Turkish honorifics generally follow the first name, especially if they refer to gender or particular social statuses (eg. Name Bey (Mr.), Name Hanum (Ms), Name Hoca (teacher or cleric)). Such honorifics are used both in formal and informal situations. A newer hononific is "Sayin," which precedes the sumame or full name, and is not gender-specific. (e.g, Saym Name Sumame, or Sayin Sumame). They are generally used in very formal situations. Turkish terminology In the Turkish terms for the constructive and inflexional endings, three roots are involved’ = ck "supplement, affix" (notably Turkish has no prefixes) = yap- "make" = cek- "pull, draw" For the last two verbal roots, the constructive suffix im can be added to form nouns for instances of the actions denoted by the roots = yapim "construction"; = cekim *[a] pull or draw" (ora "take" in cinema) Either of these nouns can be compounded with the noun ek, resulting in an indefinite compound (belirtisiz tamlama), the sign of which is the inflexional suffix -i attached to ek = yapim efi *structure-suftix"; = cekim eft "inflexion-suffix" The inflexional suffix -ler comes before the -i to form the plural, so yaptm ekleri, gekim eklert Many words in Turkish—particulatly many grammatical terms—are neologisms invented to replace eatlier words borrowed from Arabic or Persian. (See the main article on Turkish language ) In some cases, the older term continues to be in used alongside the neologism. Parts of speech There are nine parts of speech (siz tirleri "word-kinds") in Turkish noun (isim or ad *name"); pronoun (zamir "inner being", or adil from ad); adjective (sifat "1ole, quality", or dnad "front-noun'), verb (fil "act, deed", or eylem "action" from eyle- "make, do"). adverb (zarf "envelope", or belirtee from belir- "determine"); postposition (tigeg from ilgi "interest, relation"); conjunction (rdint [obsolete], or bagiag from bag "bond"; particle (edat, or ilgec); interjection (nidé [obsolete], or iinlem from ‘un "fame, repute, sound"). VOIAUALLE Fostpositions are analogous to prepositions in English, only they follow their objects. Fostpositions can be reckoned as particles, However, thete are patticles in Turkish that are not postpositions Only nouns, pronouns and verbs are inflected in Turkish, An adjective can usually be teated as a noun or