects due to acidic PH. False
R 5 C-peptide is an extra stretch in non functional insulin. True
U,A 6 Downstream processing Technologies and used to purify the True
proteins and other products.
U,A 7 To protect cotton from cotton boloworms the toxic proteins True
encoded by the gene cry 2 AB is used.
R,A 8 The rNA method involves silencing of t RNA. True
U,A 9 Disulfied bonds are used to combine A chain and B chain False
during production of insulin.
R 10 Genetically modified organisms are made to study diseases True
and also to 2 chair vaccine safety.
A,C 11 Rosie is the small size rose produced by introducing genes to True
reduce the size of rose.
A 12 Probe is a single stranded RNA tossed by Radioactive False
molecule.
U 13 PCR is a technique used to amplify nucleic acid. True
R,A 14 Cry 1 AB controls cotton bollworms. True
R 15 In BT Cotton, B and T stands for bacteria and toxins False
 respectively.
A,E 16 RNA is a cellular defence mechanism in Eukaryotic cells. False
R,U 17 It could be a permanent cure if the the gene coding for True
U,A,E adenosine deaminase introduce in early embryonic stage. True
U,A 18 Meloidgene is an arthropod that infects the root of tobacco False
plants.
R 19 Transposons are mobile genetic elements. True

Typolog S. Statement True/False

y No.
U 1 Transgenic all genetically modified organisms have been produced True
by introducing foreign gene in the genome of the target organism.
A Crystal of BT toxin produced by some bacteria do not kill the False
2 bacteria themselves because bacteria are resistant to the toxin.
U 3 The milk produced by first transgenic cow contain alpha 1 False
antitrypsin and was nutritionally a more balance product for human
babies than natural cow milk.
R 4 ELISA is based on the principle of antigen antibody interaction. True
U 5 Genetic modification has made crops less tolerant to abiotic stress False
(drought, salt ,heat)
R 6 BT toxin is produced by a bacterium called agrobacterium False
tumefaciens.
U 7 Some strains of bacillus thuringienesis produces proteins That Kills True
insects such as lepidopterans , coleopterans and dipterans.
U 8 The protein encoded by cry IAC controls corn bores. False
A 9 At present about 30 Recombinant therapeutics have been approved False
for human use the world over. In India 10 of these are presently
being marketed.
U 10 Insulin used for diabetes was earlier extracted from pancreas of True
slaughtered cattle and pig.
U 11 C peptide is not present in the mature insulin. True
A&E 12 PCR Is not a useful tool for early diagnosis of an Infectious disease. False
A &E 13 Transgenic animals are used to study Normal physiology and True
 development.
U 14 Geac will make decisions regarding the validity of GM Research and True
the safety of introducing GM organisms for public services.
U 15 There are 37 documents varieties of Basmati are grown in India. False

U 16 By using agrobacterium vectors nematode specific genes were True

introduced to the host plant.
U 17 BT toxin protein exists as inactive protoxin and is converted into an True
active form due to the alkaline pH of the gut of the insect.
U 18 RNA interference takes place in all the prokaryotic organisms as a False
method of cellular defence.

R 1 Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio resources by True
9 multinational companies and other organisations without proper
authorisation from the countries and people concerned without
compensatory payment.
A 2 Most of the industrialized Nations are financially and rich in False
0 biodiversity and traditional knowledge.

Multiple Choice Questions

Answers
1. Genetic modification has-
I)help to reduce post harvest changes II)made crop less tolerant to abiotic stresses
III) reduced reliance on chemical pesticides IV)decreased nutritional value of food

[d]
a) only I & II b) all I,II,III & IV
c) only III is correct d)only I & II are correct
2.Insects like beetles and tobacco budworm are-
a)Diapterans& Coleopterans b) Lepidopterans& Coleopterans
c)Coleopterans &Lepidopterans d)Diapterans&Lepidopteran
[c]
3.Select the incorrect statement-
a) RNA I involves silencing of mRNA
b)RNA I prevents transation of mRNA
c)RNA I is the method of cellular defens in all prokaryotic organisms
d)source of complementary ds RNA is RNA I could be transpons.

[c]
4. Select the correct statement-
a) insulin from pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs caused allergy
b)insulin in mammals is synthesized as an active hormone
c)insulin in mammals only contain A & B peptide as a prohormone
d)C- peptide is present in mature hormone. [a]
5.For the given diagram of maturation of pro-insulin into insulin,select the correct option-
a) (I) A – peptide (ii)C –peptide (III)B- peptide
b)(I) B – peptide (ii)C –peptide (III)A- peptide
c)(I) C – peptide (ii)B –peptide (III)A- peptide
d)(I) A – peptide (ii)B –peptide (III)C- peptide [d]
6.Enzyme adenosine deaminase is crucial for-
a) nervous system to function
b)digestive system to function
c)immune system to function
d)circulatorysystem to function [c]
7.ELISA is based on the principle of-
a)antigen antigen interaction
b)antigen antibody interaction
c)antibodyantibody interaction
d)none of these
[b]
8.Yiedls have partly increased during green revolution due to –
a) use of photochemicals
b)use of chemicals
c)useofagro-chemicals
d)all of the above [c]
9.BT toxin gene have been isolated from which organism-
a) a plant b)an animal
c)a human d) a bacteria [d]
10.GMO stands for-
a)genetically mutated organisms
b)genetically modified organisms
c)geneticallymodernorganisms
d)geneticallymodificational organisms
[b]
11.Golden rice is rich in –
a)vitamin- A b)vitamin-B
c)vitamin-K d)vitamin-D
[a]
12.Select the incorrect statementfrom the following-
a)bt toxin exist as protoxins
b)H is converted into active fornm due to acidic ph of insects gut
c)active toxin binds to surface of midgut epithelial cells
d)toxins cause swelling and lysis
[b]
13.Select the correct combination from the following-
a) Cry I AC & Cry I AB – control corn borer
b)Cry I AC & Cry II AB – control cotton borer
c)Cry I AC & Cry I AB – control corn bollworm
d)Cry I AC & Cry I AB – control corn bollworm
[b]
14.Transgenic animals can be used for the following-
I)study of diseases II)biological products
III) chemical safety testing IV)vaccine safety
Select the correct statement-
a) only I is correct b)only IV is correct
c)only I ,II & III is correct d)only I,II,III & IV is correct
[d]

15. GEAC stands for-

a)Genetic engineering approval corporation
b)Genetic engineering appraisal corporation
c)Genetic engineering approval commitee
d)Genetic engineering approval committee
[c]
16.Selact the correct statement-
a)Human insulin is made in yeast yet its structure is identical to natural molecule.
b)Human insulin is made in E. coli yet its structure is identical to natural molecule.
c)Human insulin is made in Bacillus thuringensis yet its structure is identical to natural
molecule.
d)none of these
[b]
17.The Indian parliament has already declared-------------------- of Indian patent bill which
consider emergency provision,research and development initiative-
a) I st amendment
b)II st amendment
c)III st amendment
d)IV st amendment
18.Which human protein is used to treat emphysema-
a)α –1-antitrypsin b)β-1 -antitrypsin
c)α –actalbumin d)α -–actalbumin [a]
19.ADA in human is produced in-
a) RBC ‘s b)bone marrow
c)monocytes d)lymphocytes
[d]
20.Out of the following which are GMO’s-
a)plants b)bacteria
c)fungi d)all of these
[d]
21.BT- toxin is encoded by a gene-
a)yrc b)cry
c)cyr d)none of these
[b]
22.Meloidegyneincognitiainfects---------------------- of tobacco plant-
a) leaves b)roots
c)stem d)flowers
[b]
23.The introduction of nematode specific genes produced-
a)only sense RNA in host cell
b)only anti-sense RNA in host cell
c)both sense and anti-sense RNA in host cell
d)donot produce any RNA in host cell
[c]
24.Pro-insulin means-
a)activated insulin
b)insulin for cattle and pigs
c)inactive insulin
d)containing only A & B chains
[c]
25.Gene therapy can be used in the case of-
a) bacterial diseases b)viraldiseases
c)hereditarydiseases d)fungal diseases
[c]
26.Enzyme replacement therapy means-
a)replacement of enzymes with some other enzymes
b)introduction of functional ADA by injection
c)both A & B
d)only A [b]
27.Genetor DNA is introduced in a cell at-
a)early foetal stages
b)late foetal stages
c)early embryonic stages
d)early embryonic stages [c]
28.Find the incorrect statement for PCR-
a)it stands for polymerase chain reaction
b)used to detect HIV in suspected AIDS paient
c)used to detect mutation in suspected cancer patient
d)based on antigen antibody interaction
[d]
29.Transgenic model are abvailable for many human diseases. For which of the following
disease such model exist-
a)cancer b)alzihmers
c)cystic fibrosis d)all A,B & C are correct
[d]
30.Human protein enriched milk was produced by which of the following transgenic –
a)cow b)sheep
c)goat d)none of these
[a]

1.Which of the following vitamin is present in rich amount in golden rice-

a)vitamin B b)vitamin A c)vitaminD d)vitamin [b]
2.In BT cotton B & T stands for-
a)Biotic and technology b)biotec and thyomine
c)Bacillus and technology d)Bacillus and Thuringensis
[d]
3.Which of the following is used to control cotton bollworm-
a) cry I Ac b)cry I AB
c)cry II Ab
a)only I b) only I & ii
c)only I and iii d)only iii
[c]
4. What infects the root of tobacco plant to cause reduction yield-
a)arthropod butterfly
b)nematodemeloidegyne
c)insect fly
d)protozoan amoeba
[b]
5.BT toxin in bacterium as-
a)inactive pretoxin
b)inactiveprotoxin
c)activepretoxin
d)inactiveprotoxin [b]
6.What kind of protein is found in BT crstals-
a) bacteriocidal b)insecticidal
c) fungicidal d)viral
[b]
7.Which of the following is not correct for RNA-
a)m-RNA is silenced by ds-RNA
b)m-RNA is silenced by ss-RNA
c)agrobacterium is used as vector
d)sense and antisense RNA are produced in host cell.
[b]
8.Corn borer can be controlled by-
a) cry II Ac b)cry II Ab
c)cry I Ac d)cry I Ab [d]
9. Out of the following which of the lepidopteran reduce the plant yield-
a) armyworm b)fly
c)beetles d)mosquitoe [a]

10.Actinated BT toxin binds to –

a) foregut epithelial cells
b)midgut endothelial cells
c)mid gutepithelial cells
d)fore gut epithelial cells [c]
11.Functional insulin contains the following chains of peptide-
a) a chain & b chain b)a chain & c chain
c)c chain & b chain d)a chain ,b chain & b chain
[a]
12. Adenosine deaminase is a(n)-
a)antibiotic b)hormone
c)enzyme d)aced
[c]
13.A mature insulin doesnot contain-
a)a chain b)c chain
c)b chain d)a & b chain
[c]
14.During the treatment of ADA deficiency, what kind offuctional DNA introduced to
lymphocytes-
a)ADA n DNA b)ADA a DNA
c)ADA b DNA d)ADA c DNA
[d]
15.ELISA stands for –
a) Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay
b)Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay
c)Enzyme linked immunoglobin sorbent assay
d)Enzyme linked immature sorbent assay
[a]
16.Principal involved in ELISA is-
a) antigen pathogen interaction b)antigen antibody interaction
c) antibody immunity interaction d)antibody cytoplasm interaction
[b]

17.Contentional method of diagnosis involves-

a) ELISA b)Serum analysis
c)PCR d)Molecular diagnosis
[b]
18.Which of the following can be used for early detection of disease-
a) PCR b)Serum analysis
c)Rdna TECHNOLOGY d)URINE ANALYSIS
a)(i)&(ii)
b)(ii) &(iii)
c)(iii) &(iv)
d)(i) &(iii) [d][I & iii]
19.What is a probe-
a)radioactively tagged antibody
b)radioactively tagged ds DNA
c)radioactively taggedds RNA
d)radioactively taggedds RNA
[D]
20. Out of the following which is not correct for ROSIE –
a) milk produced by rosie contains lact- albumin
b)milk produced by rosie contains alpha lact- albumin
c)first transgenic cow
d)milk produced by rosieis protein rich
[a]
21.Over 95% of existing transgenic animals are-
a) cows b)pigs
c) mice d)rabbits
[c]

22.GEAC stands for-

a) genetically engineering approval centre
b)genetically engineering approval commitee
c)genetically engineering applied centre
d)genetically engineering apes with vitamin c
[a]
23. The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating which disease-
a) diabetes mellitus b)emphysema
c) ADA deficiency d)rheumatoid arthritis
[c]
24.Which is not true for ADA gene therapy-
a)lymphocytes are taken from patients body
b)A retroviral vector is used to introduce ADA c DNA
c) ERYTHROCYTES ARE GROWN IN CULTURE MEDIUM
d)lymphocytes with ADA c DNA are transferred to the patients body
[c]
25.Choose the incorrect statement-
A) disulphide bond combine with chain a & chain b in insulin
B) c- peptide is an extra stretch in immature insulin
C) insulin is formed as prohormone in mammals
D)plasmids are not used to produce human insulin
[d]
26.For a permanent cure of ADA deficiency gene should be transferred at-
a) embryonic stage b)foetal stage
c)infant stage d)adult stage
[a]
27.Transgenic plants are developed by-
a)introducing gene mutation b)stopping spindle formation
c) deleting chromosome part d)introducing foreign gene
[d]

28.cry gene is obtained from-

a)E.coli b)B thuringensis
c)V cholera d)crystalline bacteria
[b]
29.What kind of ph is required to activate Bt toxin-
a)acidic b)alkaline
c)neutral d)both acidic & alkaline
[b]
30.Which is a coleopteran-
a)fly b)mosquito
c) budworm d)beetle [d]

1.C-peptide of human insulin is-

a) a part of mature insulin molecule b)responsible for the formation of disulphide
bridges
c) Removal during maturation of proinsulin to insulin d) responsible for its biological activity
[c]
2.The first clinical gene therapy was done for the treatment of-
a) AIDS b)CANCER
c)CYSTIC FIBROSIS d)SCD (severe combined immunodeficiency)
[d]
3.It is now possible to breed animals and plants with desired characteristic through-
a) genetic engineering b) chromosome engineering
c) bonsai technique d) gene mapping [a]
4.TRANSGENIC GOLDEN RICE IS ENRICHED WITH HIGH-
A)metionine B) lysine
C)vitamin C D) vitamin A [d]
5.Strains of bacillus thuringensis are used to produce-
a) bioinsecticidal plants b) biomineralisation
c) biometallurgical techniques d) fertilisers [a]
6.In BT cotton a transgenic plant BT refers to-
a) botanical b) Bcillusthuringensis
c) beta d) botany [b]
7.What is true for BT toxin-
a) the concerned Bacillus has antitoxins
b)The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut
c) BT proteins exist as active toxin in the Bacillus
d) Activated toxin enters ovaries of the pest and sterilise them
[b]
8.ADA deficiency can be permanently cured by-
a) Introducing bone marrow cell producing ADA at an early embryonic stage
b) Administering adenosine deaminase activators
c) Periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes having functional ADA c DNA
d) Enzyme replacement therapy [a]
9. Cry I ab& cry II ab produces toxins that controls-
a) cottonbollworm and corn borer respectively
b)corn borerand cotton bollworm respectively
c) Tobacco bud worms and nematodes respectively
d)corn borer and tobacco budworm respectively [a]
10.Maximum number of existing transgenic animal is of-
a) cow b)pig
c) fish d) mice [d]
11. The process of RNA interference has been used in development of plants resistant to-
a) White rust b) viruses
c) Nematodes d) fungi [c]
12.GEAC stands for-
a)Genetic engineering approval corporation
b)Genetic engineering appraisal corporation
c)Genetic engineering approval commitee
d)Genetic engineering approval committee [c]
13.α 1- antitrypsin is-
a) an antacid b)an enzyme
c) used to treat arthritis d) used to treat emphysema [d]
14.Aprotoxin is-
a) a primitive toxin
b) a denatured toxin
c) toxin produced by protozoa
d) inactive toxin [d]
15.The trigger for activation of toxin of BT is-
a) acidicph of stomach b) high temperature
c) alkaline pH of the gut d) mechanical action in the insect gut [c]
16.In RNA I gene are silenced using-
a)ss DNA b)ds DNA
c)ds RNA d)ss RNA [C]
17.Insect resistant transgenic cotton has been produced by inserting a piece of DNA from-
a) an insect b) a bacterium
c) a wild relative of cotton d) a virus [b]
18.Which of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants-
A) Meloidegyneincognitia b) Agrobacterium tumifaciens
c) Penicilliumnotatum d)Trichodermapolyspermum [b]
19.The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is-
a) Insulin b)estrogen
c) Trypsin d)thyroxine [a]
20.BT cotton is not
a) GM plant
b) insect resistant
c) a bacterial gene expressing system
d) resistant to all pesticides [d]
21.The full form of ADA is –
a) Adenosine deoxyaminase
b)Adenosine deaminase
c) Aspartate deaminase
d)Arginine deaminase [b]
22.A Probe which is a molecule used to locate specific sequences in a mixture of DNA & RNA
molecule could be-
a) A single stranded RNA
b)A single stranded DNA
c) eitherA single stranded DNA or RNA
d)can be a single stranded DNA but not A single stranded RNA [c]
23. Choose the correct option-
a) An RNA virus that can synthesise DNA during infection
b)A DNA virus that can synthesise RNA during infection
c)A single stranded DNA virus
d)A double stranded RNA virus [A]
24.Which of the following is not a GMO-
a) Golden rice b)BT cotton
c) BT corn d) rose [d]
25. Addition of foreign gene into a crop is-
a) Genetic engineering b) protoplasm fusion
c) Tissue culture d) immunisation [a]
26. Transgenic bacteria are being used to produce –
a) Epinephrine b) human insulin
c) Thyroxin d) cortisol [b]
27. Which of the following can not be patented-
a) GM plants b) new substance of utility
c) new species of plants d) wind energy [d]
28.Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing-
a) Transgenic model for studying new technology
b) animals like bull for farm work and have superpower
c) Transgenic cow rosie, which produce high fat milk
d) Transgenic mice for testing and safety of polio vaccine before use in humans [a]
29.Tobacco plant that is resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of
DNA that produces (in the host cell)-
a)both sense and antisense RNA
b)a particular hormone
c) anantifeedant
d) a toxic protein [a]
30.GM plants have –
a)less tolerance to abiotic stress
b) increased reliance on chemical pesticide
c) help to increase pest harvest losses
d)increased efficiency of mineral usages [d]