Cisco Systems, Inc.

is an American multinational technology conglomerate

headquartered in San Jose, California, in the center of Silicon Valley. Cisco
develops, manufactures and sells networking hardware, software, telecommunications
equipment and other high-technology services and products.[3] Through its numerous
acquired subsidiaries, such as OpenDNS, Webex, Jabber and Jasper, Cisco specializes
in specific tech markets, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), domain security and
energy management. Cisco is incorporated in California.[4]

Cisco stock was added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average on June 8, 2009, and is
also included in the S&P 500 Index, the Russell 1000 Index, NASDAQ-100 Index and
the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index.[5]

Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by Leonard Bosack and Sandy Lerner, two
Stanford University computer scientists who had been instrumental in connecting
computers at Stanford. They pioneered the concept of a local area network (LAN)
being used to connect geographically disparate computers over a multiprotocol
router system. By the time the company went public in 1990, Cisco had a market
capitalization of $224 million. By the end of the dot-com bubble in the year 2000,
Cisco had more than $500 billion market capitalization.[6]
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