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Fine, and you? (more formal reply) ठीक, आप सु नाइये ṭhīk, āp sunāiyē
What is your name? आपका नाम क्या है ? āpkā nām kyā hai?
Nice to meet you (formal). आपसे मिलकर बहुत ख़ूशी हुई। āpsē milkar bahut k͟hūśī huī
Do you speak English? आपको अं गर् े ज़ी आती है ? āpko aṅgrēzī ātī hai?
Is there someone here who speaks क्या किसी को अं गर् े ज़ी आती
kyā kisī ko aṅgrēzī ātī hai?
English? है ?
I don't speak Hindi. मु झे हिन्दी नहीं आती है । mujhē hindī nahī ̃ ātī hai.
I can't speak Hindi मैं हिन्दी नहीं बोल सकता हँ ।ू maĩ hindī nahī ̃ bol sakta hū̃.
I speak some Hindi. मु झे कुच हिन्दी आती है । mujhē kuc hindī ātī hai
What does "..." mean? "..." का मतलब क्या है ? "..." kā artha/matlab kyā hai?
How do you say "..."? "..." कैसे कहते हैं ? "..." kaisē kahatē haĩ?
Forms of Address[edit]
Transliterati
English Hindi
on
Ji (q.v. ut
जी jī
supra)
Mrs. (Sikh,
सरदारनी sardārnī
ਸਰਦਾਰਨੀ)
Interrogatives[edit]
Transliterati
English Hindi
on
how/of what
कैसा? kaisa
kind?
how कितना
kitna/kitne
much/many? /कितने ?
The numerals used to write in decimal are called Indo-Arabic numerals. Developed in India, they
were borrowed by the Arabs, and gradually spread to Europe. The similarities are hard to miss. Here
are their respective numerals.
Roma Devanaga
n ri
0 ०
1 १
2 २
3 ३
4 ४
5 ५
6 ६
7 ७
8 ८
9 ९
Hindi numbers ending in 9 are named as "un" (-1) plus the next multiple of ten. Instead of naming
powers of a thousand, Hindi has unique names for a thousand, a hundred thousand, ten million etc.
These peculiarities don't seem to have affected the proliferation of Indian mathematicians.
shUnya,
0 शून्य 25 पच्चीस paccīs 50 पचास pacās 75 पचहत्तर pachattar
bi.ndi
इक्याव
1 एक ek 26 छब्बीस chabbīs 51 ikyāvan 76 छिहत्तर chihattar
न
सतहत्त
2 दो do 27 सत्ताईस satāīs 52 बावन bāvan 77 sathattar
र
छह,
cheh, chai,
6 छै , 31 इकत्तीस ikttīs 56 छप्पन chappan 81 इक्यासी ikyāsī
cheḥ
छः
7 सात sāt 32 बत्तीस battīs 57 सत्तावन sattāvan 82 बयासी bayāsī
अट् ठाव
8 आठ āṭh 33 तैं तीस taintīs 58 aṭṭhāvan 83 तिरासी tirāsī
न
छियास
11 ग्यारह gyāreh 36 छत्तीस chattīs 61 इकसठ iksaṭh 86 chiyāsī
ी
सआं ती सात्तास
12 बारह bareh 37 saintīs 62 बासठ bāsaṭh 87 sattāsī
स ी
अट् ठास
13 ते रह tereh 38 अड़तीस aṛtīs 63 तिरसठ tirsaṭh 88 aṭṭhāsī
ी
उनताली
14 चौदह caudeh 39 untālīs 64 चौंसठ cainsaṭh 89 नवासी navāsī
स
चवाली
19 उन्नीस unnīs 44 cavālīs 69 उनत्तहर unhattar 94 चौरानवे caurānave
स
सैं ताली
22 बाईस bāīs 47 saintālīs 72 बहत्तर behattar 97 सत्तानवे sattānave
स
निन्यान
24 चौबीस chaubīs 49 उनचास uncās 74 च्हत्तर cauhattar 99 ninyānave
वे
100 सौ sau
200 दो सौ do sau
number _____ (train, bus, नबं र _____ ट् रेन, nambar _____ ṭren, bas,
etc.) बस, ... ...
Time[edit]
English Hindi Transliteration
बाद में ,
later bād men, phir
फिर
afterno
दोपहर dopehar; sa pehar
on
Clock time[edit]
Transliteratio
English Hindi
n
hour घं टा ghanṭa
Today आज āj
Yesterday/Tomorrow (depends on
कल … kal
context/tense)
पिछले
Last week pichle hafte
हफ़्ते
The Hindu days of the week are each ruled by a planet, and corresponding exactly to ancient
cultures in the West, i.e. Sunday = Ravivār (Lord of the Sun's day [lit. time or period]). Thursday/O.N.
Þorsdagr, Thor's day = Guruvār (Lord of Jupiter's day), Saturday/Saturn's day = Śani's (Lord of
Saturn's day), etc. Unlike her Western counterparts, in India, Astrology is still a vital part of Hindu
culture. Though attitudes may vary on its validity, priests are still consulted, as per tradition, for an
auspicious day to hold a wedding. -वार (-vār), meaning day, time, or period is often dropped
colloquially.
mangalvār (Mars);
Tuesday मं गलवार/मं गल
mangal
Wednesd
बु धवार/बु ध budhvār (Mercury); budh
ay
Gregorian Calendar[edit]
Transliterati
Name Hindi
on
January जनवरी janvarī
May मई maī
Septemb
सितम्बर sitambar
er
Novembe
नवम्बर navambar
r
Decembe
दिसम्बर disambar
r
Hindu Calendar[edit]
The Hindu Calendar (विक् रम सं वत् Vikram saṃvat) is named after a legendary king of Ujjain, who is
supposed to have founded the Vikramditya (विक् रमादित्य) era c. 56 BCE. The year 57 BCE was the first
year of this (सं वत् saṃvat) era. Thus, to calculate the current date of the Hindu calendar, add 57
years. Today, the Hindu Calendar is used mainly for religious purposes and calculating festivals.
Because it is based on the lunar month, every 30 months an "impure" intercalary leap month is
added, during which no ceremonies are performed. The Hindi names are variations of the original
Sanskrit ones.
№ of Gregorian
Name Hindi
Days Equivalent
चै तर् /चै
Caitra 30 (March - April)
त
Baisāk
बै साख 31 (April - May)
h
(August-
Bhādon भादों 31
September)
(September-
Kvār क्वार 30
October)
(October-
Kārtik कातिक 30
November)
(November-
Aghan अगहन 30
December)
(December-
Pūs पूस 30
January)
Māgh माघ 30 (January-February)
Phagu
फागु न 30 (February-March)
n
Malmā
मलमास ? ?
s
Colors[edit]
Color Hindi Transliteration
color रं ग rang
bahut bahAna,
colorful रं गबिरं गी
rangabirangī
pink,
गु लाबी gulābī
rosy
turquois
फ़िरोज़ी firozī
e
बैं गनी,
purple bainganī, jāmnī
जाम्नी
deep,
गहरा gaharā
dark
pale,
हल्का halkā
light
Transportation[edit]
Travel Vocabulary[edit]
Transliterati
English Hindi
on
Train
स्टे शन sṭeśan
Station
Auto
आटो āṭo
Rickshaw
क्या ये ट् रेन/बस _____ पर रुकती है ? Kya yeh train/bus _____ par rukti hai?
When does the train/bus for _____ leave?
स्वागत (svāgat)
Welcome
सवागत हैं (svāgat haiṅ)
Good afternoon
दोपहर के बाद नमस्कार (dopahar ke bad namaskar)
(Afternoon greeting)
नमस्ते (namaste)
Good night
शु भ रात्रि (śubh rātri)
Have a nice day आप का दिन अच्छा बीते ! (āp kā din acchā bīte!)
Please speak more slowly कृपया ज़रा धीरे बोलिये । (kṛipayā zarā dhīre boliye)
Do you speak Hindi? क्या आप हिन्दी बोलते हैं ? (kyā āp hindī bolte haiṅ?)
Yes, a little
हाँ , थोडी सी (hā, thoḍī sī)
(reply to 'Do you speak ...?')
हिं दी में ... कैसे कह्ते हैं | (hindi meṅ ... kaise kahte
How do you say ... in Hindi?
haiṅ?)
Thanks (inf)
Thank you धन्यवाद (dhanyavād) - frm
आभारी हुँ (ābhārī hōṅ) - frm
Help! मदद! (maḍaḍ!)
Fire! रुको! (ruko!)
Stop! रुको! (ruko!)
शु भ क्रिसमस (śubh krisamas)
Christmas and New Year
नये साल की हार्दिक शु भकामनायें
greetings
(naye sāl kī hārdik śubhkāmnayeṅ)
जन्मदिन मु बारक हो
(janmadin mubārak ho)
जन्मदिन की हार्दिक शु भकामनायें
(janmadin kī hārdik śubhkāmnāyeṅ)
Birthday greetings
सालगिरह मु बारक हो
(sālgirah mubārak ho)
सालगिरह की हार्दिक शु भकामनायें
(sālgirah kī hārdik śubhkāmnāyeṅ)
Phrases[edit]
bahut bahut
thank you very much बहुत बहुत धन्यवाद/शु क्रिया
dhanyavād/śukriyā
you're welcome (don’t mention it) कोई बात नहीं koī bāt nahīn
yes जी हाँ jī hā n
(all-purpose adj./interj.)
(male/female respondent)
It was nice to meet you आप से मिलकर बहुत ख़ु शी हुई āp se milkar bahut khuśī huī
*These are not used nearly as casually in Hindi and Urdu as they are in western
languages. कृपया especially is used only in cases of true importance or urgency, and
using it otherwise would sound incredibly stilted and formal. Instead, politeness is
achieved by proper address and verb forms and body language/tone of voice.
Actions[edit]
Hindi uses two forms of address. One is honoring and the other is common. Honoring
address is used when talking to first acquaintances, unfamiliar people, and to elders
(relations and age).... Examples include
The common type of address is used with friends and those of the same age group with
whom one is familiar.... Examples include
Hindi speakers normally use 'namaste' or 'namaskar' for all occasions (meaning good
morning/afternoon/day/evening/night) especially with honorific use, although these may
also be used:
Simple words[edit]
Phrases[edit]
नमस्ते (namaste) - a standard greeting (literally means "I bow to you")
आप कहाँ जा रहे हैं ? (Āp kahān jā rahe hain?) - Where are you going?
आपका बहुत बहुत शु क्रिया (āpka bahut bahut shukriyā) - thank you so much
प्रणाम (pranām) - a greeting, similar to नमस्ते (namaste) but used for much older or respectful
people
आज कैसा मौसम है ? (Āj kaisā mausam hai?) - How is the weather today?
और सबज़ी लें गे ? (Aur sabzī lenge?) - Will you have more vegetables?
थोड़ी दे र इन्तज़ार कीजिये । (Thoṛī der intzār kījiye.) - Wait for some time.
Conversation[edit]
Here's a complete conversation in Hindi:
नीरजः मैं विद्यालय /पाठशाला /स्कू ल जा रहा हँ ।ू (Nīraj: Mainn vidhyalay/paathshaala/skūl jā rahā hūn.)
Neeraj: I am going to school.
नीरजः आज टिफ़न में क्या दिया है ? (Nīraj: Āj ṭifan men kyā diyā hai?)
What have you given me in tiffin?
माँ ः आज मैं ने सैं डविच और कुछ लड् डू दिये हैं । (Mān: Āj main ne sainḍwic aur kuch ladū diye hain.)
I have given some sandwich and sweet called ladoo.
नीरजः हाँ माता जी! स्कू ल ख़त्म होते सीधा घर आऊँगा। (Nīraj: Hān Mātā-jī! Skūl ḫatm hote sidhā ghar āūngā.)
Yes Mom! I'll be back home straight after school ends.