1.

CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION: THE CELLULAR NATURE OF ALL LIVING ORGANISMS

Identify and describe the structure of a plant cell (palisade cell) and an animal cell (liver cell), as
seen under a light microscope.

Describe the differences in structure between typical animal and plant cells.
 Animal cell:
 Do not have a cellulose cell wall
 Have a variable shape as they do not have cell wall.
 Do not have chloroplast.
 Have small and temporal vacuole that do not have a cell sap

 Plant cell:
 Have a cellulose cell wall
 Have a spherical, box like or cylindrical shape
 Have chloroplast
 Have a large permanent vacuole containing cell sap

Relate the structures seen under the light microscope in the plant cell and in the animal cell to
their functions.
 Cell membrane
 forms a barrier between cell and its surrounding
 keeps contents of cell inside
 semi permeable (allows some substances e.g. glucose, oxygen, water, carbon dioxide) to enter and
leave the cell
 Nucleus
 controls all activities inside the cell
 controls how cell develop
 Cytoplasm
 place where many chemical reactions take place
 Chloroplast
 site for photosynthesis
 stores starch
 Cell wall
 stops cells from bursting when they fill with water
 gives shape to cells
 fully permeable (allows water and dissolved substances to pass through freely)

 Sap vacuole
 stores salts and sugars
 maintains shape and firmness of cell