Professional Documents
Culture Documents
COVER
Sparking
change
How the Indian Railways
is working to repurpose
its immense infrastructural
New route A Southern Railway train
framework to respond
gets converted into an isolation ward to COVID-19 p3
at Chennai’s Integral Coach Factory.
*
B. JOTHI RAMALINGAM
Mixed doubles
Free or dead
Right-wing groups
Theron’s donation Ode to joy Slips below zero
across 18 U.S. States
organised
demonstrations against With reports of Looking to spread U.S. oil prices fell below
stay-at-home orders, gender-based violence cheer as well as zero for the first time
and many violated social increasingly surfacing information during the in history on April 20,
distancing norms. While during the pandemic, pandemic, Beninese with West Texas
President Trump Hollywood actor Charlize singer-lyricist and Intermediate (WTI)
Entering Prez Estate On trial
expressed his support Theron launched a UNICEF goodwill crude dipping as far as
for the protesters in a campaign to fight the ambassador Angélique -$40.32 a barrel for
series of all-caps tweets As many as 115 families at Oxford University began troubling trend. ‘Together Kidjo re-recorded a deliveries in May, as
saying “Liberate Rashtrapati Bhavan have gone trials on humans for a COVID-19 for Her’, an initiative 1967 hit single by the traders reacted to
Michigan” etc., into quarantine after a relative vaccine it has been developing under the Charlize Theron late Miriam Makeba, excess supply and
healthcare workers of one of the housekeeping called ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, with Africa Outreach Project, once called “the sold off futures before
staged counter- staff tested positive for 510 volunteers aged between in partnership with CARE world’s most defiantly their contracts expired.
protests. Meanwhile, COVID-19. Hundreds of families 18 and 55 set to take part over and the Entertainment joyful song”. It’s titled WTI for June deliveries
in what was derided live on the premises and work the next couple of weeks. This Industry Foundation, will ‘Pata Pata’ — Xhosa for also suffered but
as a publicity stunt, towards the upkeep of the is the fourth vaccine globally to donate half a million ‘touch touch’ — but recovered with a
the State of Missouri rooms and gardens of the reach the human trial stage, dollars towards domestic Kidjo’s version, released surge a couple of days
sued China in a U.S. sprawling 330-acre estate. No and production is being scaled violence shelters and globally by UNICEF, later, while Brent
Federal Court over its employee of the President’s up to vaccinate thousands of community-based changed the lyrics to crude for June fell to
handling of COVID-19. secretariat has tested positive. volunteers in later phases. programmes. ‘No Pata Pata’. a 21-year low.
CM ND-X
YK
OPEN PAGE
THE HINDU Magazine
02 DELHI
*
FEEDBACK
Adjutant’s
Letters to the Magazine can be e-mailed separately to
mag.letters@thehindu.co.in
Cover story
The cover
story
last stand
(‘Masks of a
lockdown’;
Apr. 19)
shows
that the
purchasing
Chasing the stork by that power of the
rich and
name to Guwahati, one of the salaried
remains
the last havens of these unaff ected,
birds in India while the
marginalised
fi ght for even
basic needs.
It’s a cue
for policy
makers to
Soumitra Das liam, Government House (today’s Two adjutant storks with giant Battle for survival Adjutant storks at
fi nd safety
Raj Bhavan) and other landmarks of bills facing each other fi gure promi a huge garbage dump near the Dipor
measures for
S
ometimes, beautiful and ugly Dalhousie Square such as the Town nently in what was once the coat of Bil lake in Guwahati.THE HINDU
everyone.
are two sides of the same Hall and Writers’ Buildings. Silhouet arms of the Calcutta Municipal Cor
Let the quote ‘all Apr. 19) had me
coin. Victorian high fashion ted against the skyline like grotesque poration. The date of award of the ter body. Our jeep passed a couple of
are equal, but some humming the Stevie
accessories came from one of statues, they stood on the terraces of coat of arms was 1896. The Latin humongous sheds and, at last, we
are more equal’ Wonder song, but instead
the most “disgustinglooking ani the Government House and Spenc words on it read: Per ardua stabilis faced the garbage dump encircled by
not come true. of the fuzzy feeling I
mals” that wear a white collar ruff at e’s Hotel, the city’s fi rst luxury hotel, esto (“Be fi rm through diffi culties”). green hills. It emanated a deeply ear
E.S. Chandrasekaran usually get, it made me
the base of their necks which, along winged around like pterodactyls. It is recently that I caught sight of thy, not unpleasant, odour. Cows
uneasy. Being in Kerala,
with their infl atable neck pouch, the logo above one of the many en grazed and fl ocks of snowwhite cat
■ India’s inadequate in Ernakulam, I feel safe.
turn bright orange in the breeding Flying high trances of the New Market (Stuart tle egrets fl itted around. A couple of
social security systems But articles like these
season. Tippets, boas and victo Sarah Amherst, daughter of Gover Hogg Market of yore), but a couple of kites were trying to boss around.
have multiplied the woes awaken an unknown
rines, the rage of France and En norGeneral William Pitt Amherst years ago, I had heard from artist Sa Then I noticed a huge bird fl apping
of the poor. The virus terror. The fact that
gland once and displayed at the (18231828), had left behind drawings nat Kar that the Corporation’s adju its wings as it soared on thermals. It
is no doubt festivals are being halted
Great Exhibition of 1851, were of her Calcutta residence and comi tant birds had survived on Alimud had something distinctly Jurassic
nondiscriminatory, gives an eerie feeling.
sourced from the adjutant stork, a cal pen pictures of these birds. din Street. Sure enough, the cast about its appearance, and what with
but the suff ering is When we come out of
byword for ugliness, that stalked the “They are so useful as scavengers iron logos were there — double discs the orange sac hanging from its
discriminatory. this, maybe I’ll again sing
streets and rooftops of Calcutta till that there is a fi ne for killing them,” with the mirrorimage storks in both orange neck, it looked quite ob
D. Manohara Rao ‘I just called’ with that
1900. They disappeared thereafter. she writes. “However in the Fort — a simple but smart design. scene, like some avian yahoo that Jo
same carefree heart as
This endangered species were where they abound, the young ca In 2018, I had the good fortune of nathan Swift could have created.
■ Minimising the before.
named for the “military” quality of dets play them sad tricks, such as sighting the storks in Guwahati. I Indeed, it was the greater adju
transmission of Oajaswini S. Prabhu
Then I their awkward stride. throwing out a leg of mutton tied to a knew that Assam was one of the last tant stork and they thrived here, on
infectious diseases is a
noticed a The brand name of the ruff was large stone, so that when the adju havens of the adjutant stork in India. the dump, on off al and carrion, per
core function of public Draconian acts
Commercolly, after Kumarkhali, an tant has gobbled it up, he fi nds him Luckily, the local guide, Prabin Ku forming their scavenger role. There
huge bird health law. The legal Ruchir Joshi’s column
upazila in the Shilaidaha area, now self anchored... and there is a story tum, was an enthusiastic young was an entire colony of them and
flapping its powers used will vary ‘(‘An epidemic of lies’;
in Bangladesh, where Tagore wrote that to satisfy Lord Hastings’ own man, and when I told him I was in they stood about stock still, fl uttered
wings as it according to the Apr. 19) was a poignant
some memorable verse. In Bengali, eyes, a calf’s leg with an iron shoe on terested in the birds, he drove me to their wings, or raised their huge bills
seriousness of the reminder of the activists
soared. It had the adjutant stork is known as hargi- the hoof was thrown out and imme a huge garbage dump which shares clattering them almost like casta
disease, the means of languishing in custody
something la — literally “bone swallower”, a diately swallowed whole by an adju its boundaries with a freshwater lake nets. In these dire times, I can’t help
transmission, and how for two years now. As
distinctly word used to describe a tall, gaunt tant, they are so greedy…” named Dipor Bil, listed as a Ramsar but recall the storks and the Latin
easily it is transmitted. faith in the judiciary
person. Sometimes, they exploded when site for conservation in November tag associated with them: Per ardua
Jurassic I saw the birds for the fi rst time in they swallowed whole marrow 2002. stabilis esto.
Public health laws may crumbles by the day, the
about its authorise isolation as nation anxiously waits to
old illustrations of Calcutta, their bones stuff ed with gunpowder by It was close to sunset, and a dis ........................................................................
well as the closure of see when their ordeal
appearance stomping grounds being Fort Wil raw cadets. tant railway bridge spanned the wa soumitra.soumitradas@gmail.com
businesses. Coercion will end.
must be exercised if K. Natarajan
there’s a demonstrable
No gully game,
threat to public health. Extending
K.M.K. Murthy brotherhood
The piece (‘Please, sir, I
■ Ms. Srinivasan correctly want more space’; Apr.
argues that much of the 19) was thought
Rejuvenating
T
here is a great sports concept We enjoyed our game thoroughly, down innovative rules for “cocoricket” overwhelming majority. space?
that can be nurtured in the with our own improvised rules. Some without following the diktats of the ICC The irony is they will Chandra Kumar
context of Kerala and its un of us became accomplished batsmen, and the BCCI. probably continue to
spring ique landscape, a State that has
derived its name from keram, a Malaya
lam word for coconut palm.
bowlers and even allrounders. Then
we formed a regular team, armed our
selves with proper bat and ball and
Look at the natural advantages that
“cocoricket” will have in Kerala. Coco
nut trees are planted at a distance of 20
vote for more bad
governance. They’ll fall
for the communal
Bun times
The article (‘A trail of
breadcrumbs’; Apr. 19)
Latha Menon When we were growing up in our vil played a few matches on proper cricket feet from each other, enough space to rhetoric and spread made us nostalgic,
lage, Olavipe, full of coconut groves grounds against college teams in Allep lay a pitch. Coconut cultivation and bizarre conspiracy reminding us of how as
T he yellowcoloured Indian laburnum,
commonly known as golden shower,
bloomed a week ago, brightening up the
and surrounded on three sides by the
backwaters, my cousins and I played
pey (now Alappuzha) and Changanas
serry, besides Swantons CC, a club
“cocoricket” can coexist without any
problem. Byproducts from the coconut
theories, they’ll be
thankful for sops and
children we too swarmed
to the bakery across the
cricket and other games. However, the team in Enakulam which, in later years, tree or its parts can be used for making blame fate, not leaders. street for hot buns.
road I live on. There is also a profusion of rest of the village did not play the gen produced a Test cricketer in Sreesanth. bats, stumps and bails. Matting can be The situation is not Rao & Raju
the copper pod fl owers like a tapestry of tleman’s game, but was into football. We did not do too badly. made from coir, another byproduct of unlike domestic abuse,
gold on the road. The haldi gulmohar, as The chief reason was that coconut the coconut tree. Coir nets can be used where the victim often The 40 days
it is also known as, was considered a good trees covered all the grounds. The play To the big arena for covering the ponds to stop a lustily resists fi xing the As Aakar Patel says
luck charm in your studies, if it fell on ground adjacent to the only high school So it is possible to graduate from crick hit ball from landing in the water. Balls problem. This isn’t about (‘Observe, detect,
your textbook. The pink and white those days was reserved for football, et played in coconut groves to cricket made from rubber, another product of victimblaming. The idea eliminate’: April.19), Ibn
fl owers of the rain trees are vying for which was far more popular all over played in regular stadia. The exponen Kerala, can be used instead of cricket is to end the cycle of Sina, or Avicenna, the
attention in this burst of goldenfl owered Kerala. The remaining grounds had tial expansion of electronic media and balls made of cork and leather. Thus va abuse by recognising the Persian polymath and
mornings in April. It suddenly dawns on sandy, beachlike soil where not even a the consequent increase in coverage of rious natural products of the State can roles of all participants. father of early modern
me that Vishu, a festival in Kerala, marks tennis ball, leave alone the red cherry, Test and One Day Cricket led to a spike be given a boost by promoting “cocor The otherwise thoughtful medicine, was the fi rst to
the beginning of spring. would bounce. in the popularity of cricket in our State. icket”. With players running across the article elides over this use 40 days for sanitary
These past couple of weeks have seen We played cricket among the coco Kerala cricket has, by now, produced a length and breadth of the groves, point. isolation. Al-Arba’iniya in
you play out a part from Groundhog Day nut trees wherever the ground was fi rm few international cricketers and State weeds would wilt in the fi elds. Anil Menon Arabic means ‘The 40’.
caught in a time warp, reliving the same and covered with buff alo grass, imagin teams do well in domestic competi If Test matches attract meagre He introduced the
day. I shake the thought off , dress for my ing the tall palms to be fi elders who tions, even the Ranji Trophy. crowds as they do of late, we may con Unknown terror concept to limit the
morning walk. The time is 7.15 a.m. could stop a drive but would never take But my feeling is that there would sider converting some Test venues to The headline (‘No new spread of infections.
Zuma, our 18monthold retriever is a catch. We used tennis balls or plain have been even more success stories in coconut groves. Let the game go on! year’s day to celebrate’; Nawaz Ismail
excited, happy, looking forward to setting rubber balls and bats fashioned out of cricket from Kerala had “cocoricket”, (The author is former
out for his walk every morning. Our the wood of fallen palms. Sometimes, the game played in coconut groves, got Secretary, RAW)
eightyearold Messi, is excited too but stumps were chiselled out of coconut more encouragement. In landstarved ..............................................................................
will walk at his own pace. trunks, but often, sticks broken off Kerala, it is not realistic to expect to be pkhtharakan@gmail.com
They step on the haldi gulmohar
fl owers, with a spring in their step. In the
U.S., U.K., Europe, Asia and many parts
More on the Web
of the world, it is spring. A time of
coming out of hibernation, opening the
windows to inhale fresh air, gathering
together in parks and beaches,
The period drama on the idiot box thehindu.com/opinion/open-page
CM ND-X
YK
COVER STORY
THE HINDU Magazine
03
*
DELHI
NFR, meanwhile, has so far made 407
PPE coveralls, 2,500 litres of hand sanitis
er and 76,000 reusable masks. In Tamil
Nadu, the government is in touch with
the Integral Coach Factory in Chennai
and Goldenrock Workshop in Tiruchi for
the bulk supply of healthcare consuma
bles like steel cots and IV stands. The
Hubballi Workshop is making contactless
cubicles, while the Coach Rehabilitation
Workshop in Bhopal has come up with a
mobile cubicle that can be transported to
remote areas.
Reinventing Normally, a freight train of 42 wagons
carries around 2,600 tonnes of food
grains. The special trains now carry 5,200
tonnes. As this goes to print, 55 Anna
the
poorna trains and 8 Jai Kisan specials
have been run, clocking a creditable aver
wheels
age speed of 44 kmph.
Other quick decisions have also
helped IR up its role. It has tweaked its
regular routes, aggregated small parcels,
and picked up unique cargo. It identifi ed
65 parcel routes for essential goods and,
until April 14, has run 507 such trains.
In Bhusaval in Maharashtra, for in
stance, trains transport onions but not
bananas, which go by road. Postlock
down, a parcel van of bananas was sent to
Delhi. Now, following requests from fruit
traders, Central Railway plans to run sev
Ajeet Mahale They don’t normally do transshipment eral parcel trains for fruit. Similarly, West
but, as Krishnath Patil, CR’s senior divi ern Railway has dramatically increased
I
t was April 7, two weeks into the na sional commercial manager, said, “These milk loading at Palanpur in Gujarat to
tionwide lockdown announced to are extraordinary circumstances”. transport milk to Haryana and Delhi.
combat COVID19, and all roads Indian Railways (IR), the world’s fourth From March 23 to April 20, 14 milk spe
were closed. Riku Singh was stuck in largest rail network, seems to be respond cials have run, carrying 9,903.20 tonnes
Guwahati, while his mother, who ing snappily to the times. IR might have of milk.
has stage four cancer, was in Udharbond suspended all passenger trains on March In the Northeast, NFR has moved
in Cachar district, more than 300 km 22, the fi rst time in its history, but the more than 480 rakes of essentials and 25
away. Singh was distraught because he country’s lifeline has been far from idle. parcel trains for the seven sister States.
could not fi nd a way to get medicines to Apart from a myriad off beat interven Assam’s Barak Valley is one of the remot
her urgently. In desperation, he tweeted tions like the ones above, it has been busy est corners of the area that NFR services,
at the Assam Health Minister and the As reinventing itself so that its massive in and Umesh and his team there ensure
sam Police asking for help. frastructure — spread across a staggering that supplies keep coming in.
Meanwhile, postlockdown, the North 64,000 km, over 7,000 stations, and with For the fi rst time, a goods terminal
east Frontier Railway or NFR had set up a 12 lakh employees — can be honed into a near Silchar was used for medicine parcel
Swift and Effi cient Transport of Utilities valuable tool during the pandemic. service — one for Barak Valley and the
Western (SETU) team, whose members were scan other for Tripura; then a milk rake came
Railways has ning Twitter. They read Singh’s tweet and Coach to ward from Gujarat, supplying 50 wagonloads.
contacted S. Umesh, the Area Manager at “We were asked to come up with ideas to The SETU helpline allows customers to
dramatically
Badarpur railway junction in Assam. use our existing facilities in the fi ght call and place requests for bulk transport
increased Umesh called NFR’s Divisional Operations against the novel coronavirus,” says a se of essentials such as PPE, medicines and
milk loading Manager, Kapinjal Kishore Sharma, in Gu nior offi cial with the Railways. The Rail foods. Nationwide, IR has transported
at Palanpur in wahati, who picked up the medicines way Board, the top decisionmaking bo 1,150 tonnes of medical items.
Gujarat to from Singh. The package was then put in dy, started daily video conferences with IR is also providing cooked meals for
transport a goods train and sent to Silchar, from offi cers across 16 zones. the needy, tying up with local NGOs and
where Singh’s uncle picked it up and deli One of the fi rst ideas that came up was groups for distribution. IRCTC, the Indian
milk to vered it to the patient. “The railway peo to convert coaches into quarantine or iso Railway Catering and Tourism Corpora
Haryana and ple arrived like angels. I have no words to lation wards, given the acute shortage of tion, has set up kitchens across the coun
Delhi. From express my gratitude,” says Singh. these. Soon, the idea became a key initia try, starting at Mumbai Central.
March 23 When Sukhdev Mandar in Ludhiana tive for IR. By the end of March, the Rail At present, the Railways is providing
to April 20, urgently needed a particular drug from way Board had issued a set of guidelines meals to over 50,000 people a day na
Nagpur for his immunityrelated ailment, in consultation with the Armed Forces tionwide, and eff orts are on to increase
14 milk
the Central Railway (CR) chief parcel su Medical Services, the medical depart this to 2.6 lakh meals per day wherever it
specials have pervisor at Nagpur agreed to transship it ments of zonal railways and Ayushman is possible.
been run via Itarsi in the absence of a direct train. Bharat. Some 5,000 coaches had been re
purposed as of April 10. Fast forward
These isolation coaches have one toi The challenge will be to see if IR can keep
let and one bathing room each, the mid up the momentum after the lockdown is
dle berths have been removed, and win lifted. While it’s always played a leading
dows fi tted with mosquito nets. They role in the transport of bulk commodities
have oxygen cylinders and fi xtures for such as coal, iron ore and foodgrains, it
medical equipment. They have special could use the opportunity provided by
COVID19 features like taps with long han the pandemic to dramatically revamp its
dles and dustbins with foot pedals. freight business.
However, even if these coaches are Its huge, trained workforce and exten
pressed into service — as Rajesh Bajpai, sive resources and networks could be
Executive Director, Railway Board, says, used to create a new freight model if it has
“Our hope is the country never reaches a the foresight to do so. It could, for in
stage when these coaches have to be stance, tie up with road transport to off er
used” — the challenge will be to station seamless cargo movement, and incorpo
them in spots where uninterrupted water beds earmarked. In Mumbai, Jagjivan equipment (PPE). Producing PPE is no rate sophisticated facilities to cover a wid
and electricity supply is assured. Second, Ram Hospital, the zonal hospital of West mean feat: a special type of fabric has to er range of goods, including perishables,
in the absence of airconditioning and spe ern Railways, has become the only one to be procured, a particular sewing machine medicines etc. The challenge will be to es
cialised equipment, it might make more be converted into a COVID19 hospital. is used for seamless stitching, and a spe tablish timetabled longdistance trains
sense to use these as secondline quaran Spokesperson Ravinder Bhakar said it cial tape attached to prevent contamina and assured delivery times even after pas
tine rather than treatment facilities. was treating around 80 patients. tion. The fi nal design adopted by the Rail senger trains are back on track. And,
In the Northeast, NFR has modifi ed way Board was prepared by the Jagadhari most important, keep its rates
Hospital back-up 315 passenger coaches, with 2,500 isola Workshop, which sent its sample PPE to competitive.
The next major initiative was to put to use tion beds, and has earmarked another 170 the Defence Research and Development In other words, as much as the Rail
IR’s extensive health facilities, consisting beds as isolation beds across its hospitals. Organisation (DRDO) for approval. ways has upped the ante to deliver during
of 586 health units, 45 subdivisional hos “These will be made available whenever “Right now, we are aiming for just the pandemic, its real victory will be if it
pitals, 56 divisional hospitals, eight pro required,” says NFR’s chief spokesperson, 1,000 PPEs a day. They will fi rst be used can emerge from the pandemic a smarter,
duction unit hospitals, and 16 zonal hos Subhanan Chanda. by doctors working in COVID wards at sharper, and more effi cient brand.
pitals across the country. This vast While these measures were under railway hospitals. But as we ramp up pro
network is now being readied for CO way, the doctors in IR’s hospitals pointed duction, we can provide it to other hospi With inputs from Rahul Karmakar
VID19 patients, with as many as 5,000 out the need for personal protective tals too,” says a senior railway offi cial. in Guwahati.
CM ND-X
YK
04
Literary Review
DELHI THE HINDU Magazine *
how to
to the Earth the name Gaia or, for individuals? For example, what
short, Ge. In those days science and Okay, but assuming that the end rethinking are you doing?
theology were one and science, alth of the world might just be L To be honest, when this lockdown
ough less precise, had soul. As time around the corner — when can began I felt something akin to the re
passed this warm relationship faded we expect it to happen? Or has it lief one feels when one falls sick with
slow down’
and was replaced by the frigidity of already started and we are exhaustion after a long period of
schoolmen. The life sciences, no lon seeing it unfold before our eyes? hyperactivity. Suddenly it became
ger concerned with life, fell to classi L ‘The world’ is not the same for clear that we were all caught, almost
fying dead things and even to vivi everyone. There are many worlds: inadvertently, in a spiralling cycle of
section… Now at least there are signs some have already ended and some acceleration. And of course, it is this
of a change. Science becomes holis are ending, while other worlds are acceleration, on a global scale, that
tic again and rediscovers soul, and being reborn. It’s often been pointed lies behind the pandemic. What we
Anxious that the end of the theology, moved by ecumenical forc
es, begins to realize that Gaia is not
out that for many indigenous peo
ples the world they knew ended a
have to think about, above all, is how
to slow down.
world is upon us? But what to be subdivided for academic con long time ago. However, they have
venience and that Ge is much more managed to survive and have drawn Slowing down indeed seems to
is the world? As Amitav Ghosh than a prefi x.” on their experiences to create new be one of the best things to do
points out, there are many Lovelock’s ideas were for a long worlds. I think we have a lot to learn now. Apart from your own
time criticised and mocked by scien from them at this time. books, are there others you
worlds: some have already tists, not the least because of his would recommend for the
choice of the name ‘Gaia’ — who was current crisis?
ended and some are ending, the Greek goddess of the Earth. But When this lockdown began I L One obvious reading is J.R. Mac
the reason he chose that name is neil and Peter Engelke’s The Great
while other worlds are that he couldn’t fi nd an equivalent
felt something akin to the relief
one feels when one falls sick Acceleration.
being reborn concept in the modern techno with exhaustion after a long
scientifi c vocabulary; he had to go period of hyperactivity Will it be enough if a large
back to a personifi cation of the Earth number of individuals rethink?
as a goddess. Worlds also end and begin in In my experience, except for
small ways sometimes. For most of some environmentalist cliques,
That’s certainly food for my life I lived in a certain kind of lit the majority of people are not
thought, but sometimes erary world, one that followed cer rethinkers. They will try to put
mankind is compared to a cancer tain practices and methods. That the COVID-19 experience behind
on the planet, a bad virus. What world ended for me when I began to them as soon as they can.
do you think? Are we the virus understand the reality of climate L I think, unfortunately, that you are
from Gaia’s point of view? change. But that doesn’t mean I right. What the history of epidemics
L This implies that human history stopped thinking or writing — quite shows is that while they are raging
could have had one, and only one the contrary. So you could say the people imagine that they will rethink
trajectory. I don’t think that is true. passing of one world led to the birth everything. But when they are over
Even ‘capitalism’ had many trajecto of another. they go back quite quickly to their
ries, some of which, like the so old ways.
Zac O’Yeah control the pandemic will cause a global food system is fragile and my called East Asian model, were much That’s extremely interesting. As
great deal of immiseration in many greatest fear right now is of a food less resourceintensive than the An for the present crisis you earlier Do you think intellectuals,
B
rooding over the COVID19 countries, India being just one of crisis. gloAmerican model. Things could told me: “I think we will all have artists, writers can play an
pandemic that has result them. What will be the social res have been diff erent if certain key to rethink our ways of life, our important role in this situation?
ed in a global crisis of nev ponse to the worsening conditions? In much of your writings, you chapters in our history had not ideas of travel and so forth.” We’re not exactly experts in
erbeforeexperienced We don’t know at this point, but if talk about the earth sending worked out as they have: the con How do you view each person’s saving the world… I mean,
proportions, I turned to we look back to the last great period messages through disasters — quest of the Americas; Britain’s rise responsibility in this regard, to writers in general are not
my mentor, fellow author Amitav of climate disruption — the socalled already in The Calcutta to global dominance in the 18th and put this rethinking in concrete practical-minded. If you ask a
Ghosh, for advice and perspectives Little Ice Age of the long 17th century Chromosome 25 years ago you 19th centuries; and, most of all, the terms? writer to hammer a nail into a
For most of my on the state of our planet. — we see a truly terrifying cycle of hinted at the idea of malaria as nearuniversal adoption of the Wash L To begin with I think we need to wall, it’s likely both the writer’s
life I lived in epidemic, famine, war, revolution some kind of entity with its own ington Consensus after 1990. recognise that the planetary crisis hand and the wall will get
a certain kind When we chatted the other day, and social breakdown. soul like a cult god. But how are We should not forget that no less requires collective action. It has now damaged...
of literary you predicted that Some would say that the world is we to interpret these messages: than half of all the greenhouse gases been established that the idea that it L I am always a little wary of the idea
world, one “unfortunately I am sure things more resilient now than it was then. as angry threats or anguished that are now in the atmosphere, could be addressed by individual lif of writers, artists and intellectuals
are going to get worse.” In what But it could also be argued that the prayers or stern guidance? were put there in just the last 30 estyle changes was thought up by an setting out to ‘change the world’. We
that followed
ways do you foresee things world is much more fragile now than They’re certainly not polite years. This period had been called advertising fi rm, as a conscious stra are, as you point out, not very practi
certain requests, if we think of
getting any worse than this? it used be, simply because of the in the ‘Great Acceleration’, and it’s a fi t tegy, so that fossil fuel companies cal people. But, on the other hand,
practices and damaging floods, tsunamis,
L There are many ways the present credible complexity of so many of ting name, I think, because all our would not be subjected to regula the world cannot do without its
methods. That forest fires, etc. Or is the earth
situation could get much worse. Just our systems (the catastrophe infl ict crises are eff ects of this acceleration tion. In that sense our most impor dreamers.
world ended imagine what would happen now if a ed on India’s migrant workers is an saying: You only have yourself — climate breakdown, the migration tant responsibility, if we live in a de
for me when major city were to be threatened by example of this). It has been instruc to blame for behaving so crisis, and, of course, the novel coro mocracy, is to bring pressure to bear Read the full interview online.
I began to stupidly, short-sightedly and
a cyclone or a wildfi re (as was hap tive also to see how food distribution navirus pandemic. upon our politicians. ........................................................................
understand egoistically?
pening only a few months before the systems have been aff ected by the These crises are all cognate, alth At the same time, changing our The interviewer and detective
the reality of pandemic). In any case it is very novel coronavirus lockdown in ma L One of the more positive aspects ough there is no direct causal link lifestyles is important too, because it novelist based in Bengaluru is the
climate change clear now that the measures taken to ny countries, including the U.S. The of the climate crisis is that it has between them. does, at the very least, foreground author of the Majestic Trilogy.
REVIEW
White anger, crimson sky
These stories about political and ethnic confl icts in Assam leave a strong
impact despite the spotty translations
Debapriya Basu sources. This does leave one to fl oun rative over stylistic experimentation
der a bit. Since the colours of oppres and all the contributions use simple,
T
his book brings together 15 sion and insurgency have shifted and even stock, situations to convey an af
short stories from Assam, coalesced in Assam in complex ways fective message. These are strong sto
originally written in Assa over time, some contextual informa ries, dealing with love, loss, politics
mese, Bodo or English, tion would have not only been help (personal and organisational), ideal
and edited by one of the ful, it would have intensifi ed the im ism and suff ering seen almost exclu
foremost names in Assamese litera pact of these tales. sively through the eyes of women,
ture, Aruni Kashyap. As the title indi And the tales do leave a strong im children, and other outliers of a
cates, all the narratives address the pact, in spite of the spottiness of the community.
realities of political agitation and eth translations. Of the 15 stories, four Stuti Goswami’s assured transla a tale that’s sensitively handled, in In time, perhaps, anger will be able to Riven
nic confl ict that has been Assam’s were originally written in English, tion of Sanjib Pol Deka’s ‘What Lies sightful and moving. perfectly turn the knife of sarcasm, A security
share since colonial times. two in Bodo and the rest in Assa over Here?’ uses the motif of folk A stylistically diff erent piece is Ju and more stories like Nandeswar Dai guard
mese. The most notable of the En theatre to tie in the themes of com ri Baruah’s ‘A Political Tale’. It is a mari’s superb Bodo nonfable ‘A Hen keeps vigil
Shadow of the gun glish narratives is ‘Vigil’ by Jahnavi munities in confl ict, others explore meditation on the road as metaphor that Doesn’t know how to Hatch its at a relief
Curiously, however, the editor seems Barua, exploring with understated in political indoctrination meetings for life, spinning the conceit out into own Eggs’ will emerge. camp in
to assume that all readers will have an tensity the mind of a mother torn in (Ratnottama Das Bikrom’s ‘Crimsom’ symbolic spaces of memory and ex Both Bodo tales use some black Narayanguri
understanding of how and why the love for her sons, one of whom is a sic) or village burnings (Arup Kumar perience. But the emotional force of a humour in off erings that are stark village in
stories represent “what it means to police offi cer, the other an insurgent. Nath’s ‘KoliPuran’). female political activist’s interior mo and pitiless in their refusal to com Baksa district
live under the shadow of the gun”. The Assamese stories almost un ‘Crimsom’ (sic) is easily the most nologue is hobbled by an awkward ment. The careless translations (es of Assam in
Apart from invoking the universality iformly choose straightforward nar accomplished in the collection, sup translation and inadequate pecially in the rendering of Katindra May 2014.
of human suff ering, this book pur ported by Mitali Goswami’s luminous footnotes. Swargiary’s ‘Hongla Pandit’) cannot *
RITU RAJ KONWAR
portedly also wants to present such translation. A teenage boy and his detract from the power of these de
experiences through the lens of very “pekpeki” (chatterbox) sister come of Heat of outrage ceptively simple tales.
specifi c cultures and communities of age in the aftermath of unexpected How the Tell the Story What ties all the stories together is At the end of the day, this is a
These are strong stories, dealing
a particular region. violence. Teenage rivalry, idealism, of an Insurgency the white heat of outrage. These are book so important that one is tempt
with love, loss, politics, idealism
Strange, then, that not a single menstruation and bloodshed are Edited by Aruni Kashyap deeply angry voices, one and all, not ed to overlook its uneven quality and
line of context is off ered in the pre and suffering seen almost masterfully woven into the titular re yet ready for laughter as resistance. shoddy presentation.
HarperCollins
face, none of the individual texts have exclusively through the eyes of frain: “[c]rimson sun, crimson blood, ₹ 399 The Assamese tales are all marked by ..........................................................................
headnotes, and no author biography women, children, and other crimson western sky.” Wordplay and earnestness; it is only in the two Bo The reviewer is Assistant Professor,
possesses publication dates and outliers of a given community worldplay come together to produce do tales that we see sparks of satire. English, at IIT Guwahati.
BROWSER
If I Had Your Face A Saint in Swindon Not That Kind of Guy Mad, Bad & Dangerous to Know
Frances Cha Alice Jolly Andie J. Christopher Samira Ahmed
Ballantine Books Fairlight Books Berkley Soho Teen
$27.00 Price not mentioned $8.45 (Kindle price) $10.99 (Kindle price)
In contemporary Seoul, four young A stranger arrives in town and State attorney Bridget Nolan is Told in alternating stories set 200
women make their way in a world never leaves his room. He only successful in all aspects of her life years apart, this novel is about two
defined by impossible standards of demands books. Who is he? except romance, not that she has young women fighting to write their
beauty, secret salons for wealthy men, What is he reading? Speculations much time for it. Matt Kido, the legal own narratives and escape the
strict social hierarchies and K-pop run rife. This funny and intern, falls for her. They spend a pressure of cultural expectations. Leila
fan mania. In this hostile setting, their dystopian tale is about the rollicking time together in Las Vegas, and Khayyam’s lives intertwine, and as
tentative friendships may turn out importance of literature in but are quite ready to put it all behind one woman’s long-forgotten life is
to be the only thing that saves them. an increasingly dark world. them. Then everything changes. uncovered, another’s is transformed.
CM ND-X
YK
Literary Review
THE HINDU Magazine
05
*
DELHI
PROFILE
A celebration of faith
amid the darkness
Pages from the life of Mirra Alfassa who arrived in Pondicherry in April 1920
and became famous as the Mother of the Aurobindo Ashram
Manoj Das amalgam of brutish instincts and splen tried to fi nd in others the life force they
did dreams, awful evils and great virtues, could not fi nd in themselves...”
“I
t matters little that there are to be its apex. Strangely, the epidemic stopped soon
thousands of beings plunged in The Mother realised that she was des after. What emerges from the experience
the densest ignorance. He tined to collaborate in Sri Aurobindo’s ad is that it is not crude material conditions
whom we saw yesterday is on venture of seeking consciousness. That alone but a subtle consort between all
earth; his presence is enough was, however, not to be. As World War I that is rotten behind the physical condi
to prove that a day will come when dark broke out, she had to leave for Paris, but tions and all that is rotten within our con
ness shall be transformed into light,” Mir her pursuit continued. It may be especial sciousness — violence, ill will, treachery,
ra Alfassa wrote in her diary dated March ly relevant to recount an incident in her unabashed greed — that spawns such in
30, 1914. She was a seeker from France life in the context of the current pandem visible vampires. This truth can be ex
who, guided by some inner conviction, ic. Circumstances led her to Japan to tended to every crisis today. In theory, we
had arrived at Pondicherry, then a French wards the end of the war. Suddenly a ter do not lack ethics or ideals in society. But
colony, to meet Sri Aurobindo. Subse rible epidemic, then infamous as Spanish it is something stubborn in our conscious
quently renowned as the Mother, she was Flu, broke out, wiping out some 30 mil ness that corrupts everything. This can
a spiritual child prodigy who, even before lion lives and Japan too was ravaged. One be transformed only by a tremendous
she learnt the alphabet, wondered if hu day a postman travelled to a small village spiritual intervention.
manity was the highest the earth could near Tokyo and found all the villagers
evolve or if the mystery of evolution was dead and “the snow was their common Birth of Auroville
yet to manifest something more sensible shroud.” The Mother returned to Pondicherry on
and perfect that would justify its experi April 24, 1920, to join Sri Aurobindo in
ment with species over millennia. this task of invoking that transforming
Circumstances led her to Japan power. With her arrival, ‘children’ or dis
Mystic experience ciples began gathering around her — and
She had gone through several phases of towards the end of the war. they were from several continents, be
her quest, including delving deep into oc Suddenly a terrible epidemic, then longing to various faiths. The Mother
cultism through the help of probably the infamous as Spanish Flu, broke out, taught them how to put into practice Sri
greatest practitioners of that lore, Max wiping out some 30 million lives Aurobindo’s revelation that ‘All life is yo
and Alma Theon of Algeria. She had sev ga.’ The Ashram took formal shape in
eral mystic experiences, but they were all The Mother was in Tokyo. Exigency 1926 and its activities expanded, with re
to prove to be preparations for her meet had obliged her to travel to the other end sidents looking upon their mundane ac
ing with Sri Aurobindo. of the city. Looking at the masked and tivities as a powerful means of sadhana or
Sri Aurobindo had said words that gloomy passengers in the tram car, she meditation.
seem prescient today, “At present man asked herself what could have caused the After Sri Aurobindo’s death on Decem
kind is undergoing an evolutionary crisis phenomenon. By the time she returned ber 5, 1950, the Ashram ran under the
in which is concealed the choice of his home, she had caught the fl u. She isolat Mother’s guidance. She founded the Sri
destiny: for a stage has been reached in ed herself from everyone and even when Aurobindo International Centre of Educa
which the human mind has achieved in a friendly doctor came rushing with a tion in 1951, and in 1968 she launched the
certain directions an enormous develop rare medicine, the only probable panacea daring experiment that is Auroville, the
ment while in others it stands arrested then, she advised him to save someone City of Dawn, the city for a future ‘that be
and bewildered and can no longer fi nd its else with it. longs to humanity as a whole.’
way... man has created a system of civili This daring dreamer, a supreme opti
sation which has become too great for his Sudden deaths mist, left the earth on November 17, 1973,
limited mental capacity and understand On the second day of her fever, the Moth after organising a worldwide celebration
ing and his still more limited spiritual and er saw a phantom in tattered military un of Aurobindo’s birth centenary on August
moral capacity to utilise and manage, a iform, half his head blown off , entering 15, 1972. The best tribute that can be of
too dangerous servant of his blundering her room. Pouncing upon her, the phan fered to her on the centenary of her arriv
ego and its appetites. For no greater see tom tried to suck her life out. When un al is to take note of a signifi cant message
ing mind, no intuitive soul of knowledge able to get rid of the menace with her nor she left behind: “The future of the earth
has yet come to his surface of conscious mal strength, she took recourse to her depends on a change of consciousness...
ness which could make this basic fullness occult power and only then could throw and the change is bound to come. But it is
of life a condition for the free growth of the being off . left to men to decide if they will collabo
something that exceeded it.” She writes, “I understood that the ill rate for this change or if it will have to be
Yet Sri Aurobindo did not subscribe to ness originated from beings who had enforced upon them by the power of
the widely prevalent Indian notion of the been thrown violently out of their bo crushing circumstances. So, wake up and
world as an illusion. The process of life on dies.” They were normal human beings collaborate.”
the earth was not launched for it to be full of dreams but suddenly jolted out of ..................................................................................
branded false or its latest product, man, their physical existence. “They didn’t Manoj Das is an author and Padma
Winding paths Mirra Alfassa (centre, standing) in Japan. *
WIKI COMMONS to be an embodied paradox, a bizarre know that they had no body anymore and Bhushan awardee.
HISTORY
ECONOMICS
W
hen the fi nal draft of prospect of being interred mark the beginning of a fi ve that India had inherited devices...[they may] have per
T
the National Register in a disused World War II year internment. .C.A. Ranganathan spent four western institutions which formed even better....’
of Citizens was re prisonerofwar camp at Along the way, many of decades in the banking sec were unsuited to serve its On international trade, the
leased in July 2018, Deoli, Rajasthan. The De them realised that the place tor in senior positions and goals. lament is India has not done
around four million fence of India Act, 1962 they had called home no lon Srinivasa Raghavan had long In the same tenor is the as well as China, Korea and
people were left out in Assam. By De defi ned the ‘enemy’ as ger wanted them. They had and varied stints as an eco edict that India should ‘stop Taiwan. As the authors aver,
cember 2019, the Narendra Modi go ‘any person or country been singled out as persons of nomistcumjournalist with fi nancial paying heed to economists the failure is in not ‘focussing
vernment had brought in the Citizen committing external ag hostile origin by virtue of their papers. Their treatise on the Indian trained in the West and on governance and building
ship Amendment Act to grant gression against India; any physical features. It did not economy over the past several decades working here.’ But if, as the blocks of modernity.’
citizenship to religious minorities of person belonging to a matter to the police authori sends several messages but falls short authors claim, India did not The section on banking
Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh country committing such ties that Hindi and English in some areas. have a manufacturing lega All the Wrong is rich with insightful analy
facing persecution. aggression.’ The Deoliwallahs: were the two languages spo Their book, All the Wrong Turns , is cy, how did the indigenous Turns: sis. It is not possible to take
Indian Muslims saw it as a threat of As authors Joy Ma and The True Story of ken by the Chinese Indians. divided into six sections each analysing private sector inherit that Perspectives up all the issues in this brief
disenfranchisement, as the govern Dilip D’Souza write, there the 1962 Chinese- The camp was illprepared to a separate sector such as agriculture, capacity? on the Indian review, but two valuable
ment, wanting ostensibly to address was more to come. “The Indian Internment meet the new detainees. Most manufacturing, and so forth. There is In the section on agricul Economy points they make deserve at
the issue of migrants, excluded people Indian Government Joy Ma, Dilip of all, the camp offi cials were no interconnection between them ex ture, a rosy view of growth T.C.A. tention. One is that even as
on the basis of their faith. Protests amended the Foreigners D’Souza shocked to learn that the de cept for manufacturing and interna since Independence is pre Ranganathan, Basel compliance is strong
swelled in the streets across the coun Act which essentially said Pan Macmillan India tainees could speak Hindi tional trade. Nor is there an overarch sented, both in the aggregate T.C.A. Srinivasa for individual banks, it is
try against the CAA and a possible Na that any person whose pa ₹ 650 fl uently. With just the bare mi ing economic philosophy for and in subsectors. They ex Raghavan low for the system as a
tional Register of Citizens for all of In rents or grandparents nimum aff orded to the Chi assessment. Indeed, there are obligato plain that India has done well Westland whole and this has led to in
dia, and if people have moved indoors were subjects/citizens of any country nese, the lives they had known ry references to China’s growth and the compared to other countries. ₹ 799 creasing bad loans. The oth
it’s largely because of the COVID19 that India was at war with would be changed forever. After they were re Korean and Taiwanese miracles. However, the writers un er is that in India reliance on
pandemic and the lockdown. subject to certain consequences.” And leased, many left India for Canada. Though the authors appreciate state in derplay the phenomenon of agricultu banks is heavy, while in other countries
In this context, The Deoliwallahs is the Foreigners (Restricted Areas) Or The book’s authors remind us that tervention in those countries, they feel ral distress, attributing it to other caus the reliance is more on the real econo
a sad reminder of what happens to pe der was passed — declaring that fo much like the Foreigners Act, the India’s interventions are fl awed. es such as poor water management, my and less on banks. This imbalance
ople who are trapped by decisions reigners could not enter restricted omission of Muslim refugees from the absence of marketing, frequent chang has to be redressed and it may not be
made by governments, and how it areas. All these executive and parlia protection of the CAA will off er a legal Western influence es in export quotas and lack of fi nance easy to achieve it in the near future.
forces them to become victims of sus mentary actions together laid the structure to the government to target The writers argue that in India’s eff orts or credit. This book is a mixed bag, falling bet
picion and hate. ground for the incarceration of the people who profess Islam. to promote development, the state took The section on manufacturing cov ween two stools.
Chinese Indians. The Deoliwallahs remind us that in on a responsibility for which it was not ers a gamut of issues. They blame the However, it deals with an array of
Prisoners at home This is a moving account of how a democratic India, often hailed as an equipped as it ‘never had a history of poor performance of the private sector economic issues, and off ers ideas,
In the aftermath of the 1962 IndoChi people were picked up from farfl ung exemplar of unity in diversity, this is a either manufacturing or entrepreneur primarily on the shackles imposed un some contrarian, others valuable.
na war, 3,000 ChineseIndians, practi places in Shillong, Darjeeling, Tinsu road best not taken. The most diffi cult ship.’ The other is that, there was too der the Industrial Development Act and ..............................................................................
tioners of small trade in leather, run kia, and Kalimpong, forced to carry hurdle for the detainees was the stig much micromanagement and, beyond the Industrial Policy Resolution (IDR/ The reviewer writes on economic
ning restaurants, and other family only the essentials with them, and ma of being in jail. They haven’t been a stage, the state should have divested IPR). They feel that if the private sector and strategic issues.
businesses, who had made India their made to undertake a weeklong rail able to forget it.
Akbar: The Great Mughal Republic of Religion: The Rise and Employment in India Superbugs: The Race to Stop
Ira Mukhoty Fall of Colonial Secularism in India Ajit K. Ghose an Epidemic
Aleph Abhinav Chandrachud Oxford University Press Matt McCarthy
₹ 799 Penguin Random House India ₹ 345 HarperCollins
Abu’l Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad ₹ 599 Reviewing the evolution of ₹ 599
Akbar, the third Mughal emperor, is This volume argues that the secular employment conditions in India since A physician and researcher explores
regarded as one of the greatest rulers structure of the colonial state was Independence, this volume, in the the history of bacteria and antibiotics,
in Indian history. In this biography, imposed by a colonial power on a OUP Short Introductions series, from Alexander Fleming’s discovery
Mukhoty covers Akbar’s life and conquered people of the outlines the contours of the of penicillin, to obscure sources of
times, his military genius, reverence subcontinent. It was an unnatural employment challenge that India new medicines, bringing to light how
towards all religions, and other acts foreign imposition, one which was faces and discusses viable ways of the world arrived at this juncture of
of statesmanship and humanity. bound to come apart. overcoming this hurdle. breakthrough and vulnerability.
CM ND-X
YK
06 WIDE ANGLE
DELHI THE HINDU Magazine
*
In a bind (Clockwise from below) Murals depicting the ill-effects of alcohol addiction on the walls
of the excise building in Thiruvananthapuram; a toddy shop in Ernakulam; representational image.
*
S. MAHINSHA, H. VIBHU & GETTY IMAGES/ ISTOCK
FIELD NOTES
On the
rocks
The lockdown has not
been kind to alcohol
or taluk hospitals across the State.
Each centre has 10 beds now, and
the process of expanding facilities by
another 1020 beds is under way in
dependent people, in fact each district, according to D. Rajeev,
proving fatal for some Additional Excise Commissioner
and CEO of the Vimukthi Mission.
Harm minimisation
Tamil Nadu’s District Mental Health
Zubeda Hamid & In Chennai, a week after the lock methyl alcohol. The last few decades Programme, meanwhile, foreseeing
Abhinaya Harigovind down, Karthik (name changed on re have seen alcohol abuse grow into a a rise in alcohol withdrawal cases,
quest) was brought to the Institute of major public health problem. As far has chalked out a set of guidelines
I
t was March 28, Day 4 of the na Mental Health by his parents. He back as 2009, a report in The Lancet for medical offi cers and district psy
tionwide lockdown imposed in hadn’t slept in fi ve days and was hal found that more than half of all alco chiatrists. The Staterun Institute of
response to the novel coronavi lucinating. “I believed a group of pe hol drinkers in India fall into the ‘ha Mental Health in Chennai is func
rus pandemic. Kerala govern ople had entered my house and were zardous drinking’ category. A 2018 tioning roundtheclock, with a
ment’s 14405 Vimukthi dead beating me up,” the 31yearold, who report by WHO noted that about 2.6 counselling helpline, in addition to
diction helpline saw a sudden spike works as a driver with an appbased lakh deaths in India each year can be the State health helpline. Diazepam,
in calls: from eight on March 24, they service, told us. “I couldn’t tell the directly or indirectly traced to exces a drug used to treat alcohol withdra
shot up to 201. One call was from the diff erence between reality and sive alcohol consumption. wal, is available at all Primary Health
wife of a 42yearold daily wage hallucination.” The majority of alcohol drinkers Centres, said IMH director P. Poorna
worker in Ernakulam. The man, who across India are men, but the per lated spike in incidents of domestic since a section of people were un Chandrika.
had an eightyear history of alcohol Tip of the iceberg centage in some States is higher than violence, said Maya Varadarajan, dergoing serious distress, some even If alcohol dependent people to
dependence, was huddled beneath Each of these men was experiencing the national average of 29.2%, ac managing trustee of TTK Hospital attempting suicide, due to alcohol day fi nd themselves in such diffi cult
his bed with his daughter who, he severe withdrawal symptoms, trig cording to the National Family for Addiction, a Central government unavailability, a process should be straits, it’s symptomatic of the state’s
‘If alcohol was convinced, was going to be at gered by the sudden unavailability of Health Survey 201516. In Tamil Na designated Regional Resource and initiated to make a limited amount of contradictory approach to alcohol,
tacked. There was no such danger, alcohol after the lockdown, when all du, it is 46.7%; in Kerala 37% and in Training Centre. The hospital has alcohol available to them. But doc which is both puritanical and prag
dependent
but he was hallucinating. shops except groceries and pharma Andhra Pradesh 34.9%. been closed since the lockdown, but tors petitioned the Kerala High matic, said Soumitra Pathare, Direc
people find Around the same time, a 45year cies were shut down. Alcohol with What worries Dr. Shukla is the its counsellors are working from Court against the order. “The order tor of the Centre for Mental Health
themselves old man was brought in by his family drawal symptoms can range from scant awareness about treatment, home, checking up on patients. to issue passes to obtain alcohol was Law and Policy in Pune. “Alcohol is
in difficult to the Centre for Addiction Medicine shivering, dehydration and sleep and the curtailed access to medical a peculiar one and not scientifi c. seen as morally repugnant — but it is
straits, it’s at Bengaluru’s National Institute of lessness to more acute conditions centres at this time when public Serious distress Medicines and complete abstinence also a huge revenue generator for
Mental Health and Neurosciences such as delirium, hallucinations, fev transport is closed. “The people we The treatment protocol for people from alcohol are used to treat alco the state. What we need during lock
symptomatic
(NIMHANS). The man, also with a er, vomiting and seizures. are seeing with alcohol withdrawal is suff ering from alcohol withdrawal holwithdrawal symptoms,” said G.S. down is a harm minimisation ap
of the state’s history of alcohol use, had suff ered Within a week of the lockdown, just the tip of the iceberg — we can syndrome is to admit them, do Vijayakrishnan, general secretary, proach, where people are given ac
contradictory three seizures, was dehydrated and reports of deaths and suicides relat assume that most people have not blood investigations and brain imag Kerala Government Medical Offi cers cess to deaddiction treatment, but
approach comatose. He was one of 89 patients ed to alcohol withdrawal began to made it to a hospital and have suf ing, check for fractures that could Association. On April 2, a division where people are also allowed to de
to alcohol, who came to the centre within a rise. In Tamil Nadu, for instance, 10 fered. Studies tell us that the mortal have occurred during falls, check for bench of the Kerala High Court cide when they want to undergo
which is both week of the lockdown, said Lek deaths have been reported in this ity rate for people with severe with malnutrition and dehydration, and stayed the government order for treatment, because unplanned with
hansh Shukla, an assistant professor time, many of them caused because drawals is over 15%.” give intravenous benzodiazepines three weeks. drawal can be life threatening,” said
puritanical there. “This was a big jump; we ordi addicts consumed dangerous sub Healthcare professionals are also and high doses of vitamins. Today, as part of Vimukthi, Kera Dr. Pathare.
and narily see two or three such cases a stances in lieu of alcohol — after worried about the impact on fami On March 30, the Kerala govern la’s antinarcotics campaign, 14 de
pragmatic’ day,” he said. shave lotion, varnish, sanitiser, and lies: there has been a withdrawalre ment issued an order that said that addiction centres operate at district With inputs from Divya Gandhi.
Kattabomman
pliance and quality control, etc. I get “You were supposed to give me
the 50% that is less stressful because an apple outline, not an apple cut
it is merely physical labour, and rath out,” I said.
er easy to do so long as you know “Is there a diff erence between an
colours an your Lizol from your Colin from your
Harpic.
outline and a cutout?”
“There is. If you check the Oxford
apple
English Dictionary—”
Just chill “Forget it. The app says cutout.”
So the lockdown for me has been a “The noodle app?”
GETTY IMAGES/ ISTOCK
nonstop, confused blur of jobs: “It’s moodle, not noodle,” she
jhaadupocha, bartancooking, read said.
ingwriting, potbangingpotty “The app is wrong about the ap
cleaning, handwashingcandle ple activity.”
lighting, milkfeedingcopyediting, “Aforapple,” said Kattabom
tearwipingfairytaletelling, argu man.
*
ingmaskwearing, “Ok I’m done!” she said, throw
I’ve never worked as handwashingandpraying. ing her hands up in a dramatic but
The easiest — because hackneyed gesture of mock surren
hard in my whole life you’ve been doing it all der. “From tomorrow, you and your
as I have during your life — is your work son manage on your own. I’m out of
work. The household it!”
this lockdown chores — mopping, “Let me remind you,” I began,
cleaning, etc — I don’t “That we agreed to split all suff ering
mind so much because 5050.” But she’d already stomped
they leave me mentally out.
free to contemplate the I stared at Kattabomman. He
planet’s posthuman future. stared at me. We both stared at the
The toughest is shepherding Katta botched monstrosity that was meant
S
o how is the lockdown treat hard my whole life as I have during bomman from morning to midnight. to be a ‘learning activity’ for the let
ing you? I have a simple, this lockdown. I’d never imagined I dread his daily offi cial meetings. ter A. It required him to colour in
threepoint formula that that workfromhome would be so Since April 1, the fi rst day of his side the outline of an apple while
anybody can use to make much more hectic than workfrom school life, I’ve been waking up ear chanting the slogan, ‘AforApple’.
sure they not only survive work. Not only have I been putting in lier than I ever have to set up his He was still at it, painstakingly apply
the lockdown but positively enjoy it: 1819 hours a day, I’ve also been zoom calls with his nursery teacher. ing the fi nal touches to what seemed
don’t be poor, don’t be a migrant forced to learn new skills and new I undertake extensive online re like an apple displaying severe
worker, and don’t be a member of a facts about everyday life — all thanks search to prep for his ‘learning activ symptoms of COVID19.
minority community. If you can to Modiji. ity’, and still manage to bungle it ev “Dei, ennada idhu?” I asked him,
manage this, everything will be fi ne. ery time. exhausted and exasperated.
At least until you lose your job. As Jhaadu-pocha-bartan routine Last Friday’s ‘activity’, for in “Po!” he said, bringing his tiny
and when you lose your job, don’t Apart from reading, writing, and for stance, was a typical disaster, with fi st down on the sickly ap
panic — apply to the IT cell, and warding propaganda on WhatsApp, potentially calamitous side eff ects ple. “Po, corona, po!”
you’ll get a job that pays infi nitely now I also know how to comb a tod on marital concord. On an A4 sheet
better than MGNREGA. dler’s hair when the toddler is in of paper, I’d drawn an outline of an G. Sampath is Social
As for me, I’ve never worked as continuous and irregular motion, apple, as I was supposed to. Katta Affairs Editor, The Hindu
CM ND-X
YK
BOOKEND
THE HINDU Magazine
7
*
DELHI
PEACE IN A POD
LETTER FROM A CONCERNED READER
H
ow is the quarantine
Usha Raman kitchen and sofa set and all. That’s
news? Whether
why I sometimes think what
Clearly, having a seasoned podcaster as a everything is ok in the
W
hen Aditi Surana was 14 years old, enjoyment it will be to work in
guest helps smooth awkward pauses, esteemed newspaper?
a handwriting coach pointed out modern offi ce.
One day rumour is
that she had spent the better part though tell-tale nervous laughter does But after Corona, no need. At
coming that one newspaper is
of an hour carefully drawing a punctuate some of the early shows least those days stable jobs was
terminating employees. Next day
string of zeroes on the page. In there. Today? Monday you are
rumour is coming that one TV
stead of feeling apologetic or embarrassed, Sura manager. Tuesday you are in the
na looked at the writing carefully and found that Podcast episodes toggle between interviews channel is terminating employees.
Everyday rumours only. Kali Yuga. dustbin.
there was defi nitely a pattern there. And patterns with these selected guests and shorter pieces What story I was going to tell?
usually say something — or can be decanted for launched every Friday where Surana focuses on What else one can say?
Before Corona days, I used to No no. Not cow story. One other
meaning. “a topic that is essential to your personal growth.” story. OHO. YES. Story of
Graphology seems a rather odd gateway to a These deal with such themes as our relationship think oho, it will be so nice to work
in offi ce. Full computer and AC and housewarming.
podcast, but what Aditi Surana has done is com with money, building — and breaking — habits, Friday morning Mrs. M came
bine her longstanding passion for handwriting and fi nding fl ow (recalling Eckhart Tolle), speak all. Decades ago, during probation
time, maybe I have told this story. and said, “Please get ready today,
analysis with her skills as a highperformance ing, clearly, to an audience that enjoys selfhelp as tomorrow one housewarming is
coach to create the context for conversation. a genre. Bank of India branch used to be
next to one cowshed. Smell is very there.” I said, “Kamalam, did I
In each episode of IVM’s new podcast series, sleep for two months by mistake?
Absolutely Write , Surana engages with a guest to Achievers in conversation bad. But after twothree weeks,
brain is adjusting for smell. But we Corona is over?” She said, “What
unpack their personal journey while she peers in If you are among those who enjoy listening to how nonsense you are talking. My
to their handwriting for clues to their personality. comfortable with the medium.” To her credit, Su someone found their groove, I’d like to recom are noticing one thing, deposit slip
is being used like anything. Every cousin in Bhopal is doing
The conversations are openended and somewhat rana is able to bring in a measure of the unexpect mend another show that recently came to my at housewarming in video
winding, peppered with friendly banter and some ed when she unravels the dots and crosses in the tention. Former NPR journalist and U.S.based lea day, one or two slip books
are disappearing. conference. All are attending.
serious refl ective pauses. writing samples from her guests. dership coach Chitra Ragavan’s When it Mattered Please get ready.”
“Complicated conversations actually off er in engages achievers in conversation around their During morning
meeting manager I said, “What is there to get
sights to the passive listener,” says Surana, ex Trait and reason professional journeys—and the personal moments
said, “Hello, what ready? Video conference means
plaining what she hopes to achieve with her pod Speaking with her fi rst guest Anupam Gupta, host that propelled them to success or brought them
nonsense. Whole put one shirt and look at camera
cast. “Just listening to someone talk about their of the business podcast Paisa Vaisa , she points to back from the brink of failure.
day seven no? Even trouser not needed.”
journey in a nonjudgmental space can create his habits of close observation and attention to Started in July 2019, the podcast has had guests
customers are Kamalam looked
clarity.” process as a basis for decision making, expressed including former FBI Director James Comey and
coming. But getty images/ istock like M.R. Radha
in parenting styles as much as in advising on stock physicianastronaut Shawna Pandya.
evening 70 slips seeing fi rst day
Surprises, anyone? market moves. Ragavan’s long experience with radio and her
are missing.” fi rst show of
Guests on the show so far have been IVM insiders, Rather than becoming caught up with the training as a journalist comes through in her au
Mrs. Aayirathil
hosts of other podcasts, and hence there is a level handwriting itself, Surana then pulls back to ask dio style, the research that informs the interviews,
Chacko, is it Oruvan. She
of comfort and familiarity that comes through. Gupta on how he applies this trait to his work as a and the expert way in which she guides the con
This is also the limitation, precluding any real sur fi nancial analyst. This is where, potentially, the versation to yielding those decisive moments. you? Mrs. said, “Your
prises for either the host or — by extension — the learning for the listener takes place. Clearly, hav ................................................................................................... Chacko hair is
listener. ing a seasoned podcaster as a guest helps smooth face is growing like
The Hyderabad-based writer and academic
Surana is quick to note that this is by design, as awkward pauses, though telltale nervous laught is a neatnik fighting a losing battle with turning banyan
the team wanted to include guests who “were er does punctuate some of the early shows. the clutter in her head. red. She tree in
said, “Sir, Theosophical
just because by mistake Society. Please do one haircut.” I
one person tried to take new said, “Kamalam, how I will get
haircut? Whether police will allow
GOREN BRIDGE
Argentina!
ceiling fan from the branch to one
person’s house means every time barber shop?” She thought for two
one person will be treated like minutes then said, “I will cut your
Charles Sobhraj?” hair.” I said no no no no no.
Then twothree days later, when Madam/ Sir, what happened?
North-South vulnerable, South deals we are returning from lunch break, She cut my hair. Nowadays, from
mystery is solved. Everyday lunch morning to evening I am wearing
time we are locking branch but one Deccan Chargers cap. Under
Bob Jones leaving window open so that post cap hair is like old toothbrush
mond. She cashed three more spade or messages can be put inside. But Kamalam is using for jewellery
T
oday’s deal is from an im tricks and four club tricks, thanks to what is actually happening? cleaning. Total humiliation. During
portant tournament held the fall of the jack, to reach this Madam/ Sir, nearby cow is coming, housewarming people are saying,
recently in Argentina. threecard ending with the lead in putting head into the window and excuse me, why Mr.
Most pairs reached six no dummy: (grid 2) eating all paper items. When we Mathrubootham is wearing cap?
trump and failed, due to She knew that West had started came back, she is casually enjoying That too of old team? Mrs. M is
the foul heart split and the unlucky with fi ve diamonds, and she had to deposit slip as if ras malai. We saying oho that is because he is
location of the king of diamonds. play her for the king, as East could laughed and laughed like anything lifelong fan of Deccan Chargers.
One declarer, Argentine expert Mon just cash a heart if she had that card. but whether head offi ce will What did I say? Nothing.
ica Angeleri, brought it home. She led a low diamond to her eight, believe? Never. They said if you Because Mrs. Mathrubootham said,
Angeleri won the opening spade putting West on lead with the 10. want new deposit slip book, please during housewarming pindrop
lead in hand with the king. She led a West had to lead away from her king ask cow owner. Whether we are silence. Only smiling.
heart to dummy’s king and a heart to of diamonds and Angeleri had her Bank of India or Gold Mohur Cattle Yours in humiliation,
the jack and ace as West shed a dia slam. Beautifully played! Feed Company? J. Mathrubootham
QUIZ
THE SUNDAY CROSSWORD NO. 3097
1 On April 26, 1564, William Shakes
peare was baptised in Stratford
uponAvon, Warwickshire, England.
plays full of fun, irony, wordplay,
with contrived endings. The last fol
lowed a noble, fl awed hero who
other job. This job made him very
wealthy and he was regarded as a
brilliant businessman as he made ex
These now number more than 200
million and are a major pest as they
destroy crops. Which continent is
We know his date of birth from the made a mistake and fell from posi cellent investments. What was his this that sees immense loss to agri
Baptism records. He is credited for tion before the normal order was so other job which is fi tting, as now his culture due to Shakespeare?
introducing more than 3,000 words mehow resumed. What were the house and the theatre he performed
to the English language. Under the
patronage of which monarch did he
categories? are all of prime value?
9 Shakespeare and his father went
to the College of Arms to secure
do most of his work and consequent
ly under which era does he come? 4 This word which means ‘to strut
in a defi ant or insolent manner’
was fi rst seen in 1590 in Midsummer
7 This planet has 27 moons and 24
of them are named after charac
ters from the plays of Shakespeare.
their own Shakespeare family crest.
The design which is in use till today
was a yellow weapon on a yellow
CM ND-X
YK
8 BACK PAGE
DELHI THE HINDU Magazine *
ART SPOT
Coming up for
light and air Sukhada Tatke umber, charcoal grey over this
base,” she said.
H
ow to convey that which Shown for the fi rst time ever, his
lies beyond the realm mixedmedia works bursting with
of words? What secrets celebratory colours — red, yellow,
are revealed by stretch mint green, cobalt blue — came as a
ing recognisable forms shock. “I like colours to be some
into almost invisible identities? what submerged,” Gobhai had once
What mysteries call for splashes of said. “I like forms to be somewhat
colour to transform into precise submerged, and to come up for air.”
dark shapes through which a gleam This polychrome palette marked the
of light manages to escape and artist’s defi nitive transition from re
illuminate? presentation to abstraction.
To view the lifework of artist
Mehlli Gobhai, who died two years Abstract mysteries
ago, is to fi nd oneself on the path of Pivoting the exhibition was a stone
a parabola, climbing hesitantly in sculpture of the tantric goddess Cha Polychrome palette sculptures, moving beyond the two homage to a departed friend. As
one direction and landing with more munda, which greeted viewers at (Clockwise from above) Two dimensional surface with layer upon they went about with their research,
questions than answers in a diff erent the base of a stairway. An index fi n untitled paintings by Gobhai, layer of canvas or paper. From “events and anecdotes leaped up
place. Moving around the fi ve levels ger on her lips in a rahasya mudra mixed media on canvas, 1970s; another level, standing amid his life from the pages and connected with
of the National Gallery of Modern suggests her position as a custodian and the late artist. sketches and advertising work, you stories he had told us,” said
Art in Mumbai — where his work was of mysteries. If Gobhai regarded *
SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT & saw his sharp and dark geometrical Adajania.
displayed before the gallery was Chamunda as a deity of abstraction, APARNA JAYAKUMAR works. These included his rich journal
shut due to the lockdown — one got a the master abstractionist gently Alongside his work as a leading entries. In one such, there is his de
rare glimpse into the evolution of draws us into his sphere of images to abstractionist, Gobhai never lightful attention to both fl eeting
Gobhai’s body of work: his drawings alter the ways in which we relate to stopped making life studies. His and lasting moments in nature.
as a teenager, life sketches, illustra the world we think we know. Is that so the last vestiges of the fi gure in his nude fi gures, the curators write, are “Came to a thicket — misty, cool,
tions as an advertising professional, the outline of Krishna playing a work, traces of an elbow, a knee, a “electric with energy. They convey with the giant deodars faintly visible
his paintings using diff erent mate fl ute? And there? A dancing woman pelvis, as we see from the drawings the body’s pulses and torsion around me… suddenly, a group of
rials, spanning 70 years of interplay perhaps? A woman holding a teacup in his notebooks of that period,” said through a choreographic economy small lemoncoloured birds fl ew out
between his intellectual, social and with her toes? Hoskote. of strokes, hatchings and loops.” of the mist… and alighted on my
artisanal commitments. Gobhai later shifted to dark, sub head and shoulders before they real
“Mehlli’s art focused on the axis dued shades of sepia, charcoal grey, Disparate empires Deep commitments ised I was not an inanimate object.
mundi, the world axis, the column sienna, while always staying alive to Gobhai’s fi xation with abstraction One cannot write of Gobhai’s work Sudden panic and they fl ew off into
of light, the sap rising through the the sacredness of geometry and had been an almost lifelong one, but without acknowledging his deep so the cool mists.”
Gobhai’s world tree — images of ascension mathematical harmony. Figures he was never removed from the ciopolitical commitments for a safe Gobhai’s pantheistic spirit quiet
fi xation with were at the core of his work,” said now melted into abstract motions, world of ideas. He read poets, aes and inclusive society, be they con ly pulls one into the expanse of his
abstraction had Nancy Adajania, cocurator of ‘Don’t lines and divisions dominated the theticians, philosophers, and dis cerns about street children or soli swarthy and muted universe, and in
been an almost Ask Me About Colour’. The upward scene. “How does one manage the cussed them with friends. “For darity with environment activists proximity with nature. Life jumps
lifelong one, ly rising spiral of the building thus chaos, bring the contradictions into Mehlli, the abstractionist was very and displaced local communities. In out of these basic geometric trap
but he was served to accentuate the viewing ex a choreography of reconciliation? much a person who grappled with one of his 1990 posters for the Sadat pings and encampments, capacious
perience. Viewers can now see the That was one of his key questions,” ideas and had an intellectual life,” Hashmi Memorial Trust just before vestibules to earth itself. His work
never removed
show online. said cocurator Ranjit Hoskote. said Hoskote. the Mumbai riots, two fi gures are seems to say: from earth we have
from the world
“Mehlli did not avoid colour. He “The line became prominent as a In Gobhai’s copy of Wilhelm Wor worldpicture.” entwined in the foreground as a city come, to earth we shall return. Not
of ideas. He refused to be intoxicated by it,” said measure of chaos, a geometry that ringer’s 1908 classic Abstraction and From all around the NGMA build burns. Accompanying these draw without light. Always a hint of sub
read poets, Adajania, explaining the title of the would keep turbulence in check. Empathy, he had underlined a sen ing, you could experience disparate ings, the curators found a note lime light.
aestheticians, retrospective. “In fact, the ground The swing and weight of the plumb tence, refl ecting his own thoughts: empires of Gobhai’s creative mind. which proved prescient: “Don’t wait The exhibition can be viewed at
philosophers, colours of all his later paintings — line, the dance of parallel and inter “These regular abstract forms are, Looking down the atrium from the for grief to bind us. Fight communal https://www.gallerychemould.com.
and discussed more familiar to viewers — were secting lines, become vital gauges of therefore, the only ones and the topmost fl oor, for instance, his woo ism now.” ........................................................................
them with chalky pink and pale yellow. He space in his work at this time. These highest, in which man can rest in the den cubes stood surrounded by For the curators, the retrospec The reporter and writer is based
friends would gradually build up the sienna, stylised, simplifi ed linearities are al face of the vast confusion of the paintings that were more lowrelief tive was not so much a project as a in Grenoble.
Raising
When my husband and I had
talked about whether we wanted to
be parents, we had worried that the
world was a deeply violent place
with hate, discrimination and intole
rance on the rise everywhere.
Generation C Cities were increasingly unlivea
ble, social and economic security
were the privilege of a few, while nu
clear weapons and climate change —
mediums of mass destruction — pre
sented permanent threats to
Days after our paediatrician visit, ing myself to interpret her cries and humanity.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi deli body language. As I struggled to
vered the shock announcement of a breastfeed her and my daughter’s A fraught future
national lockdown from March 25 to weight dipped, I fretted and worked Why had we decided to bring a child
prevent the spread of coronavirus. myself into a state of worry. When la into the world? Was it because we
My fi rst concern was whether it ter, her cheeks fattened up and belly were reasonably confi dent of provid
would be possible to take my grew rounded, I laughed with relief. ing for the needs of another human
daughter for her vaccination, which I was learning to be a mother. being? Had we succumbed to social
was due the very next day. expectations? Thick in the era of CO
True to my fears, the paediatri Fearful whispers VID19, I am aware of another under
cian had shut her clinic without not By February, the fi rst whispers of the lying reason: it was the idea that we
ice. When I called her, she told me novel coronavirus were being heard. could reasonably predict a certain
that as an elderly woman, she could As the murmurs about a seemingly life trajectory to our child, albeit
not risk exposure to the virus. My remote illness grew into a din which with caveats.
husband and I panicked. Our could not be ignored, I willed myself But now, no previously made cal
daughter’s vaccination had already to believe, like many others, that In culations about the future hold. We
been delayed once because she was dia would somehow escape this wild fi nd ourselves at a loss of terms and
underweight. We dreaded delaying contagion. language in which to imagine a fu
it any further. After a number of But it was not to be. We could no ture for her. Right now, we possess
frantic calls, we found a doctor who longer ignore that the virus was go neither the understanding nor the
was willing to meet us and adminis ing to hit India as badly, even as the ability to anticipate the shape of a
ter the vaccine at a hospital. government continued to be in de postcorona world. If the socioeco
Inside the hospital lobby, we nial, like most of us. nomic and environmental inheri
were greeted with the sight of a pol And as I watched my little girl tance of our generation stood on
iceman wearing a mask and a hand wriggle and demand to be fed, obli shaky ground, the world in which
ful of patients, including a profusely vious to all else, a sense of terror des my daughter and her generation will
Urvashi Sarkar of the novel coronavirus were daughter’s short bout of fever was coughing old man. My husband and cended on me. How was I going to grow up promises to be only more
spreading fast. not serious, I asked if I could breast I were instructed to sit separately. protect her from this alien, wildly uncertain and fraught.
T
he paediatrician’s waiting My own persistent cough con feed her, given my cough. Hospital staff glanced at our heavily contagious infection for which there As my daughter nears the three
room was unusually vinced me that I needed to wear a “You can,” she replied. “But don’t swaddled infant curiously. “Don’t was no known cure? month mark, I am aware that her
crowded. mask — at least in the presence of my talk to her while you do.” bring your baby to the hospital if you I began to limit her interaction name is yet to be registered in the ci
Parents and grandpa daughter, six weeks old, who had de can help it. Hospitals are one of the with the outside world, cancelling ty’s municipal records. She is yet to
rents sat on narrow veloped a mild temperature the pre Masked motherhood most infectious places for children see the colour of the sky or feel the
benches, cradling infants. The vious night. It had passed, but was Not talk to my newborn? Not sing lul to be, especially now,” one of them fresh breeze on her face. Instead, we
sounds of coughing and sniffl ing, enough for her grandmother to de labies, utter gibberish, or babble told me. are closeted at home, caring for a lit
mostly from adults, rang through the cide that it warranted a visit to the words of love? That didn’t seem pos My daughter was born in a subur As my daughter nears the tle human being who was born in a
room. Some wore face masks — paediatrician. sible. And so, the mask stayed on my ban Mumbai hospital in late January; three-month mark, I am aware year of raging pandemic but whose
cloth, synthetic or rayon, whatever When we went inside, the paedia face while I sang to her, burped or her wails and cries marking her ar that her name is yet to be frequent wails and unexpected
they had been able to get their hands trician — an elderly woman — was al changed her. Practising ‘social dis rival in the world a few days before smiles still govern our lives even un
registered in the city municipal
on. Others had given it a miss. A so sniffl ing. She wore no mask. “I tancing’ or ‘physical distancing’ was expected. She had just about made it der lockdown.
young man stepped out of the wait should be wearing a mask…but you anything but easy; the very idea of it to a normal birth weight. I began ad records. She is yet to see the ........................................................................
ing room with his toddler son twice, know…” she trailed off . went against my need to hold, cud justing to the tiny little person in my colour of the sky or feel fresh air The writer is an independent
to cough. It was late March and fears Once I was satisfi ed that my dle and comfort my infant. life, tailoring my clock to hers, teach on her face journalist based in Mumbai.
CM ND-X
YK