Topic 2: Kinematics a ee (li) the acceleration of the car, acceleration = the resultant force acting on the va ) force = .. rea) ; {c) The accetcieton of the ear ie constant hetween t= 0 and t= 9.08. ‘Suggest and explain why the driving force on the car must increase to keep the acceleration constant. . (a) After t= 910s, the car starts to turn a comer and follows @ circular path at constant speed. (i) Explain why the car is accelerating even though its speed is constant. (li) State the direction of this acceleration. oft] (iii) State and 36 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 36 san rnoey sepmsvonenanwaccay —rapinrnony apintmany MEANY ADU yapmrnoey Wmv TCRouLiaKee AOKI SOUL HAREEM CLL WORE ADULHOMEEN —ASLHOKEEY sg ou naeen sou naxeent SESE TEST eESTEtTreT nen © Level Physics Paper 2 6. Fig. 1.4, (@) After rising, the stone falls, The astronaut catches the stone at t= 60s. ‘There is no air resistance on the Moon, Complete Fiy. 1.1 until r= 6.08, (b) Calculate the acceleration of the stone between t= 0 and t= 20, acceleration = (2) A stone is thrown vertically upwards on the Earth with the same initial State two ways in which the velocity-time graph for this stone alffere ic 1 37 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 37Topic ¢: Kinematics: © Level Physics Paper 2 218A small boat travels with a velocity of 4.0 m/s due north in an area of still water. (a) State what is meant by velocity, i z mé a (©) The boat travels from the area of stil water into an area where the velocity of the water is & 2.0 m/s towards the north-east, as shown in Fig. 1.1. 5 " i ee nw ; . E fase velocity . ! of water 5 : 2.0m/s : velocity of £ beat in stil : water a 4.0m/s , e still 3 water : E Z Fly. 1.1 (not to scale) 5 Combining the initial velocity of the boat with the velocity of the water gives the resultant» velocity of the boat, : In the space on the page opposite, draw a vector diagram to show the resultant. velocity. z ‘Use your diagram to find the size and direction ofthe resultant velocity, : g z size of resultant velocity = 3 direction of rosultant velocity = = 38 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 38‘naouL Mice © ABOULHAKEEM ABDUL ABDUL HEA aoa. wakes Topic 2: Kinematics O Level Physics Paper 2 20. A children's ride consists of a steel cable that runs between two posts of different heights, as shown in Fig. 9.1, Agi starts an‘ steel cable lee Fig. 9.4 \d finishes the ride at rest. Her horizontal motion can be taken as «an initial uniform acceleration for 3.08, followed by ‘a constant speed of 2.4m/s for a further 5.0s and + a final uniform deceleration that lasts for 1.08. {a) OnFig. 9: speed m/s (b) Explain wh 2, draw a spewu-time graph of the horizontal motion. time/s Fig. 9.2 3) nat is meant by uniform acceleration.Topic 2: Kinematics CaaS (c) The final deceleration is larger in size than the acceleration. Explain how the data shows this. (a) Calculate the horizontal distance travelled by'the girl in the first 8.0. distance 13) (©) (1) The gill has a mass of 301g and folle a vertical distance of 1.6m during the ride. ‘The gravitational field strength gis 10N/kg. Calculate the decrease in gravitational potential energy of the girl decrease in potential energy = 2 (ii) The gain in kinetic eneray of the girl is less than the decrease in her potential energy. Suggest one reason for this. (ill (f) A group of pupils make measurements to show that the git's speed is constant during the middle section of the ride. Suggest what measurements are made and how they show that the speed is constant. 40 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 40 spent cs‘ABOU KEEM AOU MAREE sous NaN sou haem ABOU MaKe ‘Topic 2: Kinematics O Level Physics Paper 2 2 41 Fig. 1.1 shows a motorcycle during a race, Fig. 1.4 The motorcycle accelerates along a straight section of the track from a speed of 40m/s to maximum speed. Fig. 1.2 is the speed-time graph for the motorcycle along the straight section of the track. 90: 80- 70: speed 60: 50; 40: 20: 10: 0. 4 6 8 10 timers <\ ane oe Ff & £2, es os Fs Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 41Topic 2: Kinematics O Level Physics Paper ¢ ‘The mass of the motoroycle is 180kg. (a) For the time 0 to 2.0, determine (i) the acceleration of the motorcycle, acceleration = .. 2) (ii) the resultant force acting on the motorcycle. force = {b) The driving force acting on the motorcycle remains constant throughout the 12 spent on the straight section of track. (i) Using Fig. 1.2, describe how the acceleration of the motorcycle changes during this time, (ll) Explain, in terms of the forces acting, why the acceleration changes in this way. (3) 42 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 42 iraiwinoagyAOOUL HEM ARDLL HmEM —ACLL HaK Hace AROUHAKESM—ASOLL HARE Topic 2: Kinematics © Level Physics Paper 2 22 (a) Explain what is meant by uniform acceleration. (b) Acceleration is a vector quantity. State how a vector quantity differs from a scalar quantity. 1 (c) A rock from space is travelling in a straight line at high speed when it enters the Earth’s 50s, atmosphere. Fig. 9.1 is the speed-time graph for the rock from time t= 0 to time 14000 12000 speeq 10000 m/s 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 us Fig. 9.1 (On Fig. 9.1, mark + aletter X, where the rock is moving with a constant speed, + alletter, where the rock has a uniform deceleration, + alletter Z, where the rock has a non-uniform deceleration, Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+82300-4810136) 43Topic inematics O Level Physics Paper 2 (ii) Attime t= 25s, the mass of the rock is 6.4kg. For the time t= 25s, determine 4, the size of the acceleration of the rack, } acceleration = 2, the size of the resultant force on the rock. (iil) Fig. 9.2 shows the rock at t= 26s. , 7 Sitection of travel , rock surface of the Earth Fig. 9.2 (not to scale) 13] (2) ) 4. On Fig. 9.2, draw and label two arrows to show the directions of the gravitational force F and the air resistance F acting on the rock. (2) , 2. Suggest why the size of the air resistance changes as the rock travels through the Earth's atmosphere. 44 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) tur verreowvareen Se poouLwwveee — peou Hane Topic 2: Kinematics Level Physics Paper 2 23. Fig. 1.1 shows the distance-time graph for two cyclists A and B. They start a 500m race together but finish the race at different times, 600: 500- distance/m 400: 300: 200: 100: teen 6 @ & time/s Fig. 1.1 (a) Use Fig. 1.1 to determine (i) the distance between A and B at time f= 20s, (ii) the difference in the time taken by A and B for the race. (b) Cyclist C starts the race at the same time as A and B and covers the first 200m of the race at constant speed of 5.0m/s. He then accelerates and finishes the race at t= 60s. (i) On Fig. 1.1, draw the distance-time graph for cyclist C. 2) (ii) Calculate the average speed of cyclist C for the whole race. speed = 45 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 45y Topic 2: Kinematics Jk 24 Abungee jumper falls fro The man starts from position A in Fi eee mm a bridge above a river, as shown in Fig. 11-1. Fig. 11.1 (not to scale) stops for the first time at position D. 11.4. The elastic cord starts to stretch at position C and he He continues to rise and fall. Fig, 11.2 shows how the velocity of the man varies with time f velocity 15 m/s 46 20 Compiled By: Fig. 11.2 ‘Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) — 6h position A. position B position position D atthe top cord starts at the lowest to stretch point vemmrvcey venwwtman —ierraar rapweany wamniwoay NEBr VERY vrapiunosy — rapenttnany ammaMOANUNEOK —ARCLIAKEEY —ABDULKAMEEM —ABCULMAREEM —_anouL nec 00. HaKEEM AEDULMKEEN — ABOULHACEEN — ASOUL HEM a © Level Physics Paper 2 (2) () State what is meant by verootty. 22) (li) State the difference between a positive velocity and a negative velocity, (1) (lil) In the first 1.48 the acceleration is uniform, 1. Using values from Fig. 11.2, determine the acceleration of the man in the first 1.45, acceleration = (31 2. Comment on your value of acceleration, -(] (iv) 4, State the value of t when the man is at position D, 47 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 477 ae (b) Fig. 11.3 shows the values for the gravitational potential energy of the man, he kinetic energy of the man and the elastic potential energy in the cord at A, C and D. You may ignore the effect of air resistance in this question. } gravitational potential kinetic elastic » energy/J energy/J potential eneray/J position A. 20000 0 ° y position C 15000 0 4 position D ° ° r Fig. 11.8 (i) Complete Fig, 11.3 to show the kinetic energy of the man at C and the elastic potential energy in the cord at D. fea) ‘The man has a mass of 50kg. ‘The gravitational field strength gis 10N/kg. Using values from Fig. 11.3, calculate the vertical distance between A and C. distance ic) 4k, Sy } 48 Compiled By: Abdul Hakeem (+92300-4810136) 48 yamine wevimnaay vas NOY sow 088