xi CONTENTS i HIGH & MEDIUM HEAD SCHEMES 127 - 19 i 9 9.1 Introduction 197 | 9.2 Power station below high dams 127 9.3 Power station at the end of tunnel and penstocks 129 A | 9.4 Pumped storage plants 129 | 9.5 Medium head schemes 132 | i UNCONVENTIONAL LAYOUTS OF HYDRO A POWER DEVELOPMENT 138 - 157 t 10 10.1 General 133 10,2 Hydrodam-pier type; well hydro- combine; Dam and powerhouse combinations; linear layout of spillwways power house 34 10.3 Power house spillway-power house below spillway 150 ' 1044 Units in circular shaft 154 10.5 Long shaft power house 156 i 10.6 Power house combined with i shaft spillway 137 | SMALL HYDRO SCHEMES 158-174 - 1 11.1 Introduction 158 I 11.2. Turbines for mini-power 159 11.3 Layout & civil works 170 11.4 Beonomie feasibility 173 Part C Investigation & Planning of Schemes i STAGES OF INVESTIGATIONS 175 - 178 12.1 Introduction 175, 7 122 Preliminary feasibility report 4 PFR 176 12.3 Detailed project report (DPR) 17 124 Pre-construction surveys and investigations 17 12.5 Type of investigations 178 CONTENTS: ii PRESENTATION OF PROJECT REPORT 179-187 13 13.1 132 13.3 14 13.5 13.6 Introduction 179 Outline for presentation of power project i79 Salient features for power project (Storage) 181 Salient features for power project (Diversion) 183 Project-need 186 Location and scheme of development 186 HYDROLOGY AND WATER AVAILABILITY 188 - 217 14.1 Water availability-dependabilitys u4 direct observation method; rain~ fall runoff series method; W.B. Tanghein's log deviation methods strange’s table method 188 14.2 Design flood-major and medium dams; Barrages and minor dams; weirs and aqueduets ete. 191 14.3 Flood Estimation-unit hydro~ graph method; flood frequency «method; regional flood frequency analysis empirical flood formulaes enveloping curves 195 144 Water requirement 201 Design examples 203 SURVEYS AND INVESTIGATIONS 218 - 248 15.1 Introduction 218 15 15.2 Topographical surveys 218 15.8 Meteorological investigations 228, 15.4 Hydrological investigations 229 15.5 Construction material investigations 230