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    18 views11 pages

    01 Sin PDF

    Uploaded by

    Lucas Zangara

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 11
    Jao tothe Contation to explain chanber rly afer teading rofosor Sia) yroundereatng wot, La coined, The aang hig about er gn isha ro te one han bv, ton ‘heodher slot comply olka by» resin of sores ‘al schlare This bok wil aves evans to both hare 1 Cones an thors of leitve design oe geal Willan Banc, ana Usinesty “Ie hs phy erg! Book, Gil Sn anges tht conseratione of baaining atone vrs he Senate and East shape ules {are fom exsig chambercene scone of bitoral proedera evelopment an mock end ora into the ste pesto Joln . Walken, Univesity of Washington | arene ee oe ere Separation of Powers and Legislative Organization The President, the Senate, and Political Parties in the Making of House Rules GISELA SIN. Univer of Minis, Usne-Charpain CAMBRIDGE To Nate, Sophia, and Tobie a Separation of ewes ond Legislative Organisation ty iesogy, especially during the Rsh amination (the ag Was the Republican Sankrspcy reform bl). ‘nthe 2004 pricy campaign, tnany New Democrats sipprted Joes Liherman and John Edwards while expressing antagornm toward Howard Desa nthe 2908 earapaign the New Democrats sapped Hilary Cito. “Te csi f Barack Ora 2008, 8 well ashi ection in 202, were the frst tunes the New Lek saccesflly backed 9 preidensl candidat ace theeleton of Carter 1975 In thie chaps expe in detail eo fcc ofthe American polls: tenths prosody fle powersbaringarangement in he House One of them iste separision of powers sytem splated tte Cosstation. The presence ofa president and Senate who approvals necessary ro make ews ‘ret teenie for Home meer to debuts power in some ways and tov thes "The second facto she continuing presence of disc inayat groups within th major patience the very beaming ofthe Repubhe nesarty {rou pay ruil sole in primary campaign be presenta nomination frosts ad poy making thin Congres At showin sabaegent caper, they als play central role m nepoating the dtebution of power wich the House, us fexsazes are enw the thou I develop in Chapers 9 and 4. The presence of inraparty props within pares expecly the House maoniy purty ad the proximty ofthe prelerenes a those of he Sate and pres cnr are hy so undertanng when ad uhy Hoe members choose partic: nr ae ad procedures Ae I age inthe theorericl and empl chapters that folos, House member rule choices depend on the alignment ofits purty soap preleraces ve Sotho of he Senate an the present, Inder, the etal mpostact ances of argining among constiasenal actors ‘epend heavily onthe pretereaces ofthe napa ops A Constitutional Theory of Legislative Organization Howse members know that hleialaive ces depends onthe atin ofthe Sute and president Ths spl realty unre the Consiional Theory tf Legilatve Opairation, which st forth condone ander which chang the preference athe Senate andr the president should nda Howe ajo iy to change its orgnnastional less to maximie legit outomn I this caper, develop a therecal model that shows how the pelo nc of constuonal actor ou the Howat elec the Hous nea power sharing dcsions Chapters 4 and 1 dei the npn of the ‘ode for purposes of undestandig, epee the timing nd eta ‘ty of ale changes in he Hose Scholar mt lewis i shi and msl Scans ole Thi esi rena fore ht of he “ame! atthe scp, Pevaing teres bps i ie sang in hou what roger win nade dice mes ‘esa tan wy rays ono twee thew pone an shone ee Disb ser age thet power eto commits syste with perio inion an oa er a. ow feo th oro smn ne ome i She “Weingast and Marshall argue that sek the comic sym provides abana proton seine operatic behavor [by masks! 9 ade aon he pons oy "Te in hi hte los ine ” ‘Sepoation of Potes end Legisatice Organiation by pc a forthe ihe (rdngar an Maral 98 The committe gatekeeping powers and last mover advantage cit the emmineet chance 10 review bile ia confrence commitee (Shope and ‘Weingast 1987 Tus if te House or Senate itor anges os bl the Howse confers, who erp reprcet the commits wth radon ver ‘he Dill ge a Macon rack wie" A game in which commis havea ex post veis ove the aia dated bllgarantes equim ostcomes lone tothe committees peeeences Partisan tore! astume the majority party o hold exogenous agenda sexing and propa powers that gunantepiyeuteres leet he art Inlay ical point [Aldrich 3994; Cox and McCublisy 1995). The game ‘ewer in Ald (2994) for example, ees «pty ha ls eer ‘nu provides him with «sof propa om which he can choose The ty ‘Sonstrsinthe lear in ha he ca choose ely propose hat x majety of ‘he majray prey pees to te stazus qu and ean win oa he foot (1994, $20 thee is outeome that mets bothconions the the ms ‘listeinsrctons to kes the pes lowed (Aiech, eyes sd Rede 1995, 5A aes, leishive outcomes ae always close tthe median ‘member ofthe pay (lich 1994; Aldrich and Rae 1997519985 2000: $3001; Alc, Geyeavs, nd Roe 1999; Rohde 1997} Tnthesimlr“artl genta mode the res reson a atonal asm tion tha seior members who have dairy xsponsiy, bald isto ‘eto power witha the House In Cox ad Means’ word (2205) replace the st gon. ‘tect of mil ee andthe pon oan oma rit fone lScolaer avo fe ce that heer sn emciy pry wold eo eal ose wen pe wa {se bck het bce ys the mays vs rsa he Shadow te dv. Tey lie pesca custo ee ‘har pre jon cx sed Mccabe oo, “has utcomes fr from the maoriy pars preferences are never allowed on the foe Tofomationa theories assume the min ary ha th option to fer motion o econ procedural tol that slows he nny par 9 conn ter the roel avant ofthe msjry reel aod Meow 2003. inchs temo, the ion ean ‘nionaend srantd 0 «zy (peal emt pa eae» pose aon 4 fo aot ah 0 ote sf te amendna procs du He conisatief gon - fe "The ame te cae cn oem me np fom ‘carn co dace th cee ep cosa tr ee ‘Siecle rw cc iri paps” Moped Wolpe 99) AConsiional Theory of Legitive Orgonzation » ‘atc oom fants sian dango eet pow (Rebel and Meron toa; 9) 200) tachi framework even when the fist mover advantage ranted othe maior iy pac the right to make Baal proposal give the mic prty dhe power fo ove oncom close othe or moda Scholars Bave deed the versely ofthe varogs theories, on grovnds tar this or hat cheory began with the wrong sion abot what can tp takeo as gven For example, sme have gusstoned whether congressional mites cry ave an ex pst veto power owe leas, noting tha (i {he mation to goto conteence slays mbje to mje appeoval Keel ‘yo i the Spear not ee commtes, apoims cones (Lazarus nd ‘Monroe 2007 and (i ues and precedents pet discharging. aconerence Commie (Kehbl 991). Oars have propoted tat ine the sino part doesnot hae the iasemover advantage under the rat of the House "the motion to recommic nota ore for most bills hat each the Howse aoe. the majority par 39 3-pstveto over rcommital moons, Jn the form of point Of exder and ral of the chai” (Cox, Den Harton, hd McCains 2006, 22) Roberts (sco) erticas Kehbi and Meio {Gooa) for noe acartely describing the mio to Fecomani proes an fail Ingo pedir emp pater rey he ase, oases te ‘sont purty to amend the mori to ecm, anderrning the ay af ‘he minor peey to benef row asemover along. "The ess ofthe thre prevaling theories of House ele making under lean importan: commonality Al make assumption abou Howse res and ganization that sre open to challenge. To avoid tis guage I make 80 “tsmpcons abou the maar of House rulemaking ie nea ga with ‘to realities of rational policy making, Firs, the Consttton places House uns sno a “game” that ie dearly specied and sndentandable, gen more than two hundred yeas of history and experince. risa game in which "House members most account fortwo ote consatonllyceted ac" the Sete and president Second ase tht two Intspaty oape ext thin the majority party Again the urmpton i rote nor and experience, {5 Tdemonsated cai ia Chapters Including wo inraacy groups with ‘he maj ary allows divergence ofpecteencs within the py to affect bargains one of he napa groups within te Has majong pry ext threten to oi the House misorty party fits demands are ot met. Teall tuce poable atibues dscagubh che consttutoal brgalning mode om previous models. Fst, te mol inlodes the Senate and the President ar key actos who arispate inthe eile gun Second, the Mode haratraes te Flose ss compeed of hee factions, two belonging don ea ar sth ste ao Suhel lade usa feo, sys es ce ” Separation of Powers and Legislative Organisation tothe majority party andthe hie epesating the morph th model incrporte Haase faston'expectaios about fture ingle and inrrbeanch dyanes athe me hy are const ering power sharing hangs Given thse model artes, rules and procedures ae endogoasiy deter sind by Hoose factions, who ania the actions of two costutinaly ‘tabled ctor, the Senate se preade. Rettig th onstiatonl requirement of he gate proces the ators Seat pst and Hou, compose fie cos ply dt _smer in socio. Inthe power sharin gone Hoseasons chaos les ad Procedure hr dri power song thraches ren te barsnng roc that ors the beginang of ech ew en ofthe Howse. Ai ‘Seton sof te Constitution gies Howe memes oad laude o determine the chamber powersharng mes Beyond implying that evry ewo years he Hone must did wher to adoge te sme les thee once th ply -nakig process dig he previous Congress oo adopt nc ra, Secon ‘fs no itractons aout he chamber ral ogi. Ta ihe legulative gam, the Senate president, and Hoe fstions sive to fad joy accep lei cute Tis ater game cons of 0 stages Theft cme apeemen stage, where Hose meer othe Senate, the ater eons aan exogeno ity ator with is own eee toca, sete thi diferences athe cnet rag, the preset other toi) acer with is own peerenes, approves ost lepstnve pols Imace the bicameral eet sg. roms "To llltate understanding of he del I describe fate, Table 3.x ene steal ofthe leat suction, "Although iter Senate nor pesdent ely pacts when the Howe negotiates ules he reo stags of he legate game capture the notion tha {he Conston ger Howe menberssrongincetvesanspute bean ‘ecmens und consul sage dynam wien allocating poe shor, ‘conmitiona theory clarifies bow the requemeats of Arle Sexson 7 Sis power slocatondeeione made unc Aric Scton “The game fetus legatre wth ther Hove members Seat, and a president assume, fom Chapters, thee idcoloel faction nthe House and Ibe them Fy Fa, and F.1 fos on the cae whee no faction contutetes a majority ofthe House" and model the faction” preerenoee ‘hing inersona deal poi (Bre Ry Fee F5 © Rn parca, + Ae Sinn tt cme og bl nese pond by ae mai. ‘Semen dino ee “A Consitational Theory of Legislative Orgoization a stants 51, Defiition of rials TisFE)o8 Theil pois of re Howe ane BELIaWeaho ue thas tems hound fet inal “Seni he gt ope, we vretie eh oF sed Fclleivay athe nshy pty aed Fy ie xe “Teepmeetnge othe Howe ht ation cons whee felis) . ‘Theat el pion wheres FP A ‘Tepes al pin oe pF c ‘Thereonelion hermes Hee Sent 4 Teste poy whee ge i ‘The otc ofthe me ete ces whee Lf) as The poly lity Yo payer wh sel poi ro lative sume Desa ar lor spc ti 0h = fig =F 94 = 9) mb dot esion of (1 ne risen aio hte ‘Eenonal pay qc and ys the pon {Feit} onthe py oa vera ele lo.t] A gowe sharp oer or nin to cn where felis: cs ‘The conta a whee Se = ‘Theos np wey fy wach st ag oh Snap an oe of he rect on > ao ‘hess te nce aon el pan thal be ent ‘The postin th CS clone oi when id CS. ‘Neh beak epg pier cies at dose nee otc eprom player pa cee {Ee Wena pana Pr, Bs Py n> do per ‘lee been snppotng pare obeam, ee oath Ble ibe sen pening ti uneven gh “echo fas obesimeon beonteme. =e dena eye adr ants {ssume spl near utty function. For action (2, 5] and lei: the outcome Lc Ry denote faction policy wt a Uf, 1) = FL ‘withthe Later notion of spatial ty chosen for stp refer to F2 Sd Fe asthe two factions ofthe House majority party and 0 T3 the ‘minority party. These labels Istateiterpetation Of he modes substan ‘ive uplestons e Suprstion of Powers and Lagilatve Organisation Including thee fcions allows sisgreoment within the majorisy purty to alec ner andintapary arising nthe mel urthernone 6 ‘scribed in Chae many scolar plitcl scents ands eel hie tocans = emphasize Ge imporance of fesparty groupe for understanding Polialdynamis in the Une States” Assming that Fra collie onstate the majority party allows te psi the some majo party ‘embers wil ete fo oi she minty purty tascam of wang ‘Soppor wen proposals by memes a the om panty erate dsontent Tn what follows | explain the dyaamics wan the power sharing and he legttive guns. Then, rough backoard induction, sow how the so sags within he lepsiie game, the busmeral aprcmet ad conaktonal fe, infiverce Howse ments” deuiions regarding ows saring in hit ‘hambet “The PomerSharing Game ‘Arse Section 5 af he Const empower the House to deg its nn power-sharing atengement bat provide only minimal isrtons on how to Alou “Each Howse may ceteemine hele o ts proceedings, punish i en tes for dorderybekevog an withthe oncartenc ff hi expel membec* Whi th Consintion dos noe mana majry approval or ales ‘ecsons the House has wadomally adopted his convertion, het, 1 the ‘se inthe model presented he ig 1 depict he models pomresharing game Ini Fr move fst and hasan opportunity wo offers pomersharng role wo Fa or Fy. It Fr propor ‘srejected then F can make anole to #5, Sec eles cegie the p> poet of to fattons (i a majoity of Howse meme). Irma fasonofete !macepable lhe gare ade th eiltive outcome Ls wae 4 ‘presents a proexing aggre oly stats qo" "Oeste the following frm: “I you, facton Fs join with vs oton| 1, thon totes oe shal commit 1 & powerstherng tle that egted as otows: With probability ee f, 1 the House sal aca if our sen ideal pon isis own ad wih pear + ~

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