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    70 views29 pages

    MSMA2nd - Chapter 1

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    msma

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    tp:/ooww.water gov my. NOT FOR SALE a - Ue SS i © SS Government of Malaysia Department of Irrigation and Drainage Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia MSMA 2nd Edition updated 23 May 2012 Itp:/aeww water gov.my NOT FOR SALE http://www.water.gov.my wn @ se Government of Malaysia Department of Irrigation and Drainage Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia MSMA 2” Edition http://www.water.gov.my updated 22 May 2012 please email te bamawater.cov.my fo: any comments and further information updated 23 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE Disclaimer The use of Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (MSMA 2nd Edition) requires professional interpretation and judgment. Appropriate design procedures and assessment must be applied to suit the particular circumstances under consideration. Every effort and care has been taken in selecting methods and recommendations that are appropriate to Malaysian conditions. Notwithstanding these efforts, no warranty or guarantee, express, implied or statutory is made as to the accuracy, reliability suitability or results of the methods or recommendations ‘The Government shall have no liability or responsibility to the user or any other person or entity with respect to any liability, loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused, disectly or indirectly, by the adoption and use of the methods and recommendations in this Manual, inclucing but not limited to, any interruption of service, loss of business or anticipatory profits, or consequential damages resulting from the use of the Manual Copyright © 2012 by Department of Ierigation and Drainage (DID) Malaysia Kuala Lampus; Malaysia All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN 978-983-9304-24-4 {Urban Stommonter Management Manual for Malaysia - 2nd Eatin i updated 24 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE Foreword MSMA (Manual Saliran Mesra Alam), an abbreviation from Malay Language translation of Urban Stormwater Management Manual, has been widely accepted term and since become trade mack in the stormwater industey in Malaysia. The first edition of the Manual, published i. 2000, has served as invaluable references for both authority and private professionals, The version inchided ‘he latest standards andl practices, technologies, best engineering practices that were generally based from foreign countries. The first edition was also quite voluminous and relatively difficult for engineers and professionals to use. Recognising, all these and alter ten (20) years time lapse, the Department decided that itis timely for the first edition be improved. This improved version is called MSMA 2nd Edition, ‘The MSMA 2nd Edition is developed through contributions from the Government as well as private sectors and foreign expexts. The Manual has been simplified and updated to serve asa source of information andl to provide guidance pertaining to the latest stormwater best management practices (BMPs). This is one of the many initiatives undertaken by the DID to further enhance its services parallel with ongoing transformations taking, place in Government Department and private sectors, There are just too many to name and congratulate individually, all those involved ih pieparing this Manual Most of them are my fellow professionals who are well-zespected within theis-ficlds. I wish to secosd my sincere thanks and appreciation to all of them and I am confident that their cottibutions will be truly appreciated by the users for many years to come. Dato’, Hj. Ahmad Husain bin Sulaiman Director General Depastment of ligation and Drainage Malaysia ii Uren Stormeoater Management Manual for Malaysia - 2nd Eaton lated 2 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE Acknowledgements ‘The Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (MSMA 2nd Edition) has been prepared through the co-operative and collaborative efforts between governmental organizations, private agencies as well as individuals. The efforts of those involved in preparing this Manual are gratefully acknowledged Special thank goes to the Director General of Department of Irigation and Drainage (DID) Malaysia, Ys. Bhg, Dato’ Ir. Hj. Ahmad Husaini bin Sulaiman and Deputy Disector General (Business Sectox), Yg. Bhg. Dato’ Is. Nordin bin Hamdan. ‘This edition could not have been completed without the guidance and assistance of key staff members from DID‘s Stormwater Management Division recognized herein: Ir, Leong Tak Meng, lr, Hj, Abdul Haunid Md, Kassim, Dr. 1, Md. Nasir Md. Nob, Anita Ainan, Deulkifli Abu Balas, Atikah Shafio and all the engineers anid staff members who have contributed directly and indirectly to complete the manual. “Tha contribution of Tachnical Committan memhars a also acknowledge herein: Ministey of Natural Resources andl Environment, Ministry of Housing and Local Government, Department of Environment, National Landscape Department, Town and Country Planning Department, Real Estate and Housing Developers’ Association Malaysia (REHDA), Association of Consulting Enginoers Malaysia (ACEM), Malaysian Institute of Architects (PAM), Instituton of Engineers Malaysia (IEM), Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), Master Builders Association of Malaysia and all other agencies that has contributes directly and indirectly to the completed manual ‘The insights from the expert international reviewer, Dr. Ber Ltbonas of United States of America and Dr. Geofizey O'Loughlin of Australia are greally appreciated: Last but not least, special recognition is expressed 6» ox consultant, PWM Associates Sdn. Bhd. and his key feam members who had contributed invaluable part the process that led to the completed manual. The names of the many individual contributors and reviewers who helped in the development of this manual are listed in the List of Contributors {Urban Stommonter Management Manual for Malaysia - 2nd Eatin ii updated 24 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE Table of Contents Disclaimer. i Foreword. Fs Acknowledgements. iit Table of Contents, w List of Abbreviations v Introduction to the Manwal.. viii Chapter1 Design Acceptance Csiteia Chapter? Quantity Design Fundamentals Chapters Quahty Design Fundamentals Chapter4 Roof and Propesty Drainage .. Chapter5 On-site Detention Chapter6 Rainwater Hasvesting 6-1-6418 Chapter? Detention Pond 71-738 Chapter8 Infiltration Facilities 81-818 Chapter9 __Bioretention System 91-925 Chapter 10 Gross Pollutant Traps ..nsnnnnnnansstins ian oo 1014-10-21 Chapter 11 Water Quality Ponds and Wetlands tl 11-28 Chapter 12 Erosion and Sediment Control . 4-12.52 Chapter 18 Pavement Drainage 134-1344 Chapter 4 Drains and Swwales ua-1421 Chapter 15 Pipe Drain 154-1530 Chapter 16 Engineered Channel 161-1617 Chapter 17 Bioongineoseet Chain wa-17.19 Chapter 18 Calvert 1841-18-38 Chapter19 — Gatéand Pump . 1941-19-42 Chapter 20 Hydraulic Structures 20-1 20-32 Annex 1 Ecological Plants . cow AXA AXI32 Annex 2 Maintenance AXQA ~ AX215 Annex’ IDF Curves for 5 Minutes to 72 Hours Storn Durations AXB1- AXBTL Glossary Gi-Gawvii ww LUrbonStommoater Management Manual for Maysia~ 2nd Eton lated 2 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE Abbreviations AARY Average Annual Rainwater Yield AASHTO American Association of State Highwvay and Transportation Officials ACT Australian Capital Territory AEP Annual Exceedance Probability AN Ammoniacal Nitrogen ANCOLD Australian National Committee on Large Dam APL American Petroleum Institute ARGR Australian Rainfall and Runoff ARC Allanta Regional Commission ARI Average Recurrence Interval as Anotrafian Standard ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers BIOECODS _Bio-Ecological Drainage System BMPs Best Management Practices, BoD Biochemical Oxygen Demand caD Computer Aided Design com Camp Dresser & McKee CFWP Centre for Watershed Protection, Australia CIRIA. Construction Industry Research an¢:Inforniation Association, UK cur Corrugated Metal Pipe cop (Chemical Oxygen Demand cwa Concrete Washout Area pe Design Chart Der Discharge Control Pit DID Department of isigation and Drainage Malaysia DOE Department of Environment Malaysia oP Drainage Outlet Protection FCB Erosion Control Blanket ED Extended Detention EGL Energy Grade Line EL. Elevation EMC Event Mean Concentration BSC Erosion and Sediment Control EscP Erosion and Sediment Control Plan FHWA Federal Highway Administration, USA Pos Tavtur of Safety cls Geographic Information System cris Gross Pollutant Traps wl Ground Water Level wr Ground Water Table Urban Stormonter Management Manual for Maleysia- 2nd Eciton ¥ updated 24 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE HAT Highest Astronomical Tide GL Hydraulic Grade Line HW Head Water HWL High Water Level IDF Intensity Duration Frequency TKR Jabatan Kerja Raya (Public Works Department) Malaysia Lar Lowest Astronomical Tide oc “Limits of Construction Isp Land Survey Datum LWL Low Water Level MAR Moan Annual Rainfall MDE Maryland Department ofthe Environment, USA. MHERW Moan Higher High Water MHWS Mean Higher Water Spring MLLW Mean Lower Low Water MPCA Minnesota Pollution Control Agency MSA Material Storage Area MSL Mean Sea Level MSMA Manual Saliran Mesra Alam (Urban Stormwater Managment Manual for Malaysia) MUSLE Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation NPS Non-point Source NRW Natural Resources and Water New New South Wales NIU Nepholomatsic Turbidity Unit Nzs New Zealand Standard 08 Oil and Grease ocr il and Grease Intensplor osD ‘On-site Detention PME Probable Maximum Flood PMP Probable Maximum Precipitation PSD Permissible Site Discharge QUDM Queensland Usban Drainage Manual ReD Reinforced Check Dam RMHM Rational Method Hydrograph Method RWHS Rainwater Harvesting System SB Sediment Basin SBB Sand Bag Barrier SBIR Sedimentation Basin Trash Rack SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition scL Sediment Control Log sc Soil Conservation Services, USDA. SIRI —_ Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia i Uren Stormer Management Manual for Malzysia- 2nd Edition lated 23 May 2012 NOT FOR SALE Jtp:/seww water. gov.my sop Standard Operation Procedure sR Surface Roughening, ssa Stabilized Staging Area SSR Site Storage Requirement st Sediment Trap SUDS Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems ‘DH Total Dynamic Head TH Total Head TKN Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 1N Total Nitrogen 1P Total Phosphorus TPF Temporal Pattern in Fraction TR Turf Reinforcement Mate sc Temporary Stream Crossing, SD Temporary Slope Drain Tss Total Suspended Solids ™ Tail Water UDECD Urban Drainage and Flood Control District, Dents UPVC ——_Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride USBR United States Bureau of Reclamation USDA —_United State Department of Agriculture USDOT United States Department of Transpostation USEPA United State Environmental PYotection Agency USLE Universal Soil Loss Equation vic ‘Vehicle Tracking Control wov Water Quality Volume, WSE Water SurfacéFlevation WSUD Water Sensitive Urban Design yas Yield Atter Spillage yes YiEld Before Spillage {Urban Stommonter Management Manual for Malaysia - 2nd Eatin updated 24 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE INTRODUCTION TO THE MANUAL ‘This Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (MSMA 2nd Edition) is an improved version of the ‘SMA Ist Edition that provides planning and design guidance to all those involved in the management of stormwater Users are advised to read this section before stast using the Manual. Chapters 1, 2 and 3 serve as the driver of the Manual while the rest, Chapter 4 to 20, detail the necessary design methods and procedures on relevant stormwater facilities. This edition is supplemented and ended with Annexures; on ecological plants and maintenance. Stormwater management design zoquises a multi skills and multi-disciplinary approach and it should be expected Uhat some Chapters ate interrelated. However, ezch Chapter is. simplified, concised and complete in the coverage of its own subject material. 1. GENERAL 11 Goal and Objectives The goal of this Manual is to provide easy guidance to all zegulators, plansiers anid designers who are involved in stormwater management implementation, which is often undertaken by a number of organisations. The challenge is to ensure that the administration of the planning, design and maintenance of stormwater ‘management systems is consistent across the relevant Locel, State and Federal Authorities and the professions of urban development, environmental, water sesousces, civil engineering and landscape architecture. Under this direction, stormwater management will have multiple green and hazards-free objectives within and downstream of development area + Enaure the safety ofthe public; + Control auisance flooding and provide for the safe passage of less frequent or lager flood events; + Stabilise the landform and control erosion: + Minimise the environmental impact of runoff; and + Enhance the urban landscapé and ecology. 12 Scope This Manual covers most of the important aspects and requirements of stormuvater management practices for now and existing urban areas 13 Required Knowledge Engineers, architects, planness and others who are involved in applying the guidelines set out in this Manual should have underlaken an appropriate course of study in their subject. For example, design engineers are expected primarily to have undertaken a course in hydrolegy and hydraulics, within tertiary evil engineering curriculum or equivalent experience, inorder to apply the subject matter in the Manal 14 Related Stormwater Management Documents ‘The selated document “Design Guides for Erosion and Sediment Control in Malaysia (DID, 2010)" should be considered when planning urban development and/or designing stormwater management infiastructuxe. vii Uren Stormeoater Management Manual for Malaysia - 2nd Eaton lated 23 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE 2 ENHANCED DESIGN SKILLS ‘The Manual explains the design methods of each stormwater management control components in subsequent chapters. Users should not limit themselves only to the material available within this Manual but also to have initiatives in research to enhance their design and tc continuously build up knowledge in this aspect which can subsequently be added on to enhance their design ssils. Users should explore maximum combinations of these components as are practicable to meet their clesign objectives. 3. CONTENTS ‘The Chapters were prepared covering mainly administration, quantity control design, quality control design and conveyance design. They ate accompanied by Annexures on planting and maintenance. In each design chapter, background information, analysis and simplified design procedures are presented. Where appropriate, supporting basic theory and worked examples are also provided to assist the users. 34 Administration and Requirement These early sections are the key that sets requirement and disection to enable users t start and finish the facility design process of a stormwater facility project. Chapter 1 - Design Acceptance Criteria provides mainly design Average Recurrence Intervals (ARIs) for both quantity control and conveyance system as well as prescribed. Water Quality Volume (WQV) for quality conto system. Before proceeding to subsequent design Chapters, design fundamentals for quantity and quality management facilities are provided in Chapters 2 and 3, respectively. They puesent hydrologic, hydraulic and water quality principles, methods and procedures that are inherent in the stormwater system design. ‘These three (3) Chapters 1, 2, and 3 are the pre-requisites tothe rest of the chapters in the Manual. 3.2 Quantity Control System Design Quantity control facilities covered in the( Manual tascally deal with control at premise level; Roof Drainage (Chapter 4), Onsite Detention (Chapter 5) and Rainwater Harvesting (Chapter 6) while at community level sing Detention Pond (Chapter 7). CSD, combined with rainwater tanks, would be profersed as they redace ‘more runoff peak at small scale Detention pond is segarced-aa the most cost-efficient mean of reducing peak flood runoff. A step-by-step procedure is detailed oun text and worked example invelving ponel routing, based on storage-indication curve, in each Chapter? and 7. 33 Quality Control System Design. ‘Quality control ar best management practices (BMP3) design covered in the Manual are for permanent facilities; Infiltration (Chapter 8), Bioretention (Chapter 9), Swales (Chapter 14), Gross Pollutant Traps (Chapter 10), Water Quality Pond and Wetlands (Chapter 11) as wel for construction Frosion and Sediment control (Chapter 2) ‘The main parameters of concem are sediment, total suspended sediment (59), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitzogen (TN). TSS is known to have been the mest important pollutant for treatment as itis more readily settled out and removed. Attached with itn water column are some heavy metals and oil and grease. 3A Conveyance System Design Design procedures for conveyance system, minor andl majos, are found in Chapter 13 (Pavement Drainage), Chapter 14 (Drain and Swales), Chapter 15 (Pipe Drain), Chapter 16 (Engineered Channel}, Chapter 17 Gioengincered Channel), Chapter 18 (Culvert) and Chapter 19 (Gate and Pump). Chapter 20 contains various {Urban Stommonter Management Manual for Malaysia - 2nd Eatin x updated 24 May 2012 Jp:/swew water gov my NOT FOR SALE hydraulic structures as integral components of stormwater facilities, These facilities convey runoff from premise level to receiving waters, lakes, sivers and seas, connecting both quantity and BMPs structures. Swales are recommended in most areas while lined drain or pipe drain are suitable in highly urbanised zones. Bioengincered systems deals more with visual and ecological objectives of development. Culvert, gate and pump are common practices and their design procedures are found also in most hydraulic documents elsewhere Design procedures for gate and pump are provided to guide users in solving stormwater disposal difficulties in high talwater boundaries normally experienced at lowland areas closed to rivers and shorelines. 35 Facility Planting, Maintenance and Care Each stormwater facility shall involve planting to enhance its ecological, environmental and visual quality purposes. Annexure 1 provide lists and guidance of various ecological plants, obtained locally, for possible application at various sites, primarily Detention Pond (Chapter 7), Infiltration (Chapter™8), Bioretention (Chapter 9), Swales (Chapter 14), Water Quality Pond and Wetlands (Chapter 11) and Bigesgineered Stream (Chapter 17) Annexure 2 independently provides the required inspection, maintenance and cating procedures for most of the stormwater facilities found in the Manual. x Uren Stormeoater Management Manual for Malaysia - 2nd Eaton lated 23 May 2012 Jip:/svvew water gov my NOT FOR SALE Jp:/bvvew water gov my NOT FOR SALE INSHA 2 Eton. 2012 | Department of tigation and Dranane Malaysia CHAPTER1 DESIGN ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 11 INTRODUCTION. - a4 LL Stormwater System, a4 1.2 — Design Goal and Basis... a4 12 STORMWATER QUANTITY DESIGN CRITERIA, 12 121 Peak Dischasge Contol..... 13 1.2.11 New Development . 13 1.2.12 Redevelopment... . 13 1.2.2 Storage Facilities 14 1.221 On-site Detention, . 14 12.22 Detention Pond. 14 123 Conveyance Facilities... 15 1.23. Suxface Flow Criteria 15 1.232 Propesty Drainage 15 1.233 Pavement Drainage. 16 1.234 Open Drain and Swale: 16 1.235 Pipe Drain. wd 16 1.2.36. Engineered and Bio engineored Waterways 16 13. STORMWATER QUALITY DESIGN CRITERIA 16 131 Pollution Control. . 1 13.2 Temporary BMPS Facilities 17 13.2.1 Erosion and Sediment Control Plan. 18 1.322 Sediment Control Measures. 18 133 Perittanent BMPs Facilities... 18 133.1. Treatment Measures. 18 1332. Treatment Trains . 19 1333 Housekeeping and Education, 140 1.334. General BMPs Selection Guidance 110 14 UNIFIED DESIGN CRITERIA... 140 1.41 Natural Drainage Paths. 110 142 Property Drainage - 110 143 Drainage Reserves a 11 144 Rights of Other Authorities. 1 145 Extreme Events. a 15 SITEDEVELOPMENT... - 7 se La 15.1 Aesthetics and Functionality a 152 Landscaping, ua 153 Site Cleasing . a2 154 Land Grading. - a2 Jhp:/bwvew water gov my [MSHA 2 alton. 2012 | Department oF Inigation and Drainage Malaysia NOT FOR SALE 155 156 16 DESIGN FOR MAINTENANCE. 17 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT... REFERENCES 12 m2 a 3 aaa Jp:/bvvew water gov my NOT FOR SALE HSH 2 Eaton. 2012 | Department of Inigation and Drainage Malaysia 44 INTRODUCTION Along with the increase in water quantity, urbanization results in the increase in non-point pollutants from various municipal landuses and activities which can all end up in receiving waters. Their damaging effects axe not always immediately apparent Stormwvater management (SWM) is the mechanism for controlling stormwater runoff for the purposes of ‘minimizing the catchment flow rates, runoff volumes, frequency of flooding and degradation of surface water ‘quality through implementation of construction eresion and sediment control, quantity control and treatment best management practices (BMPs) to diminish the effects of landuse changes. In response to the change, systems consisting of curb, gutter, drain and lined channels are developed to safely convey the runoff through the catchment. Although such effects from a small individual site may seem inconsequential the collective effects of numerous sites throughout the catchment can have substantial impact on the environment, especially ina catchment’s lower reaches, 1.1 Stormwater System Stormwvater systems are divided mto two categories: major and minor. The mifior System consists of swales, gutters, pipes, on-site detention, bioretention and the various types of inlets and BMP’ that collect, store, treat and convey runoff to a discharge area or impoundment. Components in the minor quantity system are sized to manage runoft generated by the more frequent short-duration storm events» The major system includes natural streams, channels, ponds, lakes, wetlands, large pies and culverts (Figure 1.1). Design esiteria for the major ‘quantity system are typically based on significant amounts of rainlall produced by the less frequent long- duration storms. BMPs, all sizes, are designed based on the same selected storm but from much more frequent events. Figure 1: Typical Urban Drainage System (Adapted from Kibler, 1982) 112 Design Goal and Basis ‘The goal of this Manual is to provide the various design concepts, criteria and procedures that serve as the foundation for developing stormuvater managcmen: facilities, They should set limits on development; provide guidance and methods of design; provide details of key components of drainage and control systems; and ‘ensure longevity, safety, aesthetics and maintainability of the system. ‘The design acceptance ciiteria are mandatory requirements for the planning and design of new and/or “upgrading of existing stormwater management systems in urban areas. Design Acceptance Criteria u Jhp:/bwvew water gov my NOT FOR SALE [MSHA 2 alton. 2012 | Department oF Inigation and Drainage Malaysia The criteria provided in this Chapter apply to all wrban stermwvater systems, while subsequent Chapters in the Manual give more detailed requirements for designing individual system components, quantity and quality facilities, The criteria are set based on the type of landuse, level of protection required, economy, risks of failure, public safety, ecology, aesthetics, etc. One of the most common criteria used in the facility design is the average recurrence interval (ARD, which is set based on whole life economy of the facility, the level of protection xequired and the hazard potentials to the downstream areas. 12 STORMWATER QUANTITY DESIGN CRITERIA ‘The minor and major systems are closely interrelated, and the design of each component must be done in conjunction with the overall stormuvater management stancards set by the authorities (Knox County, 2008). Design storm ARIs to be adopted for the planning and design of minor and major storm runoff quantity systems shall be in accordance with Table 1.1. The storm runoff quantity design fundamentals are given in Chapter 2 of this Manual. ‘Table 14: Quantity Design Storm ARIS ‘Minin ARL (Vea) ‘Type of Development (See Note2) ee Note1) Minos System Major System (Gee Note 3) (Gee Note 3) Residential Bungalow and semi-detached 5 50 dwellings Link house/apastment 10 100 ‘Commercial and business center 10 100 Industry 10 300 Sport field, park and agricultural land 2 20 Tnfrastrcre/ utility 5 10 Institstional building / complex 10 100 Notes: 1. For mixed dewolopment, the highest 3f the applicable storm AKIs from the Table shall be adopted. 2. In thease where designing to the higher ART would be impractical, the selection of appropriate ARI should be adjusted '2 optimise the cost to benefit ratio or social Jnctors. If justified, a lower ART might be adopted for the major system, with, consultation and approval from the Department of ligation andl Drainage (DID) “Even ifthe stormvatereystem forthe existing developed condition is designed for a lower ARI storm, sufficient land should be reserved for higher ARI flow rates, 90 ‘that the system oan be upgsaded when the area i Dail sp in the fate 3. All development projects shall be protected from both minor and major Hoods and, therefore, must have combination of minor and major systems, Habitable floor levels ofthe buildings (platform level) shall be sat above the 100 year ARI flood level based on the most recent data aailable. The drainage submission must chow ‘the minor and auajor system components in their drawings and plans, ‘The minor cyctant fs intended te collect, control and convey

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