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Tugas Pak Herry
Tugas Pak Herry
Numerous ladies are willing to do anything to get solid and excellent skin. Not occasionally they are
upbeat to pay enormous to keep her skin sound and wonderful. This sensation can be found in ladies
today. They invested more energy in spots of excellence for magnificence tend to stay conscious.
Squeeze ourselves had been the way of a lady. However, remember, don’t do something unreasonable
To restore instinctive nature for solid and wonderful skin does not need to oblige a huge charge but
rather there is way simpler, less expensive, and obviously sound. Here are a few privileged insights to
Water from the shower will quickly wash the soil and cleanser suds from our body. Interestingly, in the
event that we gave by wading, soil from the body will be blended in water and can be re-connected to
the body.
Frequently feel the skin dry after a shower? Means tones need to take a gander at the cleanser you
utilize. Cleanser that delivers a ton of froth means it contains cleansers that much in any case. This will
make the skin dry and harsh. We have to know, in the wake of washing with cleanser, skin pH will
ascend to 9 of ordinary skin pH is 4.2 to 6.2 (pH offset). Thus, pick a low pH cleanser.
shielded from the sun that contain destructive UV beams. Clearly, select sun piece recipe is protected to
The human body is made out of 80% water so it is essential for us to expend water that is not lack of
hydration and dry skin. Drink a lot of water is one of the ways the most effective healthy skin and
characteristic and suitable for all skin sorts. Drink 8 glasses of water a day or more to get solid skin.
Vegetables and natural products contain numerous vitamins are useful for the strength of the body and
skin. Admission of vitamins and cell reinforcements from products of the soil is essential for the skin on
the grounds that it can neutralize free radicals that harm the skin.
Wellbeing is the most imperative thing for us. Particularly for ladies who need a solid and lovely skin
ought to continue eating and living. Not hard and don’t have to spend a great deal of cash to have a
sound and lovely skin. Just by drinking loads of water and eating vegetables and organic products.
Accordingly, how about we apply solid life for themselves and their families for a sound life is
everybody’s fantasy.
Important Minerals to Burn More Calories
Metabolism is closely related to the burning of calories. Increasing metabolism is an effective way to
help you lose weight. People who have a high metabolism, tend to avoid obesity, because the calorie
burning process that occurs in the body is also run out rapidly. In addition to do an exercise regularly,
Unlike vitamins, minerals typically do not contain the carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. To be classified as a
mineral, a substance must be a solid and have a crystalline structure. This substance should also
Types of Minerals
Minerals are divided into two groups, namely major minerals and trace minerals. Major minerals are the
minerals needed by the body in an amount greater than 100 mg per day. While trace minerals are
minerals that the body needs in small amounts or less than 100 mg per day.
Calcium
The weight of calcium from the body weight is about 1.5 kg and 99 % of that form bones and teeth.
While the remaining of calcium which is about 1 % present is in the extracellular fluid (fluid around the
cells of the body). The benefits of calcium for the body such as, regulating body fluid balance, keeping
the muscle contraction during exercise, and keeping blood clotting within normal limits.
Phosphorus
Approximately 85 % of phosphorus in the body is found in the bone. Phosphorus is also needed to
convey the genetic code from one cell to another cell when the cell is cleaved and reproducible.
Phosphorus increased the need for an additional 440 mg per day for nursing mothers. Phosphorus is
essential for carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis, and carrying fat and fatty acids in the tissues
and organs.
Magnesium
The body uses magnesium to regulate the release of energy, the nerve cell function, and the muscle
contraction. It also used to form the body tissue, especially in the bone. The adult body has about 30 %
and three -quarters of magnesium present in the bone. Magnesium is also a part of the more than 300
Iron
The human body consists of about 4-5 grams of iron, and is mostly found as part of hemoglobin and
myoglobin, those are the two proteins that transfer oxygen and circulate it throughout the body.
Hemoglobin is found in red blood cells. Myoglobin found in muscle tissue. Iron is also part of many
Zinc
The human body store about 2 grams of zinc in muscle and bone. Zinc has many roles in the body
including the growth and repair of normal cells, wound healing and healthy immunity. Sufficient zinc
intake is very important to make a variety of enzymes and hormones, including growth hormone, insulin
and testosterone, a hormone that is needed to produce healthy sperm in large quantities. Without
Although sulfur nutrition is often regarded as the indispensable man, but it almost never mentioned in
the books and resources. It is because sulfur is an integral part of all proteins as well as fats and is found
Fluorine
Fluorine is found mostly in the form of fluoride both in food and water. Body stores of fluoride in bones
and teeth. A small amount of fluoride found naturally in all plant and animal tissues. Addition of fluoride
That’s the kind of minerals are included in the category of major minerals and their benefits for your
body. In addition to the major minerals, some trace minerals, which the body needs less than 100 mg
per day to increase metabolism. The minerals which are belonging to the trace minerals include:
Lodine
Lodine is a component of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine namely, that help
regulate cell activity and metabolism. This hormone is also essential for protein synthesis, tissue growth
(including the establishment of a healthy nervous system), prevent mumps and improve bone health.
Selenium
Selenium has an important role in controlling the effects of thyroid hormone in the body’s metabolism.
Thyroid hormone itself is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland, which has great influence on the
body’s metabolism.
Copper
Copper has long been known as a mineral that body needs to keep functioning optimally. Copper is one
of the elements belonging to the micro minerals because minerals are needed only in small amounts in
the body. However, even so, this mineral is important to ensure the body’s metabolism to function
optimally, it is also important for the formation of hemoglobin or red blood cells.
Manganese
Manganese is involved in the function of various organs and systems are also required for normalizing
immune function, blood sugar regulation, cellular energy production, reproduction, digestion, and bone
growth. In addition, manganese is also working with vitamin K to support blood clotting and is an
important component of an important antioxidant enzyme called superoxide dismutase which will
provide protection during the attack of free radicals in the body’s metabolic processes.
Chromium
Chromium has various roles in metabolism. Chromium is also a partner for the glucose tolerance factor
(GTF) or glucose tolerance factor, which increases insulin to regulate glucose utilization in the body, the
end result of metabolism and the main energy source of every cell of the body. It also involved in
Minerals in the body needs cannot be ignored. Minerals are catalysts vitamins and nutrients of your
body that is needed to increase the body’s metabolism and maintain optimal health. Therefore, you
Dengue fever
Dengue fever (pronounced /ˈdɛŋgeɪ/ (BrE), /ˈdɛŋgiː/ (AmE)) and dengue hemorrhagic fever
(DHF) are acute febrile diseases, found in the tropics and Africa, and caused by four closely
related virus serotypes of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae.[1] It is also known as
breakbone fever. The geographical spread is similar to malaria, but unlike malaria, dengue is
often found in urban areas of tropical nations, including Puerto Rico, Singapore, Malaysia,
Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Pakistan, India, Brazil, Vietnam, Guyana, Venezuela
and Bangladesh. Each serotype is sufficiently different that there is no cross-protection and
humans by the Aedes aegypti (rarely Aedes albopictus) mosquito, which feeds during the day.
This is manifested by a sudden onset of severe headache, muscle and joint pains (myalgias and
arthralgias—severe pain gives it the name break-bone fever or bonecrusher disease), fever, and
rash.[3] The dengue rash is characteristically bright red petechiae and usually appears first on
the lower limbs and the chest; in some patients, it spreads to cover most of the body. There
may also be gastritis with some combination of associated abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or
diarrhea.
Some cases develop much milder symptoms which can be misdiagnosed as influenza or other
viral infection when no rash is present. Thus travelers from tropical areas may pass on dengue
in their home countries inadvertently, having not been properly diagnosed at the height of their
illness. Patients with dengue can pass on the infection only through mosquitoes or blood
The classic dengue fever lasts about six to seven days, with a smaller peak of fever at the
trailing end of the disease (the so-called biphasic pattern). Clinically, the platelet count will drop
Cases of DHF also show higher fever, variable haemorrhagic phenomena, thrombocytopenia,
and haemoconcentration. A small proportion of cases lead to dengue shock syndrome (DSS)
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of dengue is usually made clinically. The classic picture is high fever with no
localising source of infection, a petechial rash with thrombocytopenia and relative leukopenia.
The WHO definition of dengue haemorrhagic fever has been in use since 1975; all four criteria
must be fulfilled:[4]
1. Fever, bladder problem, constant headaches, severe dizziness and loss of appetite.
2. Hemorrhagic tendency (positive tourniquet test, spontaneous bruising, bleeding from
3. Thrombocytopenia (<100,000 platelets per mm³ or estimated as less than 3 platelets per high
power field)
4. Evidence of plasma leakage (hematocrit more than 20% higher than expected, or drop in
haematocrit of 20% or more from baseline following IV fluid, pleural effusion, ascites,
hypoproteinemia)
Serology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies are available to confirm the diagnosis of
Treatment
haemoconcentration and bleeding. Close monitoring of vital signs in critical period (between
day 2 to day 7 of fever) is vital. Increased oral fluid intake is recommended to prevent
dehydration and significant concentration of the blood if the patient is unable to maintain oral
intake. A platelet transfusion is indicated in rare cases if the platelet level drops significantly
(below 20,000) or if there is significant bleeding. The presence of melena may indicate internal
Aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided as these drugs may
worsen the bleeding tendency associated with some of these infections. Patients may receive
Emerging treatments
Emerging evidence suggests that mycophenolic acid and ribavirin inhibit dengue replication.
Initial experiments showed a fivefold increase in defective viral RNA production by cells treated
with each drug.[6] In vivo studies, however, have not yet been done. Unlike HIV therapy, lack of
adequate global interest and funding greatly hampers the development of treatment regime.
Epidemiology
World-wide dengue distribution, 2006. Red: Epidemic dengue. Blue: Aedes aegypti.
The first epidemics occurred almost simultaneously in Asia, Africa, and North America in the
1780s. The disease was identified and named (see #History below) in 1779. A global pandemic
began in Southeast Asia in the 1950s and by 1975 DHF had become a leading cause of death
among many children in many countries in that region. Epidemic dengue has become more
common since the 1980s. By the late 1990s, dengue was the most important mosquito-borne
disease affecting humans after malaria, there being around 40 million cases of dengue fever
and several hundred thousand cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever each year. There was a
serious outbreak in Rio de Janeiro in February 2002 affecting around one million people and
killing sixteen.
On March 20, 2008, the secretary of health of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Sérgio Côrtes,
announced that 23,555 cases of dengue, including 30 deaths, had been recorded in the state in
less than three months. Côrtes said, "I am treating this as an epidemic because the number of
cases is extremely high." Federal Minister of Health José Gomes Temporão also announced that
he was forming a panel to respond to the situation. Cesar Maia, mayor of the city of Rio de
Janeiro, denied that there was serious cause for concern, saying that the incidence of cases was
in fact declining from a peak at the beginning of February. [7] By April 3, 2008, the number of
Significant outbreaks of dengue fever tend to occur every five or six months. The cyclicity in
numbers of dengue cases is thought to be the result of seasonal cycles interacting with a short-
lived cross-immunity for all four strains, in people who have had dengue (Wearing and Rohani
2006). When the cross-immunity wears off, the population is then more susceptible to
transmission whenever the next seasonal peak occurs. Thus in the longer term of several years,
there tend to remain large numbers of susceptible people in the population despite previous
outbreaks because there are four different strains of the dengue virus and because of new
susceptible individuals entering the target population, either through childbirth or immigration.
There is significant evidence, originally suggested by S.B. Halstead in the 1970s, that dengue
hemorrhagic fever is more likely to occur in patients who have secondary infections by
serotypes different from the primary infection. One model to explain this process is known as
antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), which allows for increased uptake and virion
phenomenon, known as original antigenic sin, the immune system is not able to adequately
respond to the stronger infection, and the secondary infection becomes far more serious.[9]
In Singapore, there are about 4,000–5,000 reported cases of dengue fever or dengue
haemorrhagic fever every year. In the year 2003, there were six deaths from dengue shock
underrepresentation of all the cases of dengue as it would ignore subclinical cases and cases
where the patient did not present for medical treatment. With proper medical treatment, the
mortality rate for dengue can therefore be brought down to less than 1 in 1000