HOA TOPIC OUTLINE

MENHIR- Isolated single upright stone; memorial of victory over one tribe; prototypes of Egyptian
pyramid
DOLMEN- 2 or more upright stones supporting horizontal slab
CROMLECH- 3 or more upright stones capped by unchain flat stone; indicates place of religion
TUMULUS- earthen mounds used for burials
NEWGRANGE BURIAL CHAMBER- Most famous passage tombs; older than Stonehenge and predates
pyramids of Egypt by 400 yrs
GREAT PYRAMID OF CHEOPS- 146.4 m high
PYRAMID OF CHEPHREN- 146 m high
PYRAMID OF MYKERINOS- 66.5 m high
MASTABA- tomb made of mud bricks, rectangular in plan with flat roof and sloping sides
ROCK CUT TOMB- tomb of hewn out of native rock
SERDAB- small chamber inside the mastaba containing the statue of the deceased
CULT TEMPLES- to worship Gods
MORTUARY TEMPLES- to honor pharaohs
BENT PYRAMID- 2nd pyramid built by KING SNEFERU
RED PYRAMID- Egypt’s first successful attempt at constructing a “true” smooth sided pyramid
PYLON- monumental gateway to an Egyptian temple
HYPOSTYLE HALL- large hall having many columns in rows supporting a flat roof
HYPAETHRAL COURT- Open to the sky court
GREAT TEMPLE OF AMMON, KARNAK THEBES- Grandest temple
MAMMISI TEMPLE- Prototype of Greek temple
OBELISK- tall 4-sided stone that tapers as it rises to a pyramidal point
ZIGGURATS- “Holy Mountains”; square or rectangle in plan with steeply battered sides & an open
platform on top
PALACE OF NEBUCHADNEZZAR- 7 stages square base Ziggurat
CITY OF BABYLON- with towers and 100 bronze gates
PALACE OF SARGON, KHORBAD- entrance portals flanked with statues of headed winged bulls and lions
SERAGLIO- palace proper which includes the king’s residence. Men’s apartment and reception courts
HAREM- usually designed with private family apartments or women’s quarter
KHAN- service chambers or traveler’s inn

PALACE OF PLATFORM PERSEPOLIS- occupies 1500 & 1000 ft & elevated 40 ft.

PROPYLAEA- Entrance hall designed by Xerxes

PALAESTRA- wrestling school

AGORA- town square; meeting place for the transaction of business; public market

THEATRE- open air structure which consists of orchestra, auditorium, cavea

PRYTANEION- senate house

BOULEUTERION- Council house

ODEION- building for musicians

HIPPODROME- chariot racing

PINACOTHECA- contains gallery of painted pictures