1.

TABLE OF CONTENTS (ToC)

PAGES
NO.
Author’s Declaration
Acknowledgments 1
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Plates
List of Abbreviations

CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH

1.1 Background
Describe about the overview of the research that you want
to do. It revolves with the general statement on the subject
that you choose as your project or research.
1.2 Problem Statements:
State clearly on the problems that you encounter or find
out from the topic that you compose. Any research or
project that you want to proceed, you identify the
problems. Without problems, your research or project is
not strong enough to be carried out.
1.3 Objectives:
Clearly state the objectives of your research or project.
Make it clear because it will justify with the method. Outline
1 or 2 Objective is enough. (Do not put too many objectives.
It is because every Objective, there is must be identified by
Methodology).
To develop

1.4 Significant of the studies:

State clearly what is the significant of your research or
project
1.5 Limitations and Delimitations: You can also use The
Scope of the Study or Research. (Not compulsory).
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

(What, how and why photograph is important in our daily

2.1 lives).
Photograph and its fundamental contents
2.1.1 Realistic function (Sensation)
2.1.2 Interpretive function (Perception)
2.2 Photograph as a Communication
2.3 The significant of photograph as practice in (your
specific interest areas). The fundamental elements that
why photography is required in our daily lives.
2.4

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Qualitative or Quantitative:
State clearly what type of research approach that you are
going employ. Normally in social science and humanity
research, Qualitative Approach is normally will be used.
3.2 Survey / Observation / Interview / Questionnaires /
Experimental / Visual as Method, etc. You must state and
clarify clearly on what type of method that is suitable in
your research or project.
3.3 State clearly on how you collect related information / data.

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

Detail discussion on what / information / data that you
obtain from the process of data collection. If possible, you
can list down one by one the outcomes that you obtain
from your research.
4.1
4.2
4.3

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

 5.1 Conclusions:
State clearly what are the outcomes from your research
5.2 Recommendations:
Provide some recommendations that you think very
important to be highlighted to respective peoples,
organizations, etc.

REFERENCES
APPENDICES

2. FORMAT OF ABSTRACT

Introduction
Objectives
Methodology
Findings
Conclusions & Recommendations

Total Words: Between 250 to 300 words.