Caray REFRACTION. ‘The superposition of two coherent waves resulting in a Law ofteflection Zf= Zr paterferaingdarkandbigh fingsofeqal wth | law ofrefacion SAL «Poston ofbight rings q= 2D mw N\ can be explained by = + «# Position of dark fringes Huygens wave theory a «Fringe width B ADDITION OF COHERENT WAVE Je Resultantintensity n=l +l +2qflinfTpcos Forward moving | forbright fringes wavefront fir Ji? a0 | oe eerie ft tig we Se Se x oe + fe Forreflected Light Maxima — 2ut cos r= (2n-+ 1} Minima —> 2ht cos r= nh, ‘¢ Fortransmitied light Maxima» ut cos r= nh Minima —> 2 cos r= (2n+ 1) Shin ng pater B Buy 2 qv To UYGENS (c= thicknes ffm, j= Rl ofthe fm), JAVE THEORY Tia point on ware) Secondary Bae with ey ome i a wavelets narrow sit “> fe Singleslitexperiment Bird: Ar a) Nw (oieratepeae eres entree ote" rend Shin the fe Difiecion Mt) Ne > Angularpostion of n\ maxima, 0= 240 aS Oy. ke Uf | > Width ofcentral maximom B= Backrave (absent) f (With zero intensity) D4 Gand Ray opicsasalimitingcaseofwave optics # Difiractionatcicularaperture Linearspread, x=D0 |g _ 1222 Avealspread, = (D0)? |) 1 Fresnel’ distance : Distance at which Seas oeateastncra ee ponds Tit oteaaiaion >| re. ofa microscope = = 2#8in8 eo as Seer ed at veri angle nbtended oer aperture, p= D a RP ofa telescope = = © SizeofFresnel zone, dp= {AD P=)” 12th Diameter of objective lens of telescope, DET POLARISATION OF UGHT G D Malus Law The intensity Brewster's Law: The tangent of auras cea polarising angle of incidenceat which ‘through an analyseris, reflected light becomes completely Apparent frequency received during relative motion of source andobserver Polaroid V (reds 2. => Fey eeeen T=Igeoe?0 plane polarised is numerically equal Pes emnry Polarized wave] (@ = angle between 7 vr=oll+ Zp (blues a A ore torefractiveindex ofthemedium Intensity fo) polariserand analyser) Deane eee and it Fy