ELECTION LAW

ARTICLE 1. General Provisions

Section 1. Title

Section 1.1.—Congressional power to regulate elections

1. Macalintal v. Comelec, G.R. No. 157013, July 10, 2003

Section 1.2.—Laws governing elections

Section 1.3.—History of election laws

2. U.S. v. Cueto, 38 Phil. 935 (1918)

Section 1.4.—Purpose of election laws

3. U.S. v. Cueto, 38 Phi. 935 (1918)
4. Maruhom v. Comelec, G.R. No. 139357, May 5, 2000
5. Cauton v. Comelec, 19 SCRA 911 (1967)
6. Altavas v. Municipal Council of Capiz, 60 Phil.. 84 (1934)
7. Buencamino v. Municipal Council of Bongabong, 62 Phil. 72 (1935)
8. Bailles v. Cabili, 27 SCRA 113 (1969)
9. Gardiner v. Romulo 26 Phil. 521 (1914)
10. Pungutan v. Comelec, 43 SCRA 1 (1972)
11. Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665 (1987)
12. Rulloda v. Comelec, G.R. No. 154198, January 20, 2003
13. Millare v. Gironella, 122 SCRA 623 (1983)
14. Lino Luna v. Rodriguez, 39 Phil. 208 (1918)

Section 1.5.—Practice tip

15. Millare v. Gironella, 122 SCRA 623 (1983)

Section 1.6.—Main feature of election laws; Australian ballot system

16. U.S. v. Cueto, 38 Phil. 935 (1918)
17. Altavas v. Municipal Council of Capiz, 60 Phil. 84 (1934)

Section 1.7.—Construction of election laws

18. Maruhom v. Comelec, G.R. No. 139357, May 5, 2000
19. Frivaldo v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 727 (1996)
20. Rulloda v. Comelec, G.R. No. 154198, January 20, 2003
21. Gardiner v. Romulo, 26 Phil. 521 (1914)
22. Lino Luna v. Rodriguez, 39 Phil. 208 (1918)
23. Alcala v. Comelec, 133 SCRA 352 (1984)
24. Saya-Ang v. Comelec, G.R. No. 155087, November 28, 2003
25. Ali v. CFI of Lanao, 80 Phil. 506 (1948)
26. Pahilan v. Tabalba, 230 SCRA 205 (1993)
27. Bince v. Comelec, 242 SCRA 273 (1995)
28. Yra v. Abano, 52 Phil. 380 (1928)

Section 1.8.—Illustrative cases

29. Dela Llana v. Comelec, G.R. No. 152080, November 28, 2003, 416 SCRA 638, 648
30. Duremdes v. Comelec, GR. No.s 86362-63, October 27, 1989, 178 SCRA 746, 759
31. Juliano v. CA and Sinsuat, G.R. No. L-27477, July 28, 1967, 20 SCRA 808, 818-819
32. Alejandro v. Comelec, G.R. No. 167101, January 31, 2006
33. Gardiner v. Romulo, 26 Phil. 521 (1914)
34. Angeles v. Rodriguez, 46 Phil. 595 (1924)
35. Lambonao v. Tero, 15 SCRA 716 (1965)
36. Bince v. Comelec, 242 SCRA 273 (1995)

Section 1.9.—Caution in citing cases

37. Sanchez v. Comelec, 114 SCRA 454 (1982)
38. Abes v. Comelec, 21 SCRA 1252 (1967)

Section 1.10.--Comment

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Section 2. Applicability

Section 2.1.—Elections; definition, basis, and nature

39. Rulloda v. Comelec, G.R. No. 154198, January 20, 2003
40. Hontiveros v. Altavas, 24 Phil. 632 (1913)
41. Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 50 SCRA 103, March 31, 1973
42. Taule v. Santos, 200 SCRA 512 (1991)

Section 2.2.—Any election

43. Gatchalian v. Comelec, 35 SCRA 438, October 22, 1970

Section 2.3.—Regular and special election

44. Paras v. Comelec, 264 SCRA 49 (1996)
45. Papa v. Municipal Board, 47 Phil. 700
46. Lucero v. Comelec, 234 SCRA 280 (1994)

Section 2.4.—After election

47. Hontiveros v. Altavas, 24 Phil. 632 (1913)

Section 2.5.—Purpose of election

48. Yason v. Comelec, 134 SCRA 731
49. Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665 (1987)

Section 2.6.—Initiative and referendum

50. Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority v. Comelec, 262 SCRA 492 (1996)—p. 13
51. Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority v. Comelec, 262 SCRA 492 (1996)—p. 14

Section 2.7.—Plebiscite
Section 2.8.—Recall
52. Angobung v. Comelec, 269 SCRA 245 (1997)—p.15 par. 5
53. Angobung v. Comelec, 269 SCRA 245 (1997)—p.15 par. 7
54. Claudio v. Comelec, G.R. No. 140560, May 4, 2000
55. Paras v. Comelec, 264 SCRA 48 (1996)
56. Socrates v. Comelec, G.R. No. 154512, November 12, 2002

Section 3. Election and campaign periods

Section 3.1.—Election period and campaign period distinguished
57. Peralta v. Comelec, 82 SCRA 30

Section 3.2.—Election day

Section 3.3.—Comelec power to fix election period

58. Occena v. Comelec, 95 SCRA 775 (1980)

Section 3.4.—Caution

Section 4. Obligation to register and vote

Section 4.1.—Related provisions

Section 4.2.—Constitutional provision

Section 4.3.—Suffrage; definition, nature, and basis

59. Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 50 SCRA 103, March 31, 1973
60. Nolasco v. Comelec, 275 SCRA 763 (1997)
61. Garchitorena v. Crescini, 39 Phil. 258 (1918)
62. Moya v. Del Fierro, 69 Phil. 199 (1939)
63. Bailles v. Cabili, 27, SCRA 113 (1969)
64. Pungutan v. Comele, 43 SCRA 1 (1972)
65. Macolor v. Amores, 94 Phil. 1 (1953)

Section 4.4.—Suffrage as a right and privilege

66. Lacson v. Posadas, 72 SCRA 168 (1976)
67. People v. Corral, 62 Phil. 945 (1936)
68. Nicolas-Lewis v. Comelec, G.R. No. 162759, August 4, 2006

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 Section 4.5.—Suffrage as a duty
69. Abanil v. Justice of the Peace of Bacolod, 70 Phil. 28 (1940)

Section 4.6.--Comment

Section 4.7.—Role of judiciary

70. Moya v. Del Fierro, 69 Phil. 199 (1939)
71. Pungutan v. Comelec, 43 SCRA 1 (1972)

Section 5. Postponement of election

Section 5.1.—Amending statutes

Section 5.2.—Comelec power to postpone

72. Benito v. Comelec, G.R. No. 134913, January 19, 2001
73. Sumbing v. Davide, G.R. NO. 86850, July 20, 1989
74. Montescarlos v. Comelec, G.R. No. 152295, July 9, 2002

Section 5.3.—Grounds for postponement

75. Dimaporo v. Comelec, G.R. No. 81151, January 7, 1988

Section 6. Failure of Election

Section 6.1.—Amending statutes

Section 6.2.—Nature
76. Banaga v. Comelec, G.R. No. 134696, July 31, 2000, 336 SCRA 701
77. Mitmug v. Comelec, 230 SCRA 54 (1994)
78. Borja v. Comelec, 260 SCRA 605 (1995)—p. 23 par. 2
79. Borja v. Comelec, 260 SCRA 605 (1996)—p. 23 par. 3

Section 6.3.—Comelec power to declare failure

80. Pungutan v. Comelec, 43 SCRA 1 (1972)
81. Banaga v. Comelec, G.R. No. 134696, July 31, 2000, 336 SCRA 701
82. Benito v. Comelec, G.R. No. 134913, January 19, 2001
83. Cawasa v. Comelec, G.R. No. 150469, July 3, 2002

Section 6.4.—Grounds for declaring failure

84. Canicosa v. Comelec, 282 SCRA 512 (1997)
85. Pasandalan v. Comelec, G.R. No. 150312, July 18, 2002—p.14
86. Pasandalan v. Comelec, G.R. No. 150312, July 18, 2002—p.15
87. Mitmug v. Comelec, 230 SCRA 54 (1994)
88. Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1 (1996)
89. Hassan v. Comelec, 264 SCRA 125 (1996)
90. Macabago v. Comelec, G.R. No. 152163, November 18, 2002
91. Tan v. Comelec, G.R. Nos. 148575-76 and 152882-83, December 10, 2003, 417 SCRA 532
92. Galo v. Comelec, G.R. No. 164225, April 19, 2006
93. Cawasa v. Comelec, G.R. No. 150469, July 3, 2002
94. Sardea v. Comelec, 225 SCRA 374—p.26
95. Sardea v. Comelec, 225 SCRA 374 (1993)—p.27
96. Hassan v. Comelec, 264 SCRA 125 (1996)
97. Mitmug v. Comelec, 230 SCRA 54 (1994)
98. Banaga v. Comelec, 336 SCRA 701 (2000)
99. Typoco v. Comelec, 319 SCRA 498 (1999)
100. Macabago v. Comelec, G.R. No. 152163, November 18, 2002
101. Borja v. Comelec, 206 SCRA 605 (1996)
102. Balindong v. Comelec, 260 SCRA 494 (1996)
103. Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665 (1987)
104. Lucero v. Comelec, 234 SCRA 280 (1994)

Section 6.5.—Petition
105. Mitmug v. Comelec, 230 SCRA 54 (1994)
106. Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1 (1996)

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 Section 6.6.—Time for filing
107. Hassan v. Comelec, 264 SCRA 125 (1996)
108. Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1 (1996)
109. Banaga v. Comelec, G.R. No. 134696, July 31, 2000, 336 SCRA 701

Section 6.7.—Hearing
110. Borja v. Comelec, 260 SCRA 605 (1996)
111. Mitmug v. Comelec, 230 SCRA 54 (1994)
112. Typoco v. Comelec, 319 SCRA 498 (1999)
113. Pasandalan v. Comelec, G.R No. 150312, July 18, 2002—p.30, par. 1
114. Banaga Jr. v. Comelec, 336 SCRA 701 (2000)
115. Pasandalan v. Comelec, G.R. No. 150312, July 18, 2002—p. 30 par. 3

Section 6.8.—Evidence
116. Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1 (1996)
117. Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665 (1987)—p.30
118. Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665 (1987)—p.31 par. 1
119. Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665 (1987)—p.31 par. 2

Section 6.9.—Practice tip

120. Typoco v. Comelec, 319 SCRA 498 (1999)
121. Pasandalan v. Cmelec, G.R. No. 150312, July 18, 2002
122. Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) v. Comelec, 150 SCRA 665 (1987)

Section 6.10.—Annulment of election

123. Sanchez v. Comelec, 114 SCRA 454 (1982)—p. 32 par. 2
124. Sanchez v. Comelec, 114 SCRA 454 (1982)—p. 32 par. 3
125. Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1 (1996)

Section 6.11.—Call for continuation of election or special election

126. Lucero v. Comelec, 234 SCRA 280 (1994)
127. Borja v. Comelec, 260 SCRA 604 (1996)
128. Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1 (1996)
129. Hassan v. Comelec, 264 SCRA 125 (1996)

Section 6.12.—Effect of pre-proclamation controversy

130. Loong v. Comelec, 257 SCRA 1 (1996)

Section 6.13.—Fixing date of special Elections

131. Sambarani v. Comelec, G.R No. 160427

Section 7. Call of Special Election

Section 7.1.—Constitutional Provision

Section 7.2.—Amending statutes

Section 7.3.—Comelec power to call special election

132. Benito v. Comelec, G.R. No. 134913, January 19, 2001

Section 7.4.—Taxpayer’s right to demand

133. Lozada v. Comelec, 120 SCRA 337 (1983)

Section 8. Election Code to be available in polling places

Section 9. Official mail and telegram relative to elections

Section 10. Election expenses

Section 11. Failure to assume office

Section 11.1.—Criminal penalty

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Section 12. Disqualifications

Section 12.1.—Related provisions

Section 12.2.—Applicability
134. Pendon v. Diasnes, 91 Phil. 848 (1952)

Section 12.3.—Local Government Code

Section 12.4.—Moral turpitude

135. Dela Torre v. Comelec, 258 SCRA 483 (1996)
136. Villaber v. Comelec, G.R. No. 148326
137. Magno v. Comelec, G.R. No. 147904, October 4, 2002

Section 12.5—Comment
138. Magno v. Comelec, G.R. No. 147904, October 4, 2002