Q.

1 STATE WHETHER BUS IS ACTIVE OR PASSIVE NETWORK JUSTIFY IT AND COMPARE BUS WITH RING
ON THE BASIS OF CABLES USED,FAULTS TOLERANCE?

ANS:

Bus is a passive network.

The bus topology is usually used when a network installation is small, simple or

temporary. In bus network, the cable is just one or more wires, with no active electronics

to amplify the signal or pass it along from computer to computer. This makes the bus a

passive network.

In Ring all nodes are connected with another in a loop. In ring topology, computers are
connected with a continuous circle of cable.

In bus topology network all computer and network device is connected to single cable. A
physical bus topology network typically uses one long cable called backbone (bus). Short-cables
called drop-cables can be attached to the backbone with the help of taps.

an efficient and fair fault-tolerance in ring topology to recover from token loss situation. We
have two requirement in fault tolerance in ring topology (i) safety: of course one node at most
can use the shared link (ring) to send data at the same time (ii) livens : a node requests to use
the ring will eventually succeed. The proposed solution requires feedback from every other
node to recover from token loss. enhance fault tolerance in ring topology by using queue for
each node and timestamp to handle multiple requests when one of nodes uses the ring while
another nodes are waiting.

Q.2 WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING NETWORK TOPOLOGIES DEGRADES MOST GRACEFULLY IN HIGH
NETWORK LOAD SITUATION STAR,RING,MESH,BUS?

ANS: