These are in my notes, I think some of below is my additions rather than the

original:

Good eyesight on a clear day recognizes (x ? For formations, assuming most

field grade officers would be carrying telescopes):

o 250 yards
* all parts of the body are clearly visible,
* the details of the uniform are tolerably clear,
* and the officers may be distinguished from the men.

o 500 yards
* the face may be observed as a light colored spot;
* the head, body, arms and their movements, as well as the uniform and
the musket (when bright barrels) can be made out.

o 700 yards
* the head appears to be a round ball. and upper and lower parts of
the body can be made out
* white cross belts and white trousers may be seen.

o 1,000 yards
* The files, and single individuals detached from the rest of the
corps may be seen, as well as the movement of troops limbs can be made out,
* The uniform can no longer be distinguished
* the dust thrown up by a projectile ricocheting on dry ground can be
seen.

o 1,300 yards
* infantry may be distinguished from cavalry,
* Files can not be made out and the troops appear like solid masses,
the movements of which can be followed
* the horses of cavalry are not quite distinct but that the men are on
horseback is clear.

o 1,700 yards
* masses of troops discernable

o beyond 1,700 yards

* the glitter of arms may be observed.
Also:

Good eyesight recognizes:

o masses of troops at 1,700 yards: beyond this distance the glitter of

arms may be observed.

o At 1,300 yards infantry may be distinguished from cavalry, and the

movement of troops may be seen; the horses of cavalry are not, however, quite
distinct but that the men are on horseback is clear.

o A single individual detached from the rest of the corps may be seen
at 1,000 yards

o but his head does not appear to be a round ball until he has
approached up to 700 yards at which distance white cross belts and white
trousers may be seen.

o At 500 yards the face may be observed as a light colored spot; the
head, body, arms and their movements, as well as the uniform and the firelock
(when bright barrels) can be made out.

o At between 200 and 250 yards all parts of the body are clearly
visible, the details of the uniform are tolerably clear, and the officers may
be distinguished from the men."

quoted by B.P. Hughes, in _Firepower: Weapons Effectiveness on the

Battlefield, 1630-1850_
On a clear day, and with ordinary sight:

o at from 190 to 200 yards, every part of a man's body can be seen; and
although the details of dress and figure begin to grow indistinct, the grades
of the officers can be recognized at these distances.

o From 400 to 480 yards, the face can no longer be distinguished, but
the head, body, arms and movements, as well as the uniforms and muskets, can.

o At 600 yards, the head and upper and lower parts of the body can be
made out; and of the uniform, the accouterments and white pantaloons only can
be seen.

o From 750 to 800 yards, the body appears as an elongated form.

Extended arms can be seen in profile, as also the legs of men in motion.

o The uniform can no longer be distinguished at 900 yards; but the

files can be seen, as well as the movement of troops, and the dust thrown up
by a projectile ricocheting on dry ground.

o From 1,100 to 1,200 yards, the files can be scarcely distinguished,

and the troops appear like solid masses, the movements of which can be still
followed."

quoted by Philip M. Cole in _Civil War Artillery at Gettysburg_