The primary goal of environment sociology was to explain the links between human societies to

the natural (or biophysical) climate, which have arisen in the 1970s as an expansion in public
awareness and concern for environmental problems. Four major research areas have been
described as environmental sociology.

The social causes of environmental problems are examined by environmental sociologists first.
In this regard, scholars have developed a range of theoretical frameworks to explain how diverse
social factors, including demographic, social, cultural, political, economic and technological
dynamics, generate impacts and environmental problems. Furthermore, the topic of
environmental sociology is how the natural environment shapes and impacts culture. In addition
to the impact of society on the environment, early environmental sociologists strongly
emphasized the dependency of human society on the natural environment and stressed that the
field was to consider how the environment would shape society.

Thirdly, the sociology of the environment looks at social reactions and answers to environmental
threats and problems. This field research focuses on the understanding of environmental attitudes
and behavior patterns and trends (for instance recycling) and diverse aspects of the movement.
Fourthly, environmental sociologists understand social processes and dynamics to promote
environmental reform and sustainable development.

Davis shows how Sea World monitors its audience and handles animals and landscapes for the
purpose of making pleasure and how the company's campaign for a positive public identity
contradicts it. The park poses challenges in the practical and public relations fields by shifting
popular attitudes, activism for animal rights and environmental laws. Davis confronts the huge
operations of the park with a remarkable insight and originality, revealing Sea World as both an
industrial product and a characteristic of American contemporary culture.

Rikoon, examines different ways in which humans construct Nature. He explained that
domesticity is the most creative way of studying nature like someone kept pets in his/her farm
and feed them daily in the morning and beside this also deeply focus the environment in the
morning. Such people are more close to the nature then those which focus the nature in the last
decades of their lives. Such people didn’t enjoy the nature they can just imagine the pleasure of
feeling the nature in the morning and smell of sweet flowers[1].
While faced with life or death, a climate change such as this is stuck in the gap between
humanity and the environment, essentially cannot help to re-enact world life that does not
destroy or even extinguish human and extra human lives. The only way to conceive of current
socio-ecological problems is through the relationship of Anthropos to his environment to frame
them as a crisis in the environment which can, hypothetically, be addressed by the very same
social model that has created it. However, if the transformation of certain life elements of the
world into the human environment is part of the problem, social and ecological problems cannot
be adequately addressed whether they are presented as climate issues, understand or
discussed[2].
Reference:
1. Rikoon, J.S., Environmental Sociology, D.M.A. Leslie King, Editor. 2009, Rowman & Littlefield. p.
122-140.

2. João Aldeia, F.A., Against the Environment. Problems in Society/Nature Relations. 2019.