3.

Find the critical points

f x ( x , y )=5 x2 – 15 x=0
=> {
f y ( x , y )=2 y 2+ 2 y −4=0
=>

x=0 , x=3
{ y=−2 , y=1
There are four critical points (0,-2) (0,1) (3,-2) (3,1)

=> {f fx=−3−12 x=0

y=1−2 y =0
=> x= -1/4, y=1/2

Thus, (-1/4 , 1/2) is the only critical point

f xx=¿ -12 <0

fyy = -2

fxy= 0

Thus, ∆= 24 – 0 = 24 >0

 there is a relative maximum at (-1/4 , 1/2)

=> {f kf =2l+6
l=l+2 k −69=0
k−164=0
=> l=43 and k = 13

Thus, (43, 13) is the only critical point

Fll= 1 >0

Fkk= 6

Flk= 2

∆ = 6 – 4 = 2>0
 relative minimum at (43,13)
Pl = 4.36l – 0.06l2 = 0 => l = 0, l = 218/3

Pk = 3,94k – 0,09k2 = 0 => k = 0, k = 394/9

Critical points (0,0) (0,394/9) ( 218/3, 0 ) (218/3, 394/9)

Pll = 4.36 – 0.12l

Pkk = 3.94 – 0.18k

Plk = 0

 (l,k) = (218/3, 394/9)

Hence, to maximize profit, the firm should produce at 218/3 of inputs l and 394/9 of inputs k

The total profit

P= Qa (60 – Qa2) + Qb(72 – 2Qb2) – 3/2 Qa2 – 3Qb2

=
60Qa – Qa3 + 72Qb – 2Qb3 – 3/2 Qa2 – 3Qb2

PQa= -3Qa2 -3Qa + 60 = 0 => Qa = 4, Qa = -5 (rejected)

PQb= -6Qb2 -6Qb +72 = 0

 Qb = 3 , Qb= -4 (rejected)

Therefore to maximize profit manufacturer should produce at Qa = 4,Qb = 3

When qA = 3 , qB = 1

CqA = 2qA + 2qB +a = 0 => a= -8

CqB = 6qB + 2qA + b = 0 => b= -12

C= 15 => d= -15

F(x,y,z,λ) = X2 + y2 + z2 - λ (2x +y –z -9)

Setting Fx= Fy = Fz = F λ = 0

2 x −2 λ=0 x= λ

{ 2 y−λ=0
2 z + λ=0
2 x + y−z −9=0
=>
{
y =λ/2
z=−λ/2
2 x + y−z −9=0

λ λ
=> 2 λ + + – 9 =0 => λ =3
2 2
=> x = 3, y = 3/2, z= -3/2

 (3,3/2, -3/2) is the only critical point

F(x,y,z, λ 1 , λ 2¿ = x2 + 2y – z2 - λ 1 ( 2 x− y )−λ 2 ( y+ z )
 2 x−2∗λ 1=0


{ 2+ λ 1−λ 2=0
−2 z−λ 2=0
−2 x+ y=0
− y −z=0

x=λ 1(1)


{ 2+ λ 1−λ 2=0(2)
z =−λ 2/2(3)
2 x= y ( 4 )
− y =z(5)

(3)(4)(5) => 2x = y = -z = λ 2/2 => x = λ 2/ 4 (6)

(1)(6) => λ 2 = 4 λ 1 (7)

2
(2)(7) => 2+ λ 1+ 4∗λ 1=0 => λ 1=
3
8
(7)=> λ 2=
3
=> x = λ 2/ 4 = 8/12 = 2/3

=> y = 4/3

=> z = -y = -4/3

Hence, (2/3, 4/3, -4/3 ) is the only critical point

4l +8k =88

F(l,k,λ) = 12l + 20k –l2 -2k2 – λ(4l+8k -88)

Fl= 12 -2l - 4 λ

Fk= 20 – 4k -8 λ

F λ= -(4l+8k -88)

 (l,k) = (8,7) => greatest output f= 74

2x + 3y =48

 U = x3y3 – λ(2x + 3y-48)

Ux = 3x2 y3 - 2 λ (1)

Uy = 3y2 x3 - 3 λ (2)

Uλ = -(2x + 3y-48) (3)

(1)(2) => 9x2 y3 - 6y2 x3 = 0

(3) => x= (-3y + 48)/2

=> y = 8, x = 12