No. bate. | wae _ NAZRATUL NADWA BUNT CAEDUIN MATING NuMBER AI SCOIEA i oe 2) Standard coluson 6 | coun no concentranon Ie known, 2) indicator We A compound MOH haw a Prysica property which cnonges abruptly near tre equivalence Be po 4) Tiromon error 16 a aifiirence betuwen tne cbserad 2nd fount ond the wus soyrence pot 8) Pemary standard A compound with heres purty which tw used te dovermine. dueciy Or Tvctrecay the concentration of tre anaste and standard celuton fora stration 2s | standandizomon i¢ tne wensted oF noemen tionon proces 4 = 2 es » ope of eandonzaien { Ss - Prepace ntrant with ogpronenaialy - > ‘Use to ttrate 4 —? determing the cevcentranon Te deed cencanraren pinay eontrd of we ntranta) | Equivaisree port Endpoint { |- A poirt where the chemical reacnen In the tromen mixture ere © It grows that tre unknown = A point where a colour change oven: [-treetom enone the unenowa analyte FAs compieriy reacted anayie hae competely reacted with the thant. with he thant or not: -Notainays inalcetad ey the Golour charge of the reagtion = Ainaye indicated by the change of colour for the reachon mixture +2 b) A cecondery Standord Solution needs to be Standardized before It can 86 LEER a6 A ttrOnt because it does not meat the requirements Or deewed proporhas of the primary standond. The requirement ove. including high purty, sTabity nar, abeance Of hydrated water moleqiee, maderate cost and easy avallabiity - celubility in the bration eolshone and large moeeular weight: - @) | Strong acid © Orrong vase tone: =0+2000 MW nse ee Hol + kon —» Had + Nadi 1 Cvowme = 90 mL - | Gone: = 0: logo m D Her nt + O17 y T 1m OIM CHtT= OM PH = -log Ht 24008) daehal mot of HEL (0-02 b x 21000 mel» 299 x10~? may + 7 a _ Added $00 mi of KOH | 005 bx PA0OM «1. 00%10? mol + : Hel a Kou | mole before | a-00 x10 | 0 100x107? mols change |-100x10"? [+100x10% |-1.00x107 moe end | -00n0"? | 1.00x0 | 0 molarity, new o 1.00 x10"? moi | Meantyot Hel = yaaa T volume = 20.0mv+ 5,09 mu = 004m Hél 225 Om = D104 M H30 | 7 _pH= -log Cleat] | s -10g (0-04 00 | = 140 7 baste att Cneak acia- aireng woes) weak acid -¢trong —? Strong acid- trond boas poe hs equivalence port, PHS - ~ COSI, (strong act strong bace) - youre of strat (mu? | Maa = MyYb " 9:1000 m (0-02 v) = 0-200 (a) m= OOIL 210 mL | =2] Beek Kasey bt Emo 1480 MATH | ARO mi, one. 2? Hasty | MeG0 + INADK e220 + NIAGOy Ma to: 06m DL HaGOe (006m, FOOL) mare > bv 8 0b m—> 010015 M (Aiuto) £0 06 MIE m= (0.0015 m)61000 mb) , | 2 1000 me *= 25.0 me t —_ Pe a — Prapare 1000 mk volumeme flag < caiculme Youmé OF 2°SEM HaF0% requitad 40 make Ha60y sciunon (19:001%m .1000 mv) = Ba. — > eamste 2B .Omb oF 0-06 HaS0e by umn 4 2E oe | pipette and pour it into the volumetme flask a _g- - ps - Fill re vowmetic “oem with dishlad water unni hit He caileration : Cad 1 - ¢ = | Flows with dopper and shana the vlmetne BAe by | - inverting t about 10 times: 2. £ ed of prepantaonWi) Mohn stration is camed cut at pH between 7 10 10 becaues chromate ion ib the conjugate base of the wae chromc-acid Furthéemore, in low pH Eolution, the chromate 107 6 too low to produce the preaptae at the squnaience port. W) Volhard méthed 16 more meferdoie ae it aves accurats recut Compared to Ine Mohr ttranen: » Thee properhes of EDTA & One of the most common chewving agente An amphoteric gubstanc > Murasorae ligand Antacid (36 O mb, EDTA (0.0550 Mm, (3.70mb) Metarity of Gatos =? 8 1n ppm evra 1 o-oo melt , O.013FL 1 mol Cart ay oe a Time ertA_* 7-399x10"* mot cast = / _ 1S Seep ) TI, WT Ta cas . __| 7: 835+10™ mel Ca” » Tmo ca” "i mol gatos = 90794 9 cas | - ae 1g Ca akacmanere ry 1000. . 1000 ma Cala _7 0:0954.9 Calls * “Tagg cacos * 0 a50Lgenstion ——— 2 3017-0) mat £3017 10% mg/ba 80. OmL, 0:0800m fot Be Pot Eros tery cet + Fear Gett1S we Ce Gar) OV 1 b36 2B 0 © f 0 a6 436.26 9 [tainal mmol Fa%* 2 20:0 mL x 20500 mmal 5 v % = 2:50 mmol Nemetequnton ger. 2? og mmol ceY* addedz 12. Smy » 21000 mmol 1:25 mmol 0-059 5 =O pg% jest ~~ 1 2 0- #6F V- 0.0642 10g 2 OF6FV Fea, = 0: 267 V - 0-0592 log Hey ed 2 1700 V- Ce" — beg, = #00 V- 00502 9-4 — @ 1@2 teeter - Ea, = Eiger 4 El - 00842 tog HEGRE TT Ay the equienence point, Cre "J = Cce?t] Cre] = Cee] riceesT Eg 2 E°eget y Brg ® - 0-0692 tag cence 2Ea, = | 700V + 0-467 2g = 2.467 eq arv‘UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA. FACULTY OF SCIENCE, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SSCC 243 PRINCIPLES OF ANALYTICAL CE CHEMISTRY SEMESTER NAME: MATRIC NUMBER: ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS Part A Wis a volume amalyuis? ‘What is a standard solution’ ‘What is an indicator? How is standardization performed? (a) _ Differentiate between end point and equivalence point in a titration? (b) Briefly explain why a secondary standard solution needs to be standardized before it can be used as a titrant. (©) Ina titration of a strong acid with a strang base, 20 mL. aliquot of 0,100 M hydrochloric acid, ‘HCl is titrated with 0.2000 M potassium hydroxide, KOH. i. What is the initial pH of HCI? ii, Calculate the pH after the addition of 5.00 mL of KOH. iti, Sketch @ possible titration curve for this type of titration. By using the same axes, sketch another titration curve if HCI is replaced by ethanoic acid, CHyCOOH (a weak acid). Indicate the equivalence points on each of the curves. (@) Sulphuric acid, HsSQ. is widely used im the analytical laboratory and industry for various applications. Assume that you have $00 L of an aqueous sulphuric acid for which you wish to peal ay 1f 50 mL aliquot of sulphuric acid is titrated and requires 42.85 mL of 0.1400 M NaOH for complete neutralization, calculate the concentration of sulphuric acid. ii, Briefly explain the procedure applied to prepare a more diluted sulphuric acid (0.0015 M in 1000 mL). QUESTION 2(a) (b) ) id) Determination of chloride ion (CI) in water sample was performed by using Mohr and ‘Vothard methods. 4 State the indicator used in Mobr method. ii, Briefly explain why back titration is utilized in Volhard method. ili, Why is Mohr titration carried out at pH between 7 to 107 iv. Which approach do you preferred and why? In complexometric titration, ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) is routinely used as titrant to-complex with metal ions. State three properties of EDTA. Antacid wblets are commercially available and usually contain a combination of CaCO, MgCOs, MgO and filler-binders. A 25.0 ml. aliquot of antacid sample solution was taken, the pH adjusted, and titrated with 13,70 mL. of 0.0550 M EDTA. Calculate the molarity of CaCO, present and then convert into part per million (ppm). (FW CaCO, = 100.1 g/mol) Fe(ID) can be determined by titrating it with Ce(I¥) in redox titration method. The reaction is Ce* + Fe” == Ce + Fe” Consider the titration of $0.0 mL. of 0.0500 M Fe™* with 0.1000 M Ce**. Given, Fe ¢e == Fe* E* =00.767 V (in IMHCIO) Ce +e SS Ce BY 41.700 V (in 1 MHCIO) i ‘Calculate E,.y after the addition of 12.50 mL. of Ce“, ii, Calculate E..u at the equivalence point, ~+END~ SSCC 2243/Semester 2/Session 19-20/Prof WAWLExercises on Volumetric Analysis: 2/2