MATERIALS TRENDS AND PRACTICES IN INTERIORS

ACROSS INDIA

TITLE OF THE STUDY

A Comprehensive Study on “Material trends and practices in interiors across Country”

MEANING:
During the prehistoric age, human beings built huts in order to defend themselves
from environmental factors and other living creatures. They were the first architectural
samples. In order to build these huts simple materials, which can be gathered easily from the
environment, were used. Afterwards different construction techniques developed, and the
building materials also improved and evolved. At the beginning, construction and strength of
the building were of prime importance and space phenomenon did not develop. After the
improvement of new building techniques, interior space gained importance. In order to create
an aesthetic and durable interior space, some factors had to be taken into consideration. These
are environmental effects (heat, water, moisture, noise, light, etc.), mechanical effects and
aesthetic requirements. The layer which was created to provide these features is called
"finishing layer". Finishing layer must be aesthetic, durable and strong. Also, in recent years,
ecology of the building and finishing materials has gained importance in order to protect the
user health and ecological balance of the world.

INTRODUCTION:
Indian people’s Globalized aesthetic vision, taste, culture is improvising from India
Independence to till date every day. Different construction techniques developed and the
interior materials also improved and evolved. Today interior space and materials gained a
gradual importance.
The Interior architectural forms and styles are usually carefully articulated in a variety
of Interior building materials. Interior materials are generally of high decorative and
structural quality, durable and usually resistant to premature deterioration if understood and
cared for through basic maintenance. The distinct characteristics of the primary interior
materials, including the scale of the material unit, its texture and finish, contribute to the
interior spaces. The material that we choose for our floors and walls must be prioritized in
such a way so we can splurge effectively. Contemporary interior materials can match the
desired original if feasible. We shall study in this paper about the Interior materials through
the futuristic vision.
AIM:
To study about the evolution, practices and techniques used across the country during
ancient times and till date. This study also aims at bringing out any social production process
involved in the evolution of the material or the spatial planning and the advantages and
limitations the people faced during the periods.
SOCIAL PRODUCTION PROCESS, the process and product arising from the
experience of people in a community collectively determining the conditions of their own
habitat (dwelling place and living environment). Social production is found when people take
the initiative to pose solutions to the problems arising from their living conditions. The social
production process has played a very important role in development and evolution of various
building materials and planning aspects in a building.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To study the trends and practices in interiors
 To evaluate the effectiveness of the practices in both the eras
 To evaluate the major differences of use of materials to construct the buldings,
including floors, roofs, walls in ancient times and now
 To determine the technology practices
 To determine the effectiveness of cost in both the periods
 To evaluate the contribution of manpower in the work and to evaluate the time
consuming period
 To study and suggest about the best practices which can be practiced and
followed to have a effective work and result.

SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH

The scope of research is the classification of finishing materials according to their
place of use and identifying important performance criterion needed under different
conditions. Different applications of frequently used finishing materials were examined by
emphasizing their visual and ecological properties.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Finishing can be defined as the final layer which protect and fix the surface of the
building elements. This layer plays an important role in visual and psychological definition of
interior space. At the period of traditional building techniques, buildings were usually
produced by traditional materials such as stone, wood and adobe. They were used uncoated or
sometimes plastered. After the transition to modern building techniques: the building section
got thinner and new layers had to be added in order to provide comfort requirements.
Consequently, finishing layers were needed. The main purpose of finishing layer is to fix the
surface. Also, it is essential to coat wall, floor and ceiling in order to create a suitable
appearance and to protect the construction from effects of water, heat, moisture, abrasion.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
 To know the evolution of interior practices, procedures.
 Comparison of procedures may lead to study in depth.
 To know the outcomes and effective work in order to compare.
 In order to know the economic issues.
 In order to know the environmental issues.
 In order to study the and examine the cost effectiveness
 To examine the timeliness i.e time taken to analyse, plan, implement and to get the
outcome.
 To examine the finishing structure of the projects as a whole
 The most important issue is to know the manpower, skills and how the work was or is
done by the workers in given period of time.
 To examine the technical barriers and advantages.

NEED FOR INTERIOR MATERIAL RESEARCH AT THIS POINT OF TIME/

SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERIOR MATERIAL RESEARCH.
Quality Interior design reflects “Understand Excellence” and assures that our facilities
are attractive, environmentally safe, operationally efficient and maintainable. The interior
designer must strive for sound economical, functional and aesthetic design achievements.
Well-designed facilities satisfy the user’s needs, instill pride of ownership and promote
productivity in the workplace and living space.
In order to create an aesthetic and durable interior space, environmental factors also
had to be taken into consideration. Like the requirements of heat, ventilation, water, moisture,
noise, light, etc., The layer which was created to provide these features is called "finishing
layer". Finishing layer has to be aesthetic, durable and strong. Also in recent years, ecology of
the interior and finishing materials have gained importance in order to protect the user health
and ecological balance of the world. Different types of frequently used finishing materials
were examined by emphasizing their visual and ecological and economical properties.

  CHAPTERIZATION

Chapter-2 - Spatial planning in residences

Chapter-3 - Materials used in wall finishes
Chapter-4 - Materials used in floor finishes
Chapter-5 - Materials used in roofing & ceiling
Chapter-6 - Comparative analysis of materials
Chapter-7 - Conclusion
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Identifying various
materials used
across india

Origin of material

Qualitative analysis

Quantitative analysis

Quantitative analysis

Construction techniques

Comparitative analysis

Conclusiom
FUTURE RESEARCH POTENTIALITIES
The construction industry is a major source of pollution, responsible for around 4% of
particulate emissions, more water pollution incidents than any other industry, and thousands
of noise complaints every year. Although construction activities also pollute the soil, the
main areas of concern are: air, water and noise pollution. Therefore the research on eco-
friendly materials is gaining popularity in recent days.
As research and development in materials science advance, new ways of constructing
buildings are emerging that are sustainable and environment friendly. Some will inevitably
find their places in small niches, others might turn out to have broad applicability, but what is
certain is that the buildings of the next decade will be stronger, more environmentally
friendly, and more cost-efficient than the buildings of the last one.