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    12 views6 pages

    Reaction Turbine PDF

    Uploaded by

    Justin Varghese

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 6
    In a vertical shaft inward-flow reactiod turbine the sum of the pressure and kinetic heads at the entrance to the spiral casing is 118 m. The spiral casing inlet is 4m above the tail race level. The runner has a peripheral velocity of 35 m/s and the discharge from the runner is without any whirl. The velocity of flow through the impeller is constant at S.5 m/s. The hydraulic losses are as follows: Casing and guide vane losses : 4.6 m = Runner losses : + Draft tube losses : 0.9 m + Kinetic energy rejected to the tail race : 0.48 m ‘Draw the velocity triangles at inlet and oxit (Determine the guide vane angle and the runner blade angle at the inlet and the pressure heads at entry to and exit from the runner 14 Sm A vertical shaft inward flow reaction turbine runs at 215 rpm and uses 10.2 m’/s 14 of water, when the net head is 20.4 m. The hydraulic efficiency is 90%. The inlet angle of the runner vanes is 112°, measured from the direction of runner speed. Water enters the runner without shock with a velocity of flow of 7.3 m/s and enters the draft tube without whirl with velocity of 6.1 m/s. The discharge velocity from the draft tube is 2.4 m/s. The mean height of runner entry surface and entrance to the draft tube are 1.5 m and 1.2 m respectively above the tail race level. Find: i) Diameter of runner entry surface. ii) Specific speed of the runner iff) ‘The pressure head at the entrance to the runner and entrance te draft tube, assuming that the loss of head due to friction is 0.9 m in the runner and 0.6 m in the draft tube. A Kaplan turbine is fitted with four aerofoil blades and has a speed of 120 rpm. ‘The mean radius of blade circle is 1.5 m and the blade length in radial direction is 0.5 m. The chord of the acrofoil blade is inclined at 25° to the direction of motion. The chord length is 2.5 m. The values of C, and Cp for the angle of incidence used are 0.7 and 0.04 respectively. The turbine is supplied with water under a head of 8 m neglecting the areas occupied by the blade thickness and assuming a velocity of flow at 5 m/s. Calculate the power developed and theoretical efficiency of turbine. a A Francis turbine works under a head of 68 m and developes 330 kW at 850 rpm. 12 The flow ratio 0-15. The width to diameter ratio at inlet is 0-1. The ratio of outlet diameter to inlet diameter is 0-5. The vane thickness reduces the flow area by 6%. The overall efficiency is 85% and the hydraulic efficiency is 94%. The velocity of flow remains constant from inlet to outlet. The discharge is radial. Determine - (i) Guide blade angle (ii) Vane angle at inlet and outlet (iii) Diameter at inlet and outlet (iv) Width of the runner at inlet. A conical draft tube having inlet and outlet diameters 1 m and 1.5 m discharges 12 water at outlet with a velocity of 2-5 m/s. The total length of the draft tube is 6 m and 1-2 m of the length of draft tube is immerged in water. If the atmospheric pressure head is 10-3 m of water and loss of head due to friction in the draft tube is equal to 0-2 x velocity head at outlet of the tube, find — (i) Pressure head at inlet (ii) Efficioney of the draft tube. — A Kaplan turbine develops 2:8 MW under a net head of 5 m. It is provided with 10 a drait tube having a inlet dia. of 3 m and set 1-2 m above the tailrace water level. A vaccum gauge is connected to the draft tube indicates a reading of 4-2 m of water. Assuming efficiency of the draft tube as 80%, determine the efficiency of the turbine. ‘An Inward reaction turbine generates 3000 kW under a head of 135 m. It rotates. 10 lat 800 r.p.m. The overall efficiency of turbine is 86%. The speed ratio is 0-9 and flow ratio is 0-3. Find :— Guide Vane angle at inlet. Vane angle at inlet. (ii) Runner diameter at inlet. (iv) Width at intet. (v) Specific speed. Assume radial discharge and hydraulic efficiency is 90%. A Francis turbine has a diameter of 1.4 m and rotates at 430 rpm. Water 1 enters the runner without shock with a flow velocity of 9.5 m/s and leaves the runner without whirl with an absolute velocity of 7 m/s. The difference between the sum of static and potential heads at entrance to the runner and at the exit from the runner is 62 m. The turbine develops 12.25 MW. The © is 12 m/s for a net head of 115 m. Find the flow rate through the tur! following: i) The absolute velocity of water at entry to the runner and thé angle of the inlet guide vanes. The entry angle of the runner blades ) The loss of head in the runner. A Francis turbine works under a head of 60 m and develops 300 kW at 12 700

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