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CRAIG ANDERTON | ty _ Pedal Fianger, Part I JOR MUCH OF 1979, THIS COLUMN focused on material rated 0 A‘edathoatd, seiching treks, and mulileefects systems: Now is time og back ito consrting some new elects nd we Starts the By sib flange Many f you have asked why I haven’ covered lange: inthe pst. Aside tom caper, the biggest problem was limited avait of Reions [08 Bereea Ave. Summa CA BAGHA) SADIO34 analog delay TC the It ofthe anger. Now tal hit par avaable rom at leet four 9 re sila sources (which I mention later wee ready Yoo. Fis. ne need to investigate how aelog daylife work, since fangs areanaiog delay. Aetaly anslog Slay ate ery verse sytem ‘wih short delays You get Manag: with sighty Tonge delays ou Be, ‘euting and with cven longer delays You get ecko effects. The principle of eration #36 radially dillerent frm other effect devices tha any ime ‘Tet latning how they work wil make construction troubleshooting. and Stoine the lager js that rch eae ‘Das analopdelsy crear. Fig I shows a block dagrm of «typical analogy sytem Ite dey time short (rom afew miroeconds ihe miieconds or so). welt bear Nanging effets A 1010 0 llaceond se causes «doubling or thickening elec. whey tha’ pete than {tow 30 miseconde appears a geno. Thee area numberof aye ICS smihe market: unfortunately nb afew of them ae avaiable to hobby sa {ne exgerimeniation. The SADHO2 i intended or short days. which ake tea! for flanging. whe othe hip ike the Matsushita Panasone | MB are more stable for longer delays and echo elects. | “before considering the peripheral excuiry need to support the lay "eles consider how the delay tine elf works, Isl marca me thet an coc cenit eam acti there and produce tne delay. however, Soahving he dence crcaty wel be able to demiy the procs Hom delay ines work. Fig 2 shows 4 simplified block diagram of an |anaegely hip with ee stags of Slay (mpc delay chipcan Nave {anywhere rom dovene to thowsands of dehy siger. The Gack shown in Tip isa timing reference whose Usage wil become Caras we go song | ite cok opera very hh frequency. usualy above the ange | human Bering Like most clock, this one goes “cklock however these ‘Me tt audible click. Tnsead, They are Volages that swing between | tio and 9 minima vale 1 Dung the “tek ofthe clock, te delay fn samples" the input wave- foam Sampling iva process whereby the anal ely Tie store the insta taneous amplitude salve (eve) ofan vipat signa (ee Fig. 3). the sgl {ane mewent of he sample 1 vote the deny etre wo Sage I During the “tock ofthe sock the diay five stops sampling the jmp and tanstrsthe volo held in he fe sage ove to sage 2 | "wen the rex Wek" happens, the dla tine take second sample of | he input signal and stores that sample nthe fet stage: During the "tock jee over ito the second sage and the 1.1 ols we had stored in IEVSUnE supe eve tg te fda: Ashe pone a eg Shin dort hey ne coma yon tan ee mb epee (Sip he fu Some hb sed do ee freee to ar ‘eet athe ope he dey tn fotowed bye ond ample the ‘Mampi ado on So we have eeonraced cur aga We ne |daned' ines in erane, neve eken hein sl down te turer osama clogs and pated the ed Sos ou he ovine hndvnags of mao dey. oes gpd on pe tere |ssone pebhne e's rr to seony epee toe pe [sawed ket fms maybe ane vey peveeceeds |sletih site me tonertibedo ee ais pa We mee dae | eee tne rchn ef ie dvi Gu ey nes oun weet ich ie sane ana Hover ate nee te seg ee ner ong our wpe owe he dy be aaa te Pich es |fedy"So" eaten can po prey cee Sper tial wa ht {Cartes amet dy necro sino onthe ‘ral teeaes nce dened ‘ocsaon eh oben fo cee the rumbe of tages 0 hat can muah lamping ate et gt resoay ng dys Hoste v8 fi nth easing Sc ch tage ey eee tse anu of sue utes ncticency aa heaven on wh | Sada‘ sud qual ef te aeiyed gaat We tatoo ELECTIRONIC GUITAR choose enough stages to give us the deay we want consistent with a high ‘enough sampling rate to gve us good fidelity when we reconsruet out signal a the output of the delay ine Ifthe clock goes low enough in frequency #0 that isin the audio range, we now have an additional problem since we ako hear the cock signal mixed in with the audio signal Inaddition, we have to figure outa way to change the delay, But this nt too dificult” By making the clock frequency varablc, we can change the overall delay by changing the clock frequency. As we siow down the rate at ‘which the signal gets transferred from sage 10 sage down the line. te signal “will take longer to appear at the output a | al cecaltry. To minimize the problems associated with analog: delay Ties. we can add the additional circuitry shown in Fig. 1. The input low-pass fier isnot that critical is designed to Keep high-frequency adie input signals from medulaing the clock frequency. The output low-pas. fiker, however, is far more important: I removes the high frequency clock signal from the audio, theoreicaly leaving us withthe audio signal oni a | {te output of the delay line. This iter ako helps smooth the sampled signal into something that more closely resembles areal" audio signal (ce Fig. 3. TT we vary the clock frequency and listen tothe output ofthe day line well hear pitch shifts and vibrato effet. In order to get Ranging sounds. w< | eed 19 mix the non-delayed vignal and delayed signal together exactly the ‘ame proportion, This causes cancellations and peaks inthe responce that ve uy the characteristic Manging sound, tradeofls. By Keeping the clock speed fairy fast to make an adequate campling f the inp gal, and by being careful with our design, | an inexpensive analog delay wills give us a reasonably good fangive | lect. However. you should not expect miracles or performance rivaling txpeasive manufactured units—I think this column has probably shown ost how complex the process of creating a time deli can be. You will et some | fois. and you may Rea the clock feecing through into the audio signal a fon delay times. In addition, the high-requeney Fesponse wil be imsed by | the response of the output fow-pass iter. The unit wel be Building can be improved through the addition of extra peripheral circuitry, which wel |

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